Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Session |
SessionNoun1. A meeting for execution of a group's functions; "it was the opening session of the legislature". 2. The time during which a school holds classes; "they had to shorten the school term". 3. A meeting devoted to a particular activity; "a filming session"; "a gossip session". 4. A meeting of spiritualists; "the seance was held in the medium's parlor". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "session" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references) |
Etymology: Session \Ses"sion\, noun. [Latin expression sessio, from sedere, sessum, to sit: compare to the French expression session. See Sit.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Session |
Law | The period during which the Legislature meets. (references) |
Post & Telecom | A connection between two stations that allows them to communicate. Source: European Union. (references) |
Slang | Verb. Source: Nate the roadie. Definition: When the group of friends in this certain speech community get together to smoke marajuana it is called a session. Context: This word would be used to describe the kind of meeting the speech community had. Social Source: Drug culture band roadies. Source: Compiled by The University of Oregon. (additional references) |
| Noun. Source: Describes a get-together of sorts. Definition: A get-together where there are a few people smoking a lot of cannabis. Context: This word is used to describe a group pot smoking experience, where there are many people smoking and supplying marijuana. Social Source: Univ. of Oregon Drug Scene. Source: Compiled by The University of Oregon. (additional references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A session is a gathering. A court or other assembly is said to be in session when they convene.
In computing, in particular networking a session is either a lasting connection using the session layer of a network protocol or a lasting connection between a user (or user agent) and a peer, typically a server, usually involving the exchange of many packets between the user's computer and the server. A session is typically implemented as a layer in a network protocol (e.g. telnet, FTP).
In the case of transport protocols which do not implement a formal session layer (e.g. UDP) or where sessions at the session layer are generally very short-lived (e.g. HTTP), sessions are maintained by a higher level program using a method defined in the data being exchanged. For example, an HTTP exchange between a browser and a remote host may include a HTTP cookie which identifies state, such as a unique session ID, information about the user's preferences or authorisation level, etc.
See in this context also login.
See also
- music session
- Irish traditional music session
- Jam session
- Court of Session, the supreme civil court of Scotland.
- Session Description Protocol
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Session."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The session layer is level five of the seven level OSI model. It responds to service requests from the presentation layer and issues service requests to the transport layer.
The Session layer provides the mechanism for managing the dialogue between end-user application processes. It provides for either duplex or half-duplex operation and establishes checkpointing, adjournment, termination, and restart procedures.
The Session layer is typically completely unused, but it does have a few places where it is useful. The idea is to allow information on different streams, perhaps originating from different sources, to be properly combined. In particular, it deals with synchronisation issues, and ensuring nobody ever sees inconsistent versions of data, and similar things.
One application which is fairly intuitively clear is multimedia conferencing. Here, we want to make sure that the streams of audio and video match up - or in other words, that we do not have lipsync problems. We may also want to do "floor control" - ensuring that the person displayed on screen and whose words are relayed is the one selected by the speaker, or by some other criteria.
Another big application is in live TV programmes, where streams of audio and video need to be seamlessly merged from one to the other so that we do not have half a second of blank airtime, or half a second when we transmit two pictures simultaneously.
Examples
- AppleTalk Session Protocol (ASP)
- AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol (ADSP)
- Data Link Control (DLC)
- Named Pipes
- NBT
- NetBIOS
- NWLink
- Printer Access Protocol (PAP)
- ZIP
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Session layer."
Synonyms: SessionSynonyms: academic session (n), academic term (n), school term (n), seance (n), sitting (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Concealment | Background information, deep background information, deep background; background session, backgrounder; not for attribution |
Council | Assembly, caucus, conclave, clique, conventicle; meeting, sitting, seance, conference, convention, exhibition, session, palaver, pourparler, durbar, house; quorum; council fire, powwow, primary. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | You know normally a patient wouldn't have a vat of Scotch during a session. (Analyze This; writing credit: Kenneth Lonergan; Peter Tolan) I'm the love professor, and class is in session! I still got it. (Dinosaur; writing credit: Walon Green; Thom Enriquez) We're having a free get acquainted session at our resort this weekend (The Simpsons; writing credit: Artur Brauner; Paul Hengge) Yeah, alotta bull but not much session. (Maude; writing credit: Colette Deréal) Robo-puppy commencing 2 hour yipping session. Yip, yip, yip, yip, yip, yip (Futurama; writing credit: Lance Smith; Carl Colpaert) | |
Lyrics | And all night through the session we stayed (Request Line; performing artist: Black Eyed Peas) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Session (1971) A Session with the Committee (1969) Jazz Session (1958) Screenliner: Recording Session (1952) Congress Session 1948 (1948) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Street intercept interview/counseling session. Credit: CDC. |  | Lab session of a bacteriology training class--technicans at work. Credit: CDC. |
 | Norman Porter at Sasebo, Japan, with port authorities Picture taken during planning session for reopening seaport for U.S. military Norman Porter in center of photo standing. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | A propagule of Zostera marina. The Alliance for Chesapeake Bay uses volunteers to transplant eelgrass to sites that demonstrate they are suitable transplant sites. SAV transplants are seen as a way to help the Bay recover. During this transplant session approximately 40 volunteers planted for over two days. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | Caption: George Werner and Fred C. Burt at Amberola Recording Session, Columbia St. Studio; West Orange, NJ; January 22, 1917; {29.435/5} (jpg). |  | Base Hospital No. 9. Chateauroux, France : Session of special court martial. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | [Fourth Interim Scientific Session, American Rheumatism Association]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | "De-Briefing Session -- After returning from strikes on enemy targets in the Wonsan area, these three Navy pilots on the aircraft carrier USS Antietam go into a de-briefing session, and check themselves on targets hit and damaged. Left to right: Ens. Robert L. Thomas, ... Lt(jg) Robert F. Baker ... and Ens. Howard E. Foabn." (last name given is unclear) Photograph and caption were released by Commander Naval Forces, Far East, under date of 12 January 1952. Note pilots' flight suits and life vests with attached survival equipment. Credit: NAVY. |
 | Staff of Rear Admiral Charles J. Badger, Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, in a planning session on board Wyoming in 1913. Those present around the table are (from left to right): Lieutenant Gardner L. Caskey, USN; Lieutenant Commander Walton R. Sexton, USN; Lieutenant Commander Frank R. McCrary, USN; Lieutenant Stanford C. Hooper, USN; Major Albertus W. Catlin, USMC; and Commander Carl T. Vogelgesang, USN. Credit: NAVY. |  | The peace conference in session. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Paint Session" by Nicholas Ong Commentary: "Tin cans full of paint." | "Skilift" by Andreas Schweiger Commentary: "Another One From The Appertschnig Session." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
David Amram | In the spring of 1956, Monk, Elmo Hope, and I went to Central Park after staying up all night playing at a jam session. While I rowed them around the lake in a rented paddle boat, I received my education in what to look for inmusic and life. 'Listen,' Monk said to Elmo, 'we're moving through the waterin 4/4 time and the birds are singing 6/8 to it.' I stopped rowing and listened; I've been listening ever since. |
Gideon J. Tucker | No man's life, liberty or property are safe while the Legislature is in session. |
Woodrow Wilson | Congress in session is Congress on public exhibition, whilst Congress in its committee-rooms is Congress at work. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
US Constitution | 1791 | Clause 3: The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session. (reference) |
Amendment to US Constitution | 1795-2000 | If the Congress, within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble, determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties of his office. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | Each of the Members undertakes that it will, within the period of one year at most from the closing of the session of the Conference, or if it is impossible owing to exceptional circumstances to do so within the period of one year, then at the earliest practicable moment and in no case later than eighteen months from the closing of the session of the Conference, bring the recommendation or draft convention before the authority or authorities within whose competence the matter lies, for the enactment of legislation or other action. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | The case must have been prolonged and they are having an evening session. |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | And without any signal the family gathered by the truck, and the congress, the family government, went into session. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | If you miss a treatment session or skip a dose of the drug, contact your doctor. (references) | |
Your dry weight is your weight after a dialysis session when all of the extra fluid in your body has been removed. (references) | ||
Generally, traces (metabolites) of THC can be detected by standard urine testing methods several days after a smoking session. (references) | ||
Business | The 9th National People's Congress endorsed the plans at its March 1998 session. (references) | |
Schools are out of session from mid-June to mid-September, and for approximately 10 days during Christmas and 6 days at Easter, greatly affecting travel plans. (references) | ||
An instructor can be situated at a remote location and a live training session can be broadcast to desktop computers at multiple sites over satellite using Internet protocol technology. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Malaysia | The mosque officers who allegedly allowed him to speak were not prosecuted, but they were required to attend a counseling session. (references) |
Marshall Islands | In the past, live broadcasts of the legislative session were interrupted when remarks were critical of the Government; however, this did not occur during the year. (references) | |
Rwanda | Although a representative of the Kigali Mayor's office had presided over the opening session, police charged that the meeting was unauthorized; authorities later apologized for halting the meeting. (references) | |
Economic History | France | Parliament meets for one 9-month session each year. (references) |
Guinea | The new National Assembly held its first session in October 1995. (references) | |
France | Under special circumstances an additional session can be called by the president. (references) | |
Human Rights | Guinea | On September 25, Conde attended his first parliamentary session since his release. (references) |
Lebanon | In general, trials are public, but judges have the discretion to make a court session secret. (references) | |
Nigeria | Each session ended with recommendations to the Government on how best to resolve these issues. (references) | |
Minorities | Estonia | However, by year's end, there had yet to be a formal session of the commission. (references) |
Egypt | The retrial opened November 3, and the next session was scheduled for January 2002. There were reports of forced conversions of Coptic girls to Islam. (references) | |
Bhutan | Bilateral negotiations on repatriation issues in November failed to arrive at an agreement, and the matter was deferred to a proposed future session of ministerial-level talks. (references) | |
Political Economy | Indonesia | The MPR is scheduled to hold the second annual session in October 2001. (references) |
Panama | It appears likely that the opposition coalition will hold for the 2001-2002 Assembly session. (references) | |
Guinea | Although National Assembly deputies' terms expired in 2000, they held a budgetary session in early 2001 to approve the 2001 budget. (references) | |
Political Rights | Nepal | If the lower house is not in session, the upper house exercises this power. (references) |
Swaziland | When Parliament is not in session, the King may legislate by decree under his residual emergency powers. (references) | |
Central African Republic | The opposition parties and the UFAP strongly protested this defection and boycotted the inauguration of the new session of the legislature. (references) | |
Trade | Lebanon | The FATF did not remove Lebanon from the list at its June 2001 Plenary session. (references) |
Uzbekistan | In its December 2000 session, the Uzbek parliament made some changes to the copyright law, which may alleviate some of these problems, and also added trademark protections. (references) | |
Travel | Vietnam | A first meeting tends to be formal and viewed as an introductory session. (references) |
Women | Uganda | The Domestic Relations Bill was not passed during the year; however, it was expected to be reintroduced in the next session of Parliament. (references) |
India | On May 16, Rajan Pradhan was sentenced to death by Kandhamal District Session judge in Orissa for raping and killing an 18-year-old tribal girl in 1999. In July 2000, the NHRC directed the Andhra Pradesh government to pay $1,100 (50,000 Rs) in compensation to each of four Dalit women who were raped in Godavari district. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Canada | The Federal Government does not employ youths under 17 years of age while school is in session. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | RIGHT, n. Legitimate authority to be, to do or to have; as the right to be a king, the right to do one's neighbor, the right to have measles, and the like. The first of these rights was once universally believed to be derived directly from the will of God; and this is still sometimes affirmed in partibus infidelium outside the enlightened realms of Democracy; as the well known lines of Sir Abednego Bink, following: By what right, then, do royal rulers rule? Whose is the sanction of their state and pow'r? He surely were as stubborn as a mule Who, God unwilling, could maintain an hour His uninvited session on the throne, or air His pride securely in the Presidential chair. Whatever is is so by Right Divine; Whate'er occurs, God wills it so. Good land! It were a wondrous thing if His design A fool could baffle or a rogue withstand! If so, then God, I say (intending no offence) Is guilty of contributory negligence. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Robert Novak | In the short time left for this year's session of Congress, the Senate faces partisan struggles over an economic stimulus bill and aid to farmers and the insurance industry. |
Rush Limbaugh | Forget the lame duck session, Trent Lott. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
George Washington | 1789-1797 | Various temporary laws will expire during the present session. |
John Adams | 1797-1801 | In compliance with a law of the last session of Congress, the officers and soldiers of the temporary army have been discharged. |
Thomas Jefferson | 1801-1809 | Soon after the passage of the act of the last session authorizing the establishment of a district and port of entry on the waters of the Mobile we learnt that its object was misunderstood on the part of Spain. |
James Madison | 1809-1817 | To that statement is added a view of the transfers of appropriations authorized by the act of the session preceding the last and of the grounds on which the transfers were made. |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | With Great Britain our commercial intercourse rests on the same footing that it did at the last session. |
John Quincy Adams | 1825-1829 | An increase of both the corps of engineers, military and topographical, was recommended by my predecessor at the last session of Congress. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | Their report may be expected during your present session. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | That is the way to a responsible session and a responsive government. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Session" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.68% of the time. "Session" is used about 4,416 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.68% | 4,402 | 2,223 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.32% | 14 | 93,893 |
| Total | 100.00% | 4,416 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "session" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Session | Last name | 1,000 | 7,723 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "session": academic session ♦ autographing session ♦ background session ♦ be in session ♦ be sitting in the session ♦ break up the session ♦ bull session ♦ Church session ♦ closed door session ♦ closed session ♦ congressional session ♦ court of session ♦ court session ♦ drinking session ♦ executive session ♦ extraordinary session ♦ have a session ♦ intercalary session ♦ jam session ♦ joint session ♦ main session ♦ open session ♦ plenary session ♦ practice session ♦ preparatory session ♦ question and answer session ♦ rap session ♦ reading session ♦ recording session ♦ secret session ♦ session at court ♦ session Initiation Protocol ♦ session layer ♦ session of court ♦ skull session ♦ special session ♦ summer SESSION ♦ training session. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "session": session-appointed, session-wise. | |
Ending with "session": mid-session, multi-session, photo-session. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "session"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | sesion, seancë (meeting, proceedings, sitting), mbledhje (accumulation, addition, assemblage, assembly, clearing, collection, congregation, contraction, convocation, council, erection, furl, gathering, Ingathering, meeting, muster, picking, proceedings, rally, reaping, retraction, round up, shrinkage, sitting, squat, summation, turn out). (various references) | |
Arabic | فصل دراسي, محاضرات (tuition), سلسلة جلسات, جلسة (congressional, court, gathering, hearing, meeting, seance, sitting), العام الجامعي, العام الدراسي, الجلسة, إنعقاد محكمة, دورة المجلس. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | срок (half, quarter, term), учебна година, учебен ден, сесия (audience, law term, term-time), семестър (half, half year, quarter, semester, term), заседание (audience, meeting, proceedings, sitting). (various references) | |
Chinese | 會期 , 会议 (Conference, meeting, Sessions). (various references) | |
Czech | schùze (meeting), zasedání (meeting, sitting). (various references) | |
Danish | session, optagettid, belaegningstid. (various references) | |
Dutch | zittingsperiode (sitting), zitting (meeting), sessie. (various references) | |
Esperanto | sesio. (various references) | |
Farsi | مجلس (Assembly, Congress, Convocation, Council, Legislature, Parliament, Scene), نشست (Meet, Seance), جلسه (Seance), دوره تحصیلی (Schooltime). (various references) | |
Finnish | istunto (sitting). (various references) | |
French | session, séance. (various references) | |
German | Sitzung (caucus, council, meeting, sitting, visit), tagung (conference, congress, convention, meeting, sitting), Sitzungsperiode (term), session. (various references) | |
Greek | ώρα (hour, time), σύνοδοσ (convocation, synod), συνεδρίαση (meeting, sitting), συνεδρία, περιόδος (age, period, season, span), παράσταση (performance, presentation, presentment, production, remonstrance, remonstration, representation, show), παρουσίαση (appearance, presentation, presentment, production), ερωταπόκριση. (various references) | |
Hebrew | כנס (assembly, conference, congress, convention, gathering, meeting, rally). (various references) | |
Hungarian | gyűlés (assembly, festering, function, pow-wow), ülésszak (prorogation, sittings, term). (various references) | |
Indonesian | sidang. (various references) | |
Italian | seduta (freak out, séance, sitting), sessione (sitting, term), riunione (assembly, congregation, get together, meet, meeting, muster, proceedings, rally, reunion, round up). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 立ち会い (presence), 会議 (assembly, conference, congress, convention, council, meeting), 会期 , セックス産業 (cement, manufacturer of assembled products, savory, semantic, semantics, semaphore, semicolon, semiconductor, semi-double bed, seminar, semiprofessional, semi-tight skirt, sepia, set, set position, setting, setting lotion, setup, seven, Seven-Eleven, sex industry, shoulder length hair, three-quarter bed). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | たちあい (initial charge in sumo, presence), かいぎ (assembly, conference, congress, consultation via a circular, convention, council, disbelief, doubt, meeting, skepticism), かいき (a type of thin thread, bizarre, buying mood, death anniversary, foundation of a temple, laying a foundation, outrageous, recovery, recurrence, recursion, revolution, society by-laws, strange, total eclipse, totality, weird, wonderful), セッション . (various references) | |
Korean | 개회 (Sessions). (various references) | |
Manx | soie (bottom, bottom as boat, invest, man-handle; sitting, mount, mounting; resting place, seating, sit, situate), quaiyl (assembly, court, guild, legislature, parliament, tribunal). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | essionsay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | sessão (meeting, sit). (various references) | |
Romanian | sesiune (sitting), semestru şcolar, lecţie (class, lesson, lore, period, school, task, teaching, tuition), curs (act, channel, course, current, duration, flow, lapse, lecture, progress, quotation, rate, swim, tack, train, trend), conferinţã (conference, congress, diet, lecture, parley, reading, speech), şedinţã (assembly, conference, meeting, sitting), an universitar. (various references) | |
Russian | сессия (sess), сеанс сеансовый, сеанс (sйance), заседание (meeting, sйance, seance, sitting). (various references) | |
Scottish | seisean. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | suđenje (cognizance, judgement, trial), sednica (conference, meeting), zasedanje (meeting, term). (various references) | |
Spanish | sesión (meeting, performance, séance, sitting). (various references) | |
Swedish | sammanträde (assemblage, gathering, meeting, sitting), session (court, sitting, term). (various references) | |
Thai | เวลาในการประชุม, การประชุม (meeting), ภาคการศึกษา (semester). (various references) | |
Turkish | sömestr (hilary term, mid-term, semester), toplantı (assemblage, assembly, company, concourse, conference, congress, convention, convocation, court, forum, function, gathering, get together, meeting, parley, powwow, rally, séance), oturum (conclave, court, diet, forum, hearing, meeting, séance, sessional, sitting), kongre (assembly, conference, congress, congressional, convention), devre (bout, chukker, circuit, cycle, half, period, term), dönem (circle, date, day, epoch, period, semester, spell, term), celse (court, hearing, sessional), akademik yıl (academic year). (various references) | |
Turkmen | sessiяa (r). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | сесія, навчальний семестр, засідання (sйance). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | phiên họp, kỳ họp, buổi họp. (various references) | |
Welsh | sesiwn, eisteddiad (sitting), eisteddfod (eisteddfod). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | sessio, sessionem. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "session": sessional, sessions. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "session": dispossession, intersession, nonpossession, obsession, possession, prepossession, repossession, supersession. (additional references) | |
Words containing "session": dispossessions, intersessions, nonpossessions, obsessional, obsessionally, obsessions, possessional, possessionless, possessions, prepossessions, repossessions, supersessions. (additional references) | |
| |
"Session" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: desion, nessuno, saision, Saseno, Sasino, Sassen, Sassoi, seccion, sension, Sensuron, sesession, Seshan, seshen, Sesia, sesion, Sesok, seson, sessine, sessio, sessioneer, Sesso, seston, sestron, Setsuo, Sissoko, Spezzano, ssso, Sumsion, zissimos. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by | |
