Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Scurvy |
ScurvyAdjective1. Of the most contemptible kind; "abject cowardice"; "a low stunt to pull"; "a low-down sneak"; "his miserable treatment of his family"; "You miserable skunk!"; "a scummy rabble"; "a scurvy trick". Noun1. A condition caused by deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "scurvy" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1350. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Health | A deficiency disease due to lack of vitamin C in the diet. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Scurvy is a disease that results from insufficient intake of vitamin C and leads to the formation of livid spots on the skin, spongy gums and bleeding from almost all mucous membranes. The spots are most abundant on the thighs and legs, and a person with the ailment looks pale, feels depressed, and is partially immobilized. Scurvy was at one time common among sailors whose ships were out to sea longer than perishable fruits and vegetables could be stored and by soldiers who were similarly separated from these foods for extended periods.
Symptoms include:
It takes about three months of vitamin C deprivation to begin inducing the symptoms of scurvy. Untreated scurvy is always fatal, but since all that is required for full recovery is the resumption of normal vitamin C intake, death by scurvy is rare in modern times.
- weakness
- joint pain
- black-and-blue marks on the skin
- gum disease
- corkscrew hairs
Scurvy was probably first observed as a disease by Hippocrates. In the 13th century the Crusaders suffered from scurvy frequently, and it has inflicted terrible losses on both besieged and besieger in times of war. Scurvy was one of the limiting factors of marine travel, often killing large numbers of the passengers and crew on long-distance voyages. It even played a significant role in World War I. The plant known as "scurvy grass" acquired its name from the observation that it cured scurvy, but this was of no great help to those who spent months at sea: the discovery by James Lind of treatment and prevention of scurvy by supplementation of the diet with citrus fruit such as lemons and limess led directly to the discovery of vitamins.
In modern society, scurvy is rarely present in adults. However, vitamin C is destroyed by the process of pasteurization, so babies fed with bottled milk sometimes suffer from scurvy if they are not provided with adequate vitamin supplements (breast milk contains sufficient vitamin C to prevent scurvy on its own).
External links
- Vitamin C and Scurvy
- Captain Cook and the Scourge of Scurvy
- Scurvy
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Scurvy."
Synonyms: ScurvySynonyms: abject (adj), low (adj), low-down (adj), miserable (adj), scummy (adj). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Improbity | Contemptible, unrespectable, abject, mean, shabby, little, paltry, dirty, scurvy, scabby, sneaking, groveling, scrubby, rascally, pettifogging; beneath one. |
Insufficiency | Scant; (small); scarce; not to be had, not to be had for love or money, not to be had at any price; scurvy; stingy; at the end of one's tether; without resources; in want; (poor); in debt. |
Uncleanness | Decayed, moldy, musty, mildewed, rusty, moth-eaten, mucid, rancid, weak, bad, gone bad, etercoral, lentiginous, touched, fusty, effete, reasty, rotten, corrupt, tainted, high, flyblown, maggoty; putrid, putrefactive, putrescent, putrefied; saprogenic, saprogenous; purulent, carious, peccant; fecal, feculent; stercoraceous, scurfy, scurvy, impetiginous; gory, bloody; rotting; Verb: rotten as a pear, rotten as cheese. |
Unimportance | Poor, paltry, pitiful; contemptible; (contempt); sorry, mean, meager, shabby, miserable, wretched, vile, scrubby, scrannel, weedy, scurvy, putid, beggarly, worthless, twopennyhalfpenny, cheap, trashy, catchpenny, gimcrack, trumpery; one-horse. not worth the pains, not worth while, not worth mentioning, not worth speaking of, not worth a thought, not worth a curse, not worth a straw; Noun: beneath notice, unworthy of notice, beneath regard, unworthy of regard, beneath consideration, unworthy of consideration; de lana caprina; vain; (useless). |
Vice | Base, sinister, scurvy, foul, gross, vile, black, grave, facinorous, felonious, nefarious, shameful, scandalous, infamous, villainous, of a deep dye, heinous; flagrant, flagitious; atrocious, incarnate, accursed. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Scurvy |
| English words defined with "scurvy": abject, Antiscorbutic, ascorbic acid ♦ Cochlearia officinalis, common scurvy grass ♦ Horse-radish ♦ low, low-down ♦ miserable ♦ Scorbute, scorbutic, Scorbutical, Scorbutus, scummy, Scurviness, scurvy grass, Spoonwort ♦ vitamin C. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "scurvy": DUEL ♦ Gonin ♦ HONORABLE ♦ Jack-a-napes. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "scurvy": Scorbute. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Well, it doesn't, Mr. Potter! In the whole vast configuration of things, I'd say you were nothing but a scurvy little spider (It's a Wonderful Life; writing credit: Philip Van Doren Stern; Frances Goodrich) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Music |
|
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
Scorbutic-type gums due to Scurvy caused by vitamin C deficiency. Credit: CDC. | ![]() | [Back view of a male scurvy victim]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. | |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
William Shakespeare | Get thee glass eyes, and like a scurvy politician, seem to see the things thou dost not. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | DUEL, n. A formal ceremony preliminary to the reconciliation of two enemies. Great skill is necessary to its satisfactory observance; if awkwardly performed the most unexpected and deplorable consequences sometimes ensue. A long time ago a man lost his life in a duel. That dueling's a gentlemanly vice I hold; and wish that it had been my lot To live my life out in some favored spot -- Some country where it is considered nice To split a rival like a fish, or slice A husband like a spud, or with a shot Bring down a debtor doubled in a knot And ready to be put upon the ice. Some miscreants there are, whom I do long To shoot, to stab, or some such way reclaim The scurvy rogues to better lives and manners, I seem to see them now -- a mighty throng. It looks as if to challenge me they came, Jauntily marching with brass bands and banners! Xamba Q. Dar |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Scurvy" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 57.89% of the time. "Scurvy" is used about 19 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 57.89% | 11 | 106,044 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 42.11% | 8 | 124,375 |
| Total | 100.00% | 19 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "scurvy": alpine scurvy ♦ common scurvy grass ♦ scurvy grass. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "scurvy": scurvy-grass. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
scurvy | 208 |
picture scurvy | 13 |
frank paul scurvy | 9 |
scurvy symptom | 9 |
scurvy disease | 6 |
cove scurvy | 3 |
health oral scurvy | 3 |
pirate scurvy | 3 |
scurvy treatment | 3 |
dog scurvy | 3 |
guinea pig scurvy | 2 |
bastard scurvy | 2 |
disease picture scurvy | 2 |
christopher columbus scurvy | 2 |
history scurvy | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "scurvy"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | skorbut, i ulët (base, contemptible, dark, deep, down, gentle, give away, humble, ignoble, infamous, low, low down, low lying, lowly, mean, modest, nasty, nefarious, petty, primary, rascally, scrubby, shoddy, subdued, vile, villainous, vulgar), i poshtër (beggarly, blackguardly, caitiff, dastardly, dirt, ignoble, infamous, mean, miscreant, nasty, nefarious, picayune, rammish, scoundrelly, sneaking, sneaky). (various references) | |
Arabic | وضيع (contemptible, cowardly, grubby, humble, inferior, low, low-grade, lowly, mean, menial, scabby, scaly, scruffy, slavish, slight, snide, vile), حقير (abject, base, beggarly, blackguardly, cheap, despicable, dingy, dirty, frowzy, grubby, ignoble, inferior, insignificant, lousy, low, low down, lowly, mean, menial, niggling, paltry, pettifogger, petty, pip squeak, pitiable, pitiful, poor, popinjay, rotten, scabby, scaly, scoundrelly, scruffy, scummy, servile, shabby, shoddy, slavish, slim, slushy, small minded, snide, sod, squalid, swine, tacky, trifling, ungracious, unworthy, varmint, vile, villainous, worthless, wretched), دنئ (currish, loon, low down, mean, obsequious, rank, seamy, servile, sleazy, stinking), داء الاسقريوط. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | скорбут, низък (abject, base, contemptible, degraded, ignoble, low down, low-minded, mangy, mean, mean-spirited, miscreant, paltry, scaly, unworthy, vile, villainous, yellow), подъл (base, blackguardly, caitiff, creeping, dastardly, devilish, diabolic, diabolical, dirt, dirty, dishonorable, dishonourable, jesuitic, jesuitical, low, low down, low-minded, mean, mean-spirited, miscreant, recreant, reptile, shabby, snaky, sneaking, sneaky, snide, vile, villainous), долен (abject, base, bottom, contemptible, currish, ignoble, ignominious, infamous, inferior, iniquitous, low, lower, low-grade, mangy, mean, mean-spirited, rascal, ratty, reptile, rotten, scaly, shady, under, unworthy, vile, villainous). (various references) | |
Chinese | 坏血病. (various references) | |
Czech | skorbut, kurdìje, hanebný (deplorable, discreditable, disgraceful, dishonorable, dishonourable, heinous, horrendous, ignoble, ignominious, nasty, nefarious, shameful, sordid, squalid, unspeakable, vile, villainous), bídný (abject, bad, eagre, low down, mean, miserable, pitiful, sordid, squalid, wretched). (various references) | |
Danish | skoerbug (scorbutus), scorbut (scorbutus). (various references) | |
Dutch | scorbuut (scorbutus), scorbutus (scorbutus), scheurbuik (scorbutus). (various references) | |
Farsi | پوشیده ازشوره , منفور (Cussed, Hateful, Loathloth, Obnoxious, Outcast, Ungracious, Unpopular), کمبودویتامینC . (various references) | |
Finnish | keripukki. (various references) | |
French | scorbut (scorbutus). (various references) | |
German | Skorbut (scorbutus), gemein (abject, abominable, base, basely, beastly, bitchy, caitiff, cheap, coarse, common, cussedly, dirty, disreputable, foul, horrid, horridly, infamous, invidious, joint, low, lower case, malicious, maliciously, mean, meanly, miscreant, miserable, miserably, nastily, nasty, paltry, rascally, reptilian, rotten, scurillously, scurvily, sordid, spiteful, squalid, squalidly, ugly, unkind, unkindly, vicious, vile, vilely, villainous, vulgar, wicked). (various references) | |
Greek | σκορβούτο. (various references) | |
Hebrew | צפ"י ", 'וע בצפ"י ". (various references) | |
Hungarian | skorbut, aljas (blackguard, caitiff, dastardly, depraved, despicable, dirty mean, felon, flagitious, foul, grovelling, infamous, knavish, low down, nefarious, perfidious, scrounging, scummy, scurvied, shabby, sordid, villainous). (various references) | |
Italian | scorbuto (scorbutus). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 壊血病 (scorbutic, scorbutus), 壊血病 . (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | かいけつびょう. (various references) | |
Korean | 괴혈병. (various references) | |
Manx | gorley carragh, carragh (carious, crazy, rocky, rough, scab, scurfy), brooan marrey. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | urvyscay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | escorbuto (scorbutus). (various references) | |
Romanian | scorbut, ticãlos (a bad egg, base, cad, canting, cur, dark, dirty, felon, foul, heel, hound, impious, kite, knave, knavish, knavishly, low-minded, mean, meanly, miscreant, paltry, perverse, picaroon, rapscallion, rascal, rascally, recreant, reprobate, ruffian, scab, scabby, scamp, scoundrel, serpentine, shabby, skunk, sneak, sneaking, vile, villain, villainous, wretch, wretched), respingãtor (abhorrent, awful, awfully, disagreeable, dreadful, dreadfully, forbidding, foul, fulsome, hideous, infamous, obnoxious, obscene, odious, odiousness, offensive, pestilent, rebarbative, repellent, repulsive, repulsively, unprepossessing, verminous), josnic (abject, base, base-minded, despicable, dirty, grovelling, grubby, infamous, little, low, low-minded, mean, meanly, nasty, paltry, scurrilous, shabby, slavish, sordid, sordidly, vile), dezgustãtor (abominable, disgusting, fulsome, loathsome, loathsomely, nasty, nauseous, obscene, odious, odiously, offensive, repugnant, repulsive, sickening, unsavory, unsavoury, vile). (various references) | |
Russian | цинга подлый, цинга, низкий (deep, dishonourable, give away, hangdog, ignoble, infamous, keen, lousy, low, low down, lowly, mean, nefarious, picayune, poor, scummy, short, stinkard, vile, wormy), презренный (abject, caitiff, contemptible, despicable, measly). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | skorbut, prljav (dingy, dirty, drossy, feculent, filthy, foul, grimy, impure, muck, mucky, sordid, squalid, unclean), podao (abject, caitiff, knavish, lousy, low down, vile). (various references) | |
Spanish | escorbuto. (various references) | |
Swedish | tarvlig (cheap, common, frugal, ignoble, low down, paltry, seamy, shabby, vulgar), skörbjugg. (various references) | |
Turkish | pislik (contamination, crap, crud, dinginess, dirt, dirtiness, excrement, excreta, faecal matter, faeces, feculence, filth, filthiness, foulness, gook, griminess, impurity, jerk, mess, mire, muck, nastiness, offscourings, ordure, pollution, scum, smear, smut, soil, sordidness, squalor, uncleanliness), iskorbüt hastalığı (scorbutic), aşağılık (abject, base, baseness, contemptible, dirty, groveling, grovelling, ignoble, ignominious, inferiority, low down, lowness, mean, no class, no good, pettiness, petty, rascally, reptilian, scabby, slavish, snotty, sordid, tinpot, unutterable, unworthy, vile, wicked, wormy). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | цинга (scorbute), невихований (boorish, chuffy, discourteous, ill bred, ill mannered, uncultured, unnurtured), мерзотник (caitiff, nithing), підлий (babylonian, base, base-born, beggarly, caddish, caitiff, cheap, dastard, dastardly, dishonorable, dishonourable, grimy, hangdog, hoggish, ignoble, low down, mean-spirited, nefarious, niddering, picayune, rascal, reprobate, scabbed, scoundrel, scummy, small, sneaking, sneaky, vile, yellow dog), покритий лупою (scurfy). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | hèn hạ (abject, base, basely, blithering, despicable, dirtily, dirty, dishonourable, meanly, picayune, poor, scabbily, shabby, vile), đê tiện (abject, contemptible, hangdog, ignoble, ignominious, lousily, plebeian, scabbily, scabby, scaly, servile, shabby, small), đáng khinh (contemptible, dirty, picayune, scaly, threepenny, unworthy). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Late Latin | 300-700 | psoriasis. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Leviticus Chapter 21, Verse 20 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | H kurtoV h efhloV h ptiloV touV ofqalmouV h anqrwpoV w an h en autw ywra agria h lichn h monorciV |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Si gibbus si lippus si albuginem habens in oculo si iugem scabiem si inpetiginem in corpore vel hirniosus |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | If crokid rigge, or bleer eyed; if whijt perle hauynge in the eye; if contynuel scab; if a drye scab in the body; or brosten. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Or croke backed, or perleyed, or gogeleyed, or maunge or skaulde or hath his stones broken. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Or crookbacked, or a dwarf, or that hath a blemish in his eye, or be scurvy, or scabbed, or hath his stones broken; |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Or crooked-backed, or a dwarf, or that hath a blemish in his eye, or be scurvy, or scabbed, or hath his peculiar members broken: |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Or one whose back is bent, or one who is unnaturally small, or one who has a damaged eye, or whose skin is diseased, or whose sex parts are damaged; |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Leviticus Chapter 21, Verse 20 |
| Cebuano | Kun buktot, kun enano, kun adunay biti sa mata, kun tawo nga nukaon, kun may bon-i, kun tawo nga gituntonan; |
| Chinese | 駝 背 的 、 矮 矬 的 、 眼 睛 有 毛 病 的 、 長 癬 的 、 長 疥 的 、 或 是 損 壞 腎 子 的 、 都 不 可 近 前 來 。 |
| Croatian | ni poguren, ni kržljav, ni bolesnih oèiju, ni lišajav, ni krastav, niti uškopljenik. |
| Danish | eller en pukkelrygget eller en med Tæring eller en, der har Pletter i Øjnene eller lider af Skab eller Ringorm eller har svulne Testikler. |
| Dutch | Of die bultachtig, of dwergachtig zal zijn, of een vel op zijn oog zal hebben, of droge schurftheid, of etterige schurftheid, of die gebroken zal zijn aan zijn gemacht. |
| Finnish | kyttyräselkäinen tai surkastunut, silmävikainen tai ihotautinen tai rupinen tai kuohittu. |
| French | un homme bossu ou grêle, ayant une tache l`oeil, la gale, une dartre, ou les testicules écrasés. |
| German | oder höckerig ist oder ein Fell auf dem Auge hat oder schielt oder den Grind oder Flechten hat oder der gebrochen ist. |
| Haitian Creole | kit li gen boul nan do, kit li rachitik, kit li malad nan je, kit li gen maladi po, kit grenn li kraze. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | yang bongkok atau cebol, yang berpenyakit mata atau berpenyakit kulit dan yang dikebiri. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | atau orang yang bungkuk, atau yang keretut, atau yang berbelalak matanya, atau yang berkurap atau berpuru atau berburut. |
| Italian | né un gobbo, né un nano, né chi abbia una macchia nell'occhio o la scabbia o piaghe purulente o sia eunuco. |
| Maori | Te tuara piko ranei, te mea i puwhenua te tupu, ki te papahewa ranei tona kanohi, ki te mea ranei he papaka, he hakihaki ranei tona, ki te mea ranei kua komurumurua ona mea; |
| Norwegian | eller som er pukkelrygget eller dverg eller har en hvit flekk på øiet eller har skabb eller noget annet utslett, eller hvis stener er knust. |
| Portuguese | ou for corcunda, ou anão, ou que tiver belida, ou sarna, ou impigens, ou que tiver testículo lesado; |
| Rumanian | nici un om ghebos sau pipernicit, cu albeayq kn ochi, care are rkie, pecingine sau bowit. |
| Russian | ОЙ ЗПТ'БФЩК, ОЙ У УХИЙН ЮМЕОПН, ОЙ У 'ЕМШНПН ОБ ЗМБЪХ, ОЙ ЛПТПУФПЧЩК, ОЙ БТЫЙЧЩК, ОЙ У ПЧТЕЦ"ЕООЩНЙ СФТБНЙ; |
| Spanish | jorobado, enano, quien tenga nube en el ojo, quien tenga sarna o tiña, o tenga testículo dañado. |
| Swedish | ingen som är puckelryggig eller förkrympt, eller som har fel på ögat, eller som har skabb eller annat utslag, eller som är snöpt. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Misspellings | |
"Scurvy" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: scervy, scirvy, Scryveyn, scurve, scurvey, scury, skury, surv, survy. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-r-s-u-v-y" | |
-1 letter: curvy. | |
-2 letters: crus, curs, scry. | |
-3 letters: cry, cur. | |
-4 letters: us. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-r-s-u-v-y" | |
+2 letters: scurvily. | |
+3 letters: cursively. | |
+5 letters: cavernously, excursively, purveyances, reclusively, recursively, vascularity, veraciously, vicariously, voraciously, voyeuristic. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Translations: Ancient 14. Bible Trace 15. Derivations 16. Anagrams | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.