Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definitions: Rebuke |
RebukeNoun1. An act or expression of criticism and censure; "he had to take the rebuke with a smile on his face". Verb1. Censure severely or angrily; "The mother scolded the child for entering a stranger's car"; "The deputy ragged the Prime Minister"; "The customer dressed down the waiter for bringing cold soup"; "check" is archaic. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "rebuke" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
Synonyms: RebukeSynonyms: reprehension (n), reprimand (n), reproof (n), reproval (n), bawl out (v), berate (v), chew out (v), chew up (v), chide (v), dress down (v), have words (v), jaw (v), lambast (v), lambaste (v), lecture (v), rag (v), remonstrate (v), scold (v), trounce (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Disapprobation | Reprehension, remonstrance, expostulation, reproof, reprobation, admonition, increpation, reproach; rebuke, reprimand, castigation, jobation, lecture, curtain lecture, blow up, wigging, dressing, rating, scolding, trimming; correction, set down, rap on the knuckles, coup de bec, rebuff; slap, slap on the face; home thrust, hit; frown, scowl, black look. |
Reprehend, chide, admonish; berate, betongue; bring to account, call to account, call over the coals, rake over the coals, call to order; take to task, reprove, lecture, bring to book; read a lesson, read a lecture to; rebuke, correct. | |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Rebuke |
| English words defined with "rebuke": admonishment, admonition ♦ berating, blowing up ♦ censure, chastening, chastisement, condemnable, correction, criminal, criminate, Cuttystool ♦ deplorable ♦ Increpate, Increpation ♦ lecture ♦ monition ♦ now now ♦ preaching ♦ Rebukable, Rebukeful, Rebuking, rebukingly, Remord, reprehensible, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reproof, reproval ♦ sermon, Sneap, speech ♦ talking to, To be without rebuke, To take check ♦ unadmonished, unchastened, Unrebukable, unrebuked, unreproved. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "rebuke": Adjective or Adverb ♦ Cemetery ♦ Door-opener ♦ TO SNUB ♦ Wall. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "rebuke": Rebukeful. (references) |
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
| ||
Music |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | WALL :STREET:, n. A symbol for sin for every devil to rebuke. That Wall Street is a den of thieves is a belief that serves every unsuccessful thief in place of a hope in Heaven. Even the great and good Andrew Carnegie has made his profession of faith in the matter. Carnegie the dauntless has uttered his call To battle: "The brokers are parasites all!" Carnegie, Carnegie, you'll never prevail; Keep the wind of your slogan to belly your sail, Go back to your isle of perpetual brume, Silence your pibroch, doff tartan and plume: Ben Lomond is calling his son from the fray -- Fly, fly from the region of Wall Street away! While still you're possessed of a single baubee (I wish it were pledged to endowment of me) 'Twere wise to retreat from the wars of finance Lest its value decline ere your credit advance. For a man 'twixt a king of finance and the sea, Carnegie, Carnegie, your tongue is too free! Anonymus Bink |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Rebuke" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 78.92% of the time. "Rebuke" is used about 166 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 78.92% | 131 | 27,855 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 19.28% | 32 | 61,292 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 1.81% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Total | 100.00% | 166 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "rebuke": gentle rebuke ♦ To be without rebuke. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "rebuke": self-rebuke. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
rebuke | 10 |
better open rebuke | 2 |
official rebuke | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "rebuke"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Afrikaan | berispe (blame, reproach, reprove, scold), beknor (blame, reproach, reprove, scold). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | vërejtje (attention, comment, custody, jobation, objection, observation, remark, reproach, reproof, reservation, reserve), qortoj (admonish, berate, call down, carpet, castigate, chide, come down on, correct, damn, decry, discommend, dish it out, knock, lecture, light into, Peck, pull up, rap, reprehend, reproach, reprove, scold, take to task, tell off, trim, twit, upbraid), qortim (admonition, chiding, correction, exception, objurgation, observation, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reprobation, reproof, rowing, schooling, scolding, set down, snub, talking to, telling off, twit, wigging), kundërshtoj (censure, challenge, combat, condemn, contest, contradict, controvert, counter, cross, demur, deprecate, discountenance, discourage, dispute, flout, fly in the face of, gainsay, impugn, kick, mind, object, oppose, oppugn, protest, react, rebel, rebut, recalcitrate, refuse, resist, retort, set one's face against, stick to, stickle, Stonewall, take exception to), i heq vërejtje (reprove), bëj vërejtje. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | لوم (admonition, blame, censure, lambaste, railing, reprimand, reproach, reproof, twit, upbraid), وبخ (berate, blame, carpet, castigate, check, chide, dish up, dress down, jaw, lash, moralize, quarrel, rail, raspberry, rebuff, reprehend, reproach, reprove, scold, scotch, show up, slag, slate, snub, strafe, take to task, take up, task, tell off, tick off, tickle, upbraid), توبيخ (admonition, censure, correction, dressing down, lesson, objurgation, rap, rating, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reproof, scolding, talking to, telling off, upbraiding, wig), تعنيف (check, objurgation, scolding, talking to, wigging), عنف (blow up, check, chide, convulse, expostulate, fierceness, force, heating, impetuosity, rant, roughness, rowdyism, rudeness, scold, smarten, thuggery, vehemence, violence, whip off). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | укор (imputation, objurgation, rap, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reproof, snub), мъмря (call down, caution, correct, lecture, lesson, objurgate, rap, reprimand, school, scold), мъмрене (caution, lecture, objurgation, reprimand, rowing, scolding, talking to), поскарвам се на, порицавам (anathematize, blame, censure, criminate, decry, lash, reprehend, reprimand, reproach, reprobate, reprove, upbraid, wig), порицание (animadversion, castigation, censure, decrial, dispraise, imputation, reflection, reprehension, reprimand, reprobation, reproof, stricture). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 熊 (bear, to rebuke, to scold). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | výtka (admonition, censure, reproof, rub), pokárat (reprimand, reprove), pokárání (caution, censure, reprehension, reprimand, reproof), dùtka (caution, censure, reprimand, rub). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | dadle (reproach, reprove, scold). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | wraken (condemn, disapprove, disapprove of, reject, reproach, reprove, scold), verwerpen (condemn, cull, disapprove, disapprove of, reject), afkeuren (condemn, declare unfit for use, disapprove, disapprove of, refuse, reject, reproach, reprove, scold, scrap). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | riproĉi (blame, reproach, reprove, scold), skoldi (reproach, reprove, scold), mallaŭdi (reproach, reprove, scold), malaprobi (condemn, disapprove, disapprove of). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Faeroese | deila (divide, reproach, reprove, scold, separate, share). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | ملامت کردن (Blame, Calldown, Reprove, Upbraid), ملامت (Reproof, Snuff, Tax), گوشمالی (Punishment, Scourge), توبیخ کردن (Rail, Reprehend, Telloff), زخم زبان (Brickbat, Diatribe, Rap). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | moittia (blame, criticize, find fault with, reproach, reprove, scold). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | reprocher (reproach, reprove), réprimander (reprehend, reprimand, reproach, reprove), gronder (reproach, reprove). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frisian | lekje (condemn, disapprove, disapprove of), ferwite (blame, reproach, reprove, scold), ôfkarre (condemn, disapprove, disapprove of). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Tadel (animadversion, animadversions, black mark, blame, blemish, censure, criticism, demerit, disapproval, impeachment, objurgation, observation, remark, reprimand, reproach, reproof, taint), zurechtweisen (pull up, reprimand, reproach, reprove, scold), tadeln (castigate, censure, chide, criticize, dispraise, fault, lecture, objurgate, reprehend, reprehension, reprimand, reproaches, reproval, reprove, to blame, vituperate). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | επιπλήττω (admonish, berate, castigate, check, lecture, objervate, objurgate, rate, reprehend, reprove, scold, take to task), επίπληξη (admonition, lecture, objurgation, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reproof, reproval, scolding, snub, telling off, wigging). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | מ'ערת (curse), לק טר (anger, chide, nag, provoke, tease, vex), לעוט (dart, pounce, swoop), ל"בר קשות (scold), ל'עור (curse, reprehend, reproach, reproof, reprove, scold, tell off), ל זוף (admonish, chide, dress down, flay, reprehend, reprimand, reproach, reprove, scold, slate, take to task, upbraid), תוכח" (admonition, exhortation, harangue, punishment, reproach, reproof, trouble), זעק" (cry, hue and cry, outcry, shout), 'ער" (reprimand, reproach), זיפ" (admonition, rating, reprimand, stricture, twit). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | rendreutasítás (correction). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Icelandic | átelja (blame, reproach, reprove, scold). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | mencomeli (reprimand, scold), kemarahan (acerbity, dander, fury, wrath), comelan (reprimand, scolding), coel. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | riprendere (begin again, blame, catch again, get back, recover, recrudesce, regain, renew, reopen, reprehend, reproach, reprove, resume, scold, shoot, start again, tell off), disapprovare (boo, condemn, deprecate, disapprove, disapprove of, disfavor, disfavour, frown, object), biasimare (blame, censure, condemn, disapprove, disapprove of, reprobate, reprove, scorch). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 譴責 (censor, reprimand, reproof), 問責 (blame, censure, reprimand, reproof), 叱責 (reprimand), 叱' (reprimand, scolding), 'め (blame, censure, reproof). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | しった (reprimand, scolding), しっせき (abscondence, disappearance, reprimand), も"せき (blame, censure, reprimand, reproof), け"せき (censor, reprimand, reproof), とがめ (blame, censure, reproof). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | oghsan (censure, reprimand), cur oghsan da (animadvert, reprimand, reprove). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Norwegian | dadle (reproach, reprove, scold). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Papiamen | reprochá (blame, reproach, reprove, scold), desaprobá (condemn, disapprove, disapprove of). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | ebukeray repreender (admonish, berate, bounce, carpet, censure, correct, find loopholes, jaw vice, lecturer, lessor, reprehend, reprimand, reproach, reprove, scold, sermonize, snub, take to task, tell off, twit, upbraid, vituperate), censurar (admonish, animadvert, berate, blame, carp, censor, censoring, censure, chide, condemn, damn, deprecate, expostulate, find fault with, glossal, impeach, inculpation, inveigh, jaw, land on, lecture, lesson, Nicaragua, objurgate, quarrel, red pencil, reprehend, reproach, reprove, scold, sermonize, snub, twit, upbraid, vituperate). (various references) mustrare (dressing, lash, lecture, pi-jaw, prick, remonstrance, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reproof, row, scolding, slur, snub, trim, trimming, wigging), mustra (berate, chide, lash into, remonstrate, reprehend, reprimand, reprove, row, scold, slate, snub, twit), dojeni (blame, chide, correct, remonstrate, reprehend, reprimand, reprove, scold, snub, taunt, trim, twit, upbraid, wig), dojanã (admonishment, lash, lecture, lesson, remonstrance, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reproof, row, scolding, set down, snub, taunt, twit), certa (abuse, altercate, berate, blame, brawl, censure, chide, rag, reprehend, reprove, row, scold, squabble, taunt). (various references) укорять (upbraid), укор (odium, reproach), упрекать (chide, objurgate, reprove, twit, upbraid), упрек (admonition, objurgation, reproach, reproof, setdown, twit), выговор (curtain lecture, dressing down, jobation, objurgation, rating, reprimand, reproof, rowing, schooling, set-down, snub, talking to, talking-to, telling off, telling-off), осуждать (condemn, convict, criminate, criticize, cry shame upon, damn, decry, denounce, deprecate, disapprove, excoriate, judge, preach down, prejudge), нагоняй (blowup, dressing-down, going-over, rowing, ruction, scolding, snorter, telling-off, tongue-lashing, wigging), замечание (admonishment, admonition, comment, inapt remark, note, observation, remark), браковать (condemn, disapprove, disapprove of, reject), делать выговор (check, rate, reprehend, slate). (various references) cronaich (blame, reprove), achmhasan (a rebuke, reprimand, reproof). (various references) ukoriti (lecture, objurgate, reprehend, reprimand, reprove, scold), ukor (admonition, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, schooling), prekoriti (reprehend, upbraid), prekor (reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reproof). (various references) censurar (animadvert, blame, blue pencil, censor, censure, condemn, criticize, decry, deprecate, dispraise, impeach, reproach, reprove, scold, take up, talk down, talk out, talk through, view), reprobar (animadvert, blame, condemn, disapprove, disapprove of, lash out, reproach, reprobate, reprove, scold), reprimenda (blame, dressing down, reference, reprimand, reproof, rocket, scoring), reprender (blame, censure, chide, dress down, objurgate, reprehend, reprimand, reproach, reprove, scold, take to task), desaprobar (condemn, criticize, deprecate, disapprove, disapprove of, discountenance, discourage, dispraise, frown, negative, reproach, reprove, scold). (various references) tillrättavisande. (various references) การ"ุ"่า, "ุ"่า (chide, jump all over, jump on, keep after, nag, rag). (various references) azarlamak (admonish, baste, bawl out, berate, blame, blister, blow up, bring up, call down, call smb. over the coals, carpet, castigate, chew out, chide, come down on, decry, dress down, give a piece of one's mind, give smb. a talking-to, give smb. a telling-off, give smb. beans, give smb. hell, give the stick, inveigh, jaw out, keelhaul, lace into, lambaste, lash, lecture, let smb. have it, light into, objurgate, peck at smb., punish, rag, rail, rap smb. over the knuckles, rate, reprehend, reprimand, reproach, reprove, roast, sail into, scold, score, slang, slap, slate, strafe, take to task, talk to smb., tell off, tell smb. one's mind, tick off, trim, twit, upbraid, vituperate). (various references) робити догану, дорікати (betongue, objurgate, reproach, reprove, tax, twit), докір (expostulation, objurgation, reproach, reproof, reproval, twit), догана (blame, bobbing, castigation, dressing down, objurgation, reprehension, reprimand, reprobation, reproof, reproval, rowing, schooling, setdown, snub, telling), давати відсіч (set down). (various references) sự quở trách lời khiển trách, sự khiển trách (admonishment, admonition, animadversion, blame, dispraise, reprehension, rowing), lời quở trách (lecture, reprimand, reproof). (various references) sennu (animadvert, censure), sen (censure, reproof), ceryddu (admonish, animadvert, chastise, correct), cerydd (admonition, censure, chastisement, correction, reproof), argyhoeddi (convict, convince, reprove). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | accusatio, accusatione, accusationem, accusationis, admonitionibus, correptio, correptione, correptionem, correptiones, correptioni, correptionis, increpa, increpabant, increpabat, increpabit, increpabo, increpandum, increpans, increpantibus, increpare, increparet, increpat, increpatio, increpatione, increpationem, increpationes, increpationibus, increpationis, increpem, increpet, increpo, increpueris, increpuerit, increpui, increpuisti, increpuit, insequor. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Proverbs Chapter 27, Verse 5 |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Melior est manifesta correptio quam amor absconditus |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Betere is open amending, than hid looue. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Open rebuke is better than secret love. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Open rebuke is better than secret love. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Better is open protest than love kept secret. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Proverbs Chapter 27, Verse 5 |
| Bulgarian | Явното изобличение е по-добро От оная любов, която не се проявява. |
| Cebuano | ¶ Maayo pa ang pagbadlong sa dayag Kay sa gugma nga tinago. |
| Chinese | 當 面 的 責 備 、 強 如 背 地 的 愛 情 。 |
| Croatian | Bolji je javni ukor nego lažna ljubav. |
| Danish | Hellere åbenlys Revselse end Kærlighed, der skjules. |
| Dutch | Openbare bestraffing is beter dan verborgene liefde. |
| Finnish | Parempi julkinen nuhde kuin salattu rakkaus. |
| French | Mieux vaut une réprimande ouverte Qu`une amitié cachée. |
| German | Offene Strafe ist besser denn heimliche Liebe. |
| Haitian Creole | ¶ Pito ou rale zòrèy yon moun kareman pase pou ou kite l' konprann sa li fè a pa anyen. |
| Hungarian | Jobb a nyilvánvaló dorgálás a titkos szeretetnél. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Lebih baik teguran yang terang-terangan daripada kasih yang tidak diungkapkan. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Peneguran yang nyata itu terlebih baik dari pada pengasihan yang tersembuni. |
| Italian | Meglio un rimprovero aperto che un amore celato. |
| Korean | 면 책 은 숨 은 사 랑 보 다 나 으 니 라 |
| Maori | ¶ He pai ke te riri matanui i te aroha huna. |
| Norwegian | Åpenlys irettesettelse er bedre enn kjærlighet som skjules. |
| Portuguese | Melhor é a repreensão aberta do que o amor encoberto. |
| Rumanian | Mai bine o mustrare pe fayq de ckt o prietenie ascunsq. - |
| Russian | мХЮЫЕ ПФЛТЩФПЕ П'МЙЮЕОЙЕ, ОЕЦЕМЙ УЛТЩФБС МА'ПЧШ. |
| Spanish | Mejor es la reprensión manifiesta que el amor oculto. |
| Swedish | Bättre är öppen tillrättavisning än kärlek som hålles fördold. |
| Thai | ว่ากันต่อหน้า"ีกว่ารักกันลับๆ |
| Ukrainian | ¶ Ліпше відкрите картання, ніж та"мна любов. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "rebuke": rebuked, rebuker, rebukers, rebukes. (additional references) | |
| |
"Rebuke" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: ebuke, Erbakan, Prabucki, Rabaka, rabuke, Rambuka, Razuki, rebore, rebu, rebuker, rebule, rebuse, rebute, reuoke, Roboski, Rouke, Rusuku, Rybakov. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "rebuke" (pronounced rēbyuw"k or rubyuw"k) |
| 3 | -y uw" k | puke. |
| 3 | -y uw" k | puke. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "b-e-e-k-r-u" | |
-1 letter: burke. | |
-2 letters: beer, bree, kerb, reek, rube. | |
-3 letters: bee, bur, eke, ere, kue, reb, ree, rub, rue, uke, urb. | |
-4 letters: be, er, re. | |
| Words containing the letters "b-e-e-k-r-u" | |
+1 letter: rebuked, rebuker, rebukes. | |
+2 letters: bunkered, debunker, rebukers, reedbuck. | |
+3 letters: berkelium, bucklered, debunkers, reedbucks, trebucket. | |
+4 letters: berkeliums, cherublike, housebreak, housebroke, rubberlike, rubberneck, trebuckets. | |
+5 letters: housebreaks, housebroken, huckleberry, rubbernecks, unbracketed, unbreakable. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)52 65 62 75 6B 65 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
|
| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
|
| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
|
| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
|
Morse Code (1836) (references).-. . -... ..- -.- . |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
|
Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010010 01100101 01100010 01110101 01101011 01100101 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)R e b u k e |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0052 0065 0062 0075 006B 0065 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
|
Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)527168877771 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Quotations: Non-fiction 6. Usage Frequency 7. Expressions 8. Expressions: Internet | 9. Translations: Modern 10. Translations: Ancient 11. Bible Trace 12. Derivations | 13. Rhymes 14. Anagrams 15. Orthography 16. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.