Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Scurvy

Definition: Scurvy

Scurvy

Adjective

1. Of the most contemptible kind; "abject cowardice"; "a low stunt to pull"; "a low-down sneak"; "his miserable treatment of his family"; "You miserable skunk!"; "a scummy rabble"; "a scurvy trick".

Noun

1. A condition caused by deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "scurvy" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1350. (references)

 

Specialty Definition: Scurvy

DomainDefinition

Health

A deficiency disease due to lack of vitamin C in the diet. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Scurvy

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Scurvy is a disease that results from insufficient intake of vitamin C and leads to the formation of livid spots on the skin, spongy gums and bleeding from almost all mucous membranes. The spots are most abundant on the thighs and legs, and a person with the ailment looks pale, feels depressed, and is partially immobilized. Scurvy was at one time common among sailors whose ships were out to sea longer than perishable fruits and vegetables could be stored and by soldiers who were similarly separated from these foods for extended periods.

Symptoms include:

It takes about three months of vitamin C deprivation to begin inducing the symptoms of scurvy. Untreated scurvy is always fatal, but since all that is required for full recovery is the resumption of normal vitamin C intake, death by scurvy is rare in modern times.

Scurvy was probably first observed as a disease by Hippocrates. In the 13th century the Crusaders suffered from scurvy frequently, and it has inflicted terrible losses on both besieged and besieger in times of war. Scurvy was one of the limiting factors of marine travel, often killing large numbers of the passengers and crew on long-distance voyages. It even played a significant role in World War I. The plant known as "scurvy grass" acquired its name from the observation that it cured scurvy, but this was of no great help to those who spent months at sea: the discovery by James Lind of treatment and prevention of scurvy by supplementation of the diet with citrus fruit such as lemons and limess led directly to the discovery of vitamins.

In modern society, scurvy is rarely present in adults. However, vitamin C is destroyed by the process of pasteurization, so babies fed with bottled milk sometimes suffer from scurvy if they are not provided with adequate vitamin supplements (breast milk contains sufficient vitamin C to prevent scurvy on its own).

External links

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Synonyms: Scurvy

Synonyms: abject (adj), low (adj), low-down (adj), miserable (adj), scummy (adj). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Scurvy

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Improbity

Contemptible, unrespectable, abject, mean, shabby, little, paltry, dirty, scurvy, scabby, sneaking, groveling, scrubby, rascally, pettifogging; beneath one.

Insufficiency

Scant; (small); scarce; not to be had, not to be had for love or money, not to be had at any price; scurvy; stingy; at the end of one's tether; without resources; in want; (poor); in debt.

Uncleanness

Decayed, moldy, musty, mildewed, rusty, moth-eaten, mucid, rancid, weak, bad, gone bad, etercoral, lentiginous, touched, fusty, effete, reasty, rotten, corrupt, tainted, high, flyblown, maggoty; putrid, putrefactive, putrescent, putrefied; saprogenic, saprogenous; purulent, carious, peccant; fecal, feculent; stercoraceous, scurfy, scurvy, impetiginous; gory, bloody; rotting; Verb: rotten as a pear, rotten as cheese.

Unimportance

Poor, paltry, pitiful; contemptible; (contempt); sorry, mean, meager, shabby, miserable, wretched, vile, scrubby, scrannel, weedy, scurvy, putid, beggarly, worthless, twopennyhalfpenny, cheap, trashy, catchpenny, gimcrack, trumpery; one-horse. not worth the pains, not worth while, not worth mentioning, not worth speaking of, not worth a thought, not worth a curse, not worth a straw; Noun: beneath notice, unworthy of notice, beneath regard, unworthy of regard, beneath consideration, unworthy of consideration; de lana caprina; vain; (useless).

Vice

Base, sinister, scurvy, foul, gross, vile, black, grave, facinorous, felonious, nefarious, shameful, scandalous, infamous, villainous, of a deep dye, heinous; flagrant, flagitious; atrocious, incarnate, accursed.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Scurvy

English words defined with "scurvy": abject, Antiscorbutic, ascorbic acidCochlearia officinalis, common scurvy grassHorse-radishlow, low-downmiserableScorbute, scorbutic, Scorbutical, Scorbutus, scummy, Scurviness, scurvy grass, Spoonwortvitamin C. (references)
Specialty definitions using "scurvy": DUELGoninHONORABLEJack-a-napes. (references)
Etymologies containing "scurvy": Scorbute. (references)

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Modern Usage: Scurvy

DomainUsage

Screenplays

Well, it doesn't, Mr. Potter! In the whole vast configuration of things, I'd say you were nothing but a scurvy little spider (It's a Wonderful Life; writing credit: Philip Van Doren Stern; Frances Goodrich)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Scurvy

DomainTitle

Books

  • The History of Scurvy and Vitamin C (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Music

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Photo Album: Scurvy

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

Scorbutic-type gums due to Scurvy caused by vitamin C deficiency. Credit: CDC.

[Back view of a male scurvy victim]. Credit: National Library of Medicine.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Familiar Quotations: Scurvy

AuthorQuotation

William Shakespeare

Get thee glass eyes, and like a scurvy politician, seem to see the things thou dost not.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Scurvy

SubjectTopicQuote

Lexicography

Devil's Dictionary

DUEL, n. A formal ceremony preliminary to the reconciliation of two enemies. Great skill is necessary to its satisfactory observance; if awkwardly performed the most unexpected and deplorable consequences sometimes ensue. A long time ago a man lost his life in a duel. That dueling's a gentlemanly vice I hold; and wish that it had been my lot To live my life out in some favored spot -- Some country where it is considered nice To split a rival like a fish, or slice A husband like a spud, or with a shot Bring down a debtor doubled in a knot And ready to be put upon the ice. Some miscreants there are, whom I do long To shoot, to stab, or some such way reclaim The scurvy rogues to better lives and manners, I seem to see them now -- a mighty throng. It looks as if to challenge me they came, Jauntily marching with brass bands and banners! Xamba Q. Dar

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Scurvy

"Scurvy" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 57.89% of the time. "Scurvy" is used about 19 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Noun (singular)57.89%11106,044
Adjective (general or positive)42.11%8124,375
                    Total100.00%19N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expressions: Scurvy

Expressions using "scurvy": alpine scurvy common scurvy grass scurvy grass. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "scurvy": scurvy-grass.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Scurvy

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

scurvy

208

picture scurvy

13

frank paul scurvy

9

scurvy symptom

9

scurvy disease

6

cove scurvy

3

health oral scurvy

3

pirate scurvy

3

scurvy treatment

3

dog scurvy

3

guinea pig scurvy

2

bastard scurvy

2

disease picture scurvy

2

christopher columbus scurvy

2

history scurvy

2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: Scurvy

Language Translations for "scurvy"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Albanian

  

skorbut, i ulët (base, contemptible, dark, deep, down, gentle, give away, humble, ignoble, infamous, low, low down, low lying, lowly, mean, modest, nasty, nefarious, petty, primary, rascally, scrubby, shoddy, subdued, vile, villainous, vulgar), i poshtër (beggarly, blackguardly, caitiff, dastardly, dirt, ignoble, infamous, mean, miscreant, nasty, nefarious, picayune, rammish, scoundrelly, sneaking, sneaky). (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏وضيع (contemptible, cowardly, grubby, humble, inferior, low, low-grade, lowly, mean, menial, scabby, scaly, scruffy, slavish, slight, snide, vile), ‏حقير (abject, base, beggarly, blackguardly, cheap, despicable, dingy, dirty, frowzy, grubby, ignoble, inferior, insignificant, lousy, low, low down, lowly, mean, menial, niggling, paltry, pettifogger, petty, pip squeak, pitiable, pitiful, poor, popinjay, rotten, scabby, scaly, scoundrelly, scruffy, scummy, servile, shabby, shoddy, slavish, slim, slushy, small minded, snide, sod, squalid, swine, tacky, trifling, ungracious, unworthy, varmint, vile, villainous, worthless, wretched), ‏دنئ (currish, loon, low down, mean, obsequious, rank, seamy, servile, sleazy, stinking), ‏داء الاسقريوط. (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

скорбут, низък (abject, base, contemptible, degraded, ignoble, low down, low-minded, mangy, mean, mean-spirited, miscreant, paltry, scaly, unworthy, vile, villainous, yellow), подъл (base, blackguardly, caitiff, creeping, dastardly, devilish, diabolic, diabolical, dirt, dirty, dishonorable, dishonourable, jesuitic, jesuitical, low, low down, low-minded, mean, mean-spirited, miscreant, recreant, reptile, shabby, snaky, sneaking, sneaky, snide, vile, villainous), долен (abject, base, bottom, contemptible, currish, ignoble, ignominious, infamous, inferior, iniquitous, low, lower, low-grade, mangy, mean, mean-spirited, rascal, ratty, reptile, rotten, scaly, shady, under, unworthy, vile, villainous). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

坏血病. (various references)

   

Czech

  

skorbut, kurdìje, hanebný (deplorable, discreditable, disgraceful, dishonorable, dishonourable, heinous, horrendous, ignoble, ignominious, nasty, nefarious, shameful, sordid, squalid, unspeakable, vile, villainous), bídný (abject, bad, eagre, low down, mean, miserable, pitiful, sordid, squalid, wretched). (various references)

   

Danish

  

skoerbug (scorbutus), scorbut (scorbutus). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

scorbuut (scorbutus), scorbutus (scorbutus), scheurbuik (scorbutus). (various references)

   

Farsi 

  

پوشیده ازشوره , منفور (Cussed, Hateful, Loathloth, Obnoxious, Outcast, Ungracious, Unpopular), کمبودویتامینC . (various references)

   

Finnish

  

keripukki. (various references)

   

French

  

scorbut (scorbutus). (various references)

   

German

  

Skorbut (scorbutus), gemein (abject, abominable, base, basely, beastly, bitchy, caitiff, cheap, coarse, common, cussedly, dirty, disreputable, foul, horrid, horridly, infamous, invidious, joint, low, lower case, malicious, maliciously, mean, meanly, miscreant, miserable, miserably, nastily, nasty, paltry, rascally, reptilian, rotten, scurillously, scurvily, sordid, spiteful, squalid, squalidly, ugly, unkind, unkindly, vicious, vile, vilely, villainous, vulgar, wicked). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

σκορβούτο. (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

צפ"י ", 'וע בצפ"י ". (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

skorbut, aljas (blackguard, caitiff, dastardly, depraved, despicable, dirty mean, felon, flagitious, foul, grovelling, infamous, knavish, low down, nefarious, perfidious, scrounging, scummy, scurvied, shabby, sordid, villainous). (various references)

   

Italian

  

scorbuto (scorbutus). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

壊血病  (scorbutic, scorbutus), 壊血病 . (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

かいけつびょう. (various references)

   

Korean 

  

괴혈병. (various references)

   

Manx

  

gorley carragh, carragh (carious, crazy, rocky, rough, scab, scurfy), brooan marrey. (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

urvyscay.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

escorbuto (scorbutus). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

scorbut, ticãlos (a bad egg, base, cad, canting, cur, dark, dirty, felon, foul, heel, hound, impious, kite, knave, knavish, knavishly, low-minded, mean, meanly, miscreant, paltry, perverse, picaroon, rapscallion, rascal, rascally, recreant, reprobate, ruffian, scab, scabby, scamp, scoundrel, serpentine, shabby, skunk, sneak, sneaking, vile, villain, villainous, wretch, wretched), respingãtor (abhorrent, awful, awfully, disagreeable, dreadful, dreadfully, forbidding, foul, fulsome, hideous, infamous, obnoxious, obscene, odious, odiousness, offensive, pestilent, rebarbative, repellent, repulsive, repulsively, unprepossessing, verminous), josnic (abject, base, base-minded, despicable, dirty, grovelling, grubby, infamous, little, low, low-minded, mean, meanly, nasty, paltry, scurrilous, shabby, slavish, sordid, sordidly, vile), dezgustãtor (abominable, disgusting, fulsome, loathsome, loathsomely, nasty, nauseous, obscene, odious, odiously, offensive, repugnant, repulsive, sickening, unsavory, unsavoury, vile). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

цинга подлый, цинга, низкий (deep, dishonourable, give away, hangdog, ignoble, infamous, keen, lousy, low, low down, lowly, mean, nefarious, picayune, poor, scummy, short, stinkard, vile, wormy), презренный (abject, caitiff, contemptible, despicable, measly). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

skorbut, prljav (dingy, dirty, drossy, feculent, filthy, foul, grimy, impure, muck, mucky, sordid, squalid, unclean), podao (abject, caitiff, knavish, lousy, low down, vile). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

escorbuto. (various references)

   

Swedish

  

tarvlig (cheap, common, frugal, ignoble, low down, paltry, seamy, shabby, vulgar), skörbjugg. (various references)

   

Turkish

  

pislik (contamination, crap, crud, dinginess, dirt, dirtiness, excrement, excreta, faecal matter, faeces, feculence, filth, filthiness, foulness, gook, griminess, impurity, jerk, mess, mire, muck, nastiness, offscourings, ordure, pollution, scum, smear, smut, soil, sordidness, squalor, uncleanliness), iskorbüt hastalığı (scorbutic), aşağılık (abject, base, baseness, contemptible, dirty, groveling, grovelling, ignoble, ignominious, inferiority, low down, lowness, mean, no class, no good, pettiness, petty, rascally, reptilian, scabby, slavish, snotty, sordid, tinpot, unutterable, unworthy, vile, wicked, wormy). (various references)

   

Ukrainian

  

цинга (scorbute), невихований (boorish, chuffy, discourteous, ill bred, ill mannered, uncultured, unnurtured), мерзотник (caitiff, nithing), підлий (babylonian, base, base-born, beggarly, caddish, caitiff, cheap, dastard, dastardly, dishonorable, dishonourable, grimy, hangdog, hoggish, ignoble, low down, mean-spirited, nefarious, niddering, picayune, rascal, reprobate, scabbed, scoundrel, scummy, small, sneaking, sneaky, vile, yellow dog), покритий лупою (scurfy). (various references)

   

Vietnamese 

  

hèn hạ (abject, base, basely, blithering, despicable, dirtily, dirty, dishonourable, meanly, picayune, poor, scabbily, shabby, vile), đê tiện (abject, contemptible, hangdog, ignoble, ignominious, lousily, plebeian, scabbily, scabby, scaly, servile, shabby, small), đáng khinh (contemptible, dirty, picayune, scaly, threepenny, unworthy). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: Scurvy

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Late Latin300-700

psoriasis. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Bible Trace: Scurvy

LanguageDateSourceLeviticus Chapter 21, Verse 20
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintH kurtoV h efhloV h ptiloV touV ofqalmouV h anqrwpoV w an h en autw ywra agria h lichn h monorciV
Latin405VulgateSi gibbus si lippus si albuginem habens in oculo si iugem scabiem si inpetiginem in corpore vel hirniosus
Middle English1395WyclifIf crokid rigge, or bleer eyed; if whijt perle hauynge in the eye; if contynuel scab; if a drye scab in the body; or brosten.
Renaissance English1526TyndaleOr croke backed, or perleyed, or gogeleyed, or maunge or skaulde or hath his stones broken.
Jacobean English1611King JamesOr crookbacked, or a dwarf, or that hath a blemish in his eye, or be scurvy, or scabbed, or hath his stones broken;
Victorian English1833WebsterOr crooked-backed, or a dwarf, or that hath a blemish in his eye, or be scurvy, or scabbed, or hath his peculiar members broken:
Basic English1964OgdenOr one whose back is bent, or one who is unnaturally small, or one who has a damaged eye, or whose skin is diseased, or whose sex parts are damaged;

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Matched Bible Translations: Scurvy

LanguageLeviticus Chapter 21, Verse 20
CebuanoKun buktot, kun enano, kun adunay biti sa mata, kun tawo nga nukaon, kun may bon-i, kun tawo nga gituntonan;
Chinese駝 背 的 、 矮 矬 的 、 眼 睛 有 毛 病 的 、 長 癬 的 、 長 疥 的 、 或 是 損 壞 腎 子 的 、 都 不 可 近 前 來 。
Croatianni poguren, ni kržljav, ni bolesnih oèiju, ni lišajav, ni krastav, niti uškopljenik.
Danisheller en pukkelrygget eller en med Tæring eller en, der har Pletter i Øjnene eller lider af Skab eller Ringorm eller har svulne Testikler.
DutchOf die bultachtig, of dwergachtig zal zijn, of een vel op zijn oog zal hebben, of droge schurftheid, of etterige schurftheid, of die gebroken zal zijn aan zijn gemacht.
Finnishkyttyräselkäinen tai surkastunut, silmävikainen tai ihotautinen tai rupinen tai kuohittu.
Frenchun homme bossu ou grêle, ayant une tache l`oeil, la gale, une dartre, ou les testicules écrasés.
Germanoder höckerig ist oder ein Fell auf dem Auge hat oder schielt oder den Grind oder Flechten hat oder der gebrochen ist.
Haitian Creolekit li gen boul nan do, kit li rachitik, kit li malad nan je, kit li gen maladi po, kit grenn li kraze.
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hariyang bongkok atau cebol, yang berpenyakit mata atau berpenyakit kulit dan yang dikebiri.
Indonesian-Terjemahan Lamaatau orang yang bungkuk, atau yang keretut, atau yang berbelalak matanya, atau yang berkurap atau berpuru atau berburut.
Italianné un gobbo, né un nano, né chi abbia una macchia nell'occhio o la scabbia o piaghe purulente o sia eunuco.
MaoriTe tuara piko ranei, te mea i puwhenua te tupu, ki te papahewa ranei tona kanohi, ki te mea ranei he papaka, he hakihaki ranei tona, ki te mea ranei kua komurumurua ona mea;
Norwegianeller som er pukkelrygget eller dverg eller har en hvit flekk på øiet eller har skabb eller noget annet utslett, eller hvis stener er knust.
Portugueseou for corcunda, ou anão, ou que tiver belida, ou sarna, ou impigens, ou que tiver testículo lesado;   
Rumaniannici un om ghebos sau pipernicit, cu albeayq kn ochi, care are rkie, pecingine sau bowit.
RussianОЙ ЗПТ'БФЩК, ОЙ У УХИЙН ЮМЕОПН, ОЙ У 'ЕМШНПН ОБ ЗМБЪХ, ОЙ ЛПТПУФПЧЩК, ОЙ БТЫЙЧЩК, ОЙ У ПЧТЕЦ"ЕООЩНЙ СФТБНЙ;
Spanishjorobado, enano, quien tenga nube en el ojo, quien tenga sarna o tiña, o tenga testículo dañado.
Swedishingen som är puckelryggig eller förkrympt, eller som har fel på ögat, eller som har skabb eller annat utslag, eller som är snöpt.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Misspellings: Scurvy

Misspellings

"Scurvy" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: scervy, scirvy, Scryveyn, scurve, scurvey, scury, skury, surv, survy. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Anagrams: Scurvy

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "c-r-s-u-v-y"

-1 letter: curvy.

-2 letters: crus, curs, scry.

-3 letters: cry, cur.

-4 letters: us.

 Words containing the letters "c-r-s-u-v-y"
 

+2 letters: scurvily.

 

+3 letters: cursively.

 

+5 letters: cavernously, excursively, purveyances, reclusively, recursively, vascularity, veraciously, vicariously, voraciously, voyeuristic.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Modern
5. Usage: Commercial
6. Images: Photo Album
7. Quotations: Familiar
8. Quotations: Non-fiction
9. Usage Frequency
10. Expressions
11. Expressions: Internet
12. Translations: Modern
13. Translations: Ancient
14. Bible Trace
15. Derivations
16. Anagrams
17. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.