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Definition: Sail |
SailNoun1. A large piece of fabric (as canvas) by means of which wind is used to propel a sailing vessel. 2. An ocean trip taken for pleasure. Verb1. Traverse or travel by ship on (a body of water); "We sailed the Atlantic"; "He sailed the Pacific all alone". 2. Move with sweeping, effortless, gliding motions; "The diva swept into the room"; "Shreds of paper sailed through the air"; "The searchlights swept across the sky". 3. Travel in a boat propelled by wind; "I love sailing, especially on the open sea". 4. Travel by boat on a boat propelled by wind or by other means; "The QE2 will sail to Southampton tomorrow". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "sail" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | SAIL /sayl/, not /S-A-I-L/ n. 1. The Stanford Artificial Intelligence Lab. An important site in the early development of LISP; with the MIT AI Lab, BBN, CMU, XEROX PARC, and the Unix community, one of the major wellsprings of technical innovation and hacker-culture traditions (see the {WAITS entry for details). The SAIL machines were shut down in late May 1990, scant weeks after the MIT AI Lab's ITS cluster was officially decommissioned. 2. The Stanford Artificial Intelligence Language used at SAIL (sense 1). It was an Algol-60 derivative with a coroutining facility and some new data types intended for building search trees and association lists. Source: Jargon File. |
Industry | Sheet of canvas or strong textile material cut to a particular shape and hemmed and usually fitted with eyelets or other fastening devices. Source: European Union. (references) |
Food & Agriculture | The action of removing a vessel from sheltered waters or harbour to the open sea. Source: European Union. (references) |
Literature | Sail You may hoist sail. Cut your stick, be off. Maria saucily says to Viola, dressed in man's apparel- "Will you hoist sail, sir? Here lies your way." - Shakespeare: Twelfth Night, i.5 . To set sail. To start on a voyage. To strike sail. (See Strike.). Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Sports & Leisure | Describes a specific deployment state of an automatic parachute, deployed with a static line and deployment bag which pulls the vent in the flight direction before separation. The canopy forms a sail with its outside, before it is stretched by the free stream-flow. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A sail is a surface intended to generate thrust by being placed in a wind. Depending on the angle between the wind and the surface, one side of the sail will have a higher air pressure than the other one. This difference will cause the sail to pull towards the area of lower pressure.
A gaff-rigged cutter flying a mainsail, staysail and genoa jibSails are primarily used at sea, on sailing ships as a locomotive system, but have been rendered commercially obsolete by other forms of propulsion, such as the steam engine. For recreation, however, sailing vehicles remain popular.
The most familiar type of sailboat, a small pleasure yacht, usually has a sail-plan called a sloop. This has two fore-and-aft sails: the mainsail and the jib.
The mainsail extends aftward and is secured the whole length of its edges to the mast and to a boom also hung from the mast.
The jib is secured along its hypotenuse (or luff) to a forestay (strong wire) strung from the top of the mast to the bowsprit on the bow (nose) of the boat.
Fore-and-aft sails can be switched from one side of the boat to the other, in order to alter the boat's course. When the boat's stern crosses the wind, this is called jibing; when the bow crosses the wind, it is called tacking. Tacking repeatedly from port to starboard and/or vice versa, called "beating", is done in order to allow the boat to follow a course into the wind.
A primary feature of a properly designed sail is an amount of "draft", caused by curvature of the surface of the sail. When the sail is oriented into the wind, this curvature induces lift, much like the wing of an airplane. Modern sails are manufactured with a combination of broadseaming and stretchable fabric. The former adds draft, while the latter makes it possible to adjust the draft for different levels of wind.
Other sail powered machines include ice yachts and windmills
Sail construction is governed by the science of aerodynamics.
Parts of the Sail
The lower edge of a triangular sail is called the "foot" of the sail, while the upper point is known as the "head". The halyard, a line which raises the sail, is attached to the head. The lower two points of the sail, on either end of the foot, are called the "tack" (forward) and "clew" (aft). A line called a "cunnigham" is sometimes attached to the tack, and an "outhaul" is sometimes attached to the clew of a sail.
The forward edge of the sail is called the "luff", which inspires the term "luffing", a condition where the sail ripples because wind is crossing over the front and back side simultaneously. The aft edge of a sail is called the "leech".
Modern sails are designed such that the warp and the weft of the sailcloth are oriented parallel to the luff and foot of the sail. This places the most stretchable axis of the cloth along the diagonal axis (parallel to the leech), and makes it possible for sailors to reduce the draft of the sail by tensioning the sail, mast and boom in various ways.
See also: Sail-plan, Wing, Rudder, Fin
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Sail."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
SAIL can mean:
- the Stanford University Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
- the main time-sharing computer at SAIL, which ran WAITS
- the SAIL programming language, created at SAIL
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "SAIL."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (commonly called the Stanford AI Lab, or SAIL), was one of the leading centres for artificial intelligence research from the 1960s through the 1980s.It was started by John McCarthy after he moved from MIT to Stanford in 1963. From 1965 to 1991, it was housed in the fabled D.C. Power building (named after an executive of G.T.E, which donated the building and site to Stanford, not the type of electricity), in the foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains overlooking Stanford.
SAIL alumni played a major role in many Silicon Valley firms, including Sun Microsystems. Research accomplishments at SAIL were many, including in the fields of speech recognition and robotics.
SAIL also created the WAITS operating system.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Stanford AI Lab."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
SAIL | English | Stanford Artificial Intelligence Language | Computing |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: SailSynonyms: canvas (n), canvass (n), cruise (n), sheet (n), navigate (v), sweep (v), voyage (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Departure | Leave a place, quit, vacate, evacuate, abandon; go off the stage, make one's exit; retire, withdraw, remove; vamoose, vamose; go one's way, go along, go from home; take flight, take wing; spring, fly, flit, wing one's flight; fly away, whip away; embark; go on board, go aboard; set sail' put to sea, go to sea; sail, take ship; hoist blue Peter; get under way, weigh anchor; strike tents, decamp; walk one's chalks, cut one's stick; take leave; say good bye, bid goodbye; Noun: disappear; abscond; (avoid); entrain; inspan. |
Navigation | Voyage, sail, cruise, passage, circumnavigation, periplus; headway, sternway, leeway; fairway. |
Noun: navigation; aquatics; boating, yachting; ship; oar, paddle, screw, sail, canvas, aileron. | |
Ship | Noun: ship, vessel, sail; craft, bottom. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | He that hath the steerage of my course, direct my sail! (Romeo + Juliet; writing credit: Craig Pearce) Great! We'll have to sail a raft to Fiji like Thor Heyerdahl (Quick Change; writing credit: Howard Franklin) Y'know Joey, I could teach you to sail if you want (Friends; writing credit: Jörn O. Jensen; Birger Larsen) A great day comrades, we sail into history (The Hunt for Red October; writing credit: Larry Ferguson) It doesn't sail until tomorrow (The Cheap Detective; writing credit: Neil Simon) | |
Lyrics | They said come sail away, come sail away, come sail away with me lads, (Come Sail Away; performing artist: STYX) Sail a thousand seas (Ready Or Not; performing artist: After 7) Hop in my Chrysler, it's as big as a whale and it's about to set sail! (Love Shack; performing artist: B-52'S) And if the wind is right you can sail away (Sailing; performing artist: Christopher Cross) Used to feel we could sail away, (We Don't Talk Anymore; performing artist: Cliff Richard) | |
Clever | If you can't control the wind, adjust your sail. (references; author: unknown) Time it takes to sail 220 yards at 1 nautical mile per hour: Knot-furlong. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Sail a Crooked Ship (1961) Until They Sail (1957) No Sail (1945) We Sail at Midnight (1943) Naval Apprentices at Sail Drill on Historic Ship 'Constellation' (1900) | |
Song Titles | Sail Away, Ladies (performing artist: John Koerner) Sail Away (performing artist: Styx) COME SAIL AWAY (performing artist: Styx ) Sail On (performing artist: The Commodores) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Sail boats with Newport Bridge in the background. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | Steller sealions at Sail Island, Frederick Sound. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |
 | The ROSIE PARKS is a Maryland Skipjack. These boats were used for oyster dredging while under sail. Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum. Credit: Fisheries. |  | A Chesapeake Bay skipjack underway. These vessels are sail powered oyster dredgers. Credit: Fisheries. |
 | "The FRAM under sail". In: "The South Pole", by Roald Amundsen, 1872-1928. P. 170, Volume I, Library Call Number M82.1/99 A529s. Credit: Treasures of the Library. |  | Mackerel schooner under full sail, bound out Drawing by H. W. Elliott and Capt. J. W. Collins. Credit: National Marine Fisheries Historical Image Collection. |
 | Dories and crew on the way to haul the trawls The schooner at anchor under riding sail Drawing by H. W. Elliott and Capt. J. W. Collins. Credit: National Marine Fisheries Historical Image Collection. |  | H. M. S. CHALLENGER under sail, 1874. In: "The Voyage of H. M. S. CHALLENGER A Summary....", Second Part, p. xix. Library Call Number Q115.C4 1880 summary pt. 2. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
 | Figure 44. A buoy with a drogue used by the CHALLENGER Expedition in the Gulf Stream for current studies in 1873. The drogue acts like an underwater sail and is pushed by the current. The buoy allows visual tracking of the motion of the drogue. It was first tested off Bermuda in in 1873 in separate tests at 50 fathoms, 100 fathoms, and 600 fathoms. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |  | A view of the deck of the WESTWARD while under sail. Credit: Small World. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "A sail in the blue" by Piotr Kreglicki Commentary: "A pic of a lone sailship near Capri, Italy." | "Sail" by John Steenbergen Commentary: "Sails (Australia 2003)." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
 | Horn; sea; barge; oceanliner; sail. | | Horn; sea; barge; oceanliner; sail. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Alexander Pope | On life's vast ocean diversely we sail. Reasons the card, but passion the gale. |
Horace | Tomorrow once again we sail the Ocean Sea. |
Louisa May Alcott | I'm not afraid of storms, for I'm learning to sail my ship. |
Lucius Annaeus Seneca | A great pilot can sail even when his canvas is rent. |
Ralph Waldo Emerson | For what avail the plough or sail, Or land or life, if freedom fail? |
| O friend, never strike sail to a fear! Come into port greatly, or sail with God the seas. | |
Thomas Babington Macaulay | Your Constitution is all sail and no anchor. |
William Penn | Less judgment than wit is more sail than ballast. |
| Have a care where there is more sail than ballast. | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | What a spectre is that disappearing sail! He looks upon it, he looks upon it with frenzy |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | The bird flew up, let the nut sail under it, and then settled back on the wire and smoothed its shining black feathers with its beak |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | We set sail from Bristol May 4, 1699, and our voyage at first was very prosperous |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | The youth may build or plant or sail, only let him not be hindered from doing that which he tells me he would like to do. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | The sail boat community is different. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | WALL :STREET:, n. A symbol for sin for every devil to rebuke. That Wall Street is a den of thieves is a belief that serves every unsuccessful thief in place of a hope in Heaven. Even the great and good Andrew Carnegie has made his profession of faith in the matter. Carnegie the dauntless has uttered his call To battle: "The brokers are parasites all!" Carnegie, Carnegie, you'll never prevail; Keep the wind of your slogan to belly your sail, Go back to your isle of perpetual brume, Silence your pibroch, doff tartan and plume: Ben Lomond is calling his son from the fray -- Fly, fly from the region of Wall Street away! While still you're possessed of a single baubee (I wish it were pledged to endowment of me) 'Twere wise to retreat from the wars of finance Lest its value decline ere your credit advance. For a man 'twixt a king of finance and the sea, Carnegie, Carnegie, your tongue is too free! Anonymus Bink |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Madison | 1809-1817 | Of the additional ships authorized to be fitted for service, two will be shortly ready to sail, a third is under repair, and delay will be avoided in the repair of the residue. |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | The minister appointed to the Republic of Chile will sail in a few days. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | Every effort has been made to facilitate the equipment of the exploring expedition authorized by the act of the last session, but all the preparation necessary to enable it to sail has not yet been completed. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | With its vast expanses, scientists and engineers will actually set sail on an unchartered sea of limitless mystery and unlimited potential. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Sail" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 53.32% of the time. "Sail" is used about 1,340 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 53.32% | 714 | 9,404 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 35.35% | 473 | 12,513 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 9.84% | 132 | 27,743 |
| Noun (proper) | 1.49% | 20 | 78,262 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,340 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "sail": a fleet of 20 sail ♦ at full sail ♦ balloon sail ♦ carry too much sail ♦ clap on all sail ♦ crowd on sail ♦ crowd sail on ♦ Depth of a sail ♦ Drag sail ♦ drift sail ♦ drop of a sail ♦ go for a sail ♦ Hand sail ♦ jib sail ♦ jury sail ♦ lateen sail ♦ Lifting sail ♦ lug sail ♦ make sail ♦ mizzen sail ♦ offer for sail ♦ pack on all sail ♦ press of sail ♦ radioisotope sail ♦ royal sail ♦ sail against the wind ♦ sail along the coast ♦ sail area ♦ sail arm ♦ sail around ♦ sail away ♦ sail back ♦ sail before the mast ♦ sail before the wind ♦ sail boat ♦ sail burton ♦ sail close to the wind ♦ sail cloth ♦ sail coat ♦ sail down the river ♦ sail down the wind ♦ sail down with the wind ♦ sail duck ♦ sail fluke ♦ sail flying ♦ sail full steam ahead ♦ sail ho! ♦ sail hook ♦ sail in ♦ sail in the same boat ♦ sail into ♦ sail large ♦ sail loft ♦ sail maker ♦ sail near ♦ sail near the wind ♦ sail off ♦ sail on the same tack ♦ sail out ♦ sail out to sea ♦ sail room ♦ sail round ♦ sail ship ♦ sail the seas ♦ sail through ♦ sail too near the wind ♦ sail under false colors ♦ sail up ♦ sail up the nile ♦ sail up the river ♦ sail up to ♦ sail yard ♦ set a sail ♦ set sail ♦ smoke sail ♦ solar sail ♦ spill wind from a sail ♦ square sail ♦ storm sail ♦ strange sail ♦ strike sail ♦ studding sail ♦ tack of sail ♦ take in sail ♦ take the wind out of smb.'s sail ♦ To bring a sail to ♦ To crowd sail ♦ To flatten a sail ♦ To give go run or sail large ♦ To haul home the sheets of a sail ♦ To heave out a sail ♦ To make sail ♦ To point a sail ♦ To sail fine ♦ To sail free ♦ to sail large ♦ To sail on a rhumb ♦ To set a sail ♦ To set sail ♦ To shorten sail ♦ To strike sail. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "sail": sail-boarding, sail-carrying, sail-clips, sail-it-on-its-ear-and-hard-luck-if-you're-seasick, sail-like, sail-locker, sail-makin', sail-master, sail-off, sail-past, sail-plane, sail-wardrobe, sail-winged. | |
Ending with "sail": after-sail, fore-and-aft-sail, lateen-sail, Main-sail, mizzen-sail, stay-sail, studding-sail, wind-sail. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
sail boat | 7,049 | north sail | 125 |
sail | 2,705 | used sail boat for sale | 115 |
sail boat for sale | 1,202 | sail boat plan | 101 |
small sail boat | 703 | rc sail boat | 100 |
sail boat racing | 527 | oday sail boat | 98 |
used sail boat | 510 | sail boat part | 87 |
learn to sail | 421 | sail boat manufacturer | 85 |
catalina sail boat | 377 | escape sail boat | 85 |
hunter sail boat | 360 | sail boat trailer | 83 |
model sail boat | 323 | sail magazine | 83 |
full sail | 285 | and the ship sail on | 75 |
sail boat picture | 260 | sail boat sail | 69 |
laser sail boat | 250 | remote control sail boat | 66 |
sail boat cruise | 246 | wooden sail boat | 64 |
sunfish sail boat | 239 | vanguard sail boat | 62 |
used sail | 182 | sail boat photo | 61 |
macgregor sail boat | 156 | age of sail | 59 |
26 boat contessa sail | 147 | sail boat rental | 59 |
shade sail | 141 | lightning sail boat | 58 |
sail boat charter | 126 | o day sail boat | 57 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "sail"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | seil. (various references) | |
Albanian | shket (float, flow, ricochet, skid, subside), velë (caddis, clothing, sheet), vela, vel (cloy, cover, jade, satiate, shroud, surfeit, veil, veiling), lundron me vela, lundroj (boat, navigate, run, voyage), lundrim (cruise, leeway, navigation, passage, sailing, seafaring, voyage), lëvizem ngadalë, fletë mulliri me erë, drejtoj anijen, anije me vela (caravel, galliot, sailboat, sailer, sailing craft, sailing ship, sailing vessel, wind-jammer). (various references) | |
Arabic | مركب شراعي (sailboat, schooner), ناور بالسفينة, قام برحلة بحرية, قاد سفينة (navigate), سافر بمركب شراعي, جاب البحار (range), الشراع, أدار حركة السفينة, أبحر (cruise, ferry, navigate, point, push off, ride, set sail), رحلة بحرية (cruise, passage, sailing, voyage), شراع (canvas, cloth, course, film, knockabout, rag, sheet). (various references) | |
Asturian | navegar (sailing, to sail). (various references) | |
Basque | bela. (various references) | |
Bemba | ukoba (boating, to sail). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | летя (fly, kite, spin along, tear, tear along, wing), плавам (float, navigate, nose, range, voyage), плаване (floatation, floating, natation, navigation, sailing, voyage), платно (calico, cloth, dodger, screen, stuff), платноходни кораби, платноходка (sailboat, sailing boat), плувам (be under way, float, keel, pull, ride, steer, swim), плъзгам се плавно, движа се тържествено (sweep), пътувам с, рея се (stray), мореплаване (navigation, seacraft, seafaring), нося се (be rife, bound, drift, float, hover, rack, resound, ride, roll, sashay, skim, skitter, slip, spin along, sweep, wear, wing), отплувам (cast off, get under way, pull out, put, put away, put forth, put off, put out, set sail, weigh), гемия, карам (auto, cart, cause, drive, get along, have, impel, keep, lead, make, move, oar, occasion, pilot, propel, render, roll along, run, serve, set, set off, start, urge on, wheel), корабно платно (sheet), крило на вятърна мелница (fly, sail arm, sweep, vane, whip, wind-sail), проплувам. (various references) | |
Cebuano | molawig (to sail). (various references) | |
Chamorro | para man lumayak (to sail). (various references) | |
Chinese | 风帆, 篷 , 帆船 , 帆 . (various references) | |
Cornish | mora (to sail). (various references) | |
Czech | vyplout (clear out, come out, set sail), plout vzduchem, plout lodí, plavit se (cruise, navigate, voyage), plavba (navigation, voyage), plachta, plachetnice (sailboad, sailing boat, sailing ship, sailing vessel). (various references) | |
Danish | sejl (velum), sejle (navigate, steer). (various references) | |
Dutch | zeilen, zeil. (various references) | |
Esperanto | velo, veli, ekveturi (depart, leave, start). (various references) | |
Faeroese | sigla, segl. (various references) | |
Farsi | هروسیله ای که بابادبحرکت دراید, شراع کشتی بادی , بانازوعشوه حرکت کردن , باکشتی حرکت کردن ،روی هواپروازکردن , بادبان . (various references) | |
Finnish | purje. (various references) | |
French | voile, prendre la mer (set sail). (various references) | |
Frisian | sile (to sail), seil, ôffarre (depart, leave, start). (various references) | |
German | Segel (canvas, sails), segeln (be chucked, be flung, glide, plane, sailing, sails, to sail, to sail (for), yacht, yachting), auslaufen (be discontinued, come to a stop, discharge, drain, ease off, empty, escape, leak, leak out, leakage, put out, run, run out, rundown, slow down). (various references) | |
Greek | ιστίο, πλέω (float, navigate), πανί πλοίου, πανί (cloth, fabric, material, stuff), αποπλέω (cast off, leave port). (various references) | |
Hebrew | מפרש (carpet, expansion), לשוט (cruise, rove, wander), להמריא (soar, take off), להפליג (divert, exaggerate, set sail, travel by ship), הפלגה (departure, division, exaggeration, sailing). (various references) | |
Hungarian | vitorlázás (glide, sailing, soaring flight), vitorlás (sailboat, sailer, sailing, sailing boat), vitorla (fan-tail, sheet). (various references) | |
Icelandic | sigla, segl. (various references) | |
Indonesian | layar (dawn, monitor, screen), berlayar (afloat, sailing). (various references) | |
Inuktitut | tingiqautalikmut umiaqtuqluni (to sail). (various references) | |
Irish | seol. (various references) | |
Italian | vela (sailing, sails), veleggiare (sailing, sails), salpare (set out, weigh), navigare (navigate, voyage). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 航程 (flight, run), 航海 (voyage), 航海 (voyage), 帆 . (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ほ (a step, a stride, counter for steps, crawl, creep, ear, guarantee, head, shop, store), こうかい (high seas, international waters, presenting to the public, public meeting, Red Sea, reform, regret, renewal, renovation, repentance, voyage, Yellow Sea), こうてい (affirmation, amount of work, best pupil, brotherly love, campus, distance, emperor, filial piety, flight, high and low, leading disciple, mine-pit bottom, official, official residence, path length, place of ceremony, positive, public place, revision, rise and fall, run, work schedule). (various references) | |
Kongo | ku-manta mu nzaza (to sail). (various references) | |
Korean | 돛. (various references) | |
Macedonian | plovi (to sail). (various references) | |
Manx | shiaulley (a boat trip, boat, boating, clearance, crew, cruise, cruising, float off, floating, flow, flow on surface, navigate, navigation, sailing, ship, shipment, voyage, voyaging), shiaull (octave, tenor). (various references) | |
Occitan | vela. (various references) | |
Papiamen | zeilu, zeilo. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ailsay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | vela (bougie, candle, plug, spark plug, vigil), pano (bunting, caliber, linen, material, rag, stuff, wooden cloth). (various references) | |
Provencal | navegar (to sail). (various references) | |
Romanian | strãbate (cover, cross, do, perambulate, permeate, pervade, sweep, walk), pilota (fly, hand signal, navigate, pilot, ply, steer), aripioarã dorsalã, cãlãtori cu vasul, cãlãtorie (drive, excursion, journey, passage, perambulation, ride, riding, run, tour, travel, trip, voyage), cãlãtorie pe mare (seafaring), conduce (accompany, administer, be in command, boss, boss the show, captain, carry on, charge, command, conduct, control, convey, direct, drive, escort, govern, guide, handle, head, husband, lead, lead the way, manage, master, operate, order, overrule, pilot, preside, restrain, rule, run, see, see off, show, show up, steer, superintend, supervise, take, wield), corabie cu pânze (sailing vessel), croazierã (cruise, sea trip, voyage), manevra (crank, handle, manipulate, manoeuvre, run, scheme, switch, work), navã (boat, keel, nave, ship, shipboard, vessel), naviga (make sail, stand), aripã (arm, dash-board, fan, flipper, mudguard, paddle, pinion, vane, wing), parcurge (beat up, cover, cross, do, go through, navigate, pace, promenade, range, run, scour, travel through, traverse, walk), zbura (career, dart, dash, flash, flee, fleet, flight, flit, fly, fly out, hover, slip, sweep, tower), plana (fly, hover, smooth, soar, volplane), pleca (absent onself, depart, get away, get off, go, go away, leave, make away with, pack off, pack up and be off, put off, set out, shuffle off, start, take one's departure, take oneself off, withdraw), pluti (boat, float, navigate, stand off, stand on, swim, wander), porni (begin, commence, goad, move, put away, set, set in motion, stand, start, start for, take to, unleash, urge), trece (bequeath, blow over, call, call on, cease, clear away, cross, die, diminish, disappear, elapse, enter, flow, Ford, get in, get under, go, go by, go on, insert, jot down, lapse, lapse away, pass, pass away, pass by, pass off, pass on, pop, reeve, register, roll, sift, slip away, slip by, transmit, traverse, wear), vântrea, vas cu pânze, velã, vele, pânzã (blade, cloth, linen, sackcloth, scale, shroud, tissue, web). (various references) | |
Ruanda | gutwara ubwato (to sail). (various references) | |
Russian | управлять кораблем (navigate), управлять (administer, administrate, be in control, be in control of, boss, command, conduct, control, govern, have control over, helm, husband, manage, managed, managing, master, mastermind, move, navigate, navigating, operate, rein, run, run the show, steer, superintend, take control of), крыло ветряной мельницы, морское путешествие, парусный (sailing), парус (brattice, velum), плыть под парусами, плыть (swim), плавать парус;лодка;плавание, плавать (float, navigate, swam, swim, swims, swum, voyage), идти под парусами. (various references) | |
Samoan | e folau (to sail). (various references) | |
Scottish | seòl (a sail, a sail Irish seól, direct, instruct, manner, method, mode, navigate, opportunity, point out, show; sail, way). (various references) | |
Sepedi | sesa (to sail). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | ploviti (drift, navigate, steer), jedro (nucleus, spencer), jedriti (glide, soar). (various references) | |
Spanish | vela (candela, candle, candlepower, wake, watch). (various references) | |
Sranan | seyri. (various references) | |
Swedish | segla (round, run, yacht), segel, avsegla. (various references) | |
Thai | ใบเรือ (studdingsail), เดินเรือ, การล่องเรือ. (various references) | |
Turkish | yelkenli ile gitmek, yelkenli gemi (barque, sailing ship, sailing vessel, windjammer), yelkenler, yelken (canvas, cloth), yeldeğirmeni kanadı (vane), yüzdürmek (buoy, float, swim), uçurmak (blow, blow away, fly, let fly, whip off), uçmak (barrel, belt, evaporate, fade, flush, fly, freak out, plane, scorch, soar, take wing, wing), havada süzülmek (soar), gururla hareket etmek, gemi ile yolculuk, gemi ile yol almak, denize açılmak (put away, put off, put out to sea, put to sea, shove off, stand off, stand out to sea), denize açılma (sailing). (various references) | |
Turkmen | яelken. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | іти під вітрилами, крило вітряка (sail arm, whip), вітрило, відпливати, мчати (bucket, career, course, dash, fly, hurtle, post, race, scud, shoot ahead, shove along, tear along, waft, whiz, whizz, whoosh), парус, плавати (bathe, float, swim). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | buồm tàu. (various references) | |
Welsh | hwylio (attune, order, prepare). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | velum. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Acts Chapter 27, Verse 40 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai taV agkuraV perielonteV eiwn eiV thn qalassan ama anenteV taV zeukthriaV twn phdaliwn kai eparanteV ton artemona th pneoush kateicon eiV ton aigialon |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et cum anchoras abstulissent committebant se mari simul laxantes iuncturas gubernaculorum et levato artemone secundum flatum aurae tendebant ad litus |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And whanne thei hadden take vp the ankeris, thei bitoken hem to the see, and slakiden togidir the ioyntours of gouernails. And with a litil seil lift vp, bi blowyng of the wynde thei wenten to the bank. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And when they had taken vp the ancres they comytted them selves vnto the see and lowsed the rudder bondes and hoysed vp ye mayne sayle to the wynde and drue to londe. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And when they had taken up the anchors, they committed themselves unto the sea, and loosed the rudder bands, and hoised up the mainsail to the wind, and made toward shore. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And when they had taken up the anchors, they committed themselves to the sea, and loosed the rudder bands, and hoisted the mainsail to the wind, and made towards the shore. |
