Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Ruminate |
RuminateVerb1. Chew the cuds; of ruminants. 2. Reflect deeply on a subject; "I mulled over the events of the afternoon"; "philosophers have speculated on the question of God for thousands of years"; "The scientist must stop to observe and start to excogitate". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "ruminate" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Literature | Ruminate (3 syl.). To think, to meditate upon some subject; properly, "to chew the cud" (Latin, rumino). "To chew the cud of sweet and bitter fancy."- Milton. "On a flowery bank he chews the cud."- Dryden. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Synonyms: RuminateSynonyms: chew over (v), contemplate (v), excogotate (v), meditate (v), mull (v), mull over (v), muse (v), ponder (v), reflect (v), speculate (v), think over (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Intellect | Verb: note, notice, mark; take notice of, take cognizance of be aware of, be conscious of; realize; appreciate; ruminate; (think); fancy; (imagine). |
Thought | Verb: think, reflect, cogitate, excogitate, consider, deliberate; bestow thought upon, bestow consideration upon; speculate, contemplate, meditate, ponder, muse, dream, ruminate; brood over, con over; animadvert, study; bend -, apply mind; (attend); digest, discuss, hammer at, weigh, perpend; realize, appreciate; fancy; (imagine); trow. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Ruminate |
| English words defined with "ruminate": Ruminated, Ruminating. (references) |
| Play | Caption |
| Vomit; regurgitate; regurgitating; barf; be seasick; be sick; belch; bring up; disgorge; dry heave; emit; expel; gag; heave; hurl; keck; lose it; puke; regurgitate; retch; ruminate; spew; spit up; throw up; upchuck. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "Ruminate" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 54.55% of the time. "Ruminate" is used about 11 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 54.55% | 6 | 143,867 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 45.45% | 5 | 157,705 |
| Total | 100.00% | 11 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
ruminate | 15 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "ruminate"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Arabic | فكر في (turn over), فكر مليا (contemplate, meditate, ponder, reflect, think, weigh), تأمل (cogitative, consider, contemplate, contemplation, meditate, meditation, muse, observation, ponder, pore over, rumble, rumination, speculate, study, think, think out, think over, thinking), إجتر (regurgitate, ruminant). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | размишлявам (cogitate, meditate, muse, ponder, speculate, study, think away), преживям. (various references) | |
Chinese | 反刍 (Ruminated, Ruminating, rumination). (various references) | |
Czech | uvažovat (cogitate, ponder, ratiocinate, reflect, revolve, think, think of), přemítat (deliberate, ponder, revolve), přežvykovat (Cud). (various references) | |
Danish | tygge drøv (to ruminate), drøvtygge (to ruminate). (various references) | |
Dutch | herkauwen (chew the cud). (various references) | |
Farsi | نشخوارکردن (Champ, Quid), اندیشه کردن (Cogitate, Deliberate, Meditate, Muse, Ponder), دوباره جویدن . (various references) | |
Finnish | märehtiä (chew the cud). (various references) | |
French | ruminer (to ruminate), remâcher (rumination), réfléchir, penser, méditer. (various references) | |
German | wiederkäuen (chew again, chew the cud, regurgitate, rumination). (various references) | |
Greek | συλλογίζομαι (bethink, brood over, chew, cogitate, meditate, ponder, reflect, think), μηρυκώμαι, μηρυκάζω (chew the cud), αναμασώ (chew over, regurgitate, rehash), αναχαράζω. (various references) | |
Hebrew | ל"עלות 'ר" (munch, regurgitate, ruminant), ל"ר"ר (contemplate, meditate, muse, ponder, reflect, revolve, think). (various references) | |
Hungarian | töpreng (mull over, ponder, speculate, thought, to brood on sg, to brood over sg, to mull, to mull over sg, to reflect, to reflect on, to speculate, to think), kérõdzik (regurgitate). (various references) | |
Italian | ruminare (to ruminate). (various references) | |
Korean | 되새기십시". (various references) | |
Manx | caigney keerey (chew the cud). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | uminateray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | ruminar (to ruminate), refletir (bethink, consider, esteem, glass, glisten, image, meditate, mirror, reflect, reflect on, regard, return, reverberate, see, speculate, take into account, think, think about, think over), ponderar (balance, cogitate, consider, contemplate, deliberate, mature, meditate, mull, ponder, view, weigh), meditar (brood, chew, cogitate, contemplate, meditate, muse, pore, speculate, think), magicar. (various references) | |
Romanian | rumega (champ, chew, chew the cud, eat), reflecta (chew the cud, cogitate, consider, contemplate, deliberate, mirror, reflect, reflex, reverberate), mesteca (champ, chew, eat, manducate, masticate, mouth, stir), medita (brood, coach, cogitate, contemplate, debate, meditate, muse, reflect, study for, study on, think, tutor), gândi (believe, deem, hesitate, hope, imagine, reason, reflect, suppose, think), chibzui (arrange, calculate, consider, ponderate, reflect, think, weigh). (various references) | |
Russian | жевать (chew, masticate, munch). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | razmišljati (cogitate, contemplate, debate, deliberate, meditate, mull over, muse, ponder, reflect, speculate, think over), preživati (chew the cud). (various references) | |
Spanish | rumiar (chew on, chew the cud). (various references) | |
Swedish | idissla (chew the cud), grubbla (brood, cogitate, eat one's heart out, mull, muse, ponder, puzzle, puzzle over, rack one's brains, worry). (various references) | |
Thai | เคี้ยวเอื้อง, ครุ่นคิ" (mull, ruminant). (various references) | |
Turkish | uzun uzun düşünmek, tasarlamak (architect, blue print, calculate, cast about, cast around, contemplate, contrive, design, devise, draft, draught, fix, forecast, incubate, mean, meditate, plan, premeditate, project, propose, purpose, scheme, skeletonize, spin, think out, think up, trace), kurmak (activate, base, build, build up, cog, conspire, constitute, construct, erect, establish, fix up, float, form, found, frame, ground, install, institute, lay, line up, organize, pitch, plant, promote, put, put together, set, set up, start, strike up, time, weave, wind up), geviş getirmek (chew the cud), dalıp gitmek (engulf, fantasize, wander), düşünmek (allow, balance, be pensive, bethink oneself, cerebrate, cogitate, conceive, consider, consult, contemplate, deliberate, envision, excogitate, fancy, figure, give a thought, give thought to, imagine, intend, meditate, opine, reason, reflect, remember, suppose, think, think of), düşünüp taşınmak (calculate, chew, cogitate, cogitate over, debate, debate with oneself, look round, mull over, ponder, ponder over, pore, reason, reason out, reflect, revolve, think over, turn over, turn over in one's mind, weigh, worry out). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | роздумувати (muse, ponder), жувати (champ, chaw, chew, masticate, munch). (various references) | |
Welsh | cil-gnoi (chew cud). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | cogito, rumino. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "ruminate": ruminated, ruminates. (additional references) | |
| |
"Ruminate" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Brumante, raminate, reminate, robinae, robineae, rumiant, rumitate, Rumyantsev, runimate. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "ruminate" (pronounced ruw"munā't) |
| 6 | -uw" m u n ā' t | illuminate. |
| 5 | -m u n ā' t | contaminate, culminate, decontaminate, denominate, determinate, discriminate, disseminate, dominate, eliminate, emanate, exterminate, fulminate, germinate, incriminate, inseminate, nominate, predominate, renominate, terminate. |
| 4 | -u n ā' t | agglutinate, alienate, assassinate, carbonate, chlorinate, concatenate, hyphenate, impersonate, decaffeinate, detonate, fascinate, halogenate, hydrogenate, indoctrinate, insubordinate, isocyanate, italianate, marinate, originate, oxygenate, pollinate, procrastinate, rejuvenate, resonate, subordinate, titanate, urinate. |
| 3 | -n ā' t | impregnate, designate, donate, hibernate, reincarnate, stagnate. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-i-m-n-r-t-u" | |
-1 letter: minaret, minuter, muriate, natrium, raiment, ruinate, taurine, unmiter, unmitre, uranite, urinate. | |
-2 letters: airmen, antrum, atrium, auntie, etamin, imaret, inmate, iterum, manitu, manure, marine, marten, martin, mature, minter, minuet, minute, murein, murine, mutine, nature, nutria, ratine, remain, remint, retain, retina, rumina, tamein, triune, uniter, untame, untrim, uremia. | |
-3 letters: aimer, ament, amine, anime, antre, armet. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-i-m-n-r-t-u" | |
+1 letter: antiserum, miniature, ruminated, ruminates. | |
+2 letters: antiserums, innumerate, intermural, miniatures, multirange, neutralism, numerating, numeration, rudimental, ruminative, tambourine, tourmaline. | |
+3 letters: acquirement, adventurism, antheridium, argumentive, curtailment, drumbeating, enumerating, enumeration, enumerative, euchromatin, importunate, innumerates, intercampus, mensuration, mercurating, mercuration, miniaturize, mountaineer, neutralisms, numerations, outdreaming, permutation, planetarium, retinaculum, rudimentary, seminatural, subterminal, tambourines, tourmalines, ultramarine, unamortized. | |
+4 letters: acquirements, adventurisms, amentiferous, anticonsumer, circumjacent, circumstance, counterclaim, counterimage, curtailments, drumbeatings, enumerations, euchromatins, instrumental, menstruating, menstruation, mensurations, mercurations, miniaturized, miniaturizes, misadventure, mountaineers, multinuclear, permutations, planetariums, reassumption, remunerating, remuneration, remunerative, ruminatively, subminiature, ultramarines, undemocratic, undramatized, ungerminated, unimportance, unmoralities. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Sounds | 5. Usage Frequency 6. Expressions: Internet 7. Translations: Modern 8. Translations: Ancient | 9. Derivations 10. Rhymes 11. Anagrams 12. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.