Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Date "REFORMING" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1350. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Chemical Industry | The thermal or catalytic processing of light or medium oils to increase their content of aromatics. Source: European Union. (references) |
Building & Civil Engineering | Correction of the profile of a bituminous road surfacing by heating, scarifying, correcting the shape and recompacting without removal of material or the addition of a new mix. Source: European Union. (references) |
Chemical Industry | Operation by which the antiknock quality of gasoline can be improved through a thermal or catalytic change in the molecular structure of the compounds. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A process(cyclization, aromatization, etc. )whereby light petroleum fractions are treated to yield gasoline having essentially a higher aromatics content and hence a higher octane rating than the feedstock. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Crosswords: REFORMING |
| English words defined with "REFORMING": Brahmo-somaj. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "REFORMING": Armaments Review ♦ EXPERIMENTAL-ROCKET-SLED MECHANIC ♦ Packet Assembler/Disassembler ♦ STAYS, Still gas, Synthetic natural gas. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "REFORMING" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses. Portuguese (reforming). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Clever | Nothing so needs reforming as other people's habits. (references; author: Mark Twain) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | While we are reforming the movies. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | The Reforming constable, or, The biter bit / Capt H---invt ; Cap B-- Sculp. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | A petitioning, remonstrating, reforming, republican / R.S. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Samuel Taylor Coleridge | Every reform, however necessary, will by weak minds be carried to an excess, which will itself need reforming. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | France is reforming management of its national health program, examining its health expenditures, and reviewing hospital and clinic structures. (references) | |
Though calls for reforming the electricity industry began during the previous president's administration, it is the current government that seeks to accelerate the implementation of privatizing and restructuring KEPCO. (references) | ||
These refineries are equipped with facilities for catalytic cracking, catalytic reforming and hydro processing of the distilled fractions and also with lagged carbon-producing facilities for processing short residuum (except for Arpechim). (references) | ||
Children | Macedonia | New legislation addressing shortfalls in the juvenile justice system and reforming existing law to meet international standards was put forward for Government review in December. (references) |
Civil Liberties | Croatia | In February the Government passed legislation reforming government-owned Croatian radio and television (HRT). The law modified the subscription fee structure and reformed the HRT council, so that members are nominated by various professional associations based on merit rather than political affiliation. (references) |
Economic History | Belgium | Moreover, the cabinet has issued a blueprint for reforming the armed forces. (references) |
Human Rights | South Africa | This is part of a process of reforming the system of justice delivery. (references) |
Yemen | In April the al-Afif Young Girls Forum organized a seminar to discuss legal and cultural obstacles to reforming women's prisons. (references) | |
Jordan | The mandate of the Commission is to present recommendations on reforming current laws and practices to King Abdullah and to institutionalize human rights in the country. (references) | |
Political Economy | COLOMBIA | During 2000, the Colombian government submitted to Congress a bill reforming Law 80. (references) |
Romania | While some progress was made in reforming the police, cases of inhuman and degrading treatment continued to be reported. (references) | |
Philippines | Although the Government made some efforts, it generally was ineffective in reforming law enforcement and legal institutions. (references) | |
Trade | China | China is reforming its tax system to minimize distinctions between domestic and foreign entities according to the WTO principle of national treatment. (references) |
Guyana | This long-awaited reorganization began in earnest in January 2000. However, the new organization's influence in reforming Guyana's customs systems remains to be seen. (references) | |
Thailand | The new regulations have alleviated many valuation problems, although some importers complain of uneven implementation, particularly in the area of intra-company transfers, discounted goods, and promotional items . Progress has been made in reforming payment procedures and broker licensing, but the process continues to be hampered by considerable paperwork and formalities and lack of coordination between customs and other import regulating agencies . Wider computerization is expected to improve efficiency . (references) | |
Women | Egypt | A number of active women's rights groups work in diverse areas, including reforming family law, educating women on their legal rights, promoting literacy, and combating FGM. (references) |
Worker Rights | Mexico | Employer organizations slowed efforts to push for labor law reform early in 1999 and entered into ongoing discussions with the Government and labor unions about reforming the LFT's rules of procedure. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | Again, I wish my successor, working with a substantial majority of his own party, the best of success in reforming the costly and cumbersome machinery of the Federal Government. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | We are reforming the civil service system, so that we can recognize and reward those who do a good job and correct or remove those who do not. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | So this year, we will make history by reforming the health care system. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "REFORMING" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 69.61% of the time. "REFORMING" is used about 204 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 69.61% | 142 | 26,554 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 28.43% | 58 | 44,427 |
| Noun (singular) | 1.47% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.49% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 204 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "REFORMING": fast-reforming, self-reforming, tax-reforming. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
reforming | 9 |
catalytic reforming | 7 |
reforming steam | 3 |
exchanger kellogg reforming system | 3 |
economy ed hewett reforming soviet | 3 |
group reforming state | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "REFORMING"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | reforming, genprofilering. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | reforming. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | reformage. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Reformingverfahren, reformierisch, Reformieren (reform), reformatorisch, Rückformen ohne Zugabe von Mischgut. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | ανασχηματισμός (reshuffle), αναμόρφωσις, αναμόρφωση (anamorphosis, reclamation, reform, reformation, rehabilitation, uplift), θερμική αναμόρφωση ασφάλτου οδοστρώματος. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | פרום (cracking). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | reformálás, benzin hőbontása. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | reforming. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | eformingray reforming, reformagem, reformação (reformation). (various references) reformator (reformative, reformatory, reformer, reorganizer). (various references) reformado (improved, reformed). (various references) remixing. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words ending with "REFORMING": preforming. (additional references) | |
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"REFORMING" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: peforming, preforming, reboring, reflooring, Reformi, reformings, reformyng, refronting. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "REFORMING" (pronounced rufô"rming) |
| 6 | -f ô" r m i ng | conforming, forming, informing, misinforming, nonperforming, performing, transforming. |
| 5 | -ô" r m i ng | storming, swarming, warming. |
| 4 | -r m i ng | alarming, arming, barnstorming, brainstorming, charming, disarming, farming, harming, heartwarming, outperforming, rearming. |
| 3 | -m i ng | acclaiming, affirming, aiming, assuming, beaming, becoming, blaming, blooming, blossoming, bombing, booming, bottoming, brimming, calming, claiming, climbing, combing, coming, condemning, confirming, consuming, cramming, damming, damning, daydreaming, deprogramming, diagraming, dimming, disclaiming, dooming, dreaming, drumming, dumbing, embalming, exclaiming, filming, firebombing, firming, flaming, foaming, forthcoming, framing, fuming, gaming, gleaming, gloaming, grooming, helming, hemming, homecoming, homing, humming, incoming, inflaming, jamming, lambing, lemming, liming, looming, maiming, mainstreaming, mushrooming, naming, numbing, oncoming, overcoming, overwhelming, plumbing, presuming, priming, proclaiming, programing, programming, ramming, reaffirming, reclaiming, redeeming, renaming, reprogramming, resuming, rhyming, roaming, rooming, scheming, screaming, seeming, shaming, shortcoming, skimming, slamming, slimming, squirming, steaming, stemming, streaming, strumming, succumbing, summing, swimming, taming, teaming, teeming, terming, thumbing, timing, trimming, unassuming, unbecoming, upcoming, vacuuming, welcoming, zooming. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "e-f-g-i-m-n-o-r-r" | |
-1 letter: informer, reinform, reniform. | |
-2 letters: fermion, foreign, forming, frogmen, ignorer. | |
-3 letters: eringo, erring, finger, firmer, forger, former, fringe, gorier, ignore, inform, ironer, merino, monger, morgen, reform, region, ringer. | |
-4 letters: enorm, feign, fermi, finer, firer, fogie, forge, forme, frier, frore, genom, genro, giron, gnome, gofer, gonef, goner, gonif, grief, grime, groin, infer, irone, miner, minor, moire. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-f-g-i-m-n-o-r-r" | |
+1 letter: forearming, performing, preforming. | |
+2 letters: reinforming. | |
+3 letters: reconfirming, reformatting, terraforming. | |
+4 letters: ferromagnetic, interferogram, nonperforming, outperforming, overinforming, preformatting, reformulating, thermoforming. | |
+5 letters: electroforming, ferromagnesian, ferromagnetism, interferograms, preformulating, retransforming, transmogrified, transmogrifies. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)52 45 46 4F 52 4D 49 4E 47 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).-. . ..-. --- .-. -- .. -. --. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010010 01000101 01000110 01001111 01010010 01001101 01001001 01001110 01000111 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)R E F O R M I N G |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0052 0045 0046 004F 0052 004D 0049 004E 0047 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)523940495247434841 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Photo Album 6. Quotations: Familiar 7. Quotations: Non-fiction 8. Quotations: Speeches | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Derivations 14. Rhymes 15. Anagrams 16. Orthography | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
