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Definition: Restrain |
RestrainVerb1. Keep under control; keep in check; "suppress a smile"; "Keep your temper"; "keep your cool". 2. Place limits on; "restrict the use of this parking lot". 3. To close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement; "This holds the local until the express passengers change trains"; "About a dozen animals were held inside the stockade"; "The illegal immigrants were held at a detention center"; "The terrorists held the journalists for ransom". 4. Hold back. 5. To compel or deter by or as if by threats. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "restrain" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
Note: Restrain \Re*strain"\, transitive verb. [imperative past participle Restrained; present participle verb or noun Restraining.]. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Physical restraint refers to the practice of rendering people helpless or keeping them in captivity by means such as handcuffs, shackles, straitjackets, ropes, straps or other forms of physical restraint. Alternatively, unarmed combat techniques or sheer force of numbers may be used to restrain a person.Physical restraint may be used:
Restraining someone against their will is generally a crime in most jusrisdictions, unless it is explicitly sanctioned by law.
- by police to arrest criminals
- by criminals and other abusers
- to restrain people who are suffering from involuntary physical spasms, to prevent them from hurting themselves
- controversially, in mental hospitals
- as part of the game of sexual bondage
- by escapologists, illusionists and stunt performers
The misuse of physical restraint has resulted in many deaths. Physical restraint can be dangerous, sometimes in unexpected ways. Examples include:
For these and many other reasons, extreme caution is needed in the use of physical restraint.
- postural asphyxia
- unintended strangulation
- death due to choking or vomiting and being unable to clear the airway
- death due to inability to escape in the event of fire or other disaster
- death due to thirst or starvation due to the inability to escape
- cutting off of blood circulation by restraints
- nerve damage by restraints
- cutting of blood vessels by struggling against restraints, resulting in death by loss of blood
- death by hypothermia or hyperthermia whilst unable to escape
Gagging a restrained person is highly risky, as it involves a substantial risk of asphyxia, both from the gag itself, and also from choking or vomiting and being unable to clear the airway. In practice, simple gags do not restrict communication much; however, this means that gags that are effective enough to prevent communication are generally also potentially effective at restricting breathing. Gags that prevent communication may also prevent the communication of distress that might otherwise prevent injury.
See also:
- pin-down
External links
- Deadly restraint
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Physical restraint."
Synonyms: RestrainSynonyms: bound (v), confine (v), constrain (v), cumber (v), encumber (v), hold (v), hold back (v), intimidate (v), keep (v), keep back (v), limit (v), restrict (v), suppress (v), throttle (v), trammel (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Compulsion | Extort, wring from; squeeze, put on the squeeze; put on the screws, turn on the screw; drag into; bind, bind over; pin down, tie down; require, tax, put in force; commandeer; restrain. |
Contraction | Render smaller, lessen, diminish, contract, draw in, narrow, coarctate; boil down; constrict, constringe; condense, compress, squeeze, corrugate, crimp, crunch, crush, crumple up, warp, purse up, pack, squeeze, stow; pinch, tighten, strangle; cramp; dwarf, bedwarf; shorten; circumscribe; restrain. |
Counteraction | Verb: counteract; run counter, clash, cross; interfere with, conflict with; contravene; jostle; go against, run against, beat against, militate against; stultify; antagonize, block, oppose; traverse; withstand; (resist); hinder; repress; (restrain); react; (recoil). |
Dissuasion | Disincline, indispose, shake, stagger; dispirit; discourage, dishearten; deter; repress, hold back, keep back; (restrain); render averse; repel; turn aside; (deviation); wean from; act as a drag; (hinder); throw cold water on, damp, cool, chill, blunt, calm, quiet, quench; deprecate. |
Excitability | Compose, appease; (moderate); propitiate; repress; (restrain); render insensible; overcome one's excitability, allay one's excitability, repress one's excitability; master one's feelings. |
Hindrance | Keep off, stave off, ward off; obviate; avert, antevert; turn aside, draw off, prevent, forefend, nip in the bud; retard, slacken, check, let; counteract, countercheck; preclude, debar, foreclose, estop; inhibit; shackle; (restrain); restrict. |
Moderation | Tranquilize, pacify, assuage, appease, swag, lull, soothe, compose, still, calm, calm down, cool, quiet, hush, quell, sober, pacify, tame, damp, lay, allay, rebate, slacken, smooth, alleviate, rock to sleep, deaden, smooth, throw cold water on, throw a wet blanket over, turn off; slake; curb; (restrain); tame; (subjugate); smooth over; pour oil on the waves, pour oil on the troubled waters; pour balm into, mattre de l'eau dans son vin. |
Prohibition | Keep in, keep within bounds; restrain; cohibit, withhold, limit, circumscribe, clip the wings of, restrict; interdict, taboo; put under an interdiction, place under an interdiction; put under the ban, place under the ban; proscribe; exclude, shut out; shut the door, bolt the door, show the door; warn off; dash the cup from one's lips; forbid the banns. |
Restraint | Verb: restrain, check; put under restraint, lay under restraint; enthral, enthrall, inthral, inthrall, bethral, bethrall; restrict; debar; (hinder); constrain; coerce; (compel); curb, control; hold back, hold from, hold in, hold in check, hold within bounds, keep back, keep from, keep in, keep in check, keep within bounds; hold in leash, hold in leading strings; withhold. |
Safety | Make safe, render safe; Adjective:; protect; take care of; (care); preserve; cover, screen, shelter, shroud, flank, ward; guard; (defend); secure; (restrain); entrench, intrench, fence round; (circumscribe); house, nestle, ensconce; take charge of. |
Subjection | Break in, tame; subject, subjugate; master; tread down, tread under foot; weigh down; drag at one's chariot wheels; reduce to subjection, reduce to slavery; enthrall, inthrall, bethrall; enslave, lead captive; take into custody; (restrain); rule; drive into a corner, hold at the sword's point; keep under; hold in bondage, hold in leading strings, hold in swaddling clothes. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | First this little planet with its winds and ways, and then all the laws of mind and matter that restrain him. Then the planets about him and at last out across immensity to the stars (Things to Come; writing credit: H.G. Wells) Under me, this rule will change, for I will restrain man. (Colossus: The Forbin Project; writing credit: James Bridges; D.F. Jones) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Alexander Pope | Two purposes in human nature rule. Self-love to urge, and reason to restrain. |
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. | Morality cannot be legislated but behavior can be regulated. Judicial decrees may not change the heart, but they can restrain the heartless. |
Seneca | Shame may restrain what law does not prohibit. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | So that, however it may be mistaken, the end of law is not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom: for in all the states of created beings capable of laws, where there is no law, there is no freedom. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | Angry as she was, the thought of the moment made her resolve to restrain herself when she did speak |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | However, she was compelled to restrain herself |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | And Tom tried to restrain his hard smothered sobbing |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | It is only the serious eye peering from and the sincere life passed within it which restrain laughter and consecrate the costume of any people |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Tumor suppressor genes are a family of normal genes that instruct cells to produce proteins that restrain cell growth and division. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | India | The Government also has been criticized for not attempting to restrain the country's radical Hindu groups. (references) |
Singapore | The Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act (MRHA), which was prompted by actions that the Government perceived as threats to religious harmony, including aggressive and "insensitive" proselytizing and the "mixing of religion and politics," gives the Government the power to restrain leaders and members of religious groups and institutions from carrying out political activities, "exciting disaffection against" the Government, creating "ill-will" between religious groups, or carrying out subversive activities. (references) | |
Economic History | Dominican Rep | However, the relatively high tariffs continue to restrain the industry's growth. (references) |
Human Rights | Israel and the occupied territories | IDF soldiers have standing orders to protect, not restrain or arrest, Israeli settlers in the occupied territories. (references) |
Malawi | The report notes that techniques used by police included beatings, physical assault, and the use of wire instead of handcuffs to restrain prisoners and to force confessions. (references) | |
Cameroon | Local human rights groups noted that local authorities, even the special antigang units, paid more attention to due process than in previous years; they believe that the paramilitary forces have received strict instructions to restrain their activities in an attempt to avoid another scandal that would embarrass the Government. (references) | |
Political Rights | Egypt | Nevertheless, the Assembly maintains the authority to challenge or restrain the executive in the areas of economic and social policy, although it may not modify the budget except with the Government's approval. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | RIGHTEOUSNESS, n. A sturdy virtue that was once found among the Pantidoodles inhabiting the lower part of the peninsula of Oque. Some feeble attempts were made by returned missionaries to introduce it into several European countries, but it appears to have been imperfectly expounded. An example of this faulty exposition is found in the only extant sermon of the pious Bishop Rowley, a characteristic passage from which is here given: "Now righteousness consisteth not merely in a holy state of mind, nor yet in performance of religious rites and obedience to the letter of the law. It is not enough that one be pious and just: one must see to it that others also are in the same state; and to this end compulsion is a proper means. Forasmuch as my injustice may work ill to another, so by his injustice may evil be wrought upon still another, the which it is as manifestly my duty to estop as to forestall mine own tort. Wherefore if I would be righteous I am bound to restrain my neighbor, by force if needful, in all those injurious enterprises from which, through a better disposition and by the help of Heaven, I do myself restrain." |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Mohammed Aldouri | Well, I repeat here that we don't want this war happening at all, and we want that American administration restrain to do that. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Thomas Jefferson | 1801-1809 | If there be still improprieties which this rule would not restrain, its supplement must be sought in the censorship of public opinion. |
James K. Polk | 1845-1849 | One great object of the Constitution was to restrain majorities from oppressing minorities or encroaching upon their just rights. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | Last January, and again last September, I recommended fiscal and moderate tax measures to try to restrain the unbalanced pace of economic expansion. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | In that budget, I will propose legislation to restrain the growth of a number of existing programs. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | As we continue to work with business to hold down prices, we'll build also on the historic national accord with organized labor to restrain pay increases in a fair fight against inflation. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | We must increase our efforts to restrain the spread of nuclear weapons and missiles, from Korea to India and Pakistan. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Restrain" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 91.84% of the time. "Restrain" is used about 429 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 91.84% | 394 | 14,131 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 7.23% | 31 | 62,296 |
| Noun (singular) | 0.93% | 4 | 175,879 |
| Total | 100.00% | 429 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "restrain": restrain from ♦ restrain one's appetite ♦ restrain oneself ♦ restrain smb. from doing smth.. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
restrain | 35 |
groom home pet restrain | 2 |
order restrain | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "restrain"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | regeer (control, govern, rule). (various references) | |
Albanian | përmbaj (carry, check, choke, comprise, constrain, contain, control, Cork, detain, deter, embrace, feature, gulp, hold, hold back, hold in, include, incorporate, pocket, repress, restock, stay), mposht (conquer, depress, lick, manage, outdo, overbear, overcome, overmaster, overpower, quench, subdue, take care of, vanquish), kufizoj (circumscribe, confine, enclose, hedge in, hem, inclose, limit, localise, localize, narrow, restrict, specialize, stint, straiten, terminate, tie, truncate), burgos (immure, imprison, incarcerate, quod, send up), bëj zapt (circumvent). (various references) | |
Arabic | كتمان (concealment, hiding, suppression), كتم (conceal, concealment, harbor, harbour, hide, hiding, repress, secrete, subdue, suppress, withhold), كبت (bridle, check, contain, down, hold, hold back, inhibit, inhibition, keep, keep back, repress, repression, restraint, stifle, subdue, suppress, suppression, withhold), كبح (arrest, bridle, check, contain, control, curb, hamper, hinder, hold, hold back, inhibit, inhibition, keep back, keep down, keep under control, leash, master, press, prevent, rein, repress, repression, restraint, steady, subdual, subdue, suppress, suppression, tame, withhold), قيد (bind, bond, bridle, chain, check, confine, derestrict, enchain, entry, fetter, handcuff, hold back, impose restrictions on, item, limit, limitation, manacle, qualify, record, register, restrict, restriction, rope, set bounds to, set down, shackle, tie, tie up), قمع (bridle, check, crush, funnel, put down, quash, quell, repress, repression, stamp down, subdue, suppress, suppression), حجز (attach, attachment, be taken, bespeak, bond, confine, confinement, constrain, derequisition, detain, detention, distrain, foreclose, have reservations, immure, impound, incarcerate, incarceration, keep, lock, mew, put away, recapture, reservation, reserve, retention, seize, seizure, sequester, sequestration, shut, staunch, stop, tackle), حرم (abridge, ban, be bereaved, be forbidden, bereave, contraband, debar, deny, deprive, disable, dispossess, divest, excommunicate, forbade, forbid, geld, interdict, inviolable, outlaw, prohibit, proscribe, rob, sacred, sanctuary, starve, suppress, wife), إعتقل (apprehend, arrest, be detained, lag, lock up, nab, pick up, seize, sneeze). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | сдържам (command, contain, guard, pocket, press back, repress, smother, stifle, suppress), възпирам (control, debar, deter, enchain, interdict, prohibit, repress, retain, stay, swaddle), въздържам (hold in, keep back, keep in, refrain, withhold), обуздавам (bit, bridle, chastise, curb, hamshackle, harness, leash, manage, quell, rein in, repress, school, smother, steady), затварям (case, cicatrize, close, constrain, douse, enclose, gaol, hem, house, immure, imprison, incarcerate, jail, latch, lock, lock up, mew, obturate, pen, prison, pull to, screw up, seal off, shut, shut away, shut in, shut up, stop, turn off), задържам (apprehend, arrest, can, contain, detain, deter, entrap, hold, hold back, hold off, hold over, hold up, immobilize, inhibit, keep, keep away, keep back, keep down, occlude, press back, reserve, retain, trig), арестувам (apprehend, arrest, attach, bring in, bust, impound, nab, nail, nip, pick up, pinch, pull, rap, round up, run in, secure, seize, take in, take up), попречвам (deter, forestall, hinder, intervene, preclude, prevent, prohibit, put off, stop), подтискам (constrict, grind down, gulp, oppress, repress, suppress, weight down). (various references) | |
Chinese | 錮 (denseness of clouds, obstinate disease, to stop), 詰 (investigate, scold), 軛 (yoke), 羈 (halter), 按捺 (control), 懿 (virtuous), 憋 (hold back, hold in, stifle, to choke, to hold), 拘禁 (constraint), 拘 (adhere, capture), ' (regulate), 克制 (forbear, forbearing, Forbore, forebear, Refrained, Refraining, renunciation, restrained, Restraining, restraint). (various references) | |
Czech | zdržovat (buttonhole, distract, hinder, hold off, impede, obstruct), překážet (get in the way, hamper, hinder, impede, interrupt, resist, stymie, tie up), krotit (constrain, curb, hamshackle, tame). (various references) | |
Danish | regere (control, govern, rule), lede (govern, head up). (various references) | |
Dutch | betomen (bridle, check), beteugelen (bridle, check), bedwingen (bridle, check). (various references) | |
Esperanto | regi (control, govern, rule), estri (govern, head up), deteni (abstract), bridi (bridle, check). (various references) | |
Faeroese | ráða fyri (control, govern, rule), tjóðra (bridle, check), sjórna (control, govern, rule), binda (bind, braid, bridle, check, connect, join, knit, plait, tie, tie up, twine, wreathe). (various references) | |
Farsi | مهارکردن , نگهداشتن (Hold, Imprison, Prop, Sustain), جلوگیری کردن از (Bridle, Check, Repel). (various references) | |
Finnish | pidättää (arrest, detain, hold back, keep back, reserve, take into custody, withhold), hillitä (calm, check, control, curb, hold back, master, repress, suppress), hallita (control, dominate, govern, reign, rule), ehkäistä (check, hamper, hinder, impede, obstruct, prevent). (various references) | |
French | retenir (recall, recollect, remember, reserve, retain, reverberate), réprimer (repress, retain), gouverner. (various references) | |
Frisian | regearje (control, govern, rule). (various references) | |
German | zurückhalten (abstract, detain, hold, hold back, hold in, keep, keep back, refrain, repress, retain, retard, suppress, to hold back, to refrain, to reserve, to retard, withheld, withhold, withholds). (various references) | |
Greek | αναχαιτίζω (check, contain, inhibit, intercert, stem, withhold). (various references) | |
Hebrew | למתן (decelerate, moderate, slow down, temper, tone down), למת' (bridle, curb, rein, toggle), לחסום (bar, block, close, jam, obstruct, occlude, prevent, shut, shut out, stem), ל"בלי' (forbear, repress), לבלום (brake, hold back, stop), לרסן (bridle, curb). (various references) | |
Hungarian | visszatart (contain, detain, hold, hold back, hold in, hold off, keep in, recoup, retain, retard, to check, to contain, to detain, to entrap, to hold back, to keep back, to keep from, to pocket, to pull, to pull up, to recoup, to repress, to restrain, to retain, to stay, withhold), megakadályoz (balk, counteract, deny, estop, foil, hinder, hindrance, prevent, prohibit, stymie, to arrest, to avert, to balk, to bar, to baulk, to check, to encumber, to hinder, to impede, to inhibit, to interfere, to keep from, to preclude, to put off, to set back, to stymie, to thwart), fegyelmezi magát, újra szûr. (various references) | |
Icelandic | stilla (control, govern, rule). (various references) | |
Indonesian | mengungkung (impede movement, shackle), mengepung (beset, besiege, meb, surround), mencegah (combat, prevent, prohibited), menahan nafsu. (various references) | |
Italian | reprimere (inhibit, put down, quash, quell, repress, smother, squelch, suppress), trattenere (Bate, contain, curb, deduct, detain, deter, entertain, hold, hold back, hold off, keep, keep oneself, pull in, remain, retain, suppress, withhold), imprigionare (confine, gaol, immure, imprison, jail, put in prison, trap), governare (conduct, control, govern, rule, run, steer, sway, take care), frenare (brake, check, contain, control, curb, stem), dominare (be on top of things, command, control, control oneself, curb, dominate, govern, Lord, master, order, overbear, overlook, overmaster, overrule, predominate, rule, subdue, sway, walk over), contenere (carry, comprise, contain, contain oneself, encompass, hold, include, stem). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 留め立て (restraint), 止め立て (restraint). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | とめ て (restraint). (various references) | |
Korean | 지하십시" (Deter). (various references) | |
Manx | streeaney (bridle, check, contain, containment, control, curb, rein, retard, retardation), smaghtaghey (afflict, castigation, chasten, chastening, chastisement, check, control, correct, correct as child, discipline, govern, master, mortify, overmaster, subject, taming), plooghey (asphyxia, asthma, choke, choking, congest, congestion, cushion, fugginess, glut, inundate, inundation, muffle, smother, smothering, stifle, suffocate, suffocation, tamp), lhiettal (clog, counteract, discourage, hinder, impede, inhibit, intercept, obstruct, prevent, prevention, restrict, stop down, veto), freayll fo (control, keep under), cur streean er (check, delimit, moderate, pull in), cummal veih (refrain, withhold). (various references) | |
Norwegian | styre (administer, control, direct, govern, rule), beherske (control, govern, rule). (various references) | |
Papiamen | reina (control, govern, queen, rule), goberná (control, govern, rule). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | estrainray.(various references) | |
Polish | rządzić (control, govern, rule), powstrzymywać (abstract), panować (control, govern, rule). (various references) | |
Portuguese | reger (administer, conduct, control, dominate, govern, manage, rule), deter (abstract, arrest, buttonhole, dam up, detain, deter, hold back, intercept, refrain, resist, retain, stop, suspend). (various references) | |
Romanian | reţine (arrest, bespeak, book, catch, confine, delay, detain, dock, engage, fix, ground, hinder, hold, hold in, impede, keep, keep back, keep in, laten, learn, memorize, nota bene, refrain, remember, reserve, retain, secure, stop, take by the button, trammel, withhold), micşora (abate, abridge, attenuate, Bate, belittle, contract, cut, deaden, decrease, detract, dilute, dock, drop, dwarf, ease, knock down, lessen, lighten, lower, mellow, mitigate, narrow, palliate, pare, pare down, put down, rebate, reduce, remit, retrench, shorten, stop, subdue, subjugate, weaken, whittle away), înãbuşi (blanket, bring under, choke, control, deaden, deafen, drown, hush, keep down, kill, mortify, muffle, quash, quell, quench, smother, stifle, strangle, suffocate, suppress, throttle), încurca (complicate, confound, confuse, cumber, discomfit, embrangle, embroil, entangle, floor, foul, gravel, hamper, hash, hinder, intertangle, involve, jumble, maze, medley, muddle, nonplus, perplex, pile up, pose, put out, puzzle, shuffle, sputter, stump, tangle, trouble), înfrâna (bridle, curb, refrain, tame, vanquish), conduce (accompany, administer, be in command, boss, boss the show, captain, carry on, charge, command, conduct, control, convey, direct, drive, escort, govern, guide, handle, head, husband, lead, lead the way, manage, master, operate, order, overrule, pilot, preside, rule, run, sail, see, see off, show, show up, steer, superintend, supervise, take, wield), controla (audit, check, control, direct, examine, govern, inspect, intercept, observe, oversee, prove, rule, sift, supervise, test, verify), împiedica (arrest, back, balk, baulk, block, brake, check, circumvent, clog, delay, detain, deter, embarrass, encumber, forbid, foreclose, hamper, help, hinder, hitch, hobble, hold, hopple, impede, inhibit, intercept, lock, obstruct, prevent, put on the brakes, shackle, shut out, snag, stay, stop, trammel, withhold), guverna (control, govern, manage, reign, rule, steer, sway), zãgãzui (bank, dam, embank, stem), opri (abate, abstain, arrest, balk, bar, baulk, break, bring to, bring to a stop, call off, circumvent, clog, collar, contain, curb, cut off, deflate, delay, discontinue, end, estop, forbear, forbid, foreclose, halt, hinder, hold, inhibit, interdict, keep back, phase out, prohibit, pull up, put a stopper on, put out, quench, retain, shut out, snag, staunch, stay, stem, stop, strangle, subside, taboo, withhold), pãzi (await, award, be careful, defend, fend, guard, heep an eye on, herd, keep, shield, tend, treasure, watch), stãpâni (check, command, control, dominate, get under, govern, have, hold, hold in leash, keep in, manage, own, quell, rage, reign, ride, rule, subdue, subjugate, sway, vanquish, wield), stãvili (arrest, bar, barricade, block, dam up, delay, dike, embank, hinder, quench, refrain, retain, retard, shut, slacken, slug, stem), struni (bridle, curb), forţa din nou. (various references) | |
Russian | удерживать (coerce, dam back, deter, hold, hold back, hold in, keep back, recoup, withhold). (various references) | |
Scottish | caisg (check, curb, quell, quench, stop), bac (a crook, hindrance, restraint). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | zadržati (delay, detain, dwell, hold back, hold down, impeach, keep, keep back, reserve, retain, stem, stop, withhold), uzdržavati se (forbear, hang back), uzdržavati (withhold), uzdržati, obuzdavati (hold back), obuzdati (chasten, control, curb, keep in, leash, rein, rein in, school). (various references) | |
Spanish | refrenar (check, contain, control, govern, hold back, refrain, rein, rein back, rein in, rule), contener (bottle up, bridle, check, comprise, contain, control, enclose, govern, hold, hold back, hold in, include, incorporate, intercept, keep back, keep down, keep in, press back, rule, run by, smother, suppress), capitanear (be in command, captain, command, govern, head, head up, lead, order, skipper). (various references) | |
Sranan | prey edeman (govern, head up), prey basi (govern, head up). (various references) | |
Swedish | inskränka (confine, cramp, hedge, limit, reduce, restrict), avhålla (hold, prevent), återhålla. (various references) | |
Turkish | tutmak (abide by, add up to, affect, Bate, be, bespeak, bind, book, catch, charter, check, choke, choke back, choke down, choke off, claw hold of, clench, clutch, cog, cohere, come to, confine, constrain, contain, cost, cramp, engage, Favor, favour, figure out at, fish, gather, get hold of, grapple, grasp, grip, guard, hang onto, hire, hire on, hold, hold back, hold in, hold on, hold on to, hold up, inhibit, intercept, keep, keep back, keep down, keep in, keep to, occupy, play, play on, play upon, possess, redeem, remand, reserve, retain, save, seize, seize on, stanchion, stick, stick to, stifle, strangle, support, take, take up, tot up, total, uphold, withhold, work out at), sınırlamak (bound, call off, circumscribe, confine, constrain, hedge, hedge about, hedge around, hem in, hold in, imprison, limit, line off, localize, qualify, restrict, straitjacket, terminate, tie), kısıtlamak (bound, circumscribe, clip one's wings, constrict, cramp, hedge, hedge about, hedge around, hem in, inhibit, limit, qualify, restrict, stint, tie down), hapsetmek (bar, cage, confine, detain, immure, imprison, incarcerate, intern, jail, lock up, mew, mew up, mure, pen, pen in, pen up, shut in, shut up), frenlemek (bottle up, brake, bridle, check, contain, curb, govern, keep in, rein back, retard), engellemek (balk, bar, baulk, block, circumvent, clamp the lid on smth., clog, counterwork, cramp, Crimp, cross, cumber, dam, dam up, defeat, embarrass, encumber, fetter, foil, gum up, hamper, hedge, hedge about, hedge around, hinder, hobble, impede, inhibit, keep down, keep from, obstruct, preclude, prevent from, put the lid on smth., resist, save, shut out, snag, stem, stymie, surety, trammel), dizginlemek (bridle, keep a tight rein on, rein back, rein in), bastırmak (allay, alleviate, appease, assuage, bear against, beat down, bottle up, Burke, choke, compress, crucify, depress, drown, extinguish, flow, gulp, gulp down, hold down, keep down, keep in, keep under, outtalk, overbear, overtake, pocket, push down, put down, quash, quell, quench, repress, set in, settle, settle in, silence, smother, smother up, squash, squelch, stamp, stifle, strangle, subdue, submerge, suppress, swallow, throttle back, throttle down, weigh, weigh down, whelm, whip), baskı altında tutmak (coerce, concuss, press smb. close, repress), alıkoymak (check, constrain, deforce, delay, detain, disable, hinder, hold, hold up, incapacitate, intercept, keep, keep from, keep in, preclude, retain, retard, stay, stick, stop, withhold). (various references) | |
Turkmen | saklanmak (restrain one's self). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | стримувати (abate, bound, bridle, chasten, check, coerce, constrain, contain, control, curb, deter, dominate, hold in, inhibit, moderate, pocket, rein, stay, stop, suppress, swaddle, swallow, temper), вгамовувати, обмежувати (abridge, astrict, bail, bound, circumscribe, confine, cramp, enclose, limit, narrow, pinch on, restrict, stint, straiten, terminate), позбавляти волі (imprison). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | castigo, coerceo, coercere, coercitus, coercui, cohibebant, cohibebo, cohibeo, cohibere, cohibita, compescor, confutare, conpescens, conpescuit, constricti, constringantur, constringatur, constringe, constringes, constringit, constringitur, constringo constrixi constrictum, constringuntur, constrinxerant, constrinxerit, contineo, freno, infreno, inhibere, mansuetabatur, modificare, prohibe, prohibeas, prohibeatis, prohibebam, prohibebant, prohibebantur, prohibebat, prohibebis, prohibebit, prohibebo, prohibente, prohibentem, prohibentes, prohibentium, prohibentur, prohibeo, prohibere, prohiberent, prohiberentur, prohibet, prohibita, prohibitae, prohibiti, prohibitio, prohibitione, prohibitique, prohibitus, prohibueritis, prohibuero, prohibuerunt, prohibui, prohibuimus, prohibuisti, prohibuit, refrenantem, restringere, retento, retentum, retine, retineas, retinebit, retinens, retinent, retinentes, retineo, retinere, retines, retinet, retinete, retinetis, retinuerit, retinueritis, retinuit, sedare, sedasset, sedaverunt, sedavit, sedem, sedemus, sedent, sedere, sederis, sedes, sedet, sedetis, sedetur, vinci, vinciantur, vinciebatur, vincientes, vincimini, vinciri, vincit, vincitur, vincta, vincti, vinctis, vinctorum, vinctos, vinctum, vinctus, vinxerunt, vinxit, vinxitque. (various references) |
| Old French | 900-1400 | refraigner. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Job Chapter 15, Verse 8 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | H suntagma kuriou akhkoaV eiV de se afiketo sofia |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Numquid consilium Dei audisti et inferior te erit eius sapientia |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Hast thou heard the secret of God? and dost thou restrain wisdom to thyself? |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Hast thou heard the secret of God? and dost thou restrain wisdom to thyself? |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Were you present at the secret meeting of God? and have you taken all wisdom for yourself? |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Job Chapter 15, Verse 8 |
| Albanian | A e ke dëgjuar ti këshillën sekrete të Perëndisë apo vetëm ti zotëroke diturinë? |
| Cebuano | Nakadungog ka ba sa tinago nga kaalam sa Dios? Sa imong kaugalingon ba lamang gituga ang kaalam? |
| Chinese | 曾 聽 見 神 的 密 旨 麼 . 還 將 智 慧 獨 自 得 盡 麼 。 |
| Croatian | Zar si tajne Božje ti prisluškivao i mudrost èitavu za se prisvojio? |
| Danish | Mon du lytted til, da Gud holdt Råd, og mon du rev Visdommen til dig? |
| Dutch | Hebt gij den verborgen raad Gods gehoord, en hebt gij de wijsheid naar u getrokken? |
| Finnish | Oletko sinä kuulijana Jumalan neuvottelussa ja anastatko viisauden itsellesi? |
| French | As-tu reçu les confidences de Dieu? As-tu dérobé la sagesse ton profit? |
| German | Hast du Gottes heimlichen Rat gehört und die Weisheit an dich gerissen? |
| Haitian Creole | Eske ou te la lè Bondye t'ap fè plan travay li, kifè ou konnen pase tout moun? |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Apakah kau mendengar Allah membuat rencana-Nya? Apakah hanya engkau yang mempunyai hikmat manusia? |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Engkaukah sudah mendengar rahasia Allah dan sudah menarik segala hikmat kepada dirimu. |
| Italian | Hai avuto accesso ai segreti consigli di Dio e ti sei appropriata tu solo la sapienza? |
| Korean | 하 나 님 의 모 의 를 네 가 " 었 느 냐 ? 지 혜 를 홀 로 가 졌 느 냐 ? |
| Maori | Kua rongo ranei koe i to te Atua whakaaro puku? Kei te kaiponu ranei koe i te whakaaro ki a koe anake? |
| Norwegian | Har du vært tilhører i Guds lønnlige råd og der tilranet dig visdom? |
| Rumanian | Ai fost tu la sfaturile lui Dumnezeu; wi ai sorbit din ele knyelepciune pentru tine? |
| Spanish | ¿Has escuchado el secreto de Dios, para que tú solo te apropies de la sabiduría? |
| Swedish | Blev du åhörare i Guds hemliga råd och fick så visheten i ditt våld? |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "restrain": restrainable, restrained, restrainedly, restrainer, restrainers, restraining, restrains, restraint, restraints. (additional references) | |
Words containing "restrain": unrestrained, unrestrainedly, unrestrainedness, unrestrainednesses, unrestraint, unrestraints. (additional references) | |
| |
"Restrain" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: cestrian, destrain, eretrian, estrain, rastron, reattain, resfrain, resrain, restain, restane, restraind, risoria, rostralis, Trestrail, tristran. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "restrain" (pronounced rēstrā"n) |
| 5 | -s t r ā" n | constrain, strain. |
| 4 | -t r ā" n | overtrain, retrain, train. |
| 3 | -r ā" n | brain, crane, drain, grain, ingrain, rain, refrain, reign, rein, sprain. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: retrains, strainer, terrains, trainers. | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-i-n-r-r-s-t" | |
-1 letter: anestri, antsier, artsier, errants, nastier, ranters, ratines, retains, retinas, retrain, retsina, sierran, stainer, stearin, tarries, tarsier, terrain, trainer. | |
-2 letters: airers, airest, antres, arisen, arrest, arsine, artier, astern, errant, estrin, inerts, insert, instar, inters, irater, niters, nitres, raiser, ranter, rarest, raster, raters, ratine, retain, retina, rinser, santir, satire, sierra, sinter, snarer, starer, sterna. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-i-n-r-r-s-t" | |
+1 letter: arresting, instarred, pretrains, restrains, restraint, retainers, retirants, serrating, serration, strainers, ternaries, terrapins, transpire, veratrins. | |
+2 letters: contraries, distrainer, entrainers, errantries, garnitures, interlards, ironmaster, irredentas, irridentas, narratives, overstrain, overtrains, pretorians, rainforest, rainwaters, registrant, restarting, restrained, restrainer, restraints, retransmit, ringmaster, serrations, tarriances, transcribe, transpired, transpires, traversing, treasuring, tristearin, truantries, veratrines, warranties. | |
+3 letters: aberrations, antitruster, arrestingly, brainteaser, carpentries, catarrhines, denigrators, distrainers, drivetrains, fraternizes, freemartins, garnierites, heartstring, hibernators, integrators, intergrades, intergrafts, interlayers, interparish, interstrain, interstrand, interurbans, ironmasters, itineraries, natriureses, natriuresis, ordinariest, overstrains, partnership, parturients, perorations, praetorians, printmakers, quarterings, rainforests, rearresting, reasserting, reassertion, reassorting, recreations, refractions, registrants, remastering, reparations, reservation, respiration, restoration, restrainers, restraining, retractions, retransmits, ringmasters, ringstraked, springwater, strangering, stranguries, streamliner, terminators, trailerings, transceiver, transcribed, transcriber, transcribes, transferrin, transfigure, transmarine, transmitter, transpierce, travertines, tristearins, tyrannizers, unrestraint. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Historic | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Quotations: Spoken 12. Quotations: Speeches | 13. Usage Frequency 14. Expressions 15. Expressions: Internet 16. Translations: Modern | 17. Translations: Ancient 18. Bible Trace 19. Derivations 20. Rhymes | 21. Anagrams 22. Bibliography |
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