Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Reservoir |
ReservoirNoun1. A large or extra supply of something: "a reservoir of talent". 2. Lake used to store water for community use. 3. Tank used for collecting and storing a liquid (as water or oil). Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "reservoir" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Building & Civil Engineering | An artificial lake, basin or tank in which a large quantity of water can be stored. Source: European Union. (references) |
Electrical Engineering | A device used to maintain the required gas pressure within the tube. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A large quantity of water which is formed when closing off the mouth of a valley, and which is used to store and regulate the flow of water to feed channels, to irrigate or to feed the intakes of hydroelectric plants. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Fine Arts | Is interposed between the bellows and the wind chest, appropriately weighted to keep the supply of wind at a constant pressure. Source: European Union. (references) |
Geography | A component or components of the climate system where a greenhouse gas or a precursor of a greenhouse gas is stored. Source: European Union. (references) |
Hydrologic | A pond, lake, or basin, either natural or artificial, for the storage, regulation, and control of water. (references) |
| A manmade facility for the storage, regulation and controlled release of water. (references) | |
Mechanical Engineering | Container for storing the working fluid of a power system. Source: European Union. (references) |
Public Administration | Container for the provision of water for fire-fighting. Source: European Union. (references) |
Weather | Any natural or artificial holding area used to store, regulate, or control a substance. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Petroleum geology is a term used to refer to the specific set of geological disciplines that are applied to the search for hydrocarbons. It is principally concerned with the evaluation of seven key elements in sedimentary basins:
- Source
- Reservoir
- Seal
- Trap
- Timing
- Maturation
- Migration
Schematic of some of the seven key elements This figure illustrates a structural trap, where a fault has juxtaposed a porous and permeable reservoir against an impermeable seal. Oil (shown in red) accumulates against the seal, to the depth of the base of the seal. Any further oil migrating in from the source will escape to the surface and seep. In general, all these elements must be assessed via a limited 'window' into the subsurface world, provided by one (or possibly more) exploration wells. These wells present only a 1-dimensional segment through the Earth and the skill of inferring 3-dimensional characteristics from them is one of the most fundamental in petroleum geology. Recently, the availability of cheap and high quality 3D seismic data has greatly aided the accuracy of such interpretation. The following section discusses these elements in brief. For a more in-depth treatise, see the second half of this article below.
Evaluation of the source uses the methods of geochemistry to quantify the nature of organic-rich rocks which contain the precursors to hydrocarbons, such that the type and quality of expelled hydrocarbon can be assessed.
The reservoir is a porous and permeable lithological unit or set of units that holds the hydrocarbon reserves. Analysis of reservoirs at the simplest level requires an assessment of their porosity (to calculate the volume of in situ hydrocarbons) and their permeability (to calculate how easily hydrocarbons will flow out of them). Some of the key disciplines used in reservoir analysis are the fields of stratigraphy, sedimentology, and reservoir engineering.
The seal, or cap rock, is a unit with low permeability that impedes the escape of hydrocarbons from the reservoir rock. Common seals include evaporites, chalks and shales. Analysis of seals involves assessment of their thickness and extent, such that their effectiveness can be quantified.
The trap is the stratigraphic or structural feature that ensures the juxtaposition of reservoir and seal such that hydrocarbons remain trapped in the subsurface, rather than escaping (due to their natural buoyancy) and being lost.
Analysis of maturation involves assessing the thermal history of the source rock in order to make predictions of the amount and timing of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion.
Finally, careful studies of migration reveal information on how hydrocarbons move from source to reservoir and help quantify the source (or kitchen) of hydrocarbons in a particular area.
Major subdisciplines in petroleum geology
Several major subdisciplines exist in petroleum geology specifically to study the seven key elements discussed above.
Analysis of source rocks
In terms of source rock analysis, several facts need to be established. Firstly, the question of whether there actually is any source rock in the area must be answered. Delineation and identification of potential source rocks depends on studies of the local stratigraphy, palaeogeography and sedimentology to determine the likelihood of organic-rich sediments having been deposited in the past.If the likelihood of there being a source rock is thought to be high, then next matter to address is the state of thermal maturity of the source, and the timing of maturation. Maturation of source rocks (see diagenesis and fossil fuels) depends strongly on temperature, such that the majority of oil generation occurs in the 60° to 120°C range. Gas generation starts at similar temperatures, but may continue up beyond this range, perhaps as high as 200°C. In order to determine the likelihood of oil/gas generation, therefore, the thermal history of the source rock must be calculated. This is performed with a combination of geochemical analysis of the source rock (to determine the type of kerogens present and their maturation characteristics) and basin modelling methods, such as backstripping, to model the thermal gradient in the sedimentary column.
Analysis of reservoir
The existence of a reservoir rock (typically, sandstones and fractured limestones) is determined through a combination of regional studies (i.e. analysis of other wells in the area), stratigraphy and sedimentology (to quantify the pattern and extent of sedimentation) and seismic interpretation. Once a possible hydrocarbon reservoir is identified, the key physical characteristics of a reservoir that are of interest to a hydrocarbon explorationist are its porosity and permeability. Traditionally, these were determined through the study of hand specimens, contiguous parts of the reservoir that outcrop at the surface and by the technique of formation evaluation using wireline tools passed down the well itself. Modern advances in seismic data acquisition and processing have meant that seismic attributes of subsurface rocks are readily available and can be used to infer physical/sedimentary properties of the rocks themselves.Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Petroleum geology."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A reservoir is an artificial lake created by flooding land behind a dam. Some of the world's largest lakes are reservoirs.Surveyors have to find river valleys which are deep and narrow; the valley sides can then act as natural walls. The best place for building a dam has to be determined. If necessary, humans have to be rehoused and/or historic sites have to be moved, e.g. the temples of Abu Simbel before the construction of the Aswan Dam, creating Lake Nasser.
See also: List of reservoirs and dams
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Reservoir."
Synonym: ReservoirSynonym: artificial lake (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Gulf Lake | Lake, loch, lough, mere, tarn, plash, broad, pond, pool, lin, puddle, slab, well, artesian well; standing water, dead water, sheet of water; fish pond, mill pond; ditch, dike, dyke, dam; reservoir. (store); alberca, barachois, hog wallow. |
Store | Reservoir, cistern, aljibar, tank, pond, mill pond; gasometer. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Reservoir |
| English words defined with "reservoir": Astral lamp ♦ By-wash ♦ catchment area, catchment basin, cistern ♦ drainage area, drainage basin ♦ faucet, Fore bay, Fountain inkstand, Fountain lamp, fountain pen ♦ heat pump, Hushing, Hydraulic jack, hydraulic pump, hydraulic ram ♦ Intermittent springs ♦ Lake Victoria, Lamp fount ♦ Oil box, Oil cellar ♦ Piffara ♦ Receiving reservoir, Rising main ♦ Stylographic pen, sump ♦ Urinarium ♦ Victoria Nyanza ♦ Waste gate, water gage, water gauge, water glass, water tower, Wind chest. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "reservoir": detention reservoir ♦ Multipurpose Reservoir ♦ reservoir caretaker, reservoir rim, Reservoir Surface Area, Reservoir Volume, retarding reservoir ♦ Total Gross Reservoir Capacity. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Reservoir" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Dutch (cistern, reservoir, tank), German (pool, reservoir). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | He takes a plane, he goes over the reservoir, fills it with water, dumps it, puts the fire out. (Always; writing credit: Chandler Sprague; David Boehm) So he sees this building on fire and then just outside of town is this reservoir, so what he does is -- (Always; writing credit: Chandler Sprague; David Boehm) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Het Machtig reservoir (1974) Reservoir Bitches (1994) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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Consumer Goods |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | These samples were sent back to CDC in Atlanta for testing to search for the animal reservoir of the Ebola virus. Credit: CDC. |  | R. norvegicus is known to be a reservoir of bubonic plague (transmitted to man by the bite of a flea or other insect), endemic typhus fever, ratbite fever, and a few other dreaded diseases. Credit: CDC. |
 | Nicknamed "Dragon Lake," this body of water is formed by the Bratskove Reservoir, built along the Angara River in southern Siberia, near the city of Bratsk. This image was acquired in winter, when the lake is frozen. Credit: NASA. |  | Government trucks at Abilene Surveying Red Bluff Reservoir for a sea plane landing site Series of reservoirs and lakes used to ferry sea planes across United States Wire drag party of Max G. Ricketts. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | Checking boatsheet during wiredrag survey of Mitchell Jordan Reservoir Plastic three-arm protractor for plotting fixes barely visible under hand Surveying reservoir for seaplane landing site during WWII ferrying operations Wiredrag party of Max G. Ricketts. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Shasta Reservoir. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | Spring Creek , looking into the sun, from Keswick Reservoir near Redding, CA. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Flat Creek at Keswick reservoir near Redding CA near normal riparian habitat. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Research Vessel HIODON. This vessel was used in inland studies of freshwater reservoirs, in particular Oahe Reservoir on the Missouri River. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |  | Figure 5. Aime' minimum temperature recording thermometer presented to the Academy of Sciences in Paris in 1844 and described by Aime' in 1845. This instrument differed little from the preceding but at a small point where the fluid enters into the reservoir. This is a reproduction by Negretti and Zambra in 1913. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Ink reservoir 1" by Ashvin Jetpuria Commentary: "Mont Blanc ink reservoir at various angles. More can be uploaded if requested." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | The Faubourg Saint Antoine is a reservoir of people |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Humans only known reservoir. (references) | |
Humans are not the natural reservoir for any of these viruses. (references) | ||
The natural reservoir host for the epizootic strains is not known. (references) | ||
Business | ROMGAZ gives special consideration to the descending evolution of the domestic gas production, as a consequence of the reservoir depletion and the reduction of research-exploration activities. (references) | |
Economic History | Bahrain | Many years of heavy demand in Saudi Arabia and Bahrain have significantly depleted it, threatening its long-term viability and allowing seawater to infiltrate the reservoir. (references) |
Venezuela | A number of transitional and constitutional issues remain to be addressed, including the treatment of a project when oil is discovered alongside a non-associated gas reservoir. (references) | |
Qatar | The main economic challenge that Qatar has confronted is development of its huge natural gas reserves in the North Field, the largest non-associated natural gas reservoir in the world. (references) | |
Human Rights | Zimbabwe | On December 8, Augustus Chacha, an MDC activist, was abducted from his home by suspected ZANU-PF supporters; his body was found in a reservoir near his home in Shurugwi district on December 10. A local ZANU-PF spokesman denied that the party was responsible for the killing. (references) |
Political Economy | Ireland | The Irish commitment to WTO mechanisms and the reservoir of goodwill built up between the U.S. and Ireland has, however, tempered the direct impact of U.S.-EU trade disputes on U.S.-Irish relations. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Their lives ended in places called Belleau Wood, The Argonne, Omaha Beach, Salerno and halfway around the world on Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Pork Chop Hill, the Chosin Reservoir, and in a hundred rice paddies and jungles of a place called Vietnam. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Reservoir" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 96.65% of the time. "Reservoir" is used about 656 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 96.65% | 634 | 10,258 |
| Noun (proper) | 3.35% | 22 | 74,468 |
| Total | 100.00% | 656 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "reservoir": bile reservoir ♦ catch water in reservoir ♦ continent reservoir ♦ detention reservoir ♦ flood control reservoir ♦ gas reservoir ♦ hydraulic reservoir ♦ hydraulic reservoir fill point ♦ Ileoanal Reservoir ♦ natural gas reservoir ♦ Ommaya reservoir ♦ receiving reservoir ♦ reservoir compound ♦ reservoir of comets ♦ reservoir rim ♦ reservoir species ♦ retarding reservoir ♦ storage reservoir ♦ water reservoir. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "reservoir": reservoir-owner. | |
Ending with "reservoir": inter-reservoir. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "reservoir"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | bassin (basin). (various references) | |
Albanian | rezervuar uji, rezervuar (barrel, bulb, cistern, sump, tank), ujëmbledhës (catchment). (various references) | |
Arabic | فنطاس حوض (cistern, container, tank), صهريج (cistern, container, lighter, tank), ذخيرة (ammo, ammunition, dump, hoard, munitions, repertory, reserve, store), خزان (barrage, dam, tank), الخزان, إحتياطي (army reserve, auxiliary, margin, spare, standing by). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | събирам в резервоар, резервоар (barrel, basin, cistern, container, feed-tank, receiver, tank), запас (army reserve, arrearage, backlog, fund, hoard, reserve, stock, store, supply), източник (derivation, font, fountain-head, hand, mint, origin, parent, paternity, quarry, quarter, quarters, source, spring, thesaurus, well). (various references) | |
Chinese | 陂 (rugged, uneven), 貯水處 , 水庫 , 水库, 池 (pond). (various references) | |
Czech | rezervoár, zásobárna (storeroom), přehrada (barrage, barrier, dam), nádržka (container), nádrž (basin, tank). (various references) | |
Danish | reservoir/reservoirvært, reservoir (man-made lake, reservoir compound, reservoir species, sink, storage, store), vandreservoir, vandbeholder, tank (tank), magasin (air chamber, card hopper, depot, feed hopper, hopper, magazine, man-made lake, shed, stack, staging area, stockroom, storage, storage house, store, storehouse, storeroom, warehouse), kunstig sø (man-made lake, storage), gasreservoir (gas reservoir), dræn (discharge, drain, eduction, emptying, filter, filter zone, oil change, reservoir compound, reservoir species, sink, sink species, store), depotstof (reservoir compound, reservoir species, sink, store). (various references) | |
Dutch | reservoir (cistern, tank). (various references) | |
Esperanto | baseno (basin). (various references) | |
Faeroese | hylur (basin, pool), brunnur (basin, well). (various references) | |
Farsi | مخزن اب (Cistern), مخزن (Bomb, Cache, Depository, Fountain, Magazine, Repertory, Repository, Stank, Storage, Store, Storehouse, Sump, Tank, Thesaurus, Warehouse), ذخیره (Hoard, Reservation, Reserve, Spare, Stock, Stockpile, Store), اب انبار (Cistern). (various references) | |
Finnish | vesisäiliö (cistern, tank), säiliö (box, cistern, container, jug, tank, vessel). (various references) | |
French | réservoir (gas reservoir, receiver, receptacle, reservoir compound, reservoir species). (various references) | |
German | Staubecken (bottom), Reservoir (pool), Behälter (bin, bins, box, caddy, canister, cistern, container, crib, jug, receptacle, receptacles, repositories, reservoirs, tank, vase, vessel), Stausee (artificial lake), Speicher (attic, loft, lofts, memory, storage, store, storehouse, tank), Sammelbecken (catchment area, collecting tank, melting pot). (various references) | |
Greek | δεξαμενή (cistern, dam, sump, tank, vat). (various references) | |
Hebrew | מקוה מים (cistern, pool), מאגור, מאגר (catch basin, hoard, stockpile), מכל מים (cistern), מכל (container, entirely, fount, receptacle, tank), אגם (lake, pond, pool). (various references) | |
Hungarian | zsilipköz, víztorony (water tank, water tower), víztartály (bay, cistern, water tank), víztározó (aquifer, water tank), vízgyűjtő medence (catchment, catchment area, catchment basin), tározó (havaria), tároló medence, olajtartó kőzetek, likacsos kőzetek, gyűjtő medence. (various references) | |
Indonesian | waduk air. (various references) | |
Italian | serbatoio (barrel, bunker, cistern, tank). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 貯水池 , 貯水池 , 用水地 , 溜池 (pond), 溜め池 , 浄水地 . (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ためいけ (pond), ようすいいけ, じょうすいち, ちょすいち. (various references) | |
Korean | 공기통. (various references) | |
Manx | doour (dam). (various references) | |
Maya | aakal. (various references) | |
Papiamen | kònchi (basin). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | eservoirray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | reservatório (cistern, coalburner, flash, pond, sump, tank, vessel, water-craft), depósito (bailment, deposition, depository, dreg, font, garner, lodging, magazine, outhouse, sediment, storehouse, tank, warehouse). (various references) | |
Romanian | rezervor (cistern, collector, fount, fountain, receiver, tank), pune într-un rezervor, cisternã (cistern, oil car, tank), bazin (area, basin, cistern, dock, field, region, tank, well). (various references) | |
Russian | резервуар (cistern, conduit head, fount, tank, vessel). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | rezervoarski (tank), rezervoar (cistern, drum, tank), veštačko jezero. (various references) | |
Spanish | depósito (barrel, bond, cistern, deposit, depository, depot, escrow, morgue, Pinfold, repository, retainer, storage, store, storehouse, storeroom, tank, warehouse), recipiente de agua (basin), embalse (dam, damming). (various references) | |
Swedish | behållare (container, fountain, hold, tank), reservoar (conduit head, fountain, tank). (various references) | |
Turkish | rezervuar (cistern), su deposu (cistern, tank), hazne (dam, receptacle, tank), depo (depository, depot, entrepot, goods yard, packing house, receptacle, repertory, repository, stock room, storage, store, storeroom, tank, warehouse, yard). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | скарбниця (depository, storehouse, thesaurus, treasure house, treasury), резервуар (basin, bin, cistern, container, fount), басейн (basin, baths, drainage basin, pond, pool, swimming pool). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | nguồn (springhead), kho dự trữ (hoard), bể chứa nước. (various references) | |
Welsh | cronfa (fund). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | kun. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | alveus, crater. (various references) |
| Old French | 900-1400 | reserver. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "reservoir": reservoirs. (additional references) | |
| |
"Reservoir" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: resavoir, reservior, reserviour, reservoire, reservoired, reservois, resevoir, rservoir. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "reservoir" (pronounced re"zuvwÄ'r or re"zervwÄ'r) |
| 3 | -w Ä' r | Jaguar, memoir, repertoire. |
| 3 | -w Ä' r | Jaguar, memoir, repertoire. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "e-e-i-o-r-r-r-s-v" | |
-1 letter: orreries. | |
-2 letters: erosive, reivers, reverso, reviser, revisor, rievers, sorrier. | |
-3 letters: errors, reiver, reives, rerise, rerose, revers, revise, riever, rivers, rosier, rovers, server, sirree, soever, soiree, verier, verser, vireos. | |
-4 letters: erose, error, orris, osier, overs, reive, riser, river, rives, rover, roves, serer, serve, servo, sever, sieve, siree, siver, sorer, veers, verse, verso, viers, vireo, vires. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-e-i-o-r-r-r-s-v" | |
+1 letter: reservoirs. | |
+2 letters: overstirred, reversioner. | |
+3 letters: retroversion, retroviruses, reversionary, reversioners. | |
+4 letters: interobserver, overprescribe, retrogressive, retroversions, tergiversator. | |
+5 letters: cryopreserving, interobservers, overprescribed, overprescribes, reverberations, tergiversators, videorecorders. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Quotations: Speeches 12. Usage Frequency | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Translations: Ancient | 17. Derivations 18. Rhymes 19. Anagrams 20. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
