Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Scrapie |
ScrapieNoun1. A fatal disease of sheep characterized by chronic itching and loss of muscular control and progressive degeneration of the central nervous system. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
| Domain | Definitions |
Agriculture | A fatal, degenerative neurological disease of sheep and goats. The similarity of scrapie to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) (mad cow) disease in cattle, with the possibility of subsequent transmission to humans, has caused the Food and Drug Administration to propose regulations to prohibit using sheep and goat by-products as a component in cattle feeds. The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service also conducts a "voluntary scrapie flock certification program" to certify scrapie-free herds. (references) |
Health | A fatal disease of the nervous system in sheep and goats, characterized by pruritus, debility, and locomotor incoordination. It is caused by proteinaceous infectious particles called prions. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The name is derived from one of the symptoms of the condition, wherein flocks of affected animals will compulsively scrape off their hides against rocks or trees. The disease apparently causes an uncontrollable itching sensation in the animals. Other symptoms include excessive lip-smacking, strange gaits, and convulsive collapse.
Scrapie is infectious and transmissable among similar animals, and so one of the most common ways to contain scrapie (since it is incurable) is to quarantine and destroy those affected.
Scrapie does not appear to be transmissable to humans.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Scrapie."
| Synonym by domain: trembles (food & agriculture, medicine). |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Disease | Anthrax, bighead; blackleg, blackquarter; cattle plague, glanders, mange, scrapie, milk sickness; heartworm, feline leukemia, roundworms; quarter-evil, quarter-ill; rinderpest. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Scrapie |
| English words defined with "scrapie": prion ♦ virino. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "scrapie": Bovine spongiform encephalopathy ♦ neurodegenerative disorders ♦ Visna, Visna-Maedi Virus. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | These include bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), which is found in cows and often referred to as "mad cow" disease, scrapie, which affects sheep and goats, mink encephalopathy, and feline encephalopathy. (references) | |
The family of prion diseases, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in humans, bovine spongiform encephalopathy ("mad cow disease"), and sheep scrapie, are caused by abnormal folding of a prion protein, which then can infect another animal with the disease. (references) | ||
Other TSEs include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans, fatal familial insomnia in humans, bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle (also known as mad cow disease), scrapie in sheep and goats, and chronic wasting disease in deer and elk. "Prion" is the name given to an abnormal form of protein that appears to be able to cause more and more of its normal form to become malformed, eventually leading to deposits in cells of the central nervous system, and eventually killing these cells. (references) | ||
Trade | Argentina | A protocol allowing U.S. fresh, chilled and frozen pork imports into Argentina was finalized in May 2001. Lamb meat from the United States is prohibited entry into Argentina due to Scrapie disease. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Scrapie" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Scrapie" is used about 17 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 17 | 85,106 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "scrapie": scrapie-affected, scrapie-infected. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
scrapie | 27 |
scrapie sheep | 3 |
prion scrapie | 2 |
canada scrapie | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "scrapie"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | scrapie (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), traversyge (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), rida (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), kvaesesyge hos faar (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), drejesyge (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), coenurose (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | skrepie (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), scrapie (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), draaiziekte (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), coenurosis (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), coenurose (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | scrapie (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), pyörimistauti (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
French | tremblante du mouton, tremblante, tournis, coenurose, cénurose. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Zönurose (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), Traberkrankheit der Schafe (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), Traberkrankheit (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), Drehkrankheit (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), Cönurus (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), Cönurosis (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | κοινουρίαση (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), σκράπι (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), υδατιδώδης ίλιγγος (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), λοίμωξη διά των νυμφών της ταινίας (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), ίλιγγος των προβάτων και βοοειδών (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | scrapie (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), tremolante (flickering, quavery, quivering, shaking, trembling, twinkling), malattia del trotto della pecora (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), cenurosi (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), capostorno (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), capogatto (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, megrims, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | apiescray vagado (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), vágado (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), tremor epizoótico dos ovinos (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), tornéo (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), ovelhas doidas (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), ovelhas derramadas (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), cenurose (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness). (various references) trembladera (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), torneo (championship, coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, tournament, tourney, turn-sickness), tembladera de los ovinos (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), prurito lumbar (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), modorra (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, drowsiness, gid, heaviness, stagger, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), cenurosis ovina (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness), cenurosis (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness). (various references) scrapie (rubbers, trembling disease, trotting disease), kringsjukan (coenuriasis, coenurosis, coenurus, gid, staggers, sturdy, turn-sickness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | coenuriasis, coenurosis, nosogenum:Coenurus cerebralis = Multiceps multiceps(Vermis), nosogenum:Taenia coenurus,Coenurus cerebralis. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "scrapie": scrapies. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: spacier. | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-e-i-p-r-s" | |
-1 letter: apices, aspire, capers, capris, caries, cerias, crapes, cripes, ericas, escarp, pacers, paries, parsec, praise, precis, prices, recaps, scrape, secpar, spacer, spicae, spicer, spirea. | |
-2 letters: acres, apers, apres, areic, arise, asper, aspic, caper, capes, cares, carpi, carps, carse, ceria, cires, crape, craps, cries, cripe, crisp, epics, erica, escar, pacer, paces, pairs, paise, pares, paris, parse, pears, peris, picas, piers, prase, presa, price, pries, prise, races, raise, rapes, reaps, recap, rices, ripes, saice, scape, scare, scarp, scrap, scrip, sepia, sepic, serac, serai, space, spare, spear, speir, spica, spice, spier, spire. | |
-3 letters: aces, acre, airs, aper, apes, apse, arcs, ares, arse, asci, cape, caps, care, carp, cars, case, ceps, cire, crap, cris, ears, epic, eras, ices, ires, pace, pacs, pair, pare, pars, pase, pear, peas, pecs, peri, pias, pica, pice, pics, pier, pies, race, rape, raps, rase, rasp, reap, recs, reis, reps, rias, rice, ripe, rips, rise, sari, scar, sear, sera, sice, sipe, sire, spae, spar, spec, spic. | |
-4 letters: ace, air, ais, ape, arc, are, ars, asp, cap, car, cep, cis, ear, era, ers, ice, ire, pac, par, pas, pea, pec, per, pes, pia, pic, pie, pis, psi, rap, ras, rec, rei, rep, res, ria, rip, sac, sae, sap, sea, sec, sei, ser, sic, sip, sir, spa, sri. | |
-5 letters: ae, ai, ar, as, er, es, is, pa, pe, pi, re, si. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-e-i-p-r-s" | |
+1 letter: airscape, airspace, aspheric, calipers, caprices, crappies, crispate, epicarps, parchesi, parecism, paretics, peracids, perisarc, picrates, piracies, practise, replicas, sapremic, scrapies, seraphic, spiracle. | |
+2 letters: airscapes, airspaces, aruspices, callipers, campfires, camphires, caponiers, caprioles, chapiters, copremias, crappiest, earpieces, eparchies, escarping, impacters, operatics, pacifiers, parchesis, parecisms, particles, peccaries, peculiars, pericarps, perisarcs, picadores, piscaries, practices, practised, practises, praecipes, precisian, prelacies, primacies, privacies, procaines, proscenia, replicase, respacing, scrappier, specialer, spermatic, spherical, spiracles. | |
+3 letters: accipiters, aeciospore, apocarpies, archpriest, ascriptive, aspherical, carpetings, crepitates, crispbread, discrepant, dispatcher, epicureans, epigastric, fireplaces, graphemics, hairpieces, haruspices, imprecates, interspace, kiloparsec, megasporic, panegyrics, paramedics, paregorics, parricides, parritches, pasticheur, patricides, pederastic, pediatrics, percalines, pharmacies, picaresque, porcelains, practicers, preachiest, precarious, precasting, precisians, predacious, predicates, prefascist, quadriceps, ragpickers, rampancies, rapacities, reclasping, repacifies, replicases, replicates, saprogenic, scampering, scarpering, scorpaenid, scrappiest, spermaceti, syncarpies, taperstick. | |
+4 letters: acropolises, aeciospores, afterpieces, altarpieces, amphimacers, apicultures, apperceives, appreciates, apprentices, archesporia, archpriests, atmospheric, birthplaces, campaigners, caparisoned, capillaries, carpentries, caryopsides, ceratopsian, chairperson, champerties, complainers, comradeship, crispbreads, depreciates, discrepancy, dispatchers, explicators, graphicness, heptarchies, hippocrases, hyperstatic, importances, intercampus, interspaced, interspaces, kiloparsecs, masterpiece, microphages, paediatrics, pancreatins, parameciums, paraplegics, parcenaries, paresthetic, participles, pasticheurs, patriciates, pentarchies, periodicals, peristaltic, picaresques, plasticizer, polariscope, pratincoles, preachifies, preachiness, precautions, precreasing, predacities, predicables, predynastic, prefascists, prefinances, pregnancies, presynaptic, proclaimers, pyromancies, reciprocals, replicators, republicans, scorpaenids, scrappiness, specularity, spermacetis, spermicidal, spherically, spirochaete, spirochetal, superficial, supremacies, supremacist, tapersticks, tetrasporic, transpierce, triceratops, triplicates, uppercasing. | |
+5 letters: accipitrines, accomplisher, antipiracies, antipyretics, apothecaries, appreciators, archesporial, archesporium, archipelagos, atmospherics, bankruptcies, cacographies, capitularies, cataphoresis, caterpillars, ceratopsians, chairpersons, cheeseparing, chiropterans, comparatives, comradeships, conspiracies, cooperations, cooperatives, coprophagies, crepitations, cryptomerias, decapitators, decrepitates, demographics, deprecations, depreciators, diaphoretics, dimercaprols, dipterocarps, discographer, discrepantly, ectoparasite, emancipators, epicureanism, handicappers, hyperactives, hypercapnias, hyperplastic, importancies, imprecations, incorporates, inspectorate, interspacing, intraspecies, malpractices, masterpieces, microamperes, microcapsule, narcolepsies, narcoleptics, necrophilias, nonspherical, orthopaedics, pancreatitis, paramedicals, parasiticide, parfocalizes, participates, particulates, patriarchies, percolations, pericarditis, peripatetics, periphrastic, permanencies, perspectival, perspicacity, pertinacious, phylacteries, pilocarpines, placekickers, planispheric, plasticizers, plebiscitary, plutocracies, polariscopes, postcardlike, precariously, precessional, precipitants, precipitates, predeceasing, prediabetics, predicaments, predications, predischarge, preeclampsia, prevaricates, problematics, proboscidean, processional, procreations, profligacies, provocatives, psychiatries, quadricepses, reciprocates, reduplicates, replications, repugnancies, repurchasing, ropedancings, scenographic, semitropical, separatistic, seraphically, spectatorial, spirochaetes, stenographic, supercabinet, supercarrier, superciliary, superhelical, superorganic, superplastic, superspecial, supremacists, therapeutics, transpierced, transpierces, tropicalizes, ultraprecise. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)53 63 72 61 70 69 65 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)... -.-. .-. .- .--. .. . |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010011 01100011 01110010 01100001 01110000 01101001 01100101 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)S c r a p i e |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0053 0063 0072 0061 0070 0069 0065 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)53698467827571 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Commercial 4. Quotations: Non-fiction | 5. Usage Frequency 6. Expressions 7. Expressions: Internet 8. Translations: Modern | 9. Translations: Ancient 10. Derivations 11. Anagrams 12. Orthography | 13. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
