Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Sabre |
SabreNoun1. A fencing sword with a v-shaped blade and a slightly curved handle. 2. A stout sword with a curved blade and thick back. Verb1. Cut with a saber. 2. Kill with a saber. 3. Injure with a sabre. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "sabre" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references) |
"Sabre" is a common misspelling or typo for: saber. |
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
SABRE | English | Search and rescue beacon equipment | N/A |
SABRE | Greek | εξοπλισμός έρευνας και διάσωσης | Post & Telecom, Transportation |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Prior to the Sabre, Napier had been working on large engines for some time. Their most famous was the Lion, which had been a very successful engine between the World Wars and which, in modified form, powered several of the Supermarine designs to the Schneider Trophy in 1923 and 1927. They followed this with two new designs: an H-16 engine known as the Rapier, and a H-24 known as the Dagger.
The H-block has a compact layout, as it essentially consists of two horizontally opposed inline engines lying one atop another. Another advantage is that since the cylinders are opposed, the motion in one is balanced by the opposite motion in the one on the opposite side, leading to very smooth running. However, in these new designs, Napier oddly decided to use air cooling; in service, the rear banks proved to be impossible to cool properly, leading to terrible reliability problems.
During the 1930s, designers were looking to the future of engine development. Many studies showed the need for engines that could produce 1 hp per cubic inch (ci) of displacement, in order to be able to provide the power needed to equip large aircraft which could carry enough fuel for long-range use. This design goal became known as the Hyper engine, and it was clear that this sort of performance would not be easy to achieve. A typical large engine of the era, the Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp, developed about 1,200 hp from 1,820 ci, so an advance of some 50% would be needed. This called for radical changes, and while many companies tried to build the Hyper engine, none were successful.
In 1927 the RAE published a seminal study on the concept of the sleeve valve engine. In it they essentially stated that traditional poppet valve engines would likely have a hard time producing much beyond 1,500 hp, a figure many companies were eyeing for next generation engines. In the mid-1930s, Napier set about developing the Dagger into the most powerful engine in the world, by redesigning it with the sleeve valve system and adding water cooling. The H-block layout's inherent balance allowed it to run at higher RPM, to deliver more power from a smaller displacement (more bangs per second means more power delivered); the sleeve valve would allow this higher RPM to be reached.
The first Sabre engines were ready for running in January 1938, although at a severly limited 1,350 hp. By March they were already passing tests at 2,050 hp, and by June 1940 the first production-ready versions were delivering 2,200 hp from their 2,238 ci, close enough to 1 hp/ci to be the first Hyper engine to actually work. By the end of the year, they were producing 2,400 hp. To put this in perspective, the contemporary 1940 Rolls Royce Merlin II was generating just over 1,000 hp, and the most powerful engines in the world all developed around 1,200 hp.
Problems started to appear as soon as volume production started. Up to that point, the engines had been hand-assembled by Napier craftsmen, and it proved to be rather difficult to adapt it to assembly line production techniques. In particular, the sleeves tended to fail quite often, seizing the engine in the process. At that time Bristol were developing their own sleeve valve designs, and their Taurus engine had the same bore. At first Bristol refused to work with Napier, but eventually under intense pressure from the Air Ministry they relented, and the problems soon disappeared with the addition of Bristol's well-machined sleeves.
Quality control also proved to be a serious problem. Engines were often delivered with improperly cleaned castings, broken piston rings, and machine cuttings left inside the engine. Mechanics were constantly overworked trying to keep Sabres running, and during cold weather they had to run them every two hours during the night so that they wouldn't seize up. These problems took too long to straighten out, and for many the engine started to attain a bad reputation. To make matters worse, mechanics and pilots were unfamiliar with the very different nature of this engine, and tended to blame the Sabre for problems which were caused by incorrect handling. This was all exacerbated by the representatives of the competing Rolls-Royce company, who had their own agenda.
The problems were eventually addressed, however, and the engine started to reliably allow higher and higher boost settings. By 1944 the Sabre V was delivering 2,400 hp consistently, and the reputation of the engine started to improve. This was the last version to see service, however. The later Sabre VII delivered 3,500 hp with a new supercharger, and the final test articles delivered 4,000 hp. By the end of the war there were several engines of the same power class; the Pratt & Whitney R-4360 Wasp Major was at that time producing about 3,055 hp, but used over twice the displacement, at 4,360 ci.
The Sabre's primary use was in the Hawker Typhoon and its derivative, the Tempest. While the former was not the fastest plane in the air, the Sabre engine drove it past anything whilst flying at lower altitudes, where it could reach about 412 MPH. At higher altitudes, the thick wing of the Typhoon made it slower, and so it was primarily used as a strike fighter. The later Tempest added a new low-drag wing, and the otherwise similar plane became the fastest propellor-driven fighter of the war, at least for a short time.
For Napier Sabre II, the first production version:
Specifications
References:
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Napier Sabre."
Synonyms: SabreSynonyms: cavalry sword (n), saber (v). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Sabre |
| English words defined with "sabre": fearsomely ♦ saber, Sabered, Sabering, Sabre fish, sabre rattling, Sabred, Sabring. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "sabre": Sandschaki, Symbols of Saints. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Sabre" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. French (saber, sabre, sword), Portuguese (broadsword, saber, sabre, sword). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Lyrics | Now look at all we've won with the sabre and the gun ("I Ain't Marching Anymore"; performing artist: Phil Ochs) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Sabre and Foil (1967) Broken Sabre (1966) Sabre Jet (1953) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
References | |
Books | |
Theater & Movies | |
Music |
|
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | A furious sabre cut had disfigured his face, where nothing but blood was to be seen. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Sabre" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 97.03% of the time. "Sabre" is used about 101 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 97.03% | 98 | 33,072 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 0.99% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 0.99% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.99% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 101 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| USA | Sabre Holdings Corporation |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "sabre": fence with sabre ♦ fencing with sabre ♦ rattle the sabre ♦ sabre cut ♦ sabre fish ♦ sabre hilt ♦ sabre rattling ♦ sabre toothed. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "sabre": sabre-rattle, sabre-rattler, sabre-rattling, sabre-slash, sabre-tooth, sabre-tooth tiger, sabre-toothed. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
sabre | 368 |
honda sabre | 95 |
f 86 sabre | 52 |
honda shadow sabre | 51 |
sabre group | 43 |
sabre yacht | 32 |
sabre tooth tiger | 30 |
sabre travel | 29 |
sabre dance | 29 |
shadow sabre | 27 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "sabre"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | shpatë (backsword, blade, glaive, sabers, smallsword, sword), kordhë (scimitar). (various references) | |
Arabic | سيف قاطع, سيف المبارزة, السيف الضالع. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | съсичам (cut down, pole-ax), сабя (side-arms, sword), ранявам (maul, pip, scotch, shoot up, wound), кавалерист (cavalryman, horseman, sowar, trooper), посичам (fell). (various references) | |
Czech | šavle (saber, sword). (various references) | |
Danish | SABRE, sabel (curd knife, sword). (various references) | |
Dutch | SABRE, sabel (sword). (various references) | |
Finnish | SABRE. (various references) | |
French | sabre (saber). (various references) | |
German | Säbel (saber, sabres, scimitar). (various references) | |
Greek | σπαθί (club, clubs [cards], moonstone, rapier, spatula, sword). (various references) | |
Hebrew | חרב כב"", סיף (rapier, sword). (various references) | |
Hungarian | szablya (saber). (various references) | |
Indonesian | pedang (cutlass, sword). (various references) | |
Italian | sciabola (saber, sword). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 剣 (bayonet, blade, clock hand, sting, sword), ゴルフ (ace, circle, circlet, circlip, circuit, circuit breaker, circuit training, circular fluorescent lamp, circular skirt, circulation, circulator, circumscribe, circumscription, circus, club, Gauloise, golf course, golf links, gondola, gong, goods or services without charge, grounder, saber, sabre-toothed tiger, sardine, sardonyx, search, searcher, searchlight, serge, sergeant, servant, serve, serve point, server, service, service area, service car, service girl, service room, service station, service yard, snap ring, sports club, support system, surcharge, surf cast, surf casting, surf rider, surf roller, surf ski, surf trolling, surfboard, surfer, surfing, surge, surveillance, survey, Surveyor, third, thirty). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | サーベル , サーブル (saber), け" (and, authority, bayonet, blade, bond, case, certificate, circle, clock hand, concurrently, coupon, economy, emperor, health, heaven, in addition, item, matter, prefecture, range, sphere, stick-to-itiveness, sting, strength, sword, tendon, the right, ticket). (various references) | |
Korean | 기병. (various references) | |
Manx | giarrey lesh cliwe markee, cliwe markee. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | abresay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | sabre (broadsword, saber, sword). (various references) | |
Romanian | paloş (broadsword), cavalerişti. (various references) | |
Russian | сабля (saber, sword). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | sablja (saber). (various references) | |
Spanish | sable (backsword, batten, broadsword, chain bar, chain blade, chain guide, cutter bar, cutting bar, frostfish, guide bar, guide blade, guide plate, saber, sable, scabbard fish, scabbardfish, silver scabbardfish, sword, timber sword). (various references) | |
Swedish | sabel (saber). (various references) | |
Thai | "าบโค้ง (saber). (various references) | |
Turkish | süvari kılıcı (saber), kılıçtan geçirmek (massacre, put to the sword, saber, slaughter), kılıçla vurmak (saber), kılıçla kesmek (saber), kılıç (blade, claymore, glaive, saber, sword), eskrim kılıcı (foil, saber, singlestick). (various references) | |
Ukranian | рубати шаблею (saber), фехтувати на шаблях (saber), фехтування на шаблях (saber), шабля (saber), кавалерист (cavalier, cavalryman, horseman, horsesoldier, pricker, saber). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sự thống trị quân sự sự đe doạ binh đao (saber). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "sabre": sabred, sabres. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "sabre" (pronounced sā"ber) |
| 4 | s ā" b er | saber. |
| 3 | -ā" b er | belabor, labor, labour, Neighbor, taber, Tabor. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: bares, baser, bears, braes, saber. | |
| Words within the letters "a-b-e-r-s" | |
-1 letter: arbs, ares, arse, bare, bars, base, bear, brae, bras, ears, eras, rase, rebs, sabe, sear, sera. | |
-2 letters: abs, arb, are, ars, bar, bas, bra, ear, era, ers, ras, reb, res, sab, sae, sea, ser. | |
-3 letters: ab, ae, ar, as, ba, be, er, es, re. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-b-e-r-s" | |
+1 letter: abaser, abuser, ambers, ardebs, bakers, balers, barbes, bardes, barest, barges, barres, baryes, basher, baster, beards, blares, blears, braces, braise, brakes, braves, brazes, breads, breaks, breams, breast, bursae, cabers, debars, embars, kebars, rabies, rebars, rehabs, sabers, sabred, sabres, serdab, tabers, yerbas, zebras. | |
+2 letters: abasers, abaters, abiders, abjures, abrades, abreast, abusers, adverbs, aerobes, ambeers, amblers, ambries, arabesk, arables, arbores, arbutes, ascribe, backers, badgers, baggers, bailers, baiters, balkers, ballers, banders, bangers, bankers, banners, banters, barbels, barbers, barbets, bareges, bargees, barites, barkers, barless, barleys, barques, barrels, barrens, barrets, barters, barytes, bashers, basters, bathers, batters, bawlers, beakers, bearers, bearish, beaters, beavers, beggars, berakes, berates, berthas, besmear, beswarm, betrays, bewares, bewraps, bewrays, bezoars, blamers, blaster, blazers, boaster, boaters, boraces, borages, boranes, borates, boraxes, bracers, braches, braised, braises, braizes, braless, brasher, brashes, brasier, brassed, brasses, brassie, bravers, bravest, bravoes, brawest, braxies, brayers, brazens, brazers, breasts, breaths, bureaus, bursate, bursera, cambers, caribes, crambes, dabbers, dabster, darbies, daubers, debarks, debaser, embarks, eyebars, fablers, ferbams, gabbers, garbles, grabens, herbals, isobare, jabbers, jerboas, labrets, lambers, marbles, nabbers, prefabs, rabbets, rabbies, rabbles, rambles, rebaits, rebates, rebatos, redbays, rosebay, rubaces, rubasse, sabered, saprobe, seabird, serdabs, sidebar, slabber, sorbate, stabber, stabler, subarea, subrace, surbase, swabber, terbias, unbears, upbears, verbals, warbles, yabbers, zarebas, zebrass. | |
+3 letters: abetters, abettors, abhenrys, abjurers, aborters, abraders, abrasive, abreacts, abridges, absenter, absolver, absorbed, absorber, absterge, abstruse, absurder, abutters, acerbest, adsorbed, adsorber, aerobics, airbuses, algebras, ambaries, amberies, ambusher, antbears, arabesks, arabizes, arbalest, arbelest, arbiters, arbuscle, arquebus, ascribed, ascribes, auberges, babblers, backrest, bafflers, bakeries, ballsier, baluster, bandores, banisher, banister, barbells, barbless, barbules, bareness, baresark, barflies, barghest, barguest, barkeeps, barkiest, barkless, barmiest, barniest, baroness, baronets, baronies, baronnes, baroques, barrages, barriers, bartends, barwares, baseborn, basifier, basketry, batchers, battlers, bawdries, bearcats, bearhugs, bearings, bearskin, becharms, becrawls, bedrails, bedrapes, bedstraw, bedwards, bedwarfs, beeyards, begroans, behavers, bejabers, belabors, berascal, bereaves, berettas, bermudas, besmears, bespread, bestiary, beswarms, bilayers, binaries, biramose, birettas, bizarres, blabbers, bladders, blarneys, blasters, blastier, blathers, blatters, bleaters, bloaters, boarders, boasters, brabbles, braceros, brachets, brackens, brackets, braggers, braggest, braiders, brailles, brakiest, brambles, branches, branders, brandies, branners, brashest, brashier, brasiers, brassage, brassier, brassies, brattles, brawlers, braziers, breaches, breadths, breakers, breakups, breasted, breathes, breccias, brechams, brechans, brewages, brigades, brisance, broaches, broadens, broadest, brocades, brokages, bromates, bugbears, burgages, cabarets, cabestro, cabresta, cabresto, calibers, calibres, carbides, carbines, chambers, clabbers, clambers, crabbers, crabwise, cramboes, cudbears, dabblers, dabsters, daubries, debasers, debaters, drabbest, drabbets, drabbles, drabness, durables, earlobes, embraces, enablers, erasable, exurbias, firebase, forbears, forebays, freebase, gabblers, gambiers, gamblers, gambrels, garbages, garblers, garbless, gerberas, grabbers, grabbles, grosbeak, halberds, halberts, hauberks, herbages, isobares, labelers, laborers, lamberts, liberals, librates, marblers, megabars, parables, parsable, passerby, prebakes, prebasal, probates, rabblers, raisable, ramblers, rarebits, ratsbane, reabsorb, rebaters, reboards, redbaits, relabels, retables, reusable, rheobase, rinsable, roadbeds, rosebays, rubasses, rubellas, rubeolas, rustable, sabering, saboteur, saprobes, scabbier, scrabble, scramble, seabirds, seaboard, seaborne, searobin, servable, shabbier, sharable, sidebars, slabbers, slabbery, sorbable, sorbates, sortable, sowbread, sparable, sparerib, stabbers, stablers, storable, subareas, subframe, subgrade, subraces, superbad, surbased, surbases, surfable, swabbers, sybarite, tabarets, taborers, taborets, tribades, typebars, umbrages, unbraces, unbrakes, urbanest, urbanise, verbenas, vibrates, wabblers, warblers, zareebas. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)53 61 62 72 65 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)... .- -... .-. . |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010011 01100001 01100010 01110010 01100101 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)S a b r e |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0053 0061 0062 0072 0065 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)5367688471 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Quotations: Fiction 8. Usage Frequency | 9. Names: Company Usage 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Abbreviations 14. Acronyms 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Orthography 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
