Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Research |
ResearchNoun1. Systematic investigation to establish facts. 2. A search for knowledge; "their pottery deserves more research than it has received". Verb1. Inquire into. 2. Attempt to find out; "The student researched the history of that word". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "research" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Mining | Word often misused. Two broad meanings are reexamination of previously accepted data in the light of current expansion of basic knowledge; and search in reality, specific to an entirely novel concept and calling for development of new approaches. Wrongly defined when descriptive oforiginal rehash. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Research
Research covers the search for and retrieval of information for a specific purpose. Research has many categories, from medical research to literary research.Types of business research
Businesses engage primarily in four types of research:
- Marketing research - Marketing research (also called "consumer research") comprises a form of applied sociological study which concentrates on understanding the behaviours, whims and preferences, mainly current and future, of consumers in a market-based economy.
- Market research - Market research has a broad scope and includes all aspects of the business environment. It asks questions about competitorss, market structure, government regulations, economic trends, technological advances, and numerous other factors that make up the business environment. (See Environmental scanning.) Sometimes the term refers more particularly to the financial analysis of companies, industries, or sectors. In this case, financial analysts usually carry out the research and provide the results to investment advisors and potential investors.
- Product research - This looks at what products can be produced with available technology, and what new product innovations near-future technology can develop. (see New Product Development)
- Advertising research - This attempts to assess the likely impact of an advertising campaign in advance, and also measure the success of a recent campaign.
Types of marketing research
Marketing research techniques come in many forms, including:All of these forms of marketing research can be classified as either problem-identification research or as problem-solving research.
- test marketing - a small-scale product launch used to determine the likely acceptance of the product when it is introduced into a wider market
- concept testing - to determine if consumers consider a concept useful
- mystery shopping - An employee of the company conducting the research contacts a salesperson and indicates they are shopping for the product they sell. They then record the entire experience. This method is often used for quality control or for researching competitors products.
- store audits - to determine whether retail stores provide adequate service
- demand estimation - to determine the approximate level of demand for the product
- sales forecasting - to determine the expected level of sales given the level of demand
- customer satisfaction studies - exit interviews or surveys that determine a customer's level of satisfaction with the quality of the transaction
- distribution channel audits - to assess distributors’ and retailers’ attitudes toward a product, brand, or company
- price elasticity testing - to determine how sensitive customers are to price changes
- segmentation research - to determine the demographic, psychographic, and behavioural characteristics of potential buyers
- consumer decision process research - to determine what motivates people to buy and what decision-making process they use
- positioning research - how does the target market see the brand relative to competitors? - what does the brand stand for?
- brand name testing - what do consumers feel about the names of the products?
- brand equity research - how favourably do consumers view the brand?
A similar distinction exists between exploratory research and conclusive research. Exploratory research provides insights into and comprehension of an issue or situation. It should draw definitive conclusions only with extreme caution. Conclusive research draws conclusions: the results of the study can be generalized to the whole population.
Both exploratory and conclusive research exemplify primary research. A company collects primary research for its own purposes. This contrasts with secondary research: research published previously and usually by someone else. Secondary research costs far less than primary research, but seldom comes in a form that exactly meets the needs of the researcher.
Types of marketing research methods
Methodologically, marketing research uses four types of research designs, namely:Researchers often use more than one research design. They may start with secondary research to get background information, then conduct a focus group (qualitative research design) to explore the issues. Finally they might do a full nation-wide survey (quantitative research design) in order to devise specific recommendations for the client.
- Qualitative marketing research - generally used for exploratory purposes - small number of respondents - not generalizable to the whole population - statistical significance and confidence not calculated - examples include focus groups, depth interviews, and projective techniques
- Quantitative marketing research - generally used to draw conclusions - tests a specific hypothesis - uses random sampling techniques so as to infer from the sample to the population - involves a large number of resondents - examples include surveys and questionnaires
- Observational techniques - the researcher observes social phenomena in their natural setting - observations can occur cross-sectionally (observations made at one time) or longitudinally (observations occur over several time-periods) - examples include product-use analysis and computer cookie traces
- Experimental techniques - the researcher creates a quasi-artificial environment to try to control spurious factors, then manipulates at least one of the variables - examples include purchase laboratories and test markets
Some commonly used marketing research terms
Many of these techniques resemble those used in political polling and social science research. Meta-analysis (also called the Schmidt-Hunter technique) refers to a statistical method of combining data from multiple studies or from several types of studies. Conceptualization means the process of converting vague mental images into definable concepts. Operationalization is the process of converting concepts into specific observable behaviours that a researcher can measure. Precision refers to the exactness of any given measure. Reliability refers to the likelihood that a given operationalized construct will yield the same results if re-measured. Validity refers to the extent to which a measure provides data that captures the meaning of the operationalized construct as defined in the study. It asks, “Are we measuring what we intended to measure?”Applied research sets out to prove a specific hypothesis of value to the clients paying for the research. For example, a cigarette company might commission research that attempts to show that cigarettes are good for one's health. Many researchers have ethical misgivings about doing applied research.
Sugging forms a sales technique in which sales people pretend to conduct marketing research, but with the real purpose of obtaining buyer motivation and buyer decision-making information to be used in a subsequent sales call.
Frugging comprises the practice of soliciting funds under the pretense of being a research organization.
See also
- marketing
- quantitative marketing research
- qualitative marketing research
- observational techniques
- experimental techniques
- industry or market research
Finding related topics
- list of marketing topics
- list of management topics
- list of economics topics
- list of finance topics
- list of human resource management topics
- list of accounting topics
- list of information technology management topics
- list of international trade topics
- list of business law topics
- list of production topics
- list of business ethics, political economy, and philosophy of business topics
- list of business theorists
- list of economists
- list of corporate leaders
- list of companies
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Marketing research."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Research is the labor of finding knowledge (and information), either where it was hidden, hard to reach, or unknown. Research usually means empirical research.
Generally, one can distinguish between basic research and applied research. See also: science.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Research."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The specific methods used in any type of research depend on the type of research being performed.See:
Psychological_research_methods
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Research methods."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Social research is the branch of sociology that carries out research.
Social Research Organisations
- Centre for Rural Social Research, Australia
- Economic and Social Research Council, United Kingdom
- Institute for Public Policy and Social Research, USA
- Institute for Social Research, Germany
- Mass-Observation, United Kingdom
- Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, Australia
- National Centre for Social Research, United Kingdom
- New School for Social Research, New York City
Social Research Projects
- Radio Project, USA, 1937
Social Research Techniques
- Quantitative marketing research
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Social research."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| MERLIN Reactor | English | Medium Energy Research Light-water-moderated Industrial Nuclear Reactor | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: ResearchSynonyms: enquiry (n), inquiry (n), explore (v), search (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Evidence | Citation, reference; legal research, literature search (experiment). |
Experiment | Literature search, library research. |
Inquiry | Noun: inquiry; request; search, research, quest, pursuit. |
Workshop | Hive, hive of industry; nursery; hothouse, hotbed; kitchen; mint, forge, loom; dock, dockyard; alveary; armory; laboratory, lab, refinery; cannery; power plant; beauty parlor;beehive, bindery, forcing pit, nailery, usine, slip, yard, wharf; foundry, foundery; furnace; vineyard. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | From a research point of view, Lecter is our most prized asset (The Silence of the Lambs; writing credit: Ted Tally) And finish up that radiation research in the basement (AlfTales; writing credit: Bradley Kesden; Mitchell Kriegman) It's just research for that stupid article Jason made me do. (Charmed; writing credit: Colman deKay) Oh yeah, a research party (Buffy the Vampire Slayer; writing credit: Doreen Spicer) If you're hanging out with women as friends, your doing your research in the wrong library (The Tao of Steve; writing credit: Duncan North; Greer Goodman) | |
Lyrics | Deep within the bowels of the UCLA research center, that not only (Mephisto and Kevin; performing artist: Primus) | |
Clever | It was recently discovered that research causes cancer in rats. (references; author: unknown) It has recently been discovered that research causes cancer in rats. (references; author: unknown) To steal ideas from one person is plagiarism; to steal from many is research. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Teamwork in Farm Research (1959) Eye on Research (1959) Crash Research (1955) The Research Director (1954) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
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Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies |
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Music |
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High Tech |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | DNA microarray technology is a powerful new research tool that allows scientists to assess the level of expression of a large subset of the 100,000 human genes in a cell or tissue. This technology can quickly produce a snapshot of the genes that are active in a tumor cell, critical information in narrowing the precise molecular causes of a cancer. Two different images available. First is of female lab technician sitting at computer that displays a microarray. The second is a man at same setting. Credit: Bill Branson. |  | One of the many uses for the laser in medical research is as a light source to detect premalignant and malignant cells in a Pap smear. Shown here are gynecologic cells passing in a stream through the laser beam where each cell is analyzed. Abnormal-appearing cells can be sorted from the rest of the cells and later examined by a pathologist for evidence of cancer. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |
 | These CDC lab technicians are working on AIDS research during a series of 1988 laboratory studies. Credit: CDC. |  | Armadillos used in leprosy research. Credit: CDC. |
 | Three ER-2 Aircraft in flight formation over Ames Research Center. Credit: NASA. |  | 1944 Icing Research Tunnel. Credit: NASA. |
 | Lunar Landing Research Facility. Credit: NASA. |  | The Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) has reached an ... Credit: NASA. |
 | Deployment of meteorological balloon OCEANOGRAPHER maiden voyage Eclipse expedition to South America Early example of cooperative meteorological and oceanographic research. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Piston corers ready for deployment on Scripps research ship MELVILLE. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "Hoi Ha Research Center" by Kenneth Wu Commentary: "Hoi Ha Research Center - Open Soon." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Author | Quotation |
Brian Moore | Research is usually a policeman stopping a novel from progressing. |
William Henry | What is research, but a blind date with knowledge. |
William Wordsworth | Lost in a gloom of uninspired research. |
Wilson Mizner. | If you steal from one author, it's plagiarism. If you steal from two, it's research. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Study and research into this strange idiom lead to the mysterious point of intersection between popular society and outcast society |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Fetal tissue research. (references) | |
The promise of outcomes research. (references) | ||
This is a critical research question. (references) | ||
Business | It includes funding some research and development studies. (references) | |
Such research results are available to AMVIR members upon request. (references) | ||
This complaint was heard repeatedly in the research for this report. (references) | ||
Children | Portugal | The University of Minho's Institute for the Study of Children is a research center dedicated solely to the study of children's issues. (references) |
Ireland | A National Disability Authority, with an annual budget of $2.6 million (2.2 million Irish pounds) has responsibility for setting disability standards, monitoring the implementation of these standards, and research and the formulation of disability policy. (references) | |
Russia | One study conducted by the Rights of the Child program of the Moscow Research Center for Human Rights found that on graduation at the age of 18 from a state institution for the lightly retarded, 30 percent of orphans became vagrants, 10 percent became involved in crime, and 10 percent committed suicide. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Ghana | Academics are allowed to publish and pursue research. (references) |
Hong Kong | There is independent research, a wide range of opinions, and lively debate on campuses. (references) | |
Kuwait | There is no formal government censorship of university teaching, research, or publication. (references) | |
Economic History | Croatia | Potential investors need to research this legal area carefully. (references) |
Finland | Growth in research expenditures has accelerated in recent years. (references) | |
Guyana | These areas include research, processing, marketing and policy making. (references) | |
Human Rights | Guatemala | Forensic research and DNA testing have identified some of the remains. (references) |
Indonesia | The students were conducting demographic research in Jakarta with the help of the Urban Poor Consortium, a local NGO. (references) | |
Russia | He since has resumed his research and was suing the newspaper Obshchaya Gazeta for slander on its reporting of his case. (references) | |
Minorities | Greece | The research also concluded that the average life expectancy of Roma is below 60 years of age. (references) |
Switzerland | In June the Federal Council granted $2.3 million (4 million Swiss francs) to the National Science Foundation to undertake research on rightwing extremist groups. (references) | |
Political Economy | IRELAND | Ireland is a growing center for biomedical research and the Irish government has identified it as a priority sector for development. (references) |
Trade | West Bank | These funds can also be used for market research, consumer promotions, and technical assistance. (references) |
Poland | Products must receive technical approval, a document issued by designated research and development institutes. (references) | |
France | The AFNOR (Association Française de Normalisation) coordinates work and research relating to standardization in France. (references) | |
Travel | Vietnam | Families with older children wishing to relocate to Vietnam should research the market thoroughly. (references) |
Thailand | Purpose of visit: BUSINESS, CONFERENCE, RESEARCH, TEACHING, MASS MEDIA or MISSIONARY (requiring letter from your government, agency or organization sending you on your mission or from your counterpart in Thailand). (references) | |
Taiwan | Resident Visas are issued to foreign nationals who intend to stay in Taiwan for more than six months for study or research, employment, investment, missionary work, joining family members, or other legitimate reasons. (references) | |
Women | Slovak Republic | One NGO's research showed that 38 to 40 percent of women were victims of domestic violence. (references) |
China | Sociologists note that there has been no detailed research on the extent of physical violence against women. (references) | |
Czech Republic | A 1998 research study conducted by Prague's Sexological Institute indicated that 13 percent of women were raped. (references) | |
Worker Rights | India | A private-sector research and consulting firm conducts the inspections, which cover only 10 percent of registered looms. (references) |
Brazil | The ILO plans to fund research, launch a public awareness campaign, and provide training for government agencies involved in curbing forced labor. (references) | |
Lithuania | Praeities Pedos made an antitrafficking video, which was shown in schools across the country, and carried out several research projects on trafficking in women. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Julie Andrews | Somewhere in the world indeed they are in Boston, at Boston Mass, that wonderful eye-ear infirmary that they have there at the hospital. They are doing phenomenal work. I am helping them spear head it and research it. |
Mary Tyler Moore | I'm Mary Tyler Moore. We at the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation are dedicated to finding a cure. |
Rush Limbaugh | Christopher Reeve is blaming Bush for the fact that he can't walk because he opposes some stem cell research. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John Quincy Adams | 1825-1829 | In inviting the attention of Congress to the subject of internal improvements upon a view thus enlarged it is not my desire to recommend the equipment of an expedition for circumnavigating the globe for purposes of scientific research and inquiry. |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | Provision of technical advice and assistance to business as a whole on production, research, and management problems. |
Dwight Eisenhower | 1953-1961 | Yet, in holding scientific research and discovery in respect, as we should, we must also be alert to the equal and opposite danger that public policy could itself become the captive of a scientific-technological elite. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | Moreover, all our miracles of medical research will count for little if we cannot reverse the growing nationwide shortage of doctors, dentists, and nurses, and the widespread shortages of nursing homes and modern urban hospital facilities. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | We already carry on a large program in this country for research and health. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | The resources of the consultative Group on International Agricultural Research will be doubled over a five-year period. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Now, some say the research would be expensive. |
George Bush | 1989-1993 | It's there for research and development, R and D, a record high. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | More research and treatment for AIDS. |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | Knowledge gained from bioterrorism research will improve public health. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Research" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 98.53% of the time. "Research" is used about 25,268 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 98.53% | 24,897 | 339 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 0.98% | 249 | 18,850 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.41% | 103 | 32,137 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 0.08% | 20 | 78,262 |
| Total | 100.00% | 25,268 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Australia | Genesis Research and Development Corporation Limited | Canada | Dimethaid Research Inc |
| Germany | Value Management & Research AG | Japan | Asia Pacific System Research Co., Ltd. |
| United Kingdom | DRS Data & Research Services plc | USA | Acacia Research Corporation |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "research": a.c. contracted research ♦ academic research ♦ advanced Research Projects Agency ♦ advanced Research Projects Agency Network ♦ Advisory Committee on Research into Minorities ♦ applied research ♦ archaeological research ♦ archeological research ♦ Armament Research Department ♦ atomic research ♦ auxiliary research submarine ♦ basic research ♦ british Telecom Research Laboratories ♦ Clinical Nursing Research ♦ clinical research ♦ Connecticut United for Research Excellence ♦ consortium for Lexical Research ♦ consumer research ♦ contract research ♦ Cooperative Automotive Research Program ♦ coordinating Committee for Intercontinental Research Networks ♦ corporation for Research and Educational Networking ♦ Defence Evaluation and Research Agency ♦ defense Advanced Research Project Agency ♦ defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ♦ Dental Research ♦ digital Research ♦ director of research ♦ empirical research ♦ Epidemiologic Research Design ♦ Epidemiological research ♦ european Academic and Research Network ♦ european Strategic Programme for Research in Information Technology ♦ experimental research ♦ Factory Mutual Research Corporation ♦ field of research ♦ Florida Aquanaut Research Expedition ♦ folklore research ♦ fundamental research ♦ gift for research ♦ Health Services Research ♦ Hedge Fund Research ♦ interagency Interim National Research and Education Network ♦ internet Research Steering Group ♦ internet Research Task Force ♦ Irvine Research Unit in Software ♦ Joint Diabetes Research Foundation International ♦ legal research ♦ library research ♦ market research ♦ marketing research ♦ mit Research Laboratory for Electronics ♦ National Education and Research Network ♦ national Research and Education Network ♦ nuclear research ♦ Nursing Administration Research ♦ Nursing Education Research ♦ Nursing Evaluation Research ♦ Nursing Methodology Research ♦ Nursing Research ♦ observational research ♦ operational research ♦ operations research ♦ outcomes research ♦ painstaking research ♦ Palo Alto Research Center ♦ Palo Alto Research Centre ♦ participatory research ♦ peace research ♦ Pew Research Center ♦ Pharmaceutical Research Associates ♦ piece of research ♦ Pilot Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic ♦ postdoctoral research ♦ product research ♦ protection of persons undergoing research ♦ research and development ♦ research and development in advanced communications technologies in Europe ♦ research and development measure ♦ research and experimentation ♦ research assistant ♦ research assistantship ♦ research center ♦ research centre ♦ research colloquium ♦ Research Design ♦ research director ♦ research effort ♦ research establishment ♦ research facility ♦ research fellow ♦ research fellowship ♦ research findings ♦ research grant ♦ Research in Motion ♦ research institute ♦ research into ♦ research lab ♦ research laboratory ♦ research library ♦ Research octane number. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "research": research-based, research-driven, research-findings, research-funding, research--hence, research-intensive, research-led, research-minded, research-orientated, research-oriented, research-programme, research-publications, research-related, research-scale, research-terms, research--the. | |
Ending with "research": action-research, market-research, Teacher-research. | |
Containing "research": high-research-intensity, market-research-led. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
research | 2,504 | research theater | 241 |
research paper | 1,913 | market research company | 238 |
geophysical letter research | 1,831 | christian research institute | 224 |
market research | 1,489 | national research council | 221 |
company research | 1,236 | career research | 217 |
stem cell research | 848 | research company | 207 |
marketing research | 595 | research design | 199 |
cancer research | 532 | clinical research | 195 |
medical research | 471 | educational research | 192 |
free research papers | 407 | research topic | 192 |
stock research | 392 | car research | 190 |
research report | 365 | write a research paper | 189 |
acoustic research | 356 | magnum research | 184 |
family tree research | 334 | survey research | 175 |
business research | 299 | nursing research | 172 |
legal research | 296 | research in motion | 168 |
genealogy research | 259 | family research council | 163 |
research paper topic | 258 | consumer research | 161 |
qualitative research | 251 | research and development | 157 |
digital research | 244 | ||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "research"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | ondersoek (examination, examine, exploration, explore, investigate, investigation, test), navorsing (examination, exploration, investigation, test). (various references) | |
Albanian | studioj (explore, learn, observe, read, read up, search, study, survey), studimor, studim (learning, prep, project, reconnaissance, search, studies, study, survey, surveying, tirocinium, treatment), kërkim (assertion, exploration, forage, inquiry, investigation, look, plea, pursuit, quest, rummage, scan, search), hulumtim (investigation), gjurmim (investigation, reconnaissance, search). (various references) | |
Arabic | قام ببحث, تفتيش دقيق (shakedown), دراسة (combine harvester, contemplation, etude, memoir, project, schooling, study, survey, treatise), بحث علمي, بحث (brochure, cast about, consideration, discuss, discussion, disquisition, drilling for, examine, exploration, explore, fumble, hunt for, inquest, inquire, inquisition, investigate, investigation, look, look for, looking for, poke about, probe, prospection, pry, pursue, quest, retrieve, rummage, scrounge, scrutinize, search, see, see into, seek, seeking, sought, spy, study, talk over, think through, treatise, try, ventilate). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | търсене (demand, hunting, looking for, market, quest, request, requisition, run, scanning, search, seeking, solicitation), научноизследователски, научно изследване, проучване (examination, exploration, inquiry, inspection, investigation, piece of research, probe, search, study), проучвам (bottom, examine, explore, inspect, investigate, probe, prospect, quarry, read up, scout, see about, see into, sound out, study, survey, turn over, vet), изследване (enquiry, examination, exploration, inquiry, investigation, scan, search, study, survey, test), изследвам (dig, examine, explore, inquire, inquire into, inspect, investigate, probe, prospect, scan, search, study, survey, test), изследователски (disquisitional, inquisitional, investigative, investigatory, probative), дирене (quest, seeking). (various references) | |
Chinese | 研究 . (various references) | |
Czech | zkoumat (examine, explore, investigate, look into, spy, weigh up), zkoumání, vyšetřovat (inquire, investigate, question, sound, try), výzkum (investigation), vìdecká práce, bádat (search after), bádání. (various references) | |
Danish | undersøge (examine, explore, investigate). (various references) | |
Dutch | speurwerk (exploration, investigation, quest, search), speurtocht (exploration, investigation, quest, search), onderzoek (examination, exploration, investigation, test). (various references) | |
Esperanto | esploro (exploration, investigation), esplori (examine, explore, investigate), esplorado (exploration, investigation). (various references) | |
Faeroese | rannsaka (examine, explore, investigate), kanna (accredit, audit, check, check up on, examine, explore, investigate, jug, pitcher, study, supervise, verify). (various references) | |
Farsi | پژوهیدن , پژوهش کردن , پژوهش , کاوش (Dig, Probe, Rummage, Search), تحقیق (Inquiry, Probe, Quest, Rummage, Scholarship, Scrutiny), تتبع , تجسس (Search), جستجو (Disquisition, Hunt, Probe, Prowl, Quest, Rummage, Search). (various references) | |
Finnish | tutkimus (examination, exploration, inquiry, investigation, study, trial), tutkia (examine, explore, investigate, study, test). (various references) | |
French | recherche (researches), rechercher (retrieve). (various references) | |
German | Forschung (investigation, sesearch), forschen (examine, explore, hunt, investigate, probe, search, seek, to hunt, to research, to search), Untersuchung (assay, check, checkup, enquiry, examination, exploration, inquest, inquiry, inquisition, inspection, investigation, probe, probing, prosecution, scrutiny, sounding, study, survey, test, trial, verification), erforschen (ascertain, delve, examine, explore, exploring, investigate, probe, prosecute, require into, researching, study, to explore). (various references) | |
Greek | έρευνα (canvass, disquisition, enquiry, inquiry, investigation, quest, rummage, scanning, search, survey). (various references) | |
Hebrew | חקר (enquiry, examination, survey). (various references) | |
Hungarian | kutatás (disquisition, exploration, investigation, probing, quest, questing, scrutiny, search). (various references) | |
Indonesian | telaah (study), penelitian (survey), penelaahan, menelusuri (go along, investigate, trace), bahas (criticism, investigation, study). (various references) | |
Italian | ricerca (demand, fieldwork, hunting, inquiry, investigation, project, pursuit, quest, search, study). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 講究 , 討究 (investigation, study), 研究 (investigation, study), 研究 (investigation, study), リアルタイム処理 (liaison, Likud, liqueur, liquid, liquor, real politics, real price, real time processing, recall, recital, reclining seat, recommendation, reconstruction, recorder, recover, recovery, recovery shot, recreation, recruit, recruit fashion, recruiter, recurrent, recurrent neural network, recursion, recursive, recycle, recycle shop, recycling, re-engineering, regret, request, resize, rickettsia, Ricoh, rig, Rigel Kentaurus, rigorism, rigorist), 探究 (enquiry, search), 探究 (enquiry, search), 査読 (investigative reading), 攻究 (investigation, study). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | たんきゅう (enquiry, pursuit, quest, search, single-grade), リサーチ , さどく (investigative reading), こうきゅう (consideration, good pitch, hard ball, harem, high class, high grade, high salary, imperial consort, inner palace, investigation, legal holiday, palace, permanent, perpetuity, purchase, reduction in pay, regulation ball, seraglio, study), けんきゅう (investigation, study), とうきゅう (bowling, class, grade, investigation, pitched ball, pitching, study, throwing a ball). (various references) | |
Korean | 연구 (Re-search). (various references) | |
Manx | aaronsey, aaronsaghey (re-examine), aahirrey. (various references) | |
Papiamen | investigá (examine, explore, investigate), aberiguashon (exploration, investigation), aberiguá (examine, explore, investigate). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | esearchray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | pesquisa (exploration, inquiry, quest, rummage, search), pesquisar (comb out, delve, examine, explore, investigate, prospect, rummage, run, study, survey). (various references) | |
Romanian | studiere atentã, investigare (inquiry), explorare (exploration, scan, search work), explora (examine, explore, investigate, scan, seek), cercetare (analysis, control, essay, examen, examination, exploration, hearing, inquiry, inquisition, inspection, investigation, probe, quest, study, test, trial, view), cerceta (analyse, analyze, anatomize, ask, canvass, case, consider, consult, cross-question, delve, dip into, examine, excogiate, explore, inspect, introspect, investigate, look at, look into, look over, look through, overlook, peer, pursue, question, reconnoitre, screen, scrutinize, search, search into, seek, sift, sound, study, survey, test, try, visit), cãutare (call, care, pursuit, quest, recognition, run, search, searching, seeking). (various references) | |
Russian | исследовать (enquire, examine, explore, inquire, inquire into, investigate, look into, question, study), исследовательский (disquisitional, exploratory, investigative, investigatory), исследование (disquisition, examination, exploration, investigation, study, survey, surveys), изучение (scrutiny, study). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | istraživati (enquire, explore, prospect, quest), istraživanje (exploration, exploring, probe), istraživački (explorative, exploratory, heuristic). (various references) | |
Spanish | investigación (finding, going, inquiry, inquisition, investigation, marketing, watch, watching). (various references) | |
Swedish | forskning (investigation, science). (various references) | |
Thai | การวิจัย, วิจัย. (various references) | |
Turkish | incelemek (analyse, analyze, audit, check over, con, construe, dig, dig out, dissect, examine, examine into, go into, investigate, look into, look through, make a study of, observe, peruse, research into, scan, search, study, survey, twig, vet, view), inceleme (analysis, anatomy, checkover, checkup, compendium, dissection, examination, inquisition, investigation, observing, perusal, sifting, study, survey, surveying), etüt (etude, study, study room, study time, survey), araxtirmak (examine, explore, investigate), araxtirma (exploration, investigation), arama çalışmaları yapmak, arama çalışmaları, arama (exploration, hunting, quest, reconnaissance, scouring, search, searching), araştırmak (analyse, analyze, cast about, cast around, check up, dig, dig up, drag up, dredge for, dredge up, explore, ferret, ferret about, fish, fish around, forage, fossick, go into, hunt after, hunt out, hunt up, inquire, inquire into, investigate, make a study of, poke, probe, quarry, quest, rake, research into, root, rout, rummage, search, seek, seek after, seek for, shop, shop for, sound, study, sum up, survey), araştırma yapmak (dredge for, reconnoiter, reconnoitre, rummage about, shop, shop around), araştırma (ascertainment, checkback, checkover, checkup, discourse, disquisition, exploration, explorative, exploratory, inquiries, inquiry, inquisitional, inquisitorial, investigation, investigative, probe, pursuit, quest, review, search, study). (various references) | |
Turkmen | gцzleg. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | ретельні пошуки, досліджувати (analyse, analyze, examine, explore, investigate, look into, prospect, search), дослідження (analysis, disquisition, exploration, exploring, inquiry, inquisition, investigation, reconnaissance, testing). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sự nghiên cứu (consideration, treatment). (various references) | |
Welsh | ymchwil (quest, search). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Old French | 900-1400 | recercher. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "research": researchable, researched, researcher, researchers, researches, researching, researchist, researchists. (additional references) | |
Words containing "research": coresearcher, coresearchers. (additional references) | |
| |
"Research" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: reasearch, Repsearch, resarch, reseach, resear, researche, reserach, reserch, resesarch, reswear, Rokeach. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "research" (pronounced rēser"kh or rē"serkh) |
| 3 | -s er" kh | search. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: reachers, searcher. | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-e-e-h-r-r-s" | |
-1 letter: archers, careers, crasher, creaser, hearers, reacher, reaches, rehears, shearer. | |
-2 letters: archer, arches, career, carers, chares, charrs, chaser, cheers, crease, creesh, eraser, eschar, haeres, hearer, hearse, racers, rasher, rehear, scarer, search, searer, sharer. | |
-3 letters: aches, acres, carer, cares, carrs, carse, cease, ceres, chare, charr, chars, chase, cheer, crash, eches, erase, escar, hares, hears, heres. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-e-e-h-r-r-s" | |
+1 letter: archeries, breachers, horserace, preachers, racehorse, recharges, searchers. | |
+2 letters: chafferers, charterers, chartreuse, chatterers, heresiarch, horseraces, overarches, racehorses, rebranches, rechargers, recharters, reproaches, repurchase, researched, researcher, researches. | |
+3 letters: abhorrences, carragheens, charioteers, chartreuses, encroachers, forereaches, hackberries, heresiarchs, hierarchies, orchestrate, overcharges, overreaches, prepurchase, reproachers, repurchased, repurchases, researchers, researching, researchist, schwarmerei, supercharge, tetrarchies, treacheries, treacherous. | |
+4 letters: archenterons, archerfishes, benchwarmers, cartwheelers, characteries, charcuteries, cheerleaders, chinaberries, coresearcher, furtherances, hierarchizes, hypercharges, hypersurface, merchandiser, orchestrated, orchestrater, orchestrates, overreachers, perchlorates, predischarge, prepurchased, prepurchases, researchable, researchists, scenographer, schwarmereis, sharecropped, sharecropper, shellcracker, supercharged, supercharger, supercharges, torchbearers, trierarchies, undercharges. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Fiction 11. Quotations: Non-fiction 12. Quotations: Spoken | 13. Quotations: Speeches 14. Usage Frequency 15. Names: Company Usage 16. Expressions | 17. Expressions: Internet 18. Translations: Modern 19. Translations: Ancient 20. Abbreviations | 21. Acronyms 22. Derivations 23. Rhymes 24. Anagrams | 25. Bibliography |
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