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Definition: Secure |
SecureAdjective1. Free from fear or doubt; easy in mind; "secure himself, he went out of his way to help others". 2. Free from danger or risk; "secure from harm"; "his fortune was secure"; "made a secure place for himself in his field". 3. Kept safe or defended from danger or injury or loss; "the most protected spot I could find". 4. Remote from any source of danger; "the children are out of danger here". 5. Not likely to fail or give way; "the lock was secure"; "a secure foundation"; "a secure hold on her wrist". 6. Able to withstand attack; "an impregnable fortress"; "fortifications that made the frontier inviolable". 7. Financially sound; "a good investment"; "a secure investment". Verb1. Get by special effort; "He procured extra cigarettes even though they were rationed". 2. Cause to be firmly attached; "fasten the lock onto the door"; "she fixed her gaze on the man". 3. Assure payment of. 4. Make certain of; "This nest egg will ensure a nice retirement for us"; "Preparation will guarantee success!". 5. Fill or close tightly with or as if with a plug; "plug the hole"; "stop up the leak". 6. Furnish with battens; of ships. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "secure" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Military & Defense | In an operational context, to gain possession of a position or terrain feature, with or without force, and to make such disposition as will prevent, as far as possible, its destruction or loss by enemy action. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A secure computing platform is designed so that those agents who should not be able to perform certain actions cannot do them, while those agents who should be able to perform certain actions can do them. The actions in question can be reduced to operations of access, modification and deletion.
It is important to understand that in a secure system, the legitimate users of that system are still able to do what they should be able to do. In the case of a computer system sequestered in a vault without any means of power or communication, the term 'secure' is applied in a pejorative sense only.
It is also important to distinguish the techniques employed to increase a system's security from the issue of that system's security status. In particular, systems which contain fundamental flaws in their security designs cannot be made secure without compromising their utility. Consequently, most computer systems cannot be made secure even after the application of extensive "computer security" measures.
There are two different cultures of security in computing. One focuses mainly on external threats, and generally treats the computer system itself as a trusted system. See the article computer insecurity for a description of the current state of the art in this approach.
Computer security by design
The other regards the computer system itself as largely an untrusted system, and redesigns it to make it more secure in a number of ways.
This technique enforces privilege separation, where an entity has only the privileges that are needed for its function. That way, even if an attacker has subverted one part of the system, fine-grained security ensures that it is just as difficult for them to subvert the rest.
Futhermore, by breaking the system up into smaller components, the complexity of individual components is reduced, opening up the possibility of using techniques such as automated theorem proving to prove the correctness of crucial software subsystems. Where formal correctness proofs are not possible, rigorous use of code review and unit testing measures can be used to try to make modules as secure as possible.
The design should use "defense in depth", where more than one subsystem needs to be compromised to compromise the security of the system and the information it holds. Subsystems should default to secure settings, and wherever possible should be designed to "fail secure" rather than "fail insecure" (see fail safe for the equivalent in safety engineering). Ideally, a secure system should require a deliberate, conscious, knowledgeable and free decision on the part of legitimate authorities in order to make it insecure.
In addition, security should not be an all-or-nothing issue. The designers and operators of systems should assume that security breaches are inevitable in the long term. Full audit trails should be kept of system activity, so that when a security breach occurs, the mechanism and extent of the breach can be determined. Finally, full disclosure helps to ensure that when bugs are found the "window of vulnerability" is kept as short as possible.
Early history of security by design
The early Multics operating system was notable for its early emphasis on computer security by design, and Multics was possibly the very first operating system to be designed as a secure system from the ground up. In spite of this, Multics security was broken, not once, but repeatedly. This led to further work on computer security that prefigured modern security engineering techniques.
Techniques for creating secure systems
The following techniques can be used in engineering secure systems. Note that these techniques, whilst useful, do not of themselves ensure security -- a security system is no stronger than its weakest link.
Cryptographic techniques can be used to defend data in transit between systems, reducing the probability that data exchanged between systems can be intercepted or modified.
Strong authentication techniques can be used to ensure that communication end-points are who they say they are.
Secure cryptoprocessors can be used to leverage physical security techniques into protecting the security of the computer system.
Chain of trust techniques can be used to attempt to ensure that all software loaded has been certified as authentic by the system's designers.
Mandatory access control can be used to ensure that privileged access is withdrawn when privileges are revoked. For example, deleting a user account should also stop any processes that are running with that user's privileges.
Capability and access control list techniques can be used to ensure privilege separation and mandatory access control. The next sections discuss their use.
Capabilities vs. ACLs
Within computer systems, the two fundamental means of enforcing privilege separation are access control lists (ACLs) and capabilities. The semantics of ACLs have been proven to be insecure in many situations (e.g., Confused Deputy Problem). It has also been shown that ACL's promise of giving access to an object to only one person can never be guaranteed in practice. Both of these problems are resolved by capabilities.
Unfortunately, for various historical reasons, capabilities have been restricted to research operating systems and commercial OSes still use ACLs.
The Cambridge CAP computer demonstrated the use of capabilities, both in hardware and software, in the 1970s, so this technology is hardly new. A reason for the lack of adoption of capabilities may be that ACLs appeared to offer a 'quick fix' for security without pervasive redesign of the operating system and hardware.
A good example of a current secure system is Eros.
Further reading
Computer security is a highly complex field, and it is relatively immature. The ever-greater amounts of money dependent on electronic information make protecting it a growing industry and an active research topic.
See also: security engineering, authentication, cryptology, cryptography, physical security, hacking, cracking, shellcodes, electronic underground community, Defensive programming, full disclosure, INFOSEC, COMSEC
References:
- Ross J. Anderson, Security Engineering: A Guide to Building Dependable Distributed Systems, ISBN 0471389226
- Bruce Schneier, Secrets & Lies: Digital Security in a Networked World, ISBN 0471253111
- David A. Wheeler, Secure Programming for Linux and Unix HOWTO (GFDL License)
- Paul A. Karger, Roger R. Schell. Thirty Years Later: Lessons from the Multics Security Evaluation. IBM white paper.
- Computer Security Fact Forum Framework
- Intro to Caps
- ACLs vs. Caps
- Intro to Cap Security
- Why aren't Caps and ACLs equivalent?
- Open Source Distributed Capabilities
- REST and capability-based security
- The Cambridge CAP capability-based computer architecture
- Online book: "Capability-Based Computer Systems" by Henry M. Levy
- Henry M. Levy - Capability-Based Computer Systems. Digital Press, Bedford, Massachusetts, 1984, ISBN 0932376223 (out of print -- text available online on author's website)
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Secure computing."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Unix security, maintaining a secure environment on Unix and Unix-like operating systems is dependant on design concepts of these operating systems, but vigilance through user and administrative techniques is important to maintain security also.This entry is currently in a scratch pad form - has lots of bones but no meat - im working on it - feel free to join in.
Design concepts
Permissions
A core security feature in these systems is the permissions system. All files in a typical Unix-style filesystem have permissions set enabling different access to a file.Permissions on a file are commonly seen through the ls command. For example:
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 745720 Sep 8 2002 /bin/shUnix permissions permit different users access to a file. Different user groups have different permissions on a file.
User groups
Users under Unix style operating systems often belong to managed groups with specific access permissions. This enables users to be grouped by the level of access they have to this system
Issues
Most Unix style systems have an account or group which enables a user to exact complete control over the system, often known as a root account. If access to this account is gained by an unwanted user, this results in a complete breach of the system. A root account however is necessary for administrative purposes, and for the above security reasons the root account is seldom used for day to day purposes, so further vigilance is able to be taken to root account usageUser and administrative techniques
Passowrds 1. Patching 2. Users and accounts 3. Services 4. File system security
Passwords
crack, john the ripper, dict attacks, nemonic techniques shadow/master.passwd crypt and MD5
users
delete old accounts su, sudo, wheel on bsd, /etc/securetty, ssh only, no root logins
Patching
source rpm based deb based freebsd ports and packages meta - apt, rhn, red carpetadd gentoo, slack, net + openbsd solaris + propriety (sco? who cares)
Services
only run what is needed remove the rest (even better do this at install - only choose necessary packages)
Identify what services are running netstat -na lsof nmap
on *bsd sockstat -4
inetd xinetd
turning off unnecessary services
using chkconfig on rh using /etc/rc.conf and /usr/local/etc/rc.d on freebsd (mention /etc/rc.local)
File system
rwe set-uid set-gid sticky
General
crypto layer 7 gpg/pgp layer 4 ssl/tsl/ssh/stunnel/smime layer 3 ipsec (pptp?)sniffers + plaintext tcpdump, ethereal
attacks monkey in the middle land ping of death xmas DoS et al.
Advanced
rootkits, kernel modules, chkrootkit exploit details, buffer overflows, local vs remote
Service details
banners smtp - spam sendmail - banners help header version etc. dns - reverse mapping dnssecSource: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Unix security."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
SECURE | English | Safe Environmentally Clean Urban Reactor | Nuclear Energy & Physics |
| SECORD | English | Secure voice cord board | Telecom |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: SecureSynonyms: dependable (adj), good (adj), impregnable (adj), inviolable (adj), out of danger(p) (adj), protected (adj), safe (adj), strong (adj), unafraid (adj), unassailable (adj), unattackable (adj), untroubled (adj), assure (v), batten (v), batten down (v), ensure (v), fasten (v), fix (v), guarantee (v), insure (v), plug (v), procure (v), stop up (v). (additional references) |
| Antonyms: insecure (adj), unprotected (adj), unfasten (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Acquisition | Find; come upon, pitch upon, light upon; scrape up, scrape together; get in, reap and carry, net, bag, sack, bring home, secure; derive, draw, get in the harvest. |
Belief | Adjective: believing; Verb: certain, sure, assured, positive,Adjective: believing; Verb: certain, sure, assured, positive, cocksure, satisfied, confident, unhesitating, convinced, secure. |
Earliness | Verb: be early; Adjective:, be beforehand; adVerb: keep time, take time by the forelock, anticipate, forestall; have the start, gain the start; steal a march upon; gain time, draw on futurity; bespeak, secure, engage, preengage. |
Hope | Adjective: hoping; Verb: in hopes; Noun: hopeful, confident; secure; (certain); sanguine, in good heart, buoyed up, buoyant, elated, flushed, exultant, enthusiastic; heartsome; utopian. |
Junction | Firm, fast, close, tight, taut, taught, secure, set, intervolved ; inseparable, indissoluble, insecable, severable. |
Attach, fix, affix, saddle on, fasten, bind, secure, clinch, twist, make fast; Adjective: tie, pinion, string, strap, sew, lace, tat, tack, knit, button, buckle, hitch, lash, truss, bandage, braid, splice, swathe, gird, tether, moor, picket, harness, chain; fetter; (restrain); lock, latch, belay, brace, hook, grapple, leash, couple, accouple, link, yoke, bracket; marry; (wed); bridge over, span. | |
Love | Excite love; win the heart, gain the heart, win the affections, gain the affections, secure the love, engage the affections; take the fancy of have a place in the heart, wind round the heart; attract, attach, endear, charm, fascinate, captivate, bewitch, seduce, enamor, enrapture, turn the head. |
Promise | Hold out an expectation; contract an obligation; become bound to, become sponsor for; answer for, be answerable for; secure; give security; underwrite. |
Restraint | Enchain; fasten; (join); fetter, shackle; entrammel; bridle, muzzle, hopple, gag, pinion, manacle, handcuff, tie one's hands, hobble, bind hand and foot; swathe, swaddle; pin down, tether; picket; tie down, tie up; secure; forge fetters; disable, hamstring (incapacitate). |
Retention | Secure, withhold, detain; hold back, keep back; keep close; husband; (store); reserve; have in stock, have on hand, keep in stock; (possess); entail, tie up, settle. |
Safety | Make safe, render safe; Adjective:; protect; take care of; (care); preserve; cover, screen, shelter, shroud, flank, ward; guard; (defend); secure; (restrain); entrench, intrench, fence round; (circumscribe); house, nestle, ensconce; take charge of. |
Adjective: safe, secure, sure; in safety, in security; on the safe side; under the shield of, under the shade of, under the wing of, under the shadow of one's wing; under cover, under lock and key; out of danger, out of the woods, out of the meshes, out of harm's way; unharmed, unscathed; on sure ground, at anchor, high and dry, above water; unthreatened, unmolested; protected; Verb: cavendo tutus; panoplied; (defended). | |
Success | Gain a point, attain a point, carry a point, secure a point, win a point, win an object; get there; manage to, contrive to; accomplish; (effect, complete); do wonders, work wonders; make a go of it. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Secure |
| Specialty definitions using "secure": HyperText Transmission Protocol, Secure ♦ Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, Secure Shell, Secure Sockets Layer. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "secure": Ty-all. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Secure" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Latin (authority, ax, ax battle, blow, chopper, domain, free from care, hatchet, safe, secure, sovereignty, supremacy, untroubled, vine-dresser's blade), Romanian (ax, axe, halberd, Halbert, hatchet). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | It may be difficult to secure your release (Star Wars: Episode II - Attack of the Clones; writing credit: George Lucas) It takes a very secure man to walk like that (Miss Congeniality; writing credit: Marc Lawrence; Katie Ford) If you shoot too high and miss, everybody feels more secure. You've put the investigation back months (All the President's Men; writing credit: Carl Bernstein; Bob Woodward) He mortgaged everything he owns, right down to his underwear, to secure a loan from the bank (Pretty Woman; writing credit: J.F. Lawton) I think you will find everything is more than in order, Sir. You are now entering the most secure place in the whole of England (Johnny English; writing credit: Neal Purvis; Robert Wade) | |
Lyrics | Bring you fears stay secure (Left & Right Featuring Method Man And Redman; performing artist: D'Angelo) 'Cause your love makes me feel so secure (Because Of Love; performing artist: Janet Jackson) I've never had the kind of love that made me feel secure (24/7; performing artist: Kevon Edmonds) Everything else secure (Underneath It All; performing artist: No Doubt) Cause I feel so secure when we're together (Can't Fight This Feeling; performing artist: REO Speedwagon) | |
Clever | First secure an independent income, then practice virtue. (references; author: Greek Proverb) | |
Movie/TV Titles | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
![]() | Grappling hook to secure BISP to cable prior to recovery BISP - Benthic Interface Sensing Package On NOAA Ship PEIRCE. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. | ![]() | Preparing current meters to secure to tethered mooring during Gulf Stream eddy studies from the NOAA Ship ALBATROSS IV. Credit: Fisheries. |
![]() | Working together to secure the harvest of shrimp off the THREE SONS. Credit: Fisheries. | ![]() | A coral fragment is cross-wired to keep it secure in the high energy environment at the fringing reef at Mona Island. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
![]() | A diver uses a pneumatic drill to create a hole in the reef framework to secure loose coral fragments. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. | ![]() | Workers fit the ladder into place and secure it into the notched dam. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
![]() | Divers secure MAKALII to the LRT barge before surfacing. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP). | ![]() | Nested pipes, one within another, provide more secure habitat for these three species of black trigger fish, Melichthys vidua, spiny puffer, Diodon hystrix, and squirrel fish, Myripristis sp. yellow tang surgeon fish, Zebrasoma flavescens. This type of. Credit: The Coral Kingdom. |
![]() | Preparing to secure the McARTHUR's gangway at Key West. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. | ![]() | "Sweat equity" workers Josie richardson (l) and Hiram Reed secure drywall material to the ceiling of one of the self help homes under construction in Indianola, MS. Credit: USDA. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
![]() | ![]() |
| "Safe and secure" by raznov Commentary: "Closeup of an old bank safe. might be good for e-commere sites. enjoy!." | "Restauration" by Jesse Braun Commentary: "Restauration of an old building in den haag they secure the front historical part with a metal construction." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
| Shut; close; secure. | Safety; security; electronics; automobile; car; lock; alarm; key; key chain; beep beep; secure; securing; locking. | ||
| Lock; bolt; latch; secure; key; going out. | |||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Andrew Jackson | You must pay the price if you wish to secure the blessing. |
Benjamin Disraeli | No government can be long secure without a formidable Opposition. |
| Power has only one duty --to secure the social welfare of the People. | |
Benjamin Franklin | He that's secure is not safe. |
Daniel Webster | The past at least is secure. |
Greek Proverb | First secure an independent income, then practice virtue. |
Maximilien de Robespierre | Terror is nothing else than justice, prompt, secure and inflexible! |
Noah Webster | Wherever public spirit prevails, liberty is secure. |
Ralph Waldo Emerson | Nothing is secure but life, transition, the energizing spirit. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Magna Carta | 1215 | All merchants shall have safe and secure exit from England, and entry to England, with the right to tarry there and to move about as well by land as by water, for buying and selling by the ancient and right customs, quit from all evil tolls, except (in time of war) such merchants as are of the land at war with us. (reference) |
John Locke | 1690 | The reason whereof is plain; because the one using force, which threatened my life, I could not have time to appeal to the law to secure it: and when it was gone, it was too late to appeal. (Second Treatise of Government) |
US Declaration of Independence | 1776 | That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. (reference) |
US Constitution | 1791 | We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. (reference) |
US Bill of Rights | 1795 | Amendment IV. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. (reference) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | A part of the bourgeoisie is desirous of redressing social grievances, in order to secure the continued existence of bourgeois society. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | Germany shall draw up the necessary regulations to secure and guarantee such freedom of transit over such railways and waterways in her territory as normally give access to the free zone. (reference) |
Winston S. Churchill | 1946 | We understand the Russian need to be secure on her western frontiers by the removal of all possibility of German aggression. ("Iron Curtain" Speech) |
John F. Kennedy | 1961 | Let both sides unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah--to "undo the heavy burdens [and] let the oppressed go free." And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor, not a new balance of power, but a new world of law, where the strong are just and the weak secure and the peace preserved. (reference) |
Miranda v. Arizona | 1966 | The prosecution may not use statements, whether exculpatory or inculpatory, stemming from questioning initiated by law enforcement officers after a person has been taken into custody or otherwise deprived of his freedom of action in any significant way, unless it demonstrates the use of procedural safeguards effective to secure the Fifth Amendment's privilege against self-incrimination. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | Her situation should secure your compassion |
Sylvie and Bruno Concluded | Carroll, Lewis | Any College, that wished to secure some specially clever young man, had to waylay him at the Station, and hunt him through the streets |
Imitation of Horace | John Dryden | Happy the man, and happy he alone, He who can call to-day his own; He who, secure within, can say, To-morrow, do thy worst, for I have liv'd to-day |
King Richard III | Shakespeare, William | Think you, but that I know our state secure, I would be so triumphant as I am |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | For severe cases of stress incontinence, the surgeon may secure the bladder with a wide sling. (references) | |
Many data suggest that deficient nutrition in pregnancy carries with it a high risk of fetal damage or loss. This is of particular concern because as many as 80 percent of patients having weight reduction surgery are women of childbearing age. In view of the uncertain frequency and effects on fetal development of rapid weight loss, micro- or macronutrient deficiency, or other metabolic sequelae of these procedures, secure birth control methods should be provided for these patients during this period of weight loss. They should be informed that maternal malnutrition may impair normal fetal development. (references) | ||
Business | Dozens of manufacturers have managed to secure ISO 9000 certification. (references) | |
AIDC was founded to secure an aerospace manufacturing capability in Taiwan. (references) | ||
It is generally extremely difficult to secure an appointment with a national daily. (references) | ||
Children | Bolivia | Many children, particularly from rural areas, lack the birth certificates and identity documents they need to secure social benefits and protection. (references) |
Lebanon | Most efforts to secure education, independence, health, and shelter for persons with disabilities are made by approximately 100 private organizations. (references) | |
Latvia | The center also has a forensic interview room where victims can be interviewed in a secure environment and their testimony directly transmitted to a courtroom. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Mexico | To visit the country for religious purposes, foreign religious workers must secure government permission. (references) |
United Kingdom | An independent press, an effective judiciary, and a functioning democratic political system combine to secure freedom of speech and of the press. (references) | |
Cuba | These medical professionals were granted immigrant status by other countries, but the Ministry of Health had refused to grant them permission to secure exit permits. (references) | |
Discrimination | Fiji | A compact included in the Constitution specifically provides for affirmative action and "social justice" programs to secure effective equality of access to opportunities, amenities, and services for ethnic Fijians and Rotumans and for all disadvantaged citizens and groups. (references) |
Economic History | Hong Kong | Hong Kong is politically stable and secure. (references) |
Costa Rica | One challenge will be how to secure payment for these exports. (references) | |
Human Rights | Austria | No progress was made during the year to secure Sanchez's extradition. (references) |
Cambodia | Persons without the means to secure defense counsel often effectively are denied the right to a fair trial. (references) | |
Cameroon | The organization worked with the prosecutor's office to secure the release of approximately 100 of the most egregious cases. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Australia | In July 2000, the U.N. Human Rights Commission stated that Australia should do more to secure for indigenous citizens a stronger role in decisionmaking over their traditional lands and natural resources. (references) |
Minorities | Fiji | Many Indo-Fijians, particularly farmers, believe that the absence of secure land tenure discriminates against them. (references) |
India | Members of each caste--and frequently each subcaste--are expected to fulfill a specific set of duties (known as dharma) in order to secure elevation to a higher caste through rebirth. (references) | |
Political Economy | FINLAND | The key task in structural policy is to secure prerequisites for employment-oriented stable economic growth. (references) |
Oman | Both countries share an interest in maintaining political stability in the area, and keeping open and secure the Strait of Hormuz. (references) | |
KUWAIT | These are offset by lengthy bureaucratic procedures, and for foreigners, high tax rates and complex procedures to secure work visas. (references) | |
Political Rights | Saint Kitts and Nevis | In accordance with its rights under the Constitution, in 1996 the Nevis Assembly initiated steps towards secession from the Federation, the most recent being a referendum in 1998 that failed to secure the required two-thirds majority for secession. (references) |
Trade | Honduras | Financing is not available for projects that can secure adequate financing from commercial sources. (references) |
Japan | Some smaller firms report that they have been forced to secure needed financing from offshore sources. (references) | |
Travel | Ghana | Cars should always be parked in well lit, secure parking lots. (references) |
Ukraine | CS Kyiv strongly recommends that business travelers secure all documents prior to entering Ukraine. (references) | |
Brazil | US Commercial or Consular officers are unable to secure relief for anyone arriving without a valid visa. (references) | |
Women | Samoa | The Ministry of Women's Affairs oversees and helps secure the rights of women; during the year, it was increasingly active on the problem of domestic violence. (references) |
Worker Rights | India | Unaffiliated unions are not able, in all instances, to secure for themselves the protections and rights provided by law. (references) |
Cambodia | Civil service salaries also were insufficient to provide a decent standard of living, requiring government officials to secure outside sources of income. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | CONSUL, n. In American politics, a person who having failed to secure and office from the people is given one by the Administration on condition that he leave the country. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Margaret Thatcher | The difficulties we face are formidable, but our determination to secure a just solution is relentless, and in that I believe we have the whole country with us. |
Mark Shields | Don Evans, you and President Bush have both emphasized over and over that you want to restore the public's confidence and comfort in flying again, that it's safe and secure. |
Priscilla Presley | Very strong. He's his own person. Very secure. Very solid. He's very understanding. And it's been good for me. It's the only relationship that I've had that's really, you know, been that solid. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
George Washington | 1789-1797 | Allow me, moreover, to hope that it will be a favorite policy with you, not merely to secure a payment of the interest of the debt funded, but as far and as fast as the growing resources of the country will permit to exonerate it of the principal itself. |
Thomas Jefferson | 1801-1809 | The commerce with the Indians, too, within our own boundaries is likely to receive abundant aliment from the same internal source, and will secure to them peace and the progress of civilization, undisturbed by practices hostile to both. |
Herbert C. Hoover | 1929-1933 | One civilization after another has been wrecked upon the attempt to secure sufficient leadership from a single group or class. |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | Steadfast in our faith in the Almighty, we will advance toward a world where man's freedom is secure. |
Dwight Eisenhower | 1953-1961 | Seeking to secure peace in the world, we have had to fight through the forests of the Argonne, to the shores of Iwo Jima, and to the cold mountains of Korea. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | For all of our people, we will set as our goal the decent order that makes progress possible and our lives secure. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | Our liberties are secure. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Confident in our future, and secure in our values, Americans are striving forward to embrace the future. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | When Europe is stable, prosperous and at peace, America is more secure. |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | Now, as before, we will secure our nation, protect our freedom, and help others to find freedom of their own. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Secure" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 48.67% of the time. "Secure" is used about 4,624 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 48.67% | 2,251 | 3,921 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 38.93% | 1,800 | 4,700 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 12.4% | 573 | 11,009 |
| Total | 100.00% | 4,624 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| United Kingdom | Secure Trust Banking Group PLC | USA | Secure Computing Corporation |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "secure": feel secure of victory ♦ make secure ♦ make smb. feel secure ♦ secure a room ♦ secure arms ♦ secure by patent ♦ Secure Customs Enforcement Network ♦ secure foundation ♦ secure from ♦ secure from all dangers ♦ secure from attack ♦ secure future ♦ secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions ♦ secure oneself ♦ secure oneself against ♦ secure privacy ♦ secure Shell ♦ secure Sockets Layer ♦ secure success ♦ secure the door. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "secure": secure-and, secure-line. | |
Ending with "secure": non-secure, re-secure. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "secure"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | veilig (harmless, safe), vasstel (affix, attach, determine, fasten, fix, make, make fast), vasmaak (affix, attach, determine, fasten, fix, make, make fast), bepaal (affix, attach, command, confine, define, determine, fasten, fix, limit, make, make fast, order, qualify, restrict, set, set conditions, stipulate, tell), behoue (safe). (various references) | |
Albanian | siguroj (acquire, assure, avouch, bear, certify, come by, cover, ensure, find, fit out, furnish, guy, haven, house, indemnify, insure, keep, lock up, obtain, procure, provide, purvey, reassure, satisfy, supply, take care of, underwrite, vouch, warrant, win), shtie në dorë (get into, lay one's hands on, master, nail down, seize on), ruaj (bear, conserve, cure, enshrine, guard, hold, hug, keep, lay up, maintain, police, preserve, protect, put by, reserve, retain, safeguard, save, shield, spare, spin out, tend, ware, watch, watch over), në vend të sigurt, mbyll mirë, i sigurt (assertive, assured, certain, clear, confident, dead, dependable, fast, firm, foolproof, indubitable, infallible, positive, reliable, reliant, safe, sound, sterling, sure, trusty, unerring), i qetë (at ease, balanced, calm, canny, collected, comfortable, comfy, composed, cool, cool-headed, dispassionate, easeful, equable, even, even-minded, halcyon, laid back, level, level headed, mild, noiseless, orderly, Pacific, passionless, peaceable, peaceful, placid, quiescent, quiet, reposeful, retired, sedate, self possessed, serene, settled, silent, smooth, sober-blooded, stationary, still, stilly, tranquil, unconcern, unconcerned, uneventful, unruffled), i mbyllur mirë (lockfast), i fiksuar mirë, fiksoj (affix, arrange, assign, clinch, fasten, fix, freeze, hang, impress, Mount, nail, pin down, pose, print, set, settle, stabilize). (various references) | |
Arabic | في مكان آمن, كفل (ass, backside, bottom, butt, buttock, buttocks, ensure, guarantee, guaranty, insure, pledge, posterior, prat, rump, sponsor, vouch), منيع (forbidding, immune, impenetrable, impervious, impregnable, inexpugnable, invincible, invulnerable, strong, unapproachable), محكم (airtight, coherent, compact, fast, firm, hermetic, impermeable, impervious, precise, solid, strong, tight, well knit), متين (able bodied, consistent, durable, enduring, firm, lasting, robust, safe, solid, sound, stabile, staunch, stout, strong, sturdy, substantial, tough), مطمئن (at ease, calm, peaceful, quiet, reassured, safe, tranquil, unconcerned), مأمون (safe), واثق (assured, certain, clear, confident, convinced, doubtless, in the bag, reliant, safe, sterling), حكم القفل, حصل (acquire, angle, get, obtain, procure), تحصل (gain, obtain, procure, snaffle, take out), سلم (accept, admit, agree, allow, commit, consign, deliver, give in, grant, hand over, hierarchy, ladder, postulate, presume, recognize, render, resign, rung, salaam, salute, scale, stair, staircase, stairway, submit, transmit, turn in, turn over), ضمن (assure, avouch, embody, enclose, ensure, farm out, guarantee, inclose, include, inside, insure, sponsor, vouch, within), ثبت (affirm, anchor, assure, aver, belay, belt, bend, bite, bolt, bolt on, brace, cable, catch, chock, confirm, corroborate, countersign, demonstrate, display, endure, establish, evince, fastening, fix, lash, last, pin down, plant, prove, reinforce, set, spike, stabilize, stay, steady, stick, strengthen, substantiate, testify, validate, verify, warrant), ربط (attach, attachment, bind, connect, couple, faster, hitch, interface, involve, join, knit, knitting, lash, lash down, ligature, link, moor, relate, rope, set, slur, strap, swaddle, tether, tying, unite). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | намирам (be found, detect, discover, find, fit in, found, get, hit, hunt out, judge, land, locate, look up, raise, regard, root out, root up, run down, rustle up, scare up, see, strike, track down, turn up), добре затворен, подсигурен (assured), подсигурявам (assure), постигам (accomplish, achieve, acquire, come, compass, effect, effectuate, get, notch up, reach, realize, turn, turn in, work out), арестувам (apprehend, arrest, attach, bring in, bust, impound, nab, nail, nip, pick up, pinch, pull, rap, restrain, round up, run in, seize, take in, take up), здрав (blooming, durable, entire, fast, fit, flourishing, flush, good, hard, healthful, healthy, hearty, hefty, invulnerable, lasting, laudable, lusty, nervous, nervy, reliable, right, robust, rubbery, rude, rugged, safe, salubrious, seaworthy, serviceable, sinewy, sleek, sober, sound, stalwart, stanch, staunch, steady, stout, strapping, strong, sturdy, substantial, sure footed, taintless, tenacious, thickset, uncorrupted, up to the mark, vigorous, well, well-conditioned, without scathe), запазвам (hold over, keep, maintain, preserve, protect, reserve, retain, save, set aside), залоствам здраво, завързвам (bend, contract, fasten, gripe, knit, lash down, make fast, moor, tie up), закрепям здраво, затварям здраво, застрахован (assured, insured), добре закрепен, надежден (dependable, hopeful, likely, reliable, responsible, sterling, straight, sure), укрепявам (bank, embank, entrench, fortify, strengthen, truss), обезпечавам (assure, cover, guarantee, insure, provide, suit, support), осигурявам (assure, cover, ensure, indemnify, insure, provide, stipulate), осигурявам си (make certain of, procure), в безопасност (safe), връзвам здраво (seize), гарантирам (assure, engage, entrench, insure, intrench, safeguard, underwrite, warrant), траен (abiding, durable, enduring, fast, keeping, lasting, secular, serviceable, settled, stable, standing, steadfast, stout, substantive), сигурен (bound, certain, confident, copper-bottomed, dependable, good, infallible, necessary, positive, reliable, responsible, safe, solid, steady, sure, tried, trustworthy, trusty, undoubted, unfailing, unfaltering), спокоен (arcadian, calm, clear, collected, contented, cool, dreamy, easeful, easy, equable, equal, even tempered, even-minded, halcyon, immovable, impassive, imperturbable, leisurely, level, nerveless, peaceful, philosophical, piping, placid, quiet, reposeful, restful, sedate, self possessed, self-collected, settled, smooth, soft, staid, steady, steady-going, still, stirless, unalarmed, unbuttoned, unconcerned, undisturbed, uneventful, unflappable, unmolested, unruffled, untroubled), снабдявам се с (obtain), солиден (lusty, massive, massy, portly, pucka, pukka, rugged, solid, sound, steady, sterling, substantial, trustworthy, valid), уверен (assured, certain, confident, positive, reliant, sure, sure footed, unfaltering, unwavering), на сигурно място. (various references) | |
Chinese | 安全 (safe, safety, security). (various references) | |
Czech | získat (acquire, cajole, capture, carry off, come by, conciliate, drum up, elicit, enlist, gain, get, make, notch up, obtain, pick up, piece up, procure, pull, raise, score, take, win), zaruèit (assure, guarantee, hypothecate), zajistit (assure, detain, ensure, make certain, make sure, pot, provide, safeguard, vindicate), zabezpeèit (safeguard), vyrovnaný (balanced, close, composed, equable, even, even tempered, good tempered, self possessed, serene, stable, well balanced), upevnit (anchor, confine, consolidate, fasten, fix, forge, infix, make up, moor, picket, plant, plant in, rivet, ship, solidify, Spike, steady, strengthen), pevný (adamant, compact, concrete, consistent, deep-seated, durable, energetic, fast, firm, fixed, good, hard set, hardwearing, heavy duty, immovable, ingrained, meaty, proof, resilient, resolute, solid, sound, stable, steadfast, steady, stout, strong, sturdy, substantial, sure, unmoved, unswerving, unyielding, valid), pevnì zavřít, přivázat |