Refinery

Definition: Refinery

Refinery

Noun

1. An industrial plant for purifying a crude substance.

Date "refinery" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1776. (references)

Specialty Definitions: Refinery

Domain	Definitions
Energy	A facility that separates crude oil intovaried oil products. The refinery uses progressive temperature changes to separateby vaporizing the chemical components of crude oil that have different boilingpoints. These are distilled into usable products such as gasoline, fuel oil, lubricantsand kerosene. (references)
Metallurgy	Establishment producing alloys of determined composition, for foundry use, by remelting old metals, generally non-ferrous. Source: European Union. (references)
Mining	A. A facility in which relatively crude smelter products such as blister copper are refined and emerge as acceptably pure products.b. An electrolytic or chemical facility producing pure metals. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Refinery

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A refinery is a building and/or the equipment used for refining or processing specific products.

Examples include:

Oil refinery
Sugar refinery

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Refinery."

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Synonyms within Context: Refinery

Context	Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).
Calefaction	Still; refinery; fractionating column, fractionating tower, cracking tower.
Workshop	Hive, hive of industry; nursery; hothouse, hotbed; kitchen; mint, forge, loom; dock, dockyard; alveary; armory; laboratory, lab, research institute; refinery; cannery; power plant; beauty parlor;beehive, bindery, forcing pit, nailery, usine, slip, yard, wharf; foundry, foundery; furnace; vineyard.
Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Refinery

English words defined with "refinery": oil refinery ♦ petroleum refinery ♦ Refineries ♦ sugar refinery. (references)

Specialty definitions using "refinery": Aviation gasoline ♦ BARREL FILLER, battery limits ♦ CATALYTIC CRACKING, CONSTRUCTION-AND-MAINTENANCE INSPECTOR, control board operator, sugar refining, CRUDE-OIL TREATER ♦ dehydrator operator, DUST COLLECTOR, ORE CRUSHING ♦ ethanolamine treating ♦ fire-refined copper, FURNACE OPERATOR ♦ gang boss, gang pusher ♦ Kerogen ♦ laboratory sampler, loading supervisor, Loan forfeiture level, sugar ♦ Motor gasoline ♦ OIL-RECOVERY-UNIT OPERATOR ♦ petroleum chemical, Pipeline Facility, process pumper, production operator, pump operator ♦ reactive silica, recovered sulfur, REFINERY OPERATOR ♦ salvage repairer, SALVAGER HELPER, Sperry process, Still gas, STILL-PUMP OPERATOR, SUPERVISOR, LEAD REFINERY, SUPERVISOR, MAINTENANCE, SUPERVISOR, SPECIALTY PLANT, SUPERVISOR, SUGAR REFINERY, SUPERVISOR, TOWER ♦ TANK-CAR INSPECTOR ♦ Unfinished oils ♦ valve repairer, reclamation. (references)

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Modern Usage: Refinery

Domain	Usage
Lyrics	Come back home to the refinery ("Born in the U.S.A."; performing artist: Bruce Springsteen)
Movie/TV Titles	Lard Refinery (1901)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Refinery

Domain	Title
References	Attock Refinery Limited: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference) Inchon Oil Refinery Company Limited: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference) Petroleum Refinery Equipment in India: A Strategic Entry Report, 2000 (reference) Market for Oil Refinery Equipment in Poland: A Strategic Entry Report, 1996 (reference) (more reference examples)

Books	MANGALORE REFINERY & PETROCHEMICALS LTD: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis [DOWNLOAD: ADOBE READER] (reference) Petroleum Refinery Distillation (reference) Petroleum Refinery Equipment in India: A Strategic Entry Report, 2000 [DOWNLOAD: ADOBE READER] (reference) Pressure Safety Design Practices for Refinery and Chemical Operations (reference) Refinery Process Modeling (reference) (more book examples)

Periodicals	Sales Of Natural Gas Liquids & Liquefied Refinery Gases (reference) Us Refinery Gasoline Grade Sales (reference) Refinery Inspection And Maintenance - Cd Rom (reference) (more periodical examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: Refinery

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Photo Album: Refinery

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Grinding and pressing crude spermaceti for removal of taut-pressed oil. Interior view of oil refinery. Filling bottles with sperm oil. In: "Aquatic Products in Arts and Industries" by Charles H. Stevenson. Report of the Commissioner for the Year Ending June 30, 1902. P. 200, Plate 14.Credit: Fisheries.		Fluid catalytic unit under construction in 1949 at the Bayway refinery of the Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey, in Linden, N.J.Credit: Library of Congress.
	Cotapaxi Copper Mine, Macuchi, Ecuador. Children playing at the Escuela Macuchi under direction of teacher, Gustav Navas ... smoke in the background is from the mine chimney which takes smoke from the refinery far above the town.Credit: Library of Congress.		Veteran oil man, onetime superintendent of refinery, Saint Louis, Oklahoma.Credit: Library of Congress.
	These are the solution and vacuum towers of the Quaker State Refinery, at Oil City, Pennsylvania. This refinery is working at full capacity to assure our military forces of ample supplies for the high-grade lubricants needed to operate ships, guns, tanks,.Credit: Library of Congress.		Employees at Mid-Continent Refinery, Tulsa, Okla.Credit: Library of Congress.
	De-waxing plant at Mid-Continent refinery, Tulsa, Okla.Credit: Library of Congress.		Wood River Refinery.Credit: Library of Congress.
	Sugar Creek refinery.Credit: Library of Congress.		Chalmette Refinery, American Sugar Refining Company, New Orleans, La.Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Refinery

Subject	Topic	Quote
Business		Petromidia is the most modern Romanian refinery. (references)
		Eleven IOCs expressed their interest in investing in gas development and oil refinery projects. (references)
		Hindustan Petroleum Corporation and Saudi Aramco plan to develop a 6 million-ton refinery in Punjab. (references)
Economic History	Brunei Darussalam	It also operates the country's only refinery. (references)
	Cote D'ivoire	Supplies include mostly crude oil to C�te d'Ivoire's refinery. (references)
	Kyrgyzstan	There are plans to construct a petroleum refinery in Kyrgyzstan. (references)
Political Economy	Eq. Guinea	Cameroon exports some food products to Equatorial Guinea and imports oil from Equatorial Guinea for its refinery at nearby Limbe. (references)
	GHANA	To stem the accumulation of debts by the utilities and the oil refinery, the government took a bold step by significantly increasing fuel, water, and energy tariffs. (references)
	Gabon	The State dominates much of the economy through telecommunications, timber export, and oil refinery parastatals; however, the production of wood, oil, and minerals largely was private, and the water, electric, railroad, and sugar parastatals have been privatized. (references)
Trade	West Bank	TDA has financed feasibility studies for a food-processing facility, a West Bank olive oil production facility, and a petroleum refinery in Gaza. (references)
	Yemen	In April 2001, TDA signed an agreement to finance a study for the upgrade of Yemen's electricity grid and in May 2001 signed an agreement to finance the feasibility study for the expansion of the Marib Oil Refinery. (references)
	Uzbekistan	The U.S. Export Import Bank (ExIm) has provided a total of over $1 billion in credits for U.S. exports to Uzbekistan of aircraft and agricultural equipment, as well as the U.S. components of a battery factory, refinery, gas compressor station, and other major projects. (references)
Travel	Uk	During the fall of 2000, fuel refinery blockades by the transport industry caused fuel shortages that curtailed emergency services and public transport (including airlines), and slowed or halted distribution of food and other vital commodities. (references)
Worker Rights	Kuwait	At the Ahmadi Port refinery, work continued in intense heat despite the collapse of three workers. (references)
	Kuwait	Refinery shift supervisors reportedly asked for postponement of outdoor activities until the evening, but management refused their request. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Refinery

"Refinery" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 98.78% of the time. "Refinery" is used about 164 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Noun (singular)	98.78%	162	24,580
Noun (proper)	0.61%	1	339,140
Noun (common)	0.61%	1	339,140
Total	100.00%	164	N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Usage in Company Names: Refinery

Country	Name	Country	Name
Pakistan	Attock Refinery Limited	South Korea	Inchon Oil Refinery Company Limited
	(more examples...)

Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.

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Expression: Refinery

Expressions using "refinery": oil refinery ♦ petroleum refinery ♦ refinery industry ♦ sugar refinery. Additional references.
Hypenated Usage
	Ending with "refinery": sugar-refinery.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Refinery

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Expression	Frequency per Day
refinery	154
oil refinery	67
fire refinery	54
orion refinery	13
refinery job	12
refinery valero	11
sugar refinery	9
aruba refinery	8
murphy oil refinery	8
dance refinery	8
gold refinery	8
fire louisiana refinery	8
refinery texas	7
koch refinery	7
chalmette refinery	7
petroleum refinery	7
fire oil refinery	6
process refinery	6
fire murphy oil refinery	6
refinery shell	6
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Refinery

Language		Translations for "refinery"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Albanian		rafinieri. (various references)

Arabic		‏معمل تكرير, ‏مصفاة (colander, filter, strainer). (various references)

Bulgarian		рафинерия, нефтена рафинерия. (various references)

Chinese		精炼厂 (Refineries). (various references)

Czech		rafinerie. (various references)

Danish		raffinaderi (refining plant), metalvaerk (secondary smelter). (various references)

Dutch		raffinaderij (refining plant). (various references)

Esperanto		rafinejo. (various references)

Farsi		پالایشگاه , تصفیه خانه . (various references)

Finnish		uudelleensulatuslaitos (bloomery, secondary smelter), sulatto (bloomery, secondary smelter, smeltery, smelting house, smelting works), metallisulatto (bloomery, secondary smelter), jalostamo (refining plant), öljynjalostamo (refining plant). (various references)

French		raffinerie (refining plant), affinerie. (various references)

German		Raffinerie (refining plant). (various references)

Greek		διυλιστήριο (filter, refining plant). (various references)

Hebrew		מזקק�" (distillery, still), בית זקוק (distillery). (various references)

Hungarian		finomító (refiner), cukorfinomító gyár, ásványolaj finomító. (various references)

Italian		raffineria (refineries). (various references)

Japanese Kanji		精錬所 (smelting works). (various references)

Japanese Katakana		せいれ�"しょ (smelting works), せいれ�"じょ (smelting works). (various references)

Korean		� �� 소 (Refineries). (various references)

Manx		thie sheeley, sheelane (drainer board, percolator, strainer), aaghlenneyder (purist, refiner). (various references)

Pig Latin		efineryray

Portuguese		refinaria (distinct, refining plant). (various references)

Romanian		rafinãrie. (various references)

Russian		очистительный завод (filtration plant). (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		rafinerija. (various references)

Spanish		refinería (refining plant, saltworks). (various references)

Swedish		raffinaderi (refining plant). (various references)

Turkish		rafineri, kal ocağı (refining furnace), arıtma yeri. (various references)

Ukranian		нафтоочисний завод. (various references)

Vietnamese		nh� máy lọc. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Misspellings: Refinery

Misspellings
	"Refinery" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: effiency, raffiner, raffinery, refixer, reiner, Reinerio, reiney. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Refinery"

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "refinery" (pronounced rufī"nerē)
5	-f ī" n er ē	finery.
4	-ī" n er ē	binary, winery.
3	-n er ē	cannery, chicanery, fernery, greenery, gunnery, joinery, machinery, nunnery, ornery, plenary, scenery.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Refinery

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "e-e-f-i-n-r-r-y"
	-1 letter: fernery, fernier, refiner.
	-2 letters: ferine, finery, refine, refire.
	-3 letters: eyrie, eyrir, ferny, ferry, feyer, fiery, finer, firer, firry, freer, frere, frier, fryer, infer, reefy, refer, refry, reify, rifer.
	-4 letters: eery, erne, eyen, eyer, eyne, eyre, fere, fern, fine, fire, firn, free, neif, reef, reif, rein, rife, yirr.
	-5 letters: ere, ern, err, eye, fee, fen, fer, fey, fie, fin, fir, fry, ire, nee, ree, ref, rei, rif, rin, rye, yen, yin.
	Words containing the letters "e-e-f-i-n-r-r-y"
	+3 letters: reverifying.
	+4 letters: ferricyanide, ferrocyanide, recertifying, refreshingly.
	+5 letters: ferricyanides, ferrocyanides, precertifying, referentially.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.