Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Quartz |
QuartzNoun1. Colorless glass made of almost pure silica. 2. A hard glossy mineral consisting of silicon dioxide in crystal form; present in most rocks (especially sandstone and granite); yellow sand is quartz with iron oxide impurities. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "quartz" was first used: 1756. (references) |
Etymology: Quartz \Quartz\, noun. [from German expression quarz.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Mining | Is the name given to various kinds of silica in crystal form. Source: European Union. (references) |
Geological | One of the most common minerals in the Earth's crust (and in some new-age boutiques). Made up of silicon dioxide (SiO2),lso called silica. Commonly in white masses. Crystals are clear, glassy 6-sided prisms. (references) |
Mining | A. A trigonal mineral, SiO2 ; polymorphous with tridymite, cristobalite, coesite, stishovite, and keatite. Amethyst is a variety of the well-known amethystine color. Aventurine is a quartz spangled with scales of mica, hemitite, or other minerals. False topaz or citrine is a yellow quartz. Rock crystal is a watery clear variety. Rose quartz is a pink variety. Rutilated quartz contains needles of rutile. Smoky quartz is a brownish variety, sometimes called cairngorm. Tigereye is crocidolite (an asbestoslike mineral) replaced by quartz and iron oxide and having a chatoyant effect. The name of the mineral is prefixed to the names of many rocks that contain it, as quartz porphyry, quartz diorite. See also:alpha quartz; beta quartz; high quartz; low quartz b. Pac. Any hard, gold or silver ore, as distinguished from gravel or earth. Hence, quartz mining, as distinguished from hydraulic mining, etc c. A general term for a variety of cryptocrystalline varieties of SiO (sub2) ; e.g., agate, chalcedony. e.g., agate, chalcedony. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Quartz is the most abundant mineral on earth (about 12% vol.), made of trigonal-crystallized silica (silicon dioxide, SiO2), with a hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale. The usually six-sided prisms that end in six-sided pyramids are either colorless rock crystal, or colored gemstones such as violet amethyst, yellow citrine, pink rose quartz, white milk quartz, brown or grey smoky quartz, leek-green prasiolite, grey or white chalcedony, green-grey agate, red or yellow jasper or white-black banded onyx. Quartz often occurs in granite, sandstone and limestone.
Some quartz crystal structures are piezoelectric and used as oscillators in electronic devices such as quartz clocks and radios.
A non-crystalline glass form of quartz, called fused quartz, can also be produced.
Properties of Clear Fused Quartz
(Based on information in Fused Quartz Catalogue Q-7A, General Electric Company.)
See also: list of minerals
- Density: 2.203 g/cm3
- Hardness: 7
- Tensile strength: 48.3 MPa
- Compressive strength: >1.1 GPa
- Bulk modulus: ~37 GPa
- Rigidity modulus: 31 GPa
- Young's modulus: 71.7 GPa
- Poisson's ratio: 0.16
- Coefficient of thermal expansion: 5.5E-7 cm/(cm*K) (average from 20°C to 320°C)
- Thermal conductivity: 1.3 W/(m×K)
- Heat capacity: 45.3 J/mol
- Softening point: ~1665°C
- Annealing point: ~1140°C
- Strain point: 1070°C
- Electrical resistivity: >1018 Ω×m
- Dielectric constant: 3.75 at 20°C 1 MHz
- Dielectric loss factor: less than 0.0004 at 20°C 1 MHz
- Index of refraction: 1.4585
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Quartz."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A quartz clock is an electronic oscillator that uses a quartz filter to achieve very precise frequencies. Usually some form of digital logic counts these cycles and provides a numeric time display that a human can read.Chemically, quartz is a compound called silicon dioxide. When a crystal of quartz is properly cut and mounted, it can be made to bend in an electric field. When the field is removed, the quartz will generate an electric field as it returns to its previous shape. This property is known as piezoelectricity.
Many materials can be formed into plates that will resonate. However, since quartz can be directly driven by an electric signal, no additional speaker or microphone is required.
Quartz has the further advantage that it does not change size much as temperature changes. Fused quartz is often used for laboratory equipment that must not change shape as the temperature changes. This means that a quartz plate's size will not change much with temperature. Therefore, the resonant frequency of the plate, which depends on the plate's size, will not change much, either. This means that a quartz clock will be relatively accurate as the temperature changes.
In modern quartz clocks, the resonator is a tuning fork shape, laser-trimmed or precision lapped to vibrate at 32,768 cycles per second. In most clocks, the resonator is in a small can or flat package, about 4mm long. Standard quality resonators of this type are warranted to have a long-term accuracy of about 6 parts per million at 31°C, that is, a typical quartz wristwatch will gain or lose less than a half second per day at body temperature.
The relative stability of the resonator and its driving circuit is much better than its absolute accuracy. If a quartz wristwatch is "rated" by measuring it against an atomic clock's time broadcast, and worn on one's body to keep its temperature constant, the corrected time can easily be as accurate as 2 seconds per month, more than good enough to perform celestial navigation.
The rest of the clock is usually a small, special-purpose computer with a program that counts the cycles, and translates them into an electrical form to drive the visible display. The use of computers in electronic timepieces has enabled a wealth of features, such as stop watches, perpetual calendars, multiple perpetual alarms that play tunes, and other features that would be impractical with simple electronic counters.
Some premium clock designs self-rate. That is, rather than just counting vibrations, their computer program takes the simple count, and scales it using a ratio calculated between an epoch set at the factory, and the most recent time the clock was set. These clocks usually have special instructions for changing the battery (the counter must not be permitted to stop), and become more accurate as they grow older.
It is theoretically possible for a computerized clock to measure its temperature, and adjust for that as well.
Quartz chronometers designed as time standards often include a crystal oven, to keep the crystal at a constant temperature. Some self-rate and include "crystal farms," so that the clock can take the centroid of a set of time measurements.
The inherent accuracy and low cost of production has resulted in the proliferation of quartz clocks and watches since the 1970s. Quartz timepiece production has emerged from Asia, notably Hong Kong and Japan. Many traditional European clockmakers have continued to produce the less accurate but popular geared timepieces.
When buying a quartz watch, unless it has special features, above US$20, you are paying for the packaging: it will not be a better timekeeper.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Quartz clock."
Synonyms: QuartzSynonyms: crystal (n), lechatelierite (n), quartz glass (n), vitreous silica (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Hardness | Stone, pebble, flint, marble, rock, fossil, crag, crystal, quartz, granite, adamant; bone, cartilage; hardware; heart of oak, block, board, deal board; iron, steel; cast iron, decarbonized iron, wrought iron; nail; brick, concrete; cement. |
Instantaneity | Clock, wall clock, pendulum clock, grandfather's clock, cuckoo clock, alarm clock, clock radio; watch, pocket watch, stopwatch, Swiss watch; atomic clock, digital clock, analog clock, quartz watch, water clock; chronometer, chronoscope, chronograph; repeater; timekeeper, timepiece; dial, sundial, gnomon, horologe, pendulum, hourglass, clepsydra; ghurry. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Title | ||
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Figure 69. Langevin quartz ultrasonic projector. This device was built in 1925 by the Society for Condensation and Mechanical Applications based on work by Paul Langevin. It was also distributed by the Marconi Company. It consisted of a piezo-electric emitter. No informatin exists concerning tests and use of this instrument. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |  | Figure 45. Quartz spectrograph, meant to photographically meausure the spectrum of various materials under analysis. This instrument was constructed by the Paris firm of Jobin and Yvon in 1901. Several of these instruments were made by the engineer Amedee Jobin. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
 | Mineral Smokey Quartz. Credit: USDA. |  | Mineral Quartz Crystal. Credit: USDA. |
 | The Detroit news timely topics. Fused quartz. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Quartz" by Alan Lee Commentary: "Nice shots of a quartz crystal." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Its front foot caught a piece of quartz and little by little the shell pulled over and flopped upright |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Recently, improvements in outdoor advertising, such as neon, quartz, halogen lighting and transport automobiles has emerged. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Quartz" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 92.35% of the time. "Quartz" is used about 183 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 92.35% | 169 | 23,972 |
| Noun (proper) | 4.37% | 8 | 124,375 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 2.19% | 4 | 175,879 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 1.09% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 183 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| Japan | Techno Quartz Inc. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "quartz": crystallized quartz ♦ greasy quartz ♦ milky quartz ♦ quartz battery ♦ quartz clock ♦ quartz crystal ♦ quartz crystal controlled oscillator ♦ quartz glass ♦ Quartz Hill ♦ quartz iodine lamp ♦ quartz lamp ♦ quartz mill ♦ quartz oscillator ♦ quartz rock ♦ quartz watch ♦ rose quartz ♦ smoky quartz ♦ transparent quartz ♦ vein quartz. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "quartz": quartz-antimony, quartz-arsenopyrite, quartz-bearing, quartz-carbonate, quartz-cassiterite, quartz-crystal-based, quartz-feldspar, quartz-feldspar-mica, quartz-feldspar-rock, quartz-halogen, quartz-like, quartz-magnetite, quartz-porphyry, quartz-rich, quartz-sharp, quartz-stockwork, quartz-sulphide, quartz-tourmaline, quartz-tourmaline-sulphide, quartz-veins, quartz-windowed. | |
Ending with "quartz": topaz-quartz. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "quartz"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | kuarci, kuarc. (various references) | |
Arabic | كوارتز, المرو. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | кварцов, кварц (crystal, silica). (various references) | |
Chinese | 石英 . (various references) | |
Czech | křemen (Flint, silica). (various references) | |
Danish | kvarts (chert, silica, silicon dioxide). (various references) | |
Dutch | kwarts (rock-crystal). (various references) | |
Farsi | کوارتز, سنگ چینی , درکوهی . (various references) | |
Finnish | kvartsi (chert, silica, silicon dioxide). (various references) | |
French | quartz. (various references) | |
German | Quarz (rock-crystal). (various references) | |
Greek | χαλαζίας. (various references) | |
Hebrew | בדולח ההרים. (various references) | |
Hungarian | kvarc (streak). (various references) | |
Italian | quarzo. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 石英 , クーロン力 (car horn, Chrysler, Clark, classic, classic car, classic life, classic races, classical, classicism, clerk, client, client server, climax, climber, climbing, climograph, cloud, collider, cook, cookie, cooking, cooking card, cooking school, Coulomb's force, coutouriere, couturier, crime story, crisis, criteria, crouching start, crown, cryoelectronics, cryogenics, cumin, cushion, cushion ball, Klaxon, Kuwait, large size, multi-purpose health facility, pitcher throwing to first base, quake, Quaker, quality, quality paper, quantity, quantize, quark, quarter, quarterback, quarterly, quartet, quasar, queen, queen size, Queen's English, Queensland, question, question mark, quick, quick motion, quick step, quick turn, quilter, quintet, quinto, quiz, quiz mania, quiz rally, quota, quotation mark, quote, Society of Friends, the Queen Mary). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | せきえい (a glimpse of an object's outlines), クォーツ . (various references) | |
Korean | 석영. (various references) | |
Manx | clarinagh vane, clagh ghreiney. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | artzquay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | quartzo. (various references) | |
Romanian | cuarţ. (various references) | |
Russian | кварцевый, кварц кварцевый, кварц (silica). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | kvarcni, kvarc. (various references) | |
Spanish | cuarzo (rock crystal). (various references) | |
Swedish | kvarts. (various references) | |
Turkish | kuvars. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | кварц (silex, silica). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| German | 100 BCE-Modern | Quarz. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "quartz": quartzes, quartzite, quartzites, quartzitic, quartzose. (additional references) | |
| |
"Quartz" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: kartuz, qart, qartz, quaft, quants, Quantz, quarat, quard, quarez, quarta, quarte, quarti, quartize, quartr, quartsz, quarty, quartzy, quaryz, quarzt, quatra, quatz, quetz, Quiroz, Quorshi, quort, quorts, qurrt, qurt, qwartz. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "quartz" (pronounced kwô"rts) |
| 6 | k w ô" r t s | quarts. |
| 5 | -w ô" r t s | thwarts, warts. |
| 4 | -ô" r t s | bortz, contorts, courts, distorts, exhorts, fortes, forts, imports, ports, reports, resorts, retorts, shorts, snorts, sorts, sports, supports, torts, transports. |
| 3 | -r t s | airports, arts, carports, carts, charts, cohorts, counterparts, darts, departs, escorts, exports, Harts, hearts, hertz, imparts, marts, mouthparts, parts, passports, purports, ramparts, reexports, seaports, Smarts, starts, sweethearts, tarts, upstarts. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-q-r-t-u-z" | |
-1 letter: quart. | |
-2 letters: tzar. | |
-3 letters: art, qat, qua, rat, rut, tar, tau, uta. | |
-4 letters: ar, at, ta, ut. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-q-r-t-u-z" | |
+2 letters: quartzes, quatorze. | |
+3 letters: quantizer, quartzite, quartzose, quatorzes. | |
+4 letters: quantizers, quartzites, quartzitic, quizmaster. | |
+5 letters: quizmasters, tranquilize. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Images: Digital Art 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Usage Frequency 11. Names: Company Usage 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Translations: Ancient 16. Derivations | 17. Rhymes 18. Anagrams 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
