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Definition: Serotonin |
SerotoninNoun1. A neurotransmitter involved in e.g. sleep and depression and memory. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
| Domain | Definitions |
Health | A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (receptors, serotonin) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthesized in the central nervous system.
Serotonin is believed to play an important part of the biochemistry of depression, bipolar disorder and anxiety.
Serotonin taken orally is not passed into the serotonin pathways of the brain. Since it is such an important regulating chemical, the blood-brain barrier prevents serotonin in the blood stream from directly affecting serotonin levels in the brain.
In order to work around this, doctors use a variety of psychiatric medications that affect serotonin levels indirectly, including MAO inhibitors, and SSRIss which includes the well known antidepressant fluoxetine (trade name: Prozac®)
The MAO inhibitors prevent the breakdown of serotonin and therefore increase concentrations of the neurotransmitter in the brain. MAO inhibitors react negatively with many foods (which contain amines) and drugs and have a large list of side effects.
After serotonin is released by a neuron it activates receptors located on adjacent neurons. After activating these receptors serotonin is taken up by neurons, sometimes for reuse. More recent drugs inhibit the uptake of serotonin, again making it stay in the synapse longer. There are many classes of 5-HT receptors, all of which may be responsible for different things. These Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors (SSRI) have fewer (though still numerous) side effects and fewer interactions with other drugs.
Serotonin is found extensively in the human gut, as well as in the blood stream.
The amino acid tryptophan is a chemical precursor of serotonin.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Serotonin."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| SERT | English | Serotonin transporter | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonym: SerotoninSynonym: 5-hydroxytryptamine (n). (additional references) |
| Domain | Title | ||
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Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Aghajanian, G.K., and Marek, G.J. Serotonin and hallucinogens. (references) | |
Most of these drugs affect levels of serotonin or other signaling chemicals in the brain. (references) | ||
Norepinephrine and serotonin, inhibitory chemicals that help the brain regulate acetylcholine. (references) | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Serotonin" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Serotonin" is used about 87 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 87 | 35,390 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "serotonin": Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) ♦ Serotonin Agents ♦ Serotonin Agonists ♦ Serotonin Antagonists ♦ Serotonin Syndrome ♦ Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "serotonin": c-serotonin. | |
Containing "serotonin": selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "serotonin"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 5-羟色胺. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | serotonin. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | serotonine. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | anafylaktinen shokki (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, anaphylaxis, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.), anafylaksis (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, anaphylaxis, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.), anafylaksia (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, anaphylaxis, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.), anafylaksi (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, anaphylaxis, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
French | sérotonine. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Serotonin. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | σεροτονίνη. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | szerotonin, ingerületátvivő anyag, hormon (hormone), érösszehúzó. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | serotonina. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 세로토닌. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | erotoninsay serotonina. (various references) serotonina. (various references) anafylaxi (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, anaphylactic choc, anaphylactic response, anaphylactic shock, anaphylaxis, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "serotonin": serotoninergic, serotonins. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "serotonin" (pronounced serutō"ni'n) |
| 3 | -n i' n | bradykinin, lignin, melanin. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: ironstone. | |
| Words within the letters "e-i-n-n-o-o-r-s-t" | |
-1 letter: intoners, notornes, notornis, snootier, ternions. | |
-2 letters: enroots, erosion, interns, intoner, intones, introns, ionones, isotone, nitroso, norites, notions, oestrin, orients, ronions, sootier, stonier, tension, ternion, tinners, tonners, torsion. | |
-3 letters: enroot, estrin, inerts, inners, insert, intern, inters, intone, intron, intros, ionone, irones, nestor, niters, nitons, nitres, nitros, nonets, nooser, norite, nosier, noters, notion, onions, orient. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-i-n-n-o-o-r-s-t" | |
+1 letter: entropions, ironstones, nonrioters, nonsteroid, nonstories, prenotions, serotonins. | |
+2 letters: coinventors, concertinos, concretions, counterions, neurotoxins, nitrogenous, nonroutines, nonsteroids, personation, renovations. | |
+3 letters: boutonnieres, conditioners, consecration, conservation, conterminous, conversation, denominators, enamorations, enterotoxins, exonerations, introversion, noncountries, nonsteroidal, normotensive, orientations, personations, premonitions, recognitions, reconditions, reconnoiters, reconnoitres. | |
+4 letters: cogenerations, concertgoings, confectioners, congregations, consecrations, conservations, consideration, consternation, conversations, counterpoints, counterposing, demonstration, enantiomorphs, frontogenesis, immunosorbent, impersonation, interposition, introgression, introjections, introspection, introversions, midafternoons, modernisation, nonabsorptive, nonmonetarist, normotensives, octogenarians, overextension, precognitions, preconditions, reconceptions, reconnections, reconvictions, refoundations, remonstration, renominations, repositioning, undershooting. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)53 65 72 6F 74 6F 6E 69 6E |
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Morse Code (1836) (references)... . .-. --- - --- -. .. -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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| Amazon.com BOOKS: Search for: "serotonin" |
