Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Rugged |
RuggedAdjective1. Sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring; "a rugged trapper who spent months in the winderness"; "those that survive are stalwart rugged men"; "with a house full of boys you have to have rugged furniture". 2. Topographically very uneven; "broken terrain"; "rugged ground". 3. Rocky and steep. 4. Very difficult; severely testing stamina or resolution; "a rugged competitive examination"; "the rugged conditions of frontier life"; "the competition was tough"; "it's a tough life"; "it was a tough job". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "rugged" was first used: 13th century. (references) |
Note: Rugged \Rug"ged\, adjective. [See Rug, noun.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Electrical Engineering | A term associated with metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors or insulated gate bipolar transistors that are designed, manufactured and tested to an avalanche energy specification. Source: European Union. (references) |
| Referring to electronic systems or devices that have been strengthened or modified for better resistance to wear, stress and abuse(for example, in space or under battlefield conditions or conditions of severe weather or dirt). Source: European Union. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Synonyms: RuggedSynonyms: broken (adj), craggy (adj), tough (adj). (additional references) |
| Antonym: delicate (adj). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Amorphism | Adjective: shapeless, amorphous, formless; unformed, unhewn, unfashioned, unshaped, unshapen; rough, rude, Gothic, barbarous, rugged. |
Difficulty | Awkward, unwieldy, unmanageable; intractable, stubborn; (obstinate); perverse, refractory, plaguy, trying, thorny, rugged; knotted, knotty; invious; pathless, trackless; labyrinthine; (convoluted); intricate, complicated; (tangled); impracticable; (impossible); not feasible; desperate; (hopeless). |
Discourtesy | Repulsive; uncomplaisant, unaccommodating, unneighborly, ungallant; inaffable; ungentle, ungainly; rough, rugged, bluff, blunt, gruff; churlish, boorish, bearish; brutal, brusque; stern, harsh, austere; cavalier. |
Roughness | Adjective: rough, uneven, scabrous, scaly,knotted; rugged, rugose, rugous; knurly; asperous, crisp, salebrous, gnarled, unpolished, unsmooth, roughhewn; craggy, cragged; crankling, scraggy; prickly; (sharp); arborescent; leafy, well-wooded; feathery; plumose, plumigerous; laciniate, laciniform, laciniose; pappose; pileous, pilose; trichogenous, trichoid; tufted, fimbriated, hairy, ciliated, filamentous, hirsute; crinose, crinite; bushy, hispid, villous, pappous, bearded, pilous, shaggy, shagged; fringed, befringed; setous, setose, setaceous; "like quills upon the fretful porcupine"; rough as a nutmeg grater, rough as a bear. |
Ugliness | Graceless, inelegant; ungraceful, ungainly, uncouth, stiff; rugged, rough, gross, rude, awkward, clumsy, slouching, rickety; gawky; lumping, lumpish; lumbering; hulky, hulking; unwieldy. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Rugged |
| English words defined with "rugged": Amphicome, arete ♦ banded rattlesnake, bluff, brawny ♦ crag, crate, Crotalus horridus horridus ♦ dioon ♦ hardy, hefty, Highlands ♦ Ironbound ♦ Knag ♦ locality ♦ muscular ♦ neighborhood, neighbourhood ♦ outdoorsy ♦ powerful ♦ rugged individualism, rugged individualist, ruggedisation, ruggedization, ruggedly, Ruggy ♦ Salebrous, sinewy, stalwart, stout, Stubbed, sturdy ♦ Tetrical, timber rattlesnake, tough, trail bike ♦ vicinity. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "rugged": Begin ♦ Chariot of the Gods, Commence ♦ Grass ♦ hard landing ♦ moleskin cloth, Mountain ♦ one skid landing ♦ rugged overvoltage ♦ tellurometer, Tyropoeon Valley. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "rugged": Ruggy ♦ Salebrous. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Hey, you won't interfere with the basic rugged concept of me personality, will you madam? (A Hard Day's Night; writing credit: Alun Owen) Somehow I'm confident it's not my rugged good looks to which I owe the honor of this visit. (High Crimes; writing credit: Yuri Zeltser) | |
Tongue Twisters | Around the rugged rocks the ragged rascal ran. (references; author: unknown) Round and round the rugged rocks the ragged rascal ran. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | This Rugged Land (1962) Rugged Bear (1953) The Rugged Path (1918) On Rugged Shores (1914) The Rugged Coast (1913) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Portions of Kenya and Tanzania, Africa can be seen in this image. The peak of Kilimanjaro is on the right; the mountain is flanked by the plains of Amboseli National Park to the north and the rugged Arusha National Park to the south and west. Credit: NASA. |  | Breakers crashing into rugged cliffs on the north shore of Kauai. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | Rugged Alaska coastline - possibly Lisianski Sound. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |  | Rugged Southeast Alaska shoreline. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |
 | A rugged glacial sculpted valley near McMurdo Station. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |  | Nationally known for its beauty, the Paria Canyon has towering walls streaked with desert varnish, huge red rock amphitheaters, sandstone arches, wooded terraces, and hanging gardens. The 3,000-foot escarpment known as the Vermilion Cliffs dominates the remainder of the wilderness with its thick Navajo sandstone face, steep, boulder-strewn slopes and rugged arroyos. Some of the best canyon hiking opportunities on the Colorado River Plateau are found here. Credit: Unknown. |
 | "Marine Leathernecks of a Forward Air Control Unit for the U.S. Marines with the First Marine Division in Korea scan the skies from a rugged ridge, on the alert for incoming close-air support planes that continue to hammer at the Chinese Red troop concentrations just a few thousand yards beyond in the rugged Korean terrain." Photograph and caption released by Commander Naval Forces, Far East, under date of 1 July 1951. Note backpack radio carried by one Marine, while another wears earphones and holds the microphone. Credit: NAVY. |  | Last ditch stand in Luzon. On a rugged, mountainous peninsula and a heavily fortified island American and Filipino troops made their final stand against Japanese invaders of Luzon. Map shows the Bataan Peninsula-Borregidor-Manila area where the U.S. and J. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Nicolas Boileau-despreaux | Honor is like an island, rugged and without a beach; once we have left it, we can never return. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | Uncle Charles was a hale old man with a welltanned skin, rugged features and white side whiskers. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | The development of the market for 4WD and SUV vehicles and family mini-vans suit the rugged driving conditions in Norway. (references) | |
The American Wild West fascinates British travelers, and this type of gently rugged holiday appeals to families and the "soft adventure" group alike. (references) | ||
Vehicles with integrated or complementary accessories for the rugged Norwegian winter season, such as flexible heating systems, engine heaters, roof boxes for skis and luggage, etc., also enjoy good prospects. (references) | ||
Economic History | Georgia | Terrain: Mostly rugged and mountainous. (references) |
North Korea | The most rugged areas are the north and east coasts. (references) | |
Saudi Arabia | Terrain: Primarily desert with rugged mountains in the southwest. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Bhutan | This, along with the country's rugged geography, results in a predominantly self-employed agricultural workforce. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Rugged" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Rugged" is used about 363 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 100% | 363 | 14,875 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "rugged": rugged individualism ♦ rugged individualist ♦ rugged manners ♦ rugged overvoltage ♦ rugged test. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "rugged": rugged-featured, rugged-looking. | |
Ending with "rugged": frizzy-rugged. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "rugged"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | thikë (abrupt, blade, knife, perpendicular, sharp, sharp pain, table knife), maja-maja (spiky), i thyer (aged, bent, broken, cloven, decrepit, exhausted, montane, old, rough, split, uneven), i fortë (able bodied, adamant, adamantine, brawny, cast iron, cogent, decuman, Doughty, durable, endurable, enduring, fast, fierce, firm, flinty, forceful, Hale, hard, Hardy, heavy duty, high pitched, intense, intensive, keen, lancinating, nervous, oaky, potent, powerful, red blooded, refractory, resistant, robust, rocky, rough, screamy, serviceable, sharp, smart, solid, sound, spanking, stable, staunch, steely, stentorian, stiff, stout, strong, sturdy, swashing, swingeing, tenable, tenacious, tough, two-fisted, vehement, vigorous, violent, virile, virulent, well-built, well-set), i dhëmbëzuar (dentate, denticulate, dentiform, jagged, jaggy, jugged, saw edged, serrated, toothed), gropa-gropa (rough). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | فظ (abrupt, blunt, boor, boorish, brusque, brutish, burly, chuffy, churlish, clownish, coarse, country, crude, crusty, curt, discourteous, earthy, grievous, gross, gruff, hairy, harsh, hoarse, ill mannered, impolite, indelicate, low, mannerless, obdurate, off hand, plug ugly, precipitous, rough, rough and ready, rude, ruffianly, rustic, savage, scathe, serious, shaggy, short, sour, surly, uncivil, uncouth, unkind, unmannerly, unprintable), متجعد (crimpy, curling, frizzy, wrinkled, wrinkly), مخدد (fluted, podded), قوي البنية (able bodied, all-mains, burly, going strong, stalwart), قاسي (austere, drastic, hard, hard and fast, hard bitten, harsh, rough, severe, sharp, slashing, stern, stony, strait, strict, stringent, tough, unyielding), قاس (austere, callous, concrete, cruel, cutthroat, drastic, firm, gauge, hard, hard-hearted, harsh, inclement, inflexible, measure, merciless, pitiless, relentless, rigid, rigorous, rough, ruthless, scale, severe, solid, standardize, stark, stern, stiff, strict, stringent, tape, tough, try on, unfeeling, unkind, unyielding), وعر (broken, bumpy, hairy, impassable, irregular, jolty, lumpy, malaise, mountainous, precipitous, ragged, rough, sharp, steep, tight), غليظ (boor, churlish, coarse, hoarse, loutish, mannerless, robust, rustic, stodgy, strongarm, thick, ungainly, unmannerly, wild), حامي (hot, tough), صارم (astringent, austere, disciplinary, dour, driving, exact, extreme, fast, firm, hard, hard and fast, hardheaded, inclement, puritan, ramrod, rigid, rigorous, searching, severe, sharp, stark, stern, stiff, strait, strict, stringent, swingeing, tight, tough, unrelenting, violent), خشن (boorish, bristly, coarse, crude, gross, gruff, ill mannered, impolite, indelicate, jagged, mannerless, plebeian, rasping, raucous, rough, roughen, rowdy, rude, rustic, sand, scabrous, scratchy, stiff, surly, tough, toughen, uncivil, uncouth, vulgar). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | неравен (bumpy, hilly, iron-bound, irregular, jolty, jumpy, knobby, lumpy, patchy, ragged, unequal, uneven), прост но добродушен, бурен (angry, blusterous, blustery, boiling, darnel, dirty, fierce, heavy, roaring, rogue, rough, stormy, tearaway, tempestuous, thunderous, turbulent, vehement, violent, weed, wild), лош (bad, chronic, cobbler, evil, fie-fie, foul, ill natured, ill tempered, ill-conditioned, inferior, loose, lousy, malefic, maleficent, malign, mean, miscreant, miserable, nasty, naughty, poor, rough, severe, shoddy, sinister, sorry, thumping, ugly, vicious, wicked, wrong), здрав (blooming, durable, entire, fast, fit, flourishing, flush, good, hard, healthful, healthy, hearty, hefty, invulnerable, lasting, laudable, lusty, nervous, nervy, reliable, right, robust, rubbery, rude, safe, salubrious, seaworthy, secure, serviceable, sinewy, sleek, sober, sound, stalwart, stanch, staunch, steady, stout, strapping, strong, sturdy, substantial, sure footed, taintless, tenacious, thickset, uncorrupted, up to the mark, vigorous, well, well-conditioned, without scathe), набръчкан (contracted, furrowed, plicate, puckery, rugose, wrinkled, wrinkly), назъбен (crenellated, dentate, denticulate, indented, iron-bound, jagged, lacerated, notched, ragged, saw edged, serrated, toothed), намръщен (dark, frowning, sulky), прост (abc, artless, childlike, common, commonplace, easy, elemental, elementary, funky, grave, homelike, homespun, humble, illiberal, low, native, onefold, open and shut, ordinary, plain, prime, primitive, rustic, simple, sleazy, straight, straightforward, uncomplicated, unpretentious, vulgar), непреклонен (adamant, adamantine, austere, cast iron, implacable, inexorable, inexpiable, inflexible, iron-bound, ironclad, relentless, rigid, rigorous, stern, unbending, uncompromising, unrelenting, unyielding), суров (austere, coarse, crude, dour, draconian, flinty, green, grim, hard, harsh, iron, iron-bound, raw, rigorous, rough, rude, severe, smart, stiff, uncharitable, uncooked, uncouth, unpitying, unseasoned), горист (timbered, well-timbered, wooded, woodsy), грапав (coarse, inelegant, irregular, jagged, ragged, rough, uneven), груб (abrupt, bearish, boeotian, brusque, callous, churlish, clownish, clumsy, coarse, coarse grained, common, crude, cubbish, curt, earthy, feral, glaring, graceless, gross, gruff, hard boiled, harsh, heavy, hoggish, homespun, horny, loutish, low, material, outlandish, raspy, raucous, raw, rough, rough-shod, rowdy, rude, russet, rusty, short, surly, tough, uncivil, uncouth, wild and woolly), каменист (rocky, stony), тежък (cumbrous, dense, difficult, distressing, faint, grave, grievous, grinding, hammering, hard, heavy, hefty, high, hulking, labored, laborious, laboured, leaden, lumping, lumpish, lumpy, massive, massy, muggy, onerous, painful, plodding, ponderous, robust, sad, severe, shrewd, sledgehammer, slow, smart, smashing, soggy, solemn, sore, stiff, stodgy, taxing, thorny, tight, tough, traumatic, trying, unwieldy, uphill, weighty), солиден (lusty, massive, massy, portly, pucka, pukka, secure, solid, sound, steady, sterling, substantial, trustworthy, valid), як (brawny, chopping, fast, fit, flourishing, grunting ox, hard, husky, iron, lusty, robust, rude, stalwart, stocky, stout, sturdy, thickset, tough, two-fisted, vigorous, yak), строг (astringent, austere, censorious, close, firm, grim, hard, hard and fast, hard-grained, hardhanded, ironclad, narrow, religious, rigid, rigorous, severe, sinewy, stern, straitlaced, strict, stringent, taut, unaffable, uncharitable), недодялан (coarse, countrified, gawky, heavy, inurbane, loutish, rough-hewn, rustic, unaccomplished, uncouth, unfinished, unlicked, unrefined, wild and woolly, zizzi). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 陂 (reservoir, uneven), 險 (danger, europium), 坚固性, 嶇 , 嶮 (precipitous), 崎嶇 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | skalnatý (craggy, rocky), silný (bad, big, boisterous, good, hard, heady, heavy, hefty, high, large, lusty, mighty, muscular, potent, powerful, red blooded, robust, rude, stalwart, stiff, stocky, stout, strong, sturdy, thick, tough, valid, vigorous, violent), nevlídný (dismal, gruff, inclement, sour, stern, surly, testy, uncongenial, unfriended, unfriendly, unkind), neumìlý, nerovný (broken, inequitable, odd, one sided, ragged, rough, unequal, uneven), neotesaný (churlish, coarse, common, gross, ignorant, loutish, uncouth), mrzutý (annoying, awkward, bad tempered, chuff, crabbed, cranky, cross, crusty, dumpish, frumpish, glum, grouchy, joyless, Moody, out of temper, peevish, pettish, sulky, sullen, surly, testy, untoward, vexatious), hrbolatý (bumpy, knobby, nodulated, rough, uneven). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | ru (coarse, rough), robust forstærket (ruggedised, ruggedized), ujævn, specificeret MOSFET (ruggedised, ruggedized). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | ruw (abusive, brute, coarse, crude, harsh, rough), oneffen (bumpy, coarse, rough), gehard (ruggedised, ruggedized). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | نیرومند (Frank, Hale, Main, Mighty, Nervy, Potent, Prolific, Stout, Strong, Valiant, Vigorous), ناهموار (Bumpy, Jagged, Ragged, Rough, Rude, Scaly, Uneven, Unfair), تنومند (Burly, Corpulent, Huge, Robust, Stalwart, Sturdy), سخت (Adjacent, Chronic, Crusty, Demanding, Difficult, Dogged, Dour, Eburnated, Exquisite, Grave, Grim, Rigid, Rigorous, Rocky, Serious, Severe, Sore, Steely, Stratify, Stringent, Strong, Troublesome), زمخت (Blowsy, Blowzy, Churlish, Clumsy, Coarse, Crass, Crude, Gross, Hard, Impolite, Raucous, Rough, Rude, Tough), شدید (Boisterous, Chronic, Diametrical, Drastic, Exquisite, Grievous, Hard, Inclement, Intense, Intensive, Keen, Rigorous, Severe, Sopping, Stalwart, Strenuous, Tough, Vehement, Vigorous, Violent), بی تمدن (Uncivil). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | lujatekoinen (hard-wearing, of solid make), kestävä (durable, enduring, fast, hardy, lasting, permanent, sturdy). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | rugueux, raboteux, accidenté. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | stabil (fast, firm, robust, solid, sound, stable, stably, strong, strongly, sturdily, sturdy, well-built), rauh (abrasive, bleak, bleakly, coarse, crude, gnarled, grating, gravelly, gruff, harsh, harshly, hoarse, husky, inclement, inclemently, raucous, raucously, raw, rough, roughly, scraggly, severe, sore, stark, throatily, throaty, tough, unrefined, unwrought, wild). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | πετρώδησ (rocky, stony), ενισχυμένος (enhanced, fortified, strengthened), ανώμαλοσ (aberrant, abnormal, anomalous, bumpy, irregular, rough, scraggly, spotty, uneven), ανώμαλος (abnormal, anomalous, irregular), απότομοσ (abrupt, bluff, blunt, brusque, curt, jerky, offhand, plump, steep), τραχύσ (abrasive, abrupt, coarse, grating, gritty, gruff, harsh, inclinable, ragged, raucous, rough, rude, scabrous, scraggly, screechy, seamy, throaty, tough), τραχύς (abrasive, gruff, harsh, husky, rough), διαταραγμένος. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | מחוספס (coarse, gnarled, hirsute, ragged, rough, scaled off, tough, uneven), סלעי (adamant, rocky, stony). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | szaggatott (discursive, intermittent, jerky, staccato), rögös (cragged), nyers (assertive, blunt, brusque, burly, coarse, concrete, crude, ecru, feral, gruff, harsh, pure, ramage, raw, rough cast, rough spoken, rude, surly, undressed), hányatott, göröngyös (bumpy, cloddish, Cloggy, lumpy), egyenetlen (bitty, cragged, erratic, irregular, jagged, jerky, jolting, out of level, patchy, ragged, rough, scored, scraggly, scraggy, uneven), csiszolatlan (inelegant, rough, rough-hewn), életerős (beany, ebullient, full-blood, living, lusty, sappy, vigorous). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | ruvido (coarse, crabbed, harsh, rough, scabrous, scraggy, scratchy, shaggy), rugoso (wrinkled), rude (brutal, coarse, gruff, harsh, rough, rude, sour, sullen, surly, tough, unkind, unpleasant), rozzo (boorish, churlish, coarse, crude, cubbish, impolite, loutish, rank, rough, rude, uncouth, unmannerly, unsubtle), robusto (able bodied, beefy, bouncing, burly, chunky, Hale, Hardy, hearty, hefty, muscular, robust, stout, strapping, strong, sturdy, tough), rigido (harsh, inflexible, martinet, numbly, primly, relentless, rigid, rigorous, severe, stark, stern, stiff, strait laced, stringent, taut, wooden), tempestoso (blustering, blusterous, stormy, tempestuous, wild), irsuto (hairy, hirsute, ragged), forte (aloud, big, brawny, deep, Doughty, fast, fastness, forceful, Fort, forte, hard, hardly, heavy, hefty, high, hot, keen, living, loud, loudly, mighty, nervous, nervy, potent, puissant, racy, robust, severe, short, shrewd, stiff, stout, strong, sturdy, tough, vigorous), duro (adamant, bitter, dull, flinty, grueling, gruelling, hard, hard part, hard-hearted, harsh, rough, severe, sharp, something hard, steely, stiff, swingeing, testing, tight, tough, trying), aspro (abrasive, acerbic, acid, acrid, acrimonious, acute, bitter, foxy, gruff, harsh, hoarse, lurid, rough, scathing, sharp, smart, sour, stark, tart, uncharitable). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 詰屈した , "った"す (angular, be crowded or jammed with people, scraggy, sound of gushing water, to be in a turmoil, to be in confusion or commotion), み使い (angel, be impatient, bushy, conspicuously, crunch, giant flying squirrel, incomprehensible muttering, irresistibly, itch, itchy, make good use of, make the most of, morose, munch, nausea, offended, queasy, ragged, shaggy, soy sauce, stuffy, suddenly, sullen, surge of anger, talking in sleep, to be fretful, to be in a spleen, to be in a temper, to be in ill humour, to be irritated, to be vexed, to become angry or sullen, to become serious, to blow, to feel irritated, to feel offended, to feel sick, to fret, to have the appearance of ~, to jerk off, to masturbate, to show signs of ~, to take somethingseriously, woman's desire). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | きっくつした, "つ"つ (angular, scraggy), むしゃくしゃ (bushy, ragged, shaggy). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 어 운. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | ruggagh (harsh, rough), mollagh (bushy, hirsute, rough, rough-coated, rude), garroo (boisterous, coarse, coarse-fibred, crude, dirty, dirty of weather, hairy, harsh, husky, ill-mannered, jagged, low, naughty, pockmarked, raw, rough, rough-and-tumble, rough-spoken, rude, scraggy, stormy, stormy as sea, stubbly, uncouth, undressed, uneven, uneven as ground, vulgar), cregganagh (bass, cragged, groper, rockbound, rocky), barbagh (rough, rough-mannered, rude, severe, sharp). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | uggedray rugoso (furry, gnarled, gnarly, hackmatack, joggly, lumpy, ridged, ridgy, rough, rugous, scabrous, scraggy, scratchy, scrawny, wrinkly), acidentado (bumpy, hilt, rangy, ridged, ridgy, rough, up and down, waggly). (various references) robust (bouncing, Hale, Hardy, hefty, iron, lusty, red blooded, robust, rude, stalwart, stout, strapping, strong, strong-limbed, sturdy, tough, well knit), violent (acute, bad, boisterous, desperate, fiercely, furious, heady, heavy, high, high-spirited, impetuous, raging, rampageous, rampant, rankly, robust, rough, rowdy, rude, severe, sharp, splitting, strong, sudden, towering, truculent, ungovernable, vehement, violent, virulent, wanton), solid (awfully, big, deep, durable, enduring, fast, firm, firmly, hard, hard and fast, hefty, massive, massy, portly, profound, reliable, rocky, safe, secure, serious, solid, solidly, sound, soundly, Square, stable, sterling, stiff, stout, strapping, strong, tenable, tough, well knit), sever (austere, close, dour, drastic, exacting, firm, frowning, grim, hard, harsh, keen, narrow, rigid, rigidly, rigorous, severe, stern, Strait, strict, unrelenting), sãlbatic (barbarous, bloodthirsty, brutal, brutish, cruel, feral, ferine, ferocious, fierce, fiery, haggard, harsh, impetuous, inhuman, inhumanly, sanguinary, savage, shaggy, tameless, truculent, uncivilized, uncouth, uncouthly, uncultivated, uncultured, ungovernable, unruly, unsociable, violent, wild, wild man), neuniform (irregular, patchy), neregulat (broken, disorderly, erratic, fitful, irregular, irregularly, odd, patchy, ragged, scraggy, snatchy, unequal, uneven), neînduplecat (cast iron, hard bitten, inexorable, inflexible, relentless, rigid, sticky, unyielding), masiv (big, bulky, burly, fat, full, heap, heavy, massif, massive, massively, massy, portly, solid, stout, substantial, unwieldy, voluminous, wholesale), grosolan (boorish, broad, brutish, churlish, clumsy, coarse, coarsely, crass, crude, currish, elephantine, flagrant, glaring, gross, grossly, homespun, ill bred, indecorous, indelicately, inurbane, large, loutish, oafish, rank, rough, roughly, rude, rustic, trivial, unaccomplished, unmannerly, vulgar), furtunos (agitated, boisterous, disorderly, gusty, rough, stormy, tempestuous), colţuros (angular, angulous, ragged), aspru (abrupt, abruptly, acid, acrimonious, biting, brisk, callous, clumsy, coarse, crisp, dour, drastic, earthy, edgy, exacting, firm, grating, gruelling, gruff, hard, harsh, hoarse, homespun, husky, ill, inclement, iron, iron-fisted, keen, lashing, nippy, obdurate, punitive, rasping, rigid, rigidly, rigorous, robust, rough, scabrous, severe, severely, shaggy, shy, smart, snappish, stern, stiff, Strait, strict, strong, stubborn, tough, unkind, violent, wiry), accidentat (billowy, broken, bumpy, casualty, hilly, injured, odd, rough, troubled, uneven, wounded), încruntat (frowning, glum, glumly, stuffy, sullen). (various references) сильный (bad, big, brawny, closely-coupled, exquisite, forceful, forcible, hard, intense, iron, keen, lively, lusty, marrowy, muscular, pithy, potent, powerful, racy, strenuous, strong, sturdy, swashing, swingeing, two-fisted, upstanding, vehement, vigorous, violent), тяжелый (clunky, difficile, grave, grievous, grinding, hammerblow, hammer-blow, hard, heartrending, heart-rending, heavy, leaden, lumping, ponderous, rough, severe, sopor, stodgy, weighty, wrenching), крепкий (able bodied, beefy, burly, copper-bottomed, fast, firm, generous, hard, hearty, knitted, lusty, oaky, rocky, solid, stiff, strong, sturdy, tenacious, trig, unbeaten, wakeless, well-built, well-set), бурный (blusterous, blustery, boisterous, frenetic, gusty, heavy, hectic, rambunctious, rude, squally, stormy, tempestuous, turbulent, vulcanic), прочный (durable, endurable, enduring, fail-safe, fast, firm, indissoluble, reliable, resistant, serviceable, sound, stable, stout, strong, tenable, tough). (various references) sgr bach. (various references) smežuran (crony, rugose, rugous, shrivelled, shrunken, wizened, wrinkled), neravan (bumpy, cloggy, rough, scabrous, uneven), krepak (hale), hrapav (coarse, cracked, harsh, husky, ragged, rasping, raucous, rough, scabrous, scraggy), buran (boisterous, inclement, rackety, roaring, squally, stormy, tempestuous, tumultuous). (various references) escabroso (harsh, jolty, naughty, obscene, ribald, risky, rough, scabrous, tough, uneven), áspero (abrupt, acid, brusque, coarse, crotchety, disagreeable, grating, hackly, hard, harsh, jagged, rasping, rough, scraggy, severe, sharp, sour, strict, tart, unpolished). (various references) skrovlig (abrasive, craggy, gravelly, hoarse, husky, raucous, rough, scabrous), oländig, kantig (abrupt, angular, edgy), barsk (gruff, harsh, stern). (various references) เข้มแข็ง, ห้าวหาญ, ขรุขระ (bumpy, ragged, rough). (various references) zorlu (formidable, intractable, mighty, redoubtable, robust, sticky, stiff, stringent, sweaty, thorny, tough), yontulmamış (barbarous, bearish, brutal, clodhopping, clownish, coarse, coarse grained, craggy, hobnailed, rough-hewn, rustic, shaggy, uncut), yalçın (steep), sarp (abrupt, arduous, bluff, craggy, jagged, precipitous, rapid, scarped, steep, stiff), sağlam (able bodied, bankable, bouncing, calculable, cast iron, consolidated, dyed in grain, fast, firm, flat-footed, foolproof, foursquare, gilt-edged, good, granitic, Hale, hard, healthy, hearty, indissoluble, invulnerable, lusty, responsible, runproof, safe, scatheless, secure, secured, solid, sound, stable, stalwart, stanch, staunch, steady, steely, stout, strong, sturdy, substantial, substantive, sure, tough, unfaltering, unshakable, unshaken, valid, whole), kuvvetli (Doughty, energetic, forceful, heady, healty, hearty, intense, lusty, mighty, muscular, potent, powered, powerful, retentive, robust, sappy, sinewed, sinewy, sound, stalwart, stout, strong, swinging, tenacious, vigorous, virile, virulent), kulakları tırmalayan (harsh), kayalık (bluff, cliff, crag, rockwork, rocky, rocky place, scar, scaur), kaba (abrupt, barbarous, base, bearish, boorish, brusque, brutal, brutish, churlish, clodhopping, coarse, coarse grained, common, crass, crude, discourteous, disobliging, disrespectful, doric, foul, graceless, gross, gruff, gutter, hard-hitting, harsh, heavy, hobnailed, hoggish, ill bred, ill mannered, impolite, incondite, indelicate, inelegant, loud, loutish, offhand, offhanded, ornery, puffy, rank, rough, rough-hewn, roughly, rude, rustic, short-spoken, splay, swinish, tactless, unceremonious, unchivalrous, uncivil, uncomplaisant, uncomplimentary, uncouth, underbred, unfinished, ungainly, ungalant, ungentle, ungentlemanlike, ungentlemanly, ungraceful, ungracious, unmannerly, unparliamentary, unpolished, unrefined, vulgar), inişli çıkışlı (bumpy, chequered, remittent, seesaw, surging, surgy, undulant, uneven, up and down, with ups and downs), fırtınalı (angry, boisterous, dirty, gusty, heavy, inclement, intemperate, nasty, rough, squally, stormy, tempestuous, turbulent, ugly, wild), engebeli (bumpy, rough, rude, uneven), bet (rude), çetin (arduous, difficult, dingdong, hard, robust, stiff, tough). (various references) нерівний (anomalous, banky, broken, drunken, humpy, inconstant, inequable, irregular, ragged, rough, splashy, stair-step, tremulant, tremulous, unequal, uneven, unsteady), нахмурений, зморшкуватий (lined, rugose, rugous, withered, wrinkled, wrinkly). (various references) xù xì thô lỗ, vạm vỡ (burly, hefty, husky, muscular, stalwart, strapping), thô kệch (agrestic, cloddish, rough-hewn), lởm chởm (bristly), khó nhọc (onerous, painful, stiff, toiful, toilsome, troublesome), hay qu u quạu vất vả, hay gắt (bearish, biliously, cursed), gian truân; khổ hạnh trúc trắc, gian khổ (arduous, arduously, hard), g" ghề (rough, roughly, uneven, unlevelled, unsmooth), chối tai khoẻ mạnh. (various references) ysgithrog (craggy, fanged, tusked), clogyrnaidd (clumsy, rough), amddyfrwys (marshy, mighty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | aspera, asperam, asperas, asperum, sentis. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "rugged": ruggeder, ruggedest, ruggedization, ruggedizations, ruggedize, ruggedized, ruggedizes, ruggedizing, ruggedly, ruggedness, ruggednesses. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "rugged": bedrugged, drugged, frugged, shrugged. (additional references) | |
| |
"Rugged" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: progged, Regge, riggen, rigget, Ruge, ruged, rugen, ruger, Ruggelde, rugid, runged. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "rugged" (pronounced ru"gud) |
| 3 | -g u d | legged, ragged. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: grudge, gurged. | |
| Words within the letters "d-e-g-g-r-u" | |
-1 letter: gurge, urged. | |
-2 letters: dreg, drug, dure, grue, gude, rude, rued, urge. | |
-3 letters: due, dug, egg, erg, ged, red, reg, rue, rug, urd. | |
-4 letters: de, ed, er, re. | |
| Words containing the letters "d-e-g-g-r-u" | |
+1 letter: drugged, drugget, druggie, frugged, grudged, grudger, grudges, gurgled. | |
+2 letters: begrudge, buggered, debugger, druggets, druggier, druggies, grudgers, regauged, ruggeder, ruggedly, shrugged, unrigged. | |
+3 letters: bedrugged, begrudged, begrudges, debuggers, druggiest, rejudging, rejuggled, ruggedest, ruggedize, struggled. | |
+4 letters: bedrugging, begrudging, budgerigar, bulldogger, desugaring, guerdoning, outbragged, outdragged, prejudging, redarguing, ruggedized, ruggedizes, ruggedness, undergoing. | |
+5 letters: budgerigars, bulldoggers, bullyragged, demagoguery, forejudging, goddaughter, ruggedizing, skulduggery. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)52 75 67 67 65 64 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).-. ..- --. --. . -.. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010010 01110101 01100111 01100111 01100101 01100100 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)R u g g e d |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0052 0075 0067 0067 0065 0064 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)528773737170 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Translations: Ancient 16. Derivations | 17. Rhymes 18. Anagrams 19. Orthography 20. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
| Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions: woordeboek, fjalor, معجم, قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 字引 , じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , 사 , dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for dictionary; definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, الوضوحية في الشيء, حد, تحديد, تعريف, التحديد, الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition; vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ترجمة, إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation; Albaans, Albanies, Albaniese taal, shqip, الألبانية, الألباني, албанец, албански език, албански, Albanyano, 阿"巴尼亚语, 阿爾巴尼亞人 , albánský, Albanees, albanskt, albanialainen, Albanais, Albaneesk, albaner, αλβανικόσ, Αλβανός, αλβανόσ, arbnisht, arbërisht, albán, albanskur, albanska, AlbÚinis, albanese, 알"니아, Albaneagh, albanês, arnãut, albanez, arnãuţesc, албанский, Alapania, albanski, albanac, albanés, alban, Arnavut, албанський, албанка, албанець, for Albanian; Arabies, arabishte, العربية, عربي, اللغة العربية, арабски език, арабски, 阿拉伯 , arabský, arabština, arábiskt, arabialainen, arabe, Arabysk, arabisch, αραβικόσ, ערבית, ערבי, arab, arabo, 아라비아, Arabish, arabir, arabic, арабский, Arapi, arapski, árabe, arabisk, าษาหรืออักขระอาหรับ, เกี่ยวกับอาระเบีย, arapça, arap, araplara özgü, арабська мова, арабський, tiếng A-rập, thuộc A-rập, for Arabic; Bulgaars, Bulgaar, bulgr, البلغارية, بلغاري, Búlgaru, български, български език, българин, Bulgaryan, 保 利亚, bulharský, bulgarer, bulgarskt, bulgarialainen, Bulgaarsk, bulgare, 'ούλγαρος, bullgar, bolgár, bulgaro, 불가리아, Bulgeyragh, Bulgeyrish, Bułgar, болгарский, болгарин, bugarski jezik, bugarski, bugarka, bugarin, búlgaro, bulgar, bulgaristan ile ilgili, болгарський, người Bun-ga-ri tiếng Bun-ga-ri, for Bulgarian; Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, الصينية, لغة الصين, صيني, الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, Chinu, китайски, Ininsik, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kinesiskt, kinverskur, kiinalainen, Chinois, Sineesk, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, Kínverji, Sínis, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Cina, Sheenish, Sheenagh, Hainamana, chines, Chińczyk, chinês, chinés, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, Saina, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, snesi, sneysi, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита"ць, for Chinese; Tsjeggies, Tsjeg, çek, تشيكي, اللغة التشيكوسلوفاكية, التشيكي أحد أبناء تشيكوسلوفاكيا, Checu, чешки, Sekoslovakyano, 捷克語 , 捷克语, 捷克 , èesky, èeské, èech, èeština, èeský, èeška, tjekker, tjekke, Tsjech, Tsjechisch, tjekkiskt, t?ekkiläinen, tchèque, Tsjechysk, Tscheche, tschechisch, Tschechin, Τσέχος, cseh, ceco, 체", Sheckagh, Sheckish, Czech, chèc, ceh, чешский, češki jezik, čeh, češki, checo, tjeck, Çek, çekoslovakyalı kimse, çekoslovakyalı, çek dili, чех, чеська мова, чеський, чешка, người Séc tiếng Séc, for Czech; Deens, danisht, danishte, لغة الدانمركية, نوع كعك, دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish; Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, هولندي, اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, "ול "י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란", Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b xã", for Dutch; Farsi, Parsi, persiskt, Fasi, for Farsi; Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, اللغة الفنلندية, فنلندية, فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for Finnish; Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, فرنسي, اللغة الفرنسية, الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French; Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ضرب من الرقص, جرماني, المانية, الماني, اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German; Grieks, Griek, الإغريقي, يوناني, اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, grec |
