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Definition: Rude |
RudeAdjective1. Socially incorrect in behavior; "resentment flared at such an unmannered intrusion". 2. (of persons) lacking in refinement or grace. 3. Lacking civility or good manners; "want nothing from you but to get away from your uncivil tongue"- Willa Cather. 4. (used especially of commodities) in the natural unprocessed condition; "natural yogurt"; "natural produce"; "raw wool"; "raw sugar"; "bales of rude cotton". 5. Belonging to an early stage of technical development; characterized by simplicity and (often) crudeness; "the crude weapons and rude agricultural implements of early man"; "primitive movies of the 1890s"; "primitive living conditions in the Appalachian mountains". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "rude" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references) |
Note: Rude \Rude\, adjective. [Comparative Ruder; superlative Rudest.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Rude [WPI] adj. 1. (of a program) Badly written. 2. Functionally poor, e.g., a program that is very difficult to use because of gratuitously poor (random?) design decisions. Oppose cuspy. 3. Anything that manipulates a shared resource without regard for its other users in such a way as to cause a (non-fatal) problem. Examples: programs that change tty modes without resetting them on exit, or windowing programs that keep forcing themselves to the top of the window stack. Compare all-elbows. Source: Jargon File. |
Slang | To dog. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
François Rude (June 4, 1784 - November 3, 1855) was a French sculptor.Born in Dijon, he worked at his father's trade as a stovemaker till the age of sixteen, but in 1809 he went to Paris from the Dijon school of art, and became a pupil of Castellier, obtaining the Grand Prix in 1812. After the second restoration of the Bourbonss he retired to Brussels, where he got some work under the architect Van der Straeten, who employed him to execute nine bas-reliefs in the palace of Tervueren.
At Brussels Rude married Sophie Freiniet, the daughter of a Bonapartist compatriot to whom he had many obligations, but gladly availed himself of an opportunity to return to Paris, where in 1827 a statue of the Virgin for St Gervais and a Mercury fastening his Sandals (now in the Louvre, Paris) obtained much attention.
His great success dates, however, from 1833, when he received the cross of the Legion of Honour for his statue of a Neapolitan Fisher Boy playing with a Tortoise (now in the Louvre), which also procured for him the important commission for all the ornament and one group on the Arc de Triomphe, in Paris. This group, La Marseillaise, aka. Départ des volontaires de 1792 (Departure of the Volunteers of 1792), a work full of energy and fire, immortalizes the name of Rude.
Amongst other productions we may mention Napoleon Awakening to Immortality (Musee d'Orsay, Paris), the statue of the mathematician Gaspard Monge (1848), Jeanne d'Arc, in the gardens of the Luxembourg (1852), a Calvary in bronze for the high altar of St Vincent de Paul (1855), as well as Hebe and the Eagle of Jupiter (Musee des Beaux Arts, Dijon), Love Triumphant and Christ on the Cross, all of which appeared at the Salon of 1857 after his death.
An important pupil of Rude was Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux, who subsequently executed his own interpretation of a Neapolitan Fisher Boy (a popular subject at the time).
External Links
This entry was originally from the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica. Please update as needed.
- Hebe
- Neapolitan Fisherboy from the official Louvre site
- More views of the Neapolitan Fisherboy
- Views of the Arc de Triomphe
- French language site listing works by Rude, with access to large images
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Franois Rude."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Rude means crude or rough in form of workmanship; barbarous or ignorant; lacking refinement, culture, or elegance; discourteous; unmannerly; rough, violent, or harsh; discordant; having or showing little skill or development; or imprecise.(From the Jargon File) When used to describe a computer program, rude means that the program was badly written; functionally poor, e.g., a program that is very difficult to use because of gratuitously poor (random?) design decisions (oppose cuspy); or that the program manipulates a shared resource without regard for its other users in such a way as to cause a (non-fatal) problem. Examples: programs that change tty modes without resetting them on exit, or windowing programs that keep forcing themselves to the top of the window stack. Compare all-elbows.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Rude."
Synonyms: RudeSynonyms: bounderish (adj), crude (adj), ill-bred (adj), ill-mannered (adj), lowbred (adj), natural (adj), primitive (adj), raw(a) (adj), rude(a) (adj), uncivil (adj), underbred (adj), unmannered (adj), unmannerly (adj), yokelish (adj). (additional references) |
| Antonym: civil (adj). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Amorphism | Adjective: shapeless, amorphous, formless; unformed, unhewn, unfashioned, unshaped, unshapen; rough, rude, Gothic, barbarous, rugged. |
Commonalty | Rustic, uncivilized; loutish, boorish, clownish, churlish, brutish, raffish; rude, unlicked. |
Discourtesy | Uncivil, ungracious, unceremonious; cool; pert, forward, obtrusive, impudent, rude, saucy, precocious. |
Render rude; ad.; brutalize, brutify. | |
Disobedience | Phrase: seditiosissimus quisque ignavus; "unthread the rude eye of rebellion". |
Disrespect | Adjective: disrespectful; aweless, irreverent; disparaging; insulting;Verb: supercilious, contemptuous, patronizing; (scornful); rude, derisive, sarcastic; scurrile, scurrilous; contumelious. |
Health | Noun: health, sanity; soundness; Adjective: vigor; good health, perfect health, excellent health, rude health, robust health; bloom. mens sana in corpore sano; Hygeia; incorruption, incorruptibility; good state of health, clean bill of health; eupepsia; euphoria, euphory; St. Anthony's fire. |
Ignorance | Shallow, superficial, green, rude, empty, half-learned, illiterate; unread, uninformed, uneducated, unlearned, unlettered, unbookish; empty-headed,dizzy, wooly-headed; pedantic; |
Inelegance | Adjective: inelegant, graceless, ungraceful; harsh, abrupt; dry, stiff, cramped, formal, guinde; forced, labored; artificial, mannered, ponderous; awkward, uncourtly, unpolished; turgid; affected, euphuistic; barbarous, uncouth, grotesque, rude, crude, halting; offensive to ears polite. |
Malediction | Abuse; foul language, bad language, strong language, unparliamentary language; billingsgate, sauce, evil speaking; cursing; Verb: profane swearing, oath; foul invective, ribaldry, rude reproach, scurrility. |
Ugliness | Graceless, inelegant; ungraceful, ungainly, uncouth, stiff; rugged, rough, gross, rude, awkward, clumsy, slouching, rickety; gawky; lumping, lumpish; lumbering; hulky, hulking; unwieldy. |
Violence | Adjective: violent, vehement; warm; acute, sharp; rough, rude, ungentle, bluff, boisterous, wild; brusque, abrupt, waspish; impetuous; rampant. |
Vulgarity | Unkempt. uncombed, untamed, unlicked, unpolished, uncouth; plebeian; incondite; heavy, rude, awkward; homely, homespun, home bred; provincial, countrified, rustic; boorish, clownish; savage, brutish, blackguard, rowdy, snobbish; barbarous, barbaric; Gothic, |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Rude |
| English words defined with "rude": abuse, affront, affronted, Arrastre, Auncel ♦ Boistous, boorishness, Boothy, brusk, brusque, Brutely, buffoon ♦ Carl, cheekiness, churlish, Churly, civil, Clodhopping, clown, contumely, crude, crust, Curiologic, currish, curt ♦ Deprostrate, discourteous, discourtesy, disrespectful, Dolabra ♦ freshness ♦ gall, graffiti, graffito, growl, grumble ♦ Hoiden, Home-bred ♦ Immorigerous, impertinence, impudence, In the rough, Incivil, Incondite, Incult, insolence, insult, insulted, Inurbane ♦ Kibitka ♦ Lake dwellings, League offensive and defensive ♦ Misbehaved ♦ natural ♦ Peasantlike, Piffara, polite, primitive ♦ Rancho, raw, revilement, Rompish, Rough diamond, rough-spoken, rudeness, Rudish, rule of thumb, rumble, Rural deanery, Rustic work ♦ Savagism, Scamble, short, Strumstrum ♦ Tomrig, Trenchmore ♦ Uncult, unparliamentary, Unpolite, Unrude, Uplandish. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "rude": all-elbows ♦ BEAR-GARDEN JAW, Belted Will, Beolsabob, Black ball ♦ Chech, Cockle Shells, cuspy ♦ DISCOURSE ♦ Hectors, HOGGISH, Hogmanay', Hogmena' ♦ JCL, Job Control Language ♦ Kay, Kist-vaen ♦ Menah, Mermaids, Myrmidons of the Law ♦ Narrow House ♦ Pole-cat ♦ rodney ♦ Sarsen Stones, Saturnian Verses, Saxon Characteristics, Standards, symbolic, Symbols of Saints ♦ UNLICKED CUB ♦ Weather, Whately, William. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "rude": Unrude. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Rude" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. French (abrasive, abrupt, abusive, acerbic, acid, acrid, acrimonious, acute, bearish, biting, bleak, coarse, crude, hard, harsh, lurid, mannerless, rough, rude, rugged, set, sharp, unkind), Italian (brutal, coarse, gruff, harsh, rough, rude, rugged, sour, sullen, surly, tough, unkind, unpleasant), Portuguese (abrupt, backwoods, barbaric, boisterous, bumbling, caveman, cloddish, coarse, crude, discourteous, displeasing, disrespectful, gothic, gruff, harsh, homespun, husky, incondite, knockabout, larrikin, low-lived, point-blank, raw, rough, rude, rugged, rumbustious, rustic, snippy, tart, tough, unaffable, uncivil, uncouth, uneducated, ungracious, unkind, unnurtured, unpolished, untaught, upstage), Romanian (belongings, connection, folk, kin, kindred, kinsfolk, own, people). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I realize that when I met you at the turkey curry buffet, I was unforgivably rude, and wearing a reindeer jumper (Bridget Jones's Diary; writing credit: Helen Fielding) Excuse me for being rude. It was not me, it was my food (Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery; writing credit: Mike Myers) Now really, it's rude enough being alive when no one wants you, but showing up uninvited to a wedding (Shrek; writing credit: Ted Elliott) Oh, no. All that traffic and noise and pollution, and rude people (Caroline in the City; writing credit: Angela Carneiro) Whispering's rude! (Little House on the Prairie; writing credit: Arthur Heinemann; John Hawkins) | |
Lyrics | You get in a crowd of high class people and then you act real rude to me (Use Me; performing artist: Bill Withers) Please excuse, if I come across rude (No Diggity; performing artist: Blackstreet) Or 19 kinda snotty actin real rude (Ride Wit Me (Featuring City Spud); performing artist: Nelly) I don’t want to be rude at all (Faded; performing artist: Soul Decision) Not that I was tryin' to be rude (Daydreamin'; performing artist: Tatyana Ali) | |
Clever | Life lesson: A person who is nice to you, but rude to the waiter, is not a nice person. (references; author: unknown) Treat everyone with politeness, even those who are rude to you; not because they are nice, but because you are. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Rude Awakening (2002) The Rude Intruder (1972) A Rude Hostess (1909) Rude Awakening (1908) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
A monstrous black hole's rude table manners include blowing huge bubbles of hot gas into ... Credit: NASA. | ![]() | Pantropical spotted dolphin swimming ahead of the NOAA Ship RUDE Stenella attenuata. Credit: NOAA's Ark (Animals). | |
![]() | Dolphin in the bow wave of the NOAA Ship RUDE. Credit: NOAA's Ark (Animals). | ![]() | Gilbert T. Rude As a young aid. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
![]() | NOAA Ship RUDE tied up at sunset at NOAA's Atlantic Marine Center in Norfolk. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. | ![]() | Change of command on the NOAA Ship RUDE. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
![]() | A diagram of the "new"wiredrag system as operated off the NOAA Ships RUDE and HECK in 1986. Little change in design or concept had occurred between 1924 and 1986. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. | ![]() | Rude awakening from a dream of conquest. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | The fading dream, or the rude awakening. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Twelve-year old girl of family of nine, cooking meal in rude, open lean-to near hut, Tennessee. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
| Hot rod; muscle car; engine; rev; revving; 8-cylinder; fast; drag racing; car racing; brash; brassy; brazen; chintzy; coarse; crass; crude; flamboyant; flashy; garish; gaudy; glaring; lurid; meretricious; obnoxious; obtrusive; ostentatious; raucous; rude. | Rude; disgusting; vulgar; crude; burp; awkward; backward; barnyard; boorish; cheap; cloddish; clumsy; coarse; crass; dirty; earthy; filthy; foul; grody; gross; ignorant; ill-bred; indecent; indelicate; inelegant; insensible; lewd; loud; loud-mouthed; lout. | ||
| Snap; attention; impatient; ordering; rude; . | |||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Aubrey Beardsley | No language is rude that can boast polite writers. |
Oscar Wilde | A true gentleman is one who is never unintentionally rude. |
Plutarch | These Macedonians are a rude and clownish people; they call a spade a spade. |
Thomas Gray | Each in his narrow cell for ever laid, the rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. | 1963 | Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. (Delivered on the steps at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. on August 28, 1949) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Rules and Regulations | Carroll, Lewis | Be rude to strangers |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | These, after exhausting other modes of amusement, now thronged about Hester Prynne with rude and boorish intrusiveness |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | His nurse had taught him Irish and shaped his rude imagination by the broken lights of Irish myth |
King Richard III | Shakespeare, William | Rude ragged nurse, old sullen playfellow For tender princes, use my babies well |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | Their buildings, although very rude and simple, are not inconvenient, but well contrived to defend them from all injuries of cold and heat |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | This man seemed to me to lean over the cornice, and timidly whisper his half truth to the rude occupants who really knew it better than he. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Do you have the mumps? No! People with mumps have a very different condition, even though both involve swelling of the sides of your face. Some people who ask questions are well-meaning, some are curious, and some are just plain rude. You don't have to answer if you don't want to. You can just ignore the question. (references) | |
Economic History | South Korea | Historically, Korea was a part of China's "tribute" system under which Korea maintained its independence but recognized China as a "cultural superior." Although the isolationist policies of the Yi court allowed the Choseon dynasty to maintain stability, the country fell behind international developments and subsequently was given a rude awakening to the new world order that existed in the latter half of the 19th century. (references) |
Human Rights | Netherlands | In April both the judiciary and the public prosecutor introduced procedures whereby complaints can be filed for perceived impolite or rude treatment by either a judge or prosecutor. (references) |
Travel | Uae | It is rude to refuse this beverage. (references) |
Women | Malaysia | An April 1999 press report described complaints by NGO's and women's groups of rude and insensitive treatment by staff and officers of Islamic courts. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | SYMBOLIC, adj. Pertaining to symbols and the use and interpretation of symbols. They say 'tis conscience feels compunction; I hold that that's the stomach's function, For of the sinner I have noted That when he's sinned he's somewhat bloated, Or ill some other ghastly fashion Within that bowel of compassion. True, I believe the only sinner Is he that eats a shabby dinner. You know how Adam with good reason, For eating apples out of season, Was "cursed." But that is all symbolic: The truth is, Adam had the colic. G.J. T T, the twentieth letter of the English alphabet, was by the Greeks absurdly called tau. In the alphabet whence ours comes it had the form of the rude corkscrew of the period, and when it stood alone (which was more than the Phoenicians could always do) signified Tallegal, translated by the learned Dr. Brownrigg, "tanglefoot." |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | By the increase of domestic manufactures will the demand for the rude materials at home be increased, and thus will the dependence of the several parts of our Union on each other and the strength of the Union itself be proportionably augmented. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Rude" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Rude" is used about 984 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 100% | 984 | 7,446 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "rude" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Rude | Last name | 1,000 | 8,248 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "rude": a rude awakening ♦ be in rude health ♦ be rude ♦ be rude to ♦ be rude to smb. ♦ become rude ♦ evil and rude ♦ in rude health ♦ rude act ♦ rude action ♦ rude awakening ♦ rude fellow ♦ rude habit ♦ rude health ♦ rude implement ♦ rude remark ♦ rude reply ♦ rude reproach. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "rude": rude-boys, rude-looking, rude-noise. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
rude | 204 | poem rude | 24 |
rude joke | 156 | rude greeting card | 24 |
rude jude | 145 | rude text message | 22 |
rude t shirt | 123 | jam rude | 21 |
rick rude | 121 | big rude jake | 21 |
rude boy | 86 | rude awakening | 21 |
rude picture | 75 | card e rude | 20 |
rude humor | 71 | rude dog | 19 |
fun rude | 67 | rude saying | 17 |
ravishing rick rude | 64 | rude offensive t shirt | 16 |
rude cartoon | 55 | play rude | 16 |
rude pic | 44 | rude card | 16 |
rude girl | 36 | greeting rude | 15 |
rude ecard | 34 | people rude | 15 |
game rude | 33 | abstract rude | 15 |
quote rude | 32 | insult rude | 15 |
rodney rude | 28 | da rude | 14 |
funny pic rude | 28 | fun.com rude | 14 |
rude shirt | 26 | christopher rude | 13 |
funny and rude picture | 25 | jude picture rude | 13 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "rude"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | i vrazhdë (abrupt, austere, bad tempered, boeotian, boorish, brutal, brutish, churlish, clownish, coarse, crude, discordant, dissonant, earthy, fretful, grave, gross, hard, hard-fisted, harsh, heavy-handed, ill natured, low-bred, morose, murky, robustious, rough, rough spoken, scurrilous, severe, stern, sullen, surly, truculent, uncivil, unfinished, unhandsome, unmannerly), i thjeshtë (abecedarian, artless, austere, bare, chaste, childlike, common, easy, elementary, enlisted, folksy, foolproof, Hick, home-bred, homely, homespun, humble, inelaborate, informal, ingenuous, inornate, mere, modest, native, natural, neat, not mingled, onefold, ordinary, plain, prime, primitive, private, pure, quotidian, russet, rustic, simple, unaffected, unassuming, unceremonious, unpretending, unpretentious, unsophisticated, very), i pasjellshëm (discourteous, disrespectful, graceless, ill bred, impolite, uncivil), i palëmuar (home-bred, homespun, rough, shaggy, unequal, unhewn, unmounted), i paedukuar (dark, ignoramus, ill bred, ill mannered, illiberal, indocile, inurbane, mannerless, uneducated, unenlightened, unintelligent, unlearned, unmannerly, unnurtured, unschooled, untaught, untrained, untutored, without cultural interests), i ashpër (argute, austere, biting, bluff, bluffy, Brant, bristly, brusque, churlish, coarse, crude, ding-dong, dour, draconian, draconic, gravelly, grim, gruff, hard, harsh, ill, ill natured, inclement, keen, malevolent, pipy, raucous, rigid, rigorous, rough, rough and ready, savage, scabrous, scathing, scratchy, severe, shaggy, slashing, smart, stern, strict, tough, truculent, uncharitable, unkind, unmerciful, violent, wiry). (various references) | |
Arabic | فظ (abrupt, blunt, boor, boorish, brusque, brutish, burly, chuffy, churlish, clownish, coarse, country, crude, crusty, curt, discourteous, earthy, grievous, gross, gruff, hairy, harsh, hoarse, ill mannered, impolite, indelicate, low, mannerless, obdurate, off hand, plug ugly, precipitous, rough, rough and ready, ruffianly, rugged, rustic, savage, scathe, serious, shaggy, short, sour, surly, uncivil, uncouth, unkind, unmannerly, unprintable), قوي (able bodied, acute, athletic, brawny, burly, forceful, forcible, full-bodied, furious, generous, hardy, hearty, heavy duty, husky, incorrodible, intense, intensive, keen, lively, lusty, manly, mighty, muscular, pithy, potent, powered, powerful, precious, pronounced, reliable, robust, sledge hammer, spanking, staunch, stern, stiff, stout, strong, sturdy, telling, tight, tough, trig, vehement, vigorous, violent, virtuous, vivid, youthful), وقح (abrasive, barefaced, blatant, bold, brazen, cool, flippant, hardy, impertinent, impudent, insolent, nervy, off hand, overbold, pert, presuming, presumptuous, rascal, sassy, saucy, scamp, shameless, smart), غير مهذب (bad form, common, impolite, indecorous, uncivil, unkempt, unrefined), غير مؤدب (ill mannered), غر (artless, calf's, callow, child, decoy, half-witted, inexperienced, naive, raw, stranger, unskilled, young), عنيف (bitter, dragon's, drastic, fell, fierce, gory, heady, impetuous, knockabout, outrageous, passionate, rabid, rigorous, robust, rough, ruthless, scurrilous, set, severe, sharp, shrewd, smart, stiff, stout, strenuous, stringent, strong, torricellian, tough, tumultuous, turbulent, vehement, violent, volcanic), خشن (boorish, bristly, coarse, crude, gross, gruff, ill mannered, impolite, indelicate, jagged, mannerless, plebeian, rasping, raucous, rough, roughen, rowdy, rugged, rustic, sand, scabrous, scratchy, stiff, surly, tough, toughen, uncivil, uncouth, vulgar), جلف (blunt, boorish, coarse, crude, gruff, ill bred, ill mannered, impolite, rough, roughneck, rude fellow, scuff, uncivil, uncouth), جاهل (artless, benighted, blockhead, ignorant, illiterate, innocent, nescient, primitive, raw, simple, unaware, unlettered, untaught), شرير (bad, black, black-hearted, dark, devil, diabolic, diabolical, evil, ill, iniquitous, maleficent, malicious, malign, nasty, naughty, rascally, reprobate, rogue, roguish, sinister, spiteful, unholy, vicious, wicked). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | суров (austere, coarse, crude, dour, draconian, flinty, green, grim, hard, harsh, iron, iron-bound, raw, rigorous, rough, rugged, severe, smart, stiff, uncharitable, uncooked, uncouth, unpitying, unseasoned), як (brawny, chopping, fast, fit, flourishing, grunting ox, hard, husky, iron, lusty, robust, rugged, stalwart, stocky, stout, sturdy, thickset, tough, two-fisted, vigorous, yak), рязък (abrupt, acid, bitter, brief, brusque, curt, gravelly, hard, incisive, jarring, jerky, metallic, offhand, pipy, point blank, rapid, sharp, short, short-spoken, shrill, snappish, snappy, snippy, stark, straight out, strident, trenchant), тромав (awkward, bumbling, clumsy, cumbersome, cumbrous, elephantine, flat-footed, gawky, hamfisted, heavy, hulking, lumbering, lumpish, lumpy, maladroit, ponderous, shambling, stodgy, ungainly, ungraceful, unhandy, unwieldy), груб (abrupt, bearish, boeotian, brusque, callous, churlish, clownish, clumsy, coarse, coarse grained, common, crude, cubbish, curt, earthy, feral, glaring, graceless, gross, gruff, hard boiled, harsh, heavy, hoggish, homespun, horny, loutish, low, material, outlandish, raspy, raucous, raw, rough, rough-shod, rowdy, rugged, russet, rusty, short, surly, tough, uncivil, uncouth, wild and woolly), оскърбителен (abusive, contumelious, galling, insulting, invidious, offensive, opprobrious, uncomplitary, wrongful), нетактичен (clumsy, gauche, indelicate, indiscreet, maladroit, tactless, tasteless, undiplomatic, unhappy, untactful), невъзпитан (cubbish, ill, ill mannered, low, low-bred, mannerless, surly, unbred, underbred, unmannered, unmannerly), необработен (crude, raw, rough, uncultivated, uncultured, undressed, waste), здрав (blooming, durable, entire, fast, fit, flourishing, flush, good, hard, healthful, healthy, hearty, hefty, invulnerable, lasting, laudable, lusty, nervous, nervy, reliable, right, robust, rubbery, rugged, safe, salubrious, seaworthy, secure, serviceable, sinewy, sleek, sober, sound, stalwart, stanch, staunch, steady, stout, strapping, strong, sturdy, substantial, sure footed, taintless, tenacious, thickset, uncorrupted, up to the mark, vigorous, well, well-conditioned, without scathe), буен (bacchanalian, blustery, catchy, ebullient, exuberant, furious, gross, high-spirited, hot, hot-blooded, hot-brained, hotheaded, impetuous, incandescent, jazz, jazzy, knockabout, lively, lush, luxuriant, obstreperous, opulent, phrenetic, prancing, profuse, proud, puffy, puppyish, rambunctious, rampant, rank, riotous, roaring, rough, rough and tumble, rousing, rumbustious, spicy, spirited, sweeping, thick, torrential, tumultuous, turbulent, unchecked, ungovernable, unruly, untamed, vigorous, violent, wanton, zizzi), просташки (blatant, caddish, jazz, jumped-up, loud, low-minded, oafish, ornery, philistine, raffish, rank, rough, savage, swinish, tasteless, underbred, unrefined, vulgar), примитивен (barbaric, primary, primitive, pristine, uncouth, wild and woolly), приблизителен (approximate, approximative, near, proximate, round), изненадващ (surprise, surprising, unlooked for, unthought of). (various references) | |
Chinese | 莽 (Gompsocleis mikado, Illicium anisatum), 麤 (coarse, rough), 野 (boundary, field, limit, open space, plain, wild), 粗鲁 (Crass), 粗 (coarse, crude, rough, thick, unfinished, vulgar), 無禮 (rudely), 獗 (unruly), 怭 (frivolous), (arrogant, to cover), 傖 (low fellow, rough, rustic), 不遜 (impertinent), 不客氣 (blunt, don't mention it, impolite, you're welcome). (various references) | |
Czech | silný (bad, big, boisterous, good, hard, heady, heavy, hefty, high, large, lusty, mighty, muscular, potent, powerful, red blooded, robust, rugged, stalwart, stiff, stocky, stout, strong, sturdy, thick, tough, valid, vigorous, violent), prudký (abrupt, acrimonious, big, bulge, effervescent, ferocious, fierce, fiery, glaring, grievous, gusty, heady, heated, heavy, high, hot tempered, hot-headed, impetuous, intense, keen, passional, passionate, peppery, rapid, rash, robust, sharp, steep, stormy, strong, sweeping, tempestuous, towering, tumultuous, vehement, vicious, vigorous, violent, virulent), neslušný (discourteous, immodest, impolite, improper, indecent, indecorous, indelicate, lewd, misbecoming, obscene, unbecoming, uncivil, uncouth, unpresentable, unseemly, unsuitable), náhlý (abrupt, acute, precipitous, sudden, surprise), hrubý (abusive, blue, boorish, brut, brutish, coarse, coarsened, crass, crude, foul-mouthed, grating, gross, gruff, harsh, howling, knockabout, leathery, low, outrageous, raw, rough, rough and ready, ruddy, rustic, scabrous, sylvan, uncouth, uneven, unmannerly, unprintable, vulgar). (various references) | |
Danish | uhøflig (impolite). (various references) | |
Dutch | onheus (impolite), onbeleefd (impolite), lomp (abusive, coarse, crude, harsh, impolite, rag, scrap), honds (brutal, gruff, harsh, impolite, rough, sour, sullen, surly, unkind, unpleasant). (various references) | |
Esperanto | malĝentila. (various references) | |
Faeroese | illavorðin (brazen, impertinent), frekur (brazen, impertinent), óreinur (brazen, impertinent). (various references) | |
Farsi | ناهموار (Bumpy, Jagged, Ragged, Rough, Rugged, Scaly, Uneven, Unfair), گستاخ (Arrogant, Barefaced, Bold, Boldface, Brash, Cheeky, Forward, Immodest, Impertinent, Impudent, Indecent, Insolent, Jaunty, Perky, Pert, Presumptuous, Unabashed, Unshaped(En), Wanton), زمخت (Blowsy, Blowzy, Churlish, Clumsy, Coarse, Crass, Crude, Gross, Hard, Impolite, Raucous, Rough, Rugged, Tough), خام (Crude, Halfbaked, Impolite, Raw, Simple), خشن (Blatant, Blowsy, Blowzy, Boorish, Brutish, Churlish, Coarse, Crusty, Gruff, Harsh, High, Hoarse, Impolite, Indelicate, Knockkneed, Plebeian, Ragged, Random, Rough, Rowdy, Scraggy, Truculent, Ungracious, Unkempt, Unmannered, Unmennerly, Wooden), جسور (Adventurer, Bold, Boldface, Cocky, Defiant, Forward, Fresh, Hardy, Immodest, Insolent, Pert, Presuming, Presumptuous, Wanton). (various references) | |
Finnish | raakamainen (brutal, coarse), raaka (brutal, coarse, crude, green, not ripe, raw, rough, unrefined, unripe, unwrought, yard), törkeä (coarse, grave, gross), karkea (coarse, harsh, rough), epäkohtelias (discourteous, ill-mannered, impolite), epähieno (discourteous, ill-mannered, ungentlemanly, unladylike, unpolished). (various references) | |
French | impoli. (various references) | |
Frisian | bot (impolite, quite, very, very much). (various references) | |
German | unverschämt (abandoned, barefaced, blatant, bold, brash, brazen, brazen faced, brazenly, contumelious, exorbitant, impertinent, impertinently, impudent, impudently, insolent, insolently, insulting, nervy, obscene, offensive, offensively, outrageous, sassy, saucy, tacky, unashamedly, unblushing, unconscionable, unconscionably, wicked), unhöflich (bad-mannered, discourteous, discourteously, disrespectful, ignorant, ignorantly, ill bred, impolite, impolitely, uncivil, uncivily, uncomplimentary, uncourtly, ungentlemanly, ungracious, ungraciously), unanständig (bad, dirty, gross, ill mannered, immodest, immodestly, indecent, indecently, indelicate, indelicately, lewd, naughty, rudely, undecent, unprincipled). (various references) | |
Greek | βάναυσοσ (churlish, coarse, crude, rough, roughneck), αγροίκοσ (boorish, bounder, churl, clownish, curmudgeon, lout, roughneck, rube, rustic, scullion, yokel), αγροίκος (boorish, churl, churlish, coarse), αγενήσ (caddish, coarse, discourteous, heel, ignoble, impolite, indelicate, mannerless, saucy, uncivil, uncourteous, underbred, ungracious, unladylike, unmannered, unmannerly), αγενής (impolite), ανάγωγοσ (ill mannered, unmanageable, untoward, untractable), τραχύσ (abrasive, abrupt, coarse, grating, gritty, gruff, harsh, inclinable, ragged, raucous, rough, rugged, scabrous, scraggly, screechy, seamy, throaty, tough). (various references) | |
Hebrew | לא מ ומס (discourteous, ill bred, impolite, uncivil), פתאומי (abrupt, sudden), חצוף (bold, brassy, fresh, impertinent, impudent, insolent, nervy, pert), 'למי (crude, inchoate, pupal, raw), 'ס רוח (boor, caddish, haughty, roughneck, vulgar), 'ס (bulky, clumsy, coarse, crude, impolite, indelicate, lubricious, rough). (various references) | |
Hungarian | nyers (assertive, blunt, brusque, burly, coarse, concrete, crude, ecru, feral, gruff, harsh, pure, ramage, raw, rough cast, rough spoken, rugged, surly, undressed), goromba (bouncy, brusque, chuff, churlish, coarse, crude, foulmouthed, graceless, gross, hirsute, rough, ruffianly, surly), faragatlan (boorish, churlish, earthy, hairy-heeled, homespun, ill bred, loutish, rough-hewn, rugged, tacky, uncouth, unframed, unhewn). (various references) | |
Icelandic | ósvífinn (brazen, impertinent), ókurteis (impolite). (various references) | |
Indonesian | lancang (bold, brash, impolite, underbred), kasar (abrupt, abusive, artless, blunt, boorish, broad, brutal, brutish, crass, crude, curt, disrespectful, gruff, menial, raw, unkind, vulgar). (various references) | |
Italian | scortese (discourteous, disobliging, impolite, unfriendly, ungracious, unkind, unneighborly), rozzo (boorish, churlish, coarse, crude, cubbish, impolite, loutish, rank, rough, rugged, uncouth, unmannerly, unsubtle). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 'い (rough, wild), 粗野 (rough, rustic, vulgar). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ぞ"ざい (careless, slovenly), そぼう (hard, violent, wild), そ"つ (at fault, careless, rash, thoughtless), そや (rough, rustic, vulgar), ぶさほう (bad manners, discourtesy, ill-mannered), ぶれい (impolite), ぶえ"りょ (outspoken), ふつつか (incompetent, inexperienced, stupid), ふとどき (insolent, nefarious), あらっぽい (rough), あらい (coarse, rough, wild), あらあらしい (desolate, gruff, harsh, rough, violent, wild), ら"ぼう (lawless, reckless, rough, unreasonable, violent), けしから" (inexcusable, outrageous). (various references) | |
Korean | 무례한 (impolite). (various references) | |
Manx | neuellynagh (artless, bad taste, ill-mannered, impolite, inartistic, vulgar), mollagh (bushy, hirsute, rough, rough-coated, rugged), lunagh (contemptuous, mocker, reproachful, rude person, sarcastic, slanderer, slandering, slanderous), garroo (boisterous, coarse, coarse-fibred, crude, dirty, dirty of weather, hairy, harsh, husky, ill-mannered, jagged, low, naughty, pockmarked, raw, rough, rough-and-tumble, rough-spoken, rugged, scraggy, stormy, stormy as sea, stubbly, uncouth, undressed, uneven, uneven as ground, vulgar), drogh-ellynagh (bad mannered), daaney (bold, cheeky, cocky, confident, daring, presumptuous), barbagh (rough, rough-mannered, rugged, severe, sharp). (various references) | |
Norwegian | uhøflig (discourteous, impolite), frekk (brazen, cheeky, impertinent). (various references) | |
Papiamen | grosero (impolite). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | uderay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | grosseiro (awkward, bearish, blanket, boorish, bumbling, caddish, churlish, cloddish, clownish, clumsy, coarse, coarse-grained, common, crass, crude, cub, curmudgeon, curmudgeonly, earthy, gross, gruff, harsh, heavy-handed, hoggish, homely, ill-bred, ill-mannered, impolite, incondite, indelicate, inelaborate, joggly, lacerated, left-handed, lob, loutish, low-bred, lubberly, lumpish, piggish, ragged, ribald, rough, rugged, scurrilous, surly, swinish, thick, uncivil, uncouth, uncultivated, unkind, unladylike, unmannerly, unparliamentary, untaught, vulgar, vulgarian, wooden), descortês (discourteous, displeasing, inurbane, joggly, mannerless, rough, unceremonious, uncivil, ungracious, unmannerly). (various references) | |
Romanian | rudimentar (abortive, inchoate, rudimental, rudimentary), robust (bouncing, Hale, Hardy, hefty, iron, lusty, red blooded, robust, rugged, stalwart, stout, strapping, strong, strong-limbed, sturdy, tough, well knit), violent (acute, bad, boisterous, desperate, fiercely, furious, heady, heavy, high, high-spirited, impetuous, raging, rampageous, rampant, rankly, robust, rough, rowdy, rugged, severe, sharp, splitting, strong, sudden, towering, truculent, ungovernable, vehement, violent, virulent, wanton), viguros (bouncing, chopping, emphatic, forceful, forcible, forcibly, full-blooded, green, Hale, Hardy, hearty, hot stuff, humming, intense, lusty, nervous, pithy, potent, red blooded, robust, sapful, sinewy, stalwart, stout, stoutly, strapping, strong, strong-limbed, thriving, tough, vigorous, vigorously), puternic (acute, ardent, authoritative, biting, catchy, drastic, exquisite, fierce, flush, forceful, forcible, forcibly, great, hard, heavily, heavy, high, important, intense, intensely, intensive, leonine, loud, lusty, marrowy, mighty, muscular, nervous, nervy, pithy, potent, powerful, pronounced, resistant, robust, rough, searching, severe, sinewy, solid, stark, stout, strapping, strong, tough, towering, vigorous, violent, virulent), primitiv (crude, dark, primal, primary, primeval, primitive, primitively), neprelucrat (crude, raw, rough), mojicesc (boorish, churlish, clownish, coarse), impertinent (cocky, gay, impertinent, insolent, insolently, obtrusive, provocative), ignorant (benighted, cipher, dark, dunce, ignoramus, ignorant, illiterate, inexpert, innocent, know-nothing, nescient, unknowing, unlearned), grosolan (boorish, broad, brutish, churlish, clumsy, coarse, coarsely, crass, crude, currish, elephantine, flagrant, glaring, gross, grossly, homespun, ill bred, indecorous, indelicately, inurbane, large, loutish, oafish, rank, rough, roughly, rugged, rustic, trivial, unaccomplished, unmannerly, vulgar), fãrã maniere (impolite), brutal (beastly, boorish, brutal, brutally, cruelly, feral, insensate, rough, roughly, savage, savagely, truculent, violent), brusc (abrupt, abruptly, all at once, bang, bounce, brusque, plop, plump, rash, roughly, sharp, sharply, short, shortly, snap, sudden, suddenly, unawares, unexpected, unexpectedly), amar (bitter, bitterly, bitterness, dreadful, gall, poignant, salt, severe, sore, sour, suffering). (various references) | |
Russian | грубый (bad, barbaric, barbarous, bearish, beastly, bestial, blunt, boeotian, boor, boorish, brusque, brutal, brute, brute-force, brutish, churlish, clownish, coarse, common, crass, crude, curmudgeonly, currish, fresh, fulsome, gross, gross ear, gruff, hard bitten, hardhanded, harsh, heathenish, homespun, horny, ill-bred, ill-mannered, ill-natured, jazz, larrikin, loutish, low down, low-lived, rank, raucous, raw, rawhide, ribald, robust, rough, rough and ready, scratchy, scurrilous, uncivil, uncultivated, unfinished, unhewn, unmannerly, vulgar, woolly). (various references) | |
Scottish | mi-mhodhail (unpolite), doibhear. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | sirov (coarse, crude, gothic, raw, underdone), prost (coarse, common, commoner, easy, folksy, homely, homespun, inurbane, low-bred, lowbrow, mere, simple, trivial, underbred, vulgar), nevaspitan (bad-mannered, churlish, cubbish, malapert, naughty, unbred, uncivil, unmannerly), neuljudan (ill mannered, impolite, rough, unbecoming, uncomely, unmannerly), neučtiv (discourteous, disrespectful, impolite, unmannerly), nepristojan (bawdry, bawdy, improper, indecent, lewd, racy, scabrous, spicy, unbecoming, vulgar), neobrađen (crude, fallow, uncultivated, uncultured, unimproved), nagao (hasty, hotspur, impetuous, impulsive, precipitant, precipitate, precipitatious, rush, sudden, temerarious). (various references) | |
Spanish | rudo (burly, gruff, hard, loutish), insolente (impertinent, impolite, impudent, insolent, pert, snippy, upstart), grosero (boorish, bounder, churl, coarse, crass, double chin, earthy, foulmouthed, gross, impolite, lower, nasty, ripe, rough, roughly, rudely, ruffian, scurrilous, uncouth, unpleasant, unsubtle), descortés (discourteous, impolite, offhand, uncivil). (various references) | |
Swedish | ohövlig (discourteous, disrespectful, impolite, uncivil, ungracious), ohyfsad (caddish, clownish, crude, ill mannered, ill-behaved, low-bred, uncivil, uncouth, unmannerly, unpolished, unrefined, vulgar), obildad (bookless, ignorant, illiterate, letterless, lowbrow, low-browed, uncouth, uncultivated, uncultured, uneducated, untaught). (various references) | |
Thai | หยาบคาย (caddish, disagreeable, ill-bred, indecency, indecent, mucky, neanderthal, ribald, robustious, rough, swinish). (various references) | |
Turkish | kaba (abrupt, barbarous, base, bearish, boorish, brusque, brutal, brutish, churlish, clodhopping, coarse, coarse grained, common, crass, crude, discourteous, disobliging, disrespectful, doric, foul, graceless, gross, gruff, gutter, hard-hitting, harsh, heavy, hobnailed, hoggish, ill bred, ill mannered, impolite, incondite, indelicate, inelegant, loud, loutish, offhand, offhanded, ornery, puffy, rank, rough, rough-hewn, roughly, rugged, rustic, short-spoken, splay, swinish, tactless, unceremonious, unchivalrous, uncivil, uncomplaisant, uncomplimentary, uncouth, underbred, unfinished, ungainly, ungalant, ungentle, ungentlemanlike, ungentlemanly, ungraceful, ungracious, unmannerly, unparliamentary, unpolished, unrefined, vulgar), beceriksiz (awkward, bungler, bungling, clumsy, Duff, duffer, feckless, flat-footed, fumbling, gauche, gawky, ham-fisted, ham-handed, heavy-handed, helpless, impractical, inapt, incompetent, ineffective, ineffectual, inefficacious, inept, inexpert, left handed, lubber, maladroit, manque, ne'er do well, never-do-well, oaf, oafish, resourceless, shiftless, slouch, unaccomplished, unhandy, unskilful, untalented), bet (rugged), cahil (benighted, ignoramus, ignorant, illiterate, nescient, uneducated, unenlightened, unilluminated, uninformed, unknowing, unlearned, unlettered, unread, untutored, yahoo), edepsiz (dirty, immodest, indecent, nasty, naughty, shameless), engebeli (bumpy, rough, rugged, uneven), gürbüz (bonny, bouncing, robust, sturdy), haşin (austere, crusty, forbidding, harsh, inclement, rough, severe, stern, truculent), ham (crude, green, immature, raw, uncut, unrefined, unripe), hantal (bulky, chubby, clumsy, cumbersome, cumbrous, elephantine, gross, hulking, hulky, loutish, lubber, lumbering, lumpish, plodding, ponderous, sesquipedalian, soggy, stodgy, ungainly, ungraceful, unwieldy, yahoo), arsiz (impolite), ilkel (crude, elementary, embryonic, primal, primeval, primitive, primordial, proto-, rudimental, rudimentary), vahşi (atrocious, barbarian, barbaric, brutal, brute, churlish, feral, ferocious, haggard, heathen, heathenish, savage, tigerish, truculent, uncivilized, wild, wolfish), kaba saba (clownish, coarse, common, gauche, rank, robust, robustious, rough), kabaca yapılmış (rough-hewn), kabataslak (in outline, rough, roughly, sketchy), kulağı tırmalayan (grating, ragged), nezaketsiz (brusque, crude, discourteous, disrespectful, impolite, indelicate, offhand, short-spoken, unchivalrous, uncivil, unkind), sapasağlam (as large as life, as sound as bell, copper-bottomed, fit as a fiddle, in perfect health, iron, knockabout, safe and sound, sound), saygısız (brash, discourteous, disregardful, disrespectful, flip, flippant, hoggish, impertinent, impious, impudent, inconsiderate, insolent, irreverent, stroppy, undutiful, unfilial, ungalant, unmannerly), tümsekli (bumpy, humped, humpy), terbiyesiz (bad, blackguard, blackguardly, broad, caddish, churlish, coarse, coarse grained, dirty, graceless, ill bred, ill mannered, immodest, immoral, impertinent, impolite, improper, impudent, indelicate, inelegant, insolent, mannerless, naughty, ribald, risky, risque, scabrous, shameless, uncultured, underbred, undressed, unmannerly, unpolished), işlenmemiş (crude, raw, rough, unbroken, uncommitted, uncultivated, uncut, undeveloped, undressed, unfinished, unlaboured, unreclaimed, untilled, unworked). (various references) | |
Turkmen | gцdek. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | грубий (abrupt, artless, barbaresque, barbaric, base, bearish, boarish, broad, brusque, brute, caddish, chuffy, churlish, clownish, clumsy, coarse, coarse grained, crass, crude, gross, hard boiled, homely, ill bred, knockabout, offhand, plebeian, primitive, ribald, rough, rough spoken, scratchy, shaggy, surly, swinish, truculent, uncouth), неввічливий (coarse, ill mannered, impolite, non-conventional, uncivil, ungracious), брутальний (brutal), примітивний (primal, primitive). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | vô lễ (disrepectful, impolite, malapert, uncivil, unpolite, untoward), láo xược; thô lỗ thô sơ man rợ, khoẻ mạnh (brawny, fresh, hale, hardy, robust, sound, sturdy), khiếm nhã (flippant, graceless, indelicate, inurbane, mannerless), không văn minh mạnh mẽ, dữ dội (boot, formidable, heavy, high, impetuous, keen, ravenous, severse, thundering, towering, vehement, violent), bất lịch sự (discourteous, indecent, untoward), đột ngột tráng kiện. (various references) | |
Welsh | taeogaidd (churlish), di-foes (unmannerly), diaddurn (plain, unadorned), anfoesgar (unmannerly). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | agrestes, agrestia, agrestibus, durus, immitis, incultus, inmitis, inportuna, inportune, inportunis, rudis. (various references) |
| Spanish | 900-Modern | bronco. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Mark Chapter 2, Verse 21 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai oudeiV epiblhma rakouV agnafou epirraptei epi imatiw palaiw ei de mh airei to plhrwma autou to kainon tou palaiou kai ceiron scisma ginetai |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Nemo adsumentum panni rudis adsuit vestimento veteri alioquin aufert supplementum novum a veteri et maior scissura fit |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | Nanman ne seweð nywe scep to ealdenreafe. elles he afyrð þane neowan scep ofþam ealden reafe & byð mare slite |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | No man seweth a pacche of rude, `or newe, clothe to an old clothe, ellis he takith awey the newe supplement, `or pacche, and a more brekynge is maad. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | No man also seweth a piece of new cloth on an old garment: else the new piece that filled it up taketh away from the old, and the rent is made worse. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | No man also seweth a piece of new cloth on an old garment: else the new piece that filled it up, taketh away from the old, and the rent is made worse. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | No man puts a bit of new cloth on an old coat: or the new, by pulling away from the old, makes a worse hole. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Mark Chapter 2, Verse 21 |
| Cebuano | Walay tawo nga magatapak ug bag-ong panapton diha sa daan nga sinina; kay kon mao pa, ang igatapak mabitas ra gikan niini, ang bag-o gikan sa daan, ug unya mahimo na hinoon ang labi pa ka dakung gisi. |
| Croatian | "Nitko ne prišiva krpe od sirova sukna na staro odijelo. Inaèe nova zakrpa vuèe sa starog odijela pa nastane još veæa rupa." |
| Danish | Ingen syr en Lap af uvalket Klæde på et gammelt Klædebon; ellers river den nye Lap på det gamle Klædebon dette itu, og der bliver et værre Hul. |
| Dutch | En niemand naait een lap ongevold laken op een oud kleed; anders scheurt deszelfs nieuwe aangenaaide lap iets af van het oude kleed, en er wordt een ergere scheur. |
| Finnish | Ei kukaan ompele vanuttamattomasta kankaasta paikkaa vanhaan vaippaan; muutoin uusi täytetilkku repii palasen vanhasta vaipasta, ja reikä tulee pahemmaksi. |
| French | Personne ne coud une pièce de drap neuf un vieil habit; autrement, la pièce de drap neuf emporterait une partie du vieux, et la déchirure serait pire. |
| Gaelic | Chan fhuaghail duine sam bith breid de dh` aodach ur air seann eideadh: air-neo bheir am breid ur a liad fhein as an t-seann aodach, is bithidh an stracadh nas mua. |
| German | Niemand flickt einen Lappen von neuem Tuch an ein altes Kleid; denn der neue Lappen reißt doch vom alten, und der Riß wird ärger. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Tidak ada orang yang menambal baju tua dengan sepotong kain baru. Sebab kain penambal itu akan menciut dan menyobek baju itu, sehingga mengakibatkan sobekan yang lebih besar. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Maka seorang pun tiada menampalkan secarik kain yang baharu pada pakaian yang lama, karena koyaklah pula penampal itu, yaitu kain yang baharu mengoyak yang lama itu sehingga koyaknya lebih besar lagi. |
| Italian | Nessuno cuce una toppa di panno grezzo su un vestito vecchio; altrimenti il rattoppo nuovo squarcia il vecchio e si forma uno strappo peggiore. |
| Latvian | Neviens neliek jaunas drânas ielâpu uz vecâm drçbçm: citâdi jaunais ielâps izplîst no vecajâm drçbçm, un plîsums top lielâks. |
| Maori | E kore e tuia e te tangata tetahi wahi o te kahu hou, hei papaki mo te kahu tawhito; kei riro tetahi wahi o te kahu tawhito i tona whakakapi hou, a ka nui rawa te pakaru. |
| Norwegian | Ingen syr en lapp av ukrympet tøi på et gammelt klædebon, ellers river den nye lapp et stykke med sig av det gamle, og riften blir verre. |
| Portuguese | Ninguém cose remendo de pano novo em vestido velho; do contrário o remendo novo tira parte do velho, e torna-se maior a rotura. |
| Rumanian | Nimeni nu coase un petec de postav nou la o hainq veche; altfel, petecul de postav nou rupe o parte din cel vechi, wi mai rea rupturq se face. |
| Russian | оЙЛФП Л ЧЕФИПК П"ЕЦ"Е ОЕ ТЙУФБЧМСЕФ ЪБ МБФЩ ЙЪ ОЕ'ЕМЕОПК ФЛБОЙ: ЙОБЮЕ ЧОПЧШ ТЙЫЙФПЕ ПФ"ЕТЕФ ПФ УФБТПЗП, Й "ЩТБ 'Х"ЕФ ЕЭЕ ИХЦЕ. |
| Shuar | Tura Nuyá juna Tímiayi `Mamuru Pushí jaanakmatai yamaram tarach anujtukchatniuiti. Túramka nijiam yamaram tarach sumpeak mamushan Chinkiá nuna nankaamas Jáaktatui. |
| Spanish | Nadie pone parche de tela nueva en vestido viejo. De otra manera, el parche nuevo tira del viejo, y la rotura se hace peor. |
| Swahili | "Hakuna mtu anayekata kiraka kutoka katika nguo mpya na kukishonea katika nguo kuukuu. Kama akifanya hivyo, hicho kiraka kipya kitararuka kutoka hilo vazi kuukuu, nalo litaharibika zaidi. |
| Swedish | Ingen syr en lapp av okrympt tyg på en gammal mantel; om någon så gjorde, skulle det isatta nya stycket riva bort ännu mer av den gamla manteln, och hålet skulle bliva värre. |
| Uma | Oti toe Yesus mpo'uli' lolita rapa' to ronyala-pi, na'uli': "Uma ria haduaa tauna to mpotelepei baju to hae hante pontaia' to bo'u. Apa' pontaia' to bo'u mongkuru' mpai', duu' -na mpoheu' baju to hae toe, alaa-na kaboo-bohea lau-mi heu' -na. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "rude": rudely, rudeness, rudenesses, ruder, ruderal, ruderals, rudesbies, rudesby, rudest. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "rude": crude, detrude, extrude, intrude, obtrude, overrude, protrude, prude. (additional references) | |
Words containing "rude": crudely, crudeness, crudenesses, cruder, crudes, crudest, detruded, detrudes, extruded, extruder, extruders, extrudes, imprudence, imprudences, imprudent, imprudently, intruded, intruder, intruders, intrudes, jurisprudence, jurisprudences, jurisprudent, jurisprudential, jurisprudentially, jurisprudents, obtruded, obtruder, obtruders, obtrudes, protruded, protrudes, prudence, prudences, prudent, prudential, prudentially, prudently, pruderies, prudery, prudes, recrudesce, recrudesced, recrudescence, recrudescences, recrudescent, recrudesces, recrudescing, strudel, strudels. (additional references) | |
| |
"Rude" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: brude, drude, erude, gude, kude, Oude, Rade, radek, Radev, Radue, Rde, Rdme, Rdte, Reudel, rhd, ridex, ridje, Roddi, rodeg, rodel, Rodge, Rodhe, rodi, rodje, roede, rohde, roide, roude, ruce, rud, ruda, Rudai, rudas, rudd, Ruddel, Rudden, ruddes, rudei, Rudel, Ruden, rudes, rudis, rudle, Rudoe, Rudp, rudu, rudus, Rudz, Rufe, Ruhe, Ruhee, ruide, ruje, ruke, rume, Rundvee, ruqe, Rure, ruree, Rusday, rute, ruten, Ruutel, ruwe, ruze, ude, urda, urde, urdo, urds, ured, urid, uride, xude. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "rude" (pronounced ruw"d) |
| 3 | r uw" d | accrued, brewed, brood, construed, crude, intrude, extrude, misconstrued, obtrude, protrude, prude, rood, screwed, shrewd. |
| 2 | -uw" d | allude, booed, canoed, chewed, clued, collude, conclude, cued, debuted, delude, denude, lewd, dude, elude, endued, ensued, eschewed, exclude, exude, feud, food, glued, gude, hued, imbued, include, mood, nonfood, nude, poohed, preclude, pursued, renewed, reviewed, seclude, shampooed, shooed, skewed, spewed, stewed, subdued, sued, tattooed, unglued, viewed, wooed. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: dure, rued. | |
| Words within the letters "d-e-r-u" | |
-1 letter: due, red, rue, urd. | |
-2 letters: de, ed, er, re. | |
| Words containing the letters "d-e-r-u" | |
+1 letter: crude, cured, demur, drupe, druse, duper, dured, dures, lured, mured, nuder, perdu, prude, redub, redux, ruder, ruled, trued, udder, under, uredo, urged. | |
+2 letters: adjure, argued, aulder, bedrug, bruted, budder, budger, burden, burdie, buried, burked, burled, burned, burped, burred, cruder, crudes, curbed, curded, curdle, curled, curred, cursed, curved, dauber, decury, demure, demurs, detour, devour, dourer, douser, drogue, drudge, drupes, druses, dubber, ducker, dueler, duffer, duiker, duller, dumber, dumper, dunker, dunner, dupers, dupery, duress, durned, durrie, duster, eluder, endure, enduro, enured, furled, furred, gerund, gourde, grudge, guider, gurged, hurdle, hurled, inured, judder, judger, juried, lauder, louder, loured, lurked, mudder, murder, nudger, nurled, nursed, ordure, perdue, perdus, poured, prudes, pruned, pureed, purged, purled, purred, pursed, quired, redbud, redbug, redout, redubs, reduce, refund, remuda, reused, rogued, rouged, rouped, roused, routed, rubbed, rubied, ruched, rucked, rudder, ruddle, rudely, rudest, ruffed, rugged, ruined, rundle, rushed, rusted, rutted, soured, sudser, sunder, surfed, surged, toured, truced, trudge, turfed, turned, udders, unbred, undoer, undrew, unread, uredia, uredos, ureide. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Sounds 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Historic 10. Quotations: Fiction 11. Quotations: Non-fiction 12. Quotations: Speeches | 13. Usage Frequency 14. Names: Frequency 15. Expressions 16. Expressions: Internet | 17. Translations: Modern 18. Translations: Ancient 19. Bible Trace 20. Derivations | 21. Rhymes 22. Anagrams 23. Bibliography |
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