Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Redness

Definitions: Redness

Redness

Noun

1. A response of body tissues to injury or irritation; characterized by pain and swelling and redness and heat.

2. The quality or state of the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "redness" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references)



Synonyms: Redness

Synonyms: inflammation (n), red (n), rubor (n). (additional references)

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Crosswords: Redness

English words defined with "redness": blepharitis, brandy nosecellulitis, copper noseErubescency, erythema, erythema solare, Erythematic, Erythrism, Erythrochroism, erythrodermafirst-degree burnGrog blossomhammer nose, hypertrophic rosaceaimpetigo, inflammationPink eye, potato nosered clay, rhinophyma, Rode, rubefacient, Rubescent, rubor, Rubricity, Rud, rum nose, rum-blossomsunburntoper's nosewindburn. (references)
Specialty definitions using "redness": bulb fingersConjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic, crocodile handerythematous eruption, Erythromelalgiafingertip fissured dermatitisGingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerativeinflammatory breast cancerkeratitis superficialis punctatalow red-heatNSAIDsshoot borer, skin erythema, spinner's eye, spinners'eyetelangiectasia, tulip eczema, tulip fingerWindsyellow sugarcane borer. (references)
Etymologies containing "redness": Rubedinous. (references)

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Commercial Usage: Redness

DomainTitle

Books

  • Redness : February, 1995 = Czerwien : Muzeum Sztuki, odz, luty (reference)

  • The Heart of Redness (reference)

    (more book examples)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Use in Literature: Redness

TitleAuthorQuote

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

The planet, in fact, was at that moment very near the horizon and was crossing a dense bed of mist which gave it a horrid redness.

Grapes of Wrath

Steinbeck, John

A redness grew up out of the eastern horizon, and on the ground birds began to chirp, sharply.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Redness

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

Redness or itching of the vagina are not common symptoms of bacterial vaginosis. (references)

Symptoms include severe pain and nausea as well as redness of the eye and blurred vision. (references)

Be sure to let your doctor know if you have redness, pain, or changes around the cuticles. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Redness

"Redness" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Redness" is used about 99 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Noun (singular)100%9932,870

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Redness

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

facial redness

47

eye redness

30

redness

22

skin redness

19

redness scalp

18

face redness

12

acne redness

10

penis redness

10

redness sore tender

7

redness treatment

6

vaginal redness

6

eye in redness

5

eyes in redness

4

redness scar

3

around eyes redness

3

face in redness

3

redness toe

3

breast redness

3

eyes redness

2

palm redness

2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Redness

Language Translations for "redness"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Albanian

  

skuqje (color, colour, flush, glow, incandescence, reddening). (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏حمرة (ruddiness), ‏التورد (flushness, rosarium), ‏إنفعال (delirium, dither, effervescence, emotion, excitement, flurry, furor, impression, passivity, poignancy, temper, thrill, tizzy), ‏إحمرار (ruddiness). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

руменина (blush, color, colour, flush, glow, high color, suffusion), червенина (blush, flushing). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

赤红. (various references)

   

Czech

  

ryšavost, rudost (ruddiness), èervenost (ruddiness), èerveò (red). (various references)

   

Danish

  

rødme. (various references)

   

Dutch

  

roodheid. (various references)

   

French

  

rougeur. (various references)

   

German

  

röte (blush, blushing, glow, red, rubicundity, ruddiness). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

κοκκίνισμα, ερυθρότησ (ruddiness), ερυθρότητα (ruddiness). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

או"ם (carneol, flush), א"מומית (flush), א"מות, א"ימות, סומק (blush, rouge). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

vörösség (red). (various references)

   

Italian

  

rossore (blush, blushing, crimson, erythema pudicitiae, flush, rubicundity, ruddiness). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

. (various references)

   

Manx

  

ruyid (brownness, reddishness, tan), jirgid (blush, glow, ruddiness), jiargid (grossness, reddishness). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

ednessray

   

Portuguese

  

rubor (blush, blushing, color, colour, flush, glow, rose, ruddiness, suffusion). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

roşealã, roşeaţã (color, colour, glow, pinkness), culoare roşie. (various references)

   

Russian 

  

краснота (ruddiness). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

riđost, crvenilo (ruddiness). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

rojez (blotch), lo encarnado, enrojecimiento, color rojo (giddiness, red, red heat). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

rodnad (ruddiness). (various references)

   

Turkish

  

kırmızılık (flush, ruddiness), allık (blusher, rouge). (various references)

   

Ukranian 

  

почервоніння (ruddiness). (various references)

   

Vietnamese 

  

m u đỏ m u đỏ hoe. (various references)

   

Welsh

  

cochi (blush, redden), cochder. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Bible Trace: Redness

LanguageDateSourceProverbs Chapter 23, Verse 29
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintTini ouai tini qoruboV tini krisiV tini ahdiai kai lescai tini suntrimmata dia kenhV tinoV peleioi oi ofqalmoi
Latin405VulgateCui vae cuius patri vae cui rixae cui foveae cui sine causa vulnera cui suffusio oculorum
Middle English1395WyclifTo whom wo? to whos fader wo? to whom strif? to whom dichis? to whom withoute cause woundis? to whom `thristing out of eyen?
Jacobean English1611King JamesWho hath woe? who hath sorrow? who hath contentions? who hath babbling? who hath wounds without cause? who hath redness of eyes?
Victorian English1833WebsterWho hath woe? who hath sorrow? who hath contentions? who hath babbling? who hath wounds without cause? who hath redness of eyes?
Basic English1964OgdenWho says, Oh! who says, Ah! who has violent arguments, who has grief, who has wounds without cause, whose eyes are dark?

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Matched Bible Translations: Redness

LanguageProverbs Chapter 23, Verse 29
BulgarianКому горко? кому скръб? кому каране? Кому оплакване? кому удари без причина? Кому подпухнали очи? -
Cebuano¶ Kinsa man ang may kasakit? kinsa man ang may kasubo? kinsa man ang may panagkabingkil? Kinsa man ang may pagbagulbol? kinsa man ang may mga samad sa walay gipasikaran? Kinsa man ang may kapula sa mga mata?
Chinese誰 有 禍 患 、 誰 有 憂 愁 、 誰 有 爭 鬥 、 誰 有 " 歎 、 " 或 作 怨 言 〕 誰 無 故 受 傷 、 誰 眼 目 紅 赤 、
CroatianKomu: ah? komu: jao? komu: svaðe? komu: uzdasi? komu: rane nizašto? komu: zamuæene oèi?
DanishHvem har Ak, og hvem har Ve, hvem har Kiv, og hvem har Klage? Hvem har Sår uden Grund, hvem har sløve Øjne?
DutchBij wien is wee? bij wien och arme? bij wien gekijf? bij wien het beklag? bij wien wonden zonder oorzaak? bij wien de roodheid der ogen?
FinnishKenellä on voivotus, kenellä vaikerrus? Kenellä torat, kenellä valitus? Kenellä haavat ilman syytä? Kenellä sameat silmät?
FrenchPour qui les ah? pour qui les hélas? Pour qui les disputes? pour qui les plaintes? Pour qui les blessures sans raison? pour qui les yeux rouges?
GermanWo ist Weh? wo ist Leid? wo ist Zank? wo ist Klagen? wo sind Wunden ohne Ursache? wo sind trübe Augen?
Haitian Creole¶ Ki moun ki nan tèt chaje, ki nan lapenn? Ki moun ki toujou nan kont, ki tou tan ap plenyen? Ki moun k'ap pran kou san rezon, ki gen je yo tou wouj?
HungarianKinek jaj? kinek oh jaj? kinek versengések? kinek panasz? kinek ok nélkül való sebek? kinek szemeknek veressége?
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hariTahukah engkau apa yang terjadi pada orang yang minum anggur terlalu banyak, dan sering mengecap minuman keras? Orang itu sengsara dan menderita. Ia selalu bertengkar dan mengeluh. Matanya merah dan badannya luka-luka, padahal semuanya itu dapat dihindarinya.
Indonesian-Terjemahan LamaPada siapa gerangan adalah pengaduh? pada siapa adalah keluh kesah? pada siapa adalah perkelahian? pada siapa adalah pergaduhan? pada siapa adalah luka dengan tiada semena-mena? pada siapa adalah bilis mata?
ItalianPer chi i guai? Per chi i lamenti? Per chi i litigi? Per chi i gemiti? A chi le percosse per futili motivi? A chi gli occhi rossi?
Korean재 앙 이 뉘 게 있 느 뇨 근 심 이 뉘 게 있 느 뇨 분 쟁 이 뉘 게 있 느 뇨 원 망 이 뉘 게 있 느 뇨 까 닭 없 " 창 상 이 뉘 게 있 느 뇨 붉 은 눈 이 뉘 게 있 느 뇨
Maori¶ Ko wai e aue? Ko wai e tangi? Ko wai e totohe? Ko wai e ngangautia? Ko wai e maru, he mea takekore? Ko wai e whero tonu ona kanohi?
NorwegianHvem roper: Akk? Hvem roper: Ve? Hvem har trette? Hvem har klage? Hvem har sår for ingen ting? Hvem har røde øine?
PortuguesePara quem são os ais? para quem os pesares? para quem as pelejas, para quem as queixas? para quem as feridas sem causa? e para quem os olhos vermelhos?   
RumanianAle cui sknt vaietele? Ale cui sknt oftqrile? Ale cui sknt neknyelegerile? Ale cui sknt plkngerile? Ale cui sknt rqnirile fqrq pricinq? Ai cui sknt ochii rowi?
Russianх ЛПЗП ЧПК? Х ЛПЗП УФПО? Х ЛПЗП УУПТЩ? Х ЛПЗП ЗПТЕ? Х ЛПЗП ТБОЩ 'ЕЪ ТЙЮЙОЩ? Х ЛПЗП 'БЗТПЧЩЕ ЗМБЪБ?
Spanish¿Para quién será el ay? ¿Para quién será el dolor? ¿Para quién serán las rencillas? ¿Para quién los quejidos? ¿Para quién las heridas gratuitas? ¿Para quién lo enrojecido de los ojos?
SwedishVar är ve, var är jämmer? Var äro trätor, var är klagan? Var äro sår utan sak? Var äro ögon höljda i dunkel?
Thaiใครที่ร้องโอย ใครที่ร้องอุย ใครที่มีการวิวาท ใครที่มีการร้องคราง ใครที่มีบา"แผลปราศจากเหตุ ใครที่มีตาแ"ง
Ukrainian¶ ' кого ой, в кого ай, в кого сварки, в кого клопіт, в кого рани даремні, в кого очі червоні?

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Redness

Derivations

Words beginning with "redness": rednesses. (additional references)

Words ending with "redness": assuredness, bewilderedness, centeredness, disorderedness, preparedness, retiredness, sacredness, tiredness, unpreparedness. (additional references)

Words containing "redness": assurednesses, bewilderednesses, centerednesses, disorderednesses, preparednesses, retirednesses, sacrednesses, tirednesses, unpreparednesses. (additional references)


Misspellings

"Redness" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: radens, readness, reddness, Redners, rednose, rendez, Ryenses. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Redness"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "redness" (pronounced re"dnus)
4-d n u sawkwardness, backwardness, badness, baldness, blandness, blindness, boldness, coldness, crookedness, farsightedness, fondness, goodness, handedness, hardness, indebtedness, kindness, madness, mindedness, nearsightedness, preparedness, rudeness, sacredness, sadness, shortsightedness, shrewdness, soundness, spiritedness, tiredness, vividness, weirdness, wickedness, wildness.
3-n u sabruptness, absoluteness, acuteness, aggressiveness, agribusiness, airworthiness, alertness, aloofness, alumnus, Anas, androgynous, anise, appropriateness, arbitrariness, assertiveness, astuteness, asynchronous, attentiveness, attractiveness, awareness, awfulness, bagginess, bearishness, bigness, bitterness, bituminous, blackness, bleakness, bluntness, bonus, boorishness, brashness, brightness, bullishness, business, callousness, calmness, carelessness, casualness, cautiousness, cavernous, cheapness, chitinous, cleanliness, cleanness, cleverness, closeness, cloudiness, clumsiness, cockiness, cohesiveness, Colonus, combativeness, compactness, competitiveness, completeness, consciousness, contagiousness, contentiousness, contrariness, Conus, coolness, correctness, coziness, craziness, creativeness, creditworthiness, creepiness, crispness, cuteness, dampness, darkness, Deaconess, deadliness, deafness, decisiveness, defensiveness, destructiveness, directness, disingenuousness, distinctiveness, divisiveness, dizziness, dreariness, drowsiness, drunkenness, dryness, dullness, eagerness, earnestness, edginess, effectiveness, elusiveness, emptiness, evenness, exogenous, eyewitness, faintness, fairness, fastness, fickleness, firmness, fitness, flatness, foolishness, forcefulness, forgiveness, forthrightness, foulness, fractiousness, frankness, freshness, friendliness, frothiness, fullness, funniness, furnace, gauntness, gayness, gelatinous, gentleness, genuineness, genus, ghastliness, gluttonous, governess, graciousness, greatness, greenness, grimness, hairiness, happiness, harmfulness, harness, harshness, heinous, helplessness, highness, hoarseness, holiness, homelessness, homesickness, homogenous, hopefulness, hopelessness, humanness, idleness, illness, inclusiveness, indecisiveness, indigenous, ineffectiveness, ineptness, inertness, intravenous, intrusiveness, inventiveness, joblessness, Johannes, larcenous, largeness, lateness, lawlessness, laziness, lenis, lightfastness, lightness, likeness, liveliness, loneliness, lousiness, luminous, Manus, meanness, membranous, menace, Minas, minus, monotonous, mountainous, mutinous, narrowness, nastiness, neatness, nervousness, newness, niceness, niggardliness, nitrogenous, nonbusiness, nonpoisonous, nosiness, nothingness, numbness, ominous, oneness, onus, openness, orderliness, otherness, outrageousness, outspokenness, pandanus, peacefulness, penis, permissiveness, persuasiveness, pervasiveness, pettiness, playfulness, poisonous, politeness, polygynous, pompousness, possessiveness, powerlessness, queasiness, quickness, quietness, raciness, randomness, rareness, ravenous, rawness, readiness, reasonableness, rebelliousness, recklessness, remoteness, resistiveness, resourcefulness, responsiveness, restiveness, restlessness, restrictiveness, richness, righteousness, rightness, riskiness, robustness, roominess, roughness, rowdiness, ruinous, ruthlessness, Salinas, sameness, scantiness, secretiveness, selfishness, selflessness, sensitiveness, separateness, seriousness, shakiness, shallowness, sharpness, shortness, shyness, sickness, silliness, sinus, skittishness, slackness, sleepiness, sloppiness, slovenliness, slowness, sluggishness, slyness, smallness, smoothness, smugness, softness, solitariness, squeamishness, starkness, steadfastness, steadiness, steepness, sternness, stiffness, stillness, stinginess, stoutness, strangeness, stubbornness, sturdiness, suddenness, suggestiveness, sweetness, swiftness, tardiness, tartness, tastiness, tenderness, tetanus, thickness, thinness, thoroughness, thoughtfulness, tightness, timeliness, togetherness, toughness, trustworthiness, truthfulness, ugliness, unconsciousness, uneasiness, unfairness, unhappiness, uniqueness, unpleasantness, unwieldiness, unwillingness, usefulness, vagueness, vastness, venous, viciousness, villainous, vindictiveness, voluminous, wariness, wastefulness, waterishness, weakness, weariness, weightlessness, wellness, wetness, whiteness, wholeness, wholesomeness, wilderness, willingness, wimpiness, wistfulness, witness, wonderfulness, worldliness, worthiness, wryness.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Redness

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Direct Anagrams: resends, senders.

Words within the letters "d-e-e-n-r-s-s"

-1 letter: denser, enders, resend, seders, sender, sensed, sneers.

-2 letters: deers, denes, dense, drees, dress, ender, ernes, erses, needs, nerds, redes, reeds, rends, seder, seeds, seers, sends, sense, sered, seres, sneds, sneer.

-3 letters: deer, dees, dene, dens, dere, dree, ends, erne, erns, eses, need, nerd, ness, rede, reds, reed, rees, rend, seed, seen, seer, sees, send, sene, sere, sers, sned.

-4 letters: dee, den, eds, end, ens, ere, ern, ers, ess, nee, red, ree, res, see, sen, ser.

-5 letters: de, ed, en, er, es, ne, re.

 Words containing the letters "d-e-e-n-r-s-s"
 

+1 letter: dearness, direness, endorses, rudeness, spenders.

 

+2 letters: arsenides, ascenders, crudeness, deerskins, designers, dispenser, dissenter, drynesses, endorsees, endorsers, engrossed, harnessed, indorsees, nearsides, readiness, reascends, redesigns, rednesses, reediness, residents, seconders, sederunts, serenades, sunderers, suspender, tendresse, tiredness, underseas, undersets, undressed, undresses, unpressed, weirdness.

 

+3 letters: aridnesses, condensers, congressed, crescendos, cursedness, dapperness, darknesses, dearnesses, demureness, depressant, depressing, depression, descenders, desertions, deservings, dinnerless, directness, direnesses, discerners, dispensers, dissenters, dournesses, drabnesses, dreaminess, dreariness, dressiness, drivenness, endosperms, endospores, fenderless, fervidness, friendless, gesneriads, greediness, greensands, hardnesses, hornedness, markedness, misrenders, modernises, modernness, overspends, presidents, raggedness, reassigned, redressing, rescinders, reseasoned, residences, responders, rootedness, rosinweeds, rudenesses, ruggedness, sacredness, serenaders, shrewdness, sideliners, slanderers, slenderest, stridences, sundresses, surrenders, suspenders, swineherds, tenderness, tendresses, trendiness, undersells, undersides, unstressed, wilderness.

 

+4 letters: acridnesses, adventuress, adverseness, assuredness, beardedness, broadnesses, coresidents, crabbedness, crescendoes, crookedness, crowdedness, crudenesses, dentistries, depressants, depressions, dextranases, dirtinesses, disendowers, disheartens, disinterest, dissevering, diverseness, drollnesses, drunkenness, durableness, dwarfnesses, dysenteries, elderliness, grandnesses, greenswards, guardedness, handpresses, hardinesses, hesperidins, hurriedness, laundresses, learnedness, luridnesses, newsdealers, newsreaders, orderliness, overdesigns, pantdresses, pedestrians, preassigned, predestines, prednisones, rabidnesses, rapidnesses, readinesses, recondenses, reconsiders, reddishness, reedinesses, relatedness, relaxedness, residencies, respondents, retiredness, rigidnesses, rinderpests, roundedness, roundnesses, rowdinesses, ruddinesses, screenlands, secondaries, serriedness, sidewinders, slenderizes, slenderness, squanderers, stridencies, superseding, suspendered, syncretised, tardinesses, threadiness, tirednesses, unaddressed, underbosses, underpasses, underscores, understates, understeers, unexpressed, unharnessed, unimpressed, unpressured, unprocessed, unprofessed, unreadiness, unredressed, unrepressed, vinedresser, weirdnesses, westernised, windscreens, wordinesses.

 

+5 letters: absurdnesses, accursedness, adenoviruses, adorableness, adroitnesses, aldosterones, androgeneses, androgenesis, broodinesses, centeredness, contredanses, copresidents, cursednesses, dappernesses, daringnesses, debonairness, decorousness, decrescendos, demonstrates, demurenesses, depravedness, depressingly, derepressing, derepression, derisiveness, desecrations, desensitizer, deservedness, desipramines, desirousness, desperations, dessertspoon, determinisms, determinists, directedness, directnesses, disbursement, discernments, discreetness, discreteness, disencumbers, disinterests, dispensaries, disseverance, disseverment, draftinesses, dreadfulness, dreamfulness, dreaminesses, drearinesses, dressinesses, drivennesses, drowsinesses, endodermises, endorsements, enduringness, everydayness, fervidnesses, floridnesses, friendliness, frigidnesses, greedinesses, groundsheets, hemosiderins, hornednesses, horridnesses, hydrogenases, indirectness, indorsements, intercrossed, interspersed, intrepidness, inwardnesses, iridescences, irredentisms, irredentists, lordlinesses, markednesses, merchandises, misdemeanors, moderateness, modernnesses, monodisperse, morbidnesses, nightdresses, nondepressed, nonresidents, obdurateness, outsiderness, overdressing, overresponds, overspenders, personalised, preparedness, presidencies, pridefulness, processioned, raggednesses, rancidnesses, randomnesses, readableness, readdressing, redigestions, relandscapes, rendezvouses, rescindments, resensitized, reservedness, resignedness, rootednesses, rotundnesses, ruggednesses, sacrednesses, semidarkness, shrewdnesses, sordidnesses, spellbinders, spiritedness, strandedness, sturdinesses, superhardens, superinduces, superintends, tawdrinesses, tendernesses, torridnesses, transgressed, trendinesses, trendsetters, turbidnesses, turgidnesses, underbrushes, underclasses, underexposes, understories, understudies, undesirables, unsupervised, uprootedness, upwardnesses, vinedressers, wildernesses, wordlessness, wretchedness.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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Alternative Orthography: Redness


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

52 65 64 6E 65 73 73

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

.-.    .    -..    -.    .    ...    ...

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01010010 01100101 01100100 01101110 01100101 01110011 01110011

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#82 &#101 &#100 &#110 &#101 &#115 &#115

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0052 0065 0064 006E 0065 0073 0073

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

52717080718585

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Commercial
5. Quotations: Fiction
6. Quotations: Non-fiction
7. Usage Frequency
8. Expressions: Internet
9. Translations: Modern
10. Bible Trace
11. Derivations
12. Rhymes
13. Anagrams
14. Orthography
15. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.