Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Quality of service |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In circuit-switched networks it refers to the probability of being able to initiate a call to another party. In packet-switched networks it refers to the probability of the network meeting a given traffic contract, or in many cases is used informally to refer the probability of a packet passing between two points in the network.
Back when the Internet was created, nobody saw the need or the feasability of QoS applications, so the whole thing runs on a "best effort" system. There were 4 "type of service" bits and three "precedence" bits provided in each message, but they were largely unused. There are many nasty things that can happen to packets as they wing their way from place to place, and they result in the following problems, as seen from the point of view of the sender and receiver:
A traffic contract (SLA, Service Level Agreement) specifies guarantees for the ability of a network/protocol to give guaranteed performance/throughput/latency bounds based on mutually agreed measures, usually by prioritising traffic. A defined Quality of Service may be required for certain types of network traffic, for example:
There are essentially two ways to provide QoS garantees. The first is simply to provide lots of resources, enough to meet the expected peak demand with a substantial safety margin. This is nice and simple, but some people believe it to be expensive in practice, and can't cope if the peak demand increases faster than predicted: deploying the extra resources takes time.
The second one is to require people to make reservations, and only accept the reservations if the routers are able to serve them reliably. Naturally, you can then charge people money for making reservations! There are two popular variations on this:
However, the market has not yet favoured QoS services.
Some people believe that this is because a "dumb" network that offers sufficient bandwidth for most applications, most of the time, is already economically stable, with little incentive to deploy non-standard stateful QoS-based applications.
Internet peering arrangements are already complex, and there appears to be no enthusiasm among providers for supporting QoS across peering connections, or agreement about what policies should be supported in order to do so.
QoS skeptics further point out that if you are dropping many packets on elastic low-QoS connections, you are already dangerously close to the point of congestion collapse on your inelastic high-QoS applications, without any way of further dropping traffic without violating traffic contracts.
to do: mention Paris Metro pricing as a minimal QoS policy
The following proporties may only be used on end ports, but not on server, backbone or other ports, that mediates many concurrent flows.
Quote from: Network World, 09/13/99, 'Flow control feedback': "...Hewlett-Packard points out that quality of service is a better way to handle potential congestion, and Cabletron and Nortel note that QoS features can't operate properly if a switch sends [IEEE 802.3x] pause frames...."
This quote suggests that QoS and IEEE 802.3x are incompatible.
An ethernet connection with 100 Mbit/s full duplex instead of 100 Mbit/s half duplex increases the effective speed from ca. 60-100 Mbit/s half duplex to 200 Mbit/s (100 Mbit/s transmit + 100 Mbit/s receive).
See also:
Problems
Applications requiring QoS
These types of service are called inelastic, meaning that they require a certain level of bandwidth to function - if they get more than that they can't use it, and if they get less, then they can't function at all. By contrast, elastic applications can take advantage of however much or little bandwidth is available.Obtaining QoS
DiffServ are typically used with:
Network equipment, that supports DiffServ and perhaps IntServ, are called multilayer network equipment. A switch that supports DiffServ and perhaps IntServ is called a multilayer switch.QoS problems with some technologies
IEEE 802.3x "flow"-control are not a real flow control, but instead a queue-control. An example of a IEEE 802.3x problem are "head of Line"-blocking. Many of todays switches have IEEE 802.3x on as default - even on uplink/backbone ports.External addresses
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Quality of Service."
Crosswords: QUALITY OF SERVICE |
| Specialty definitions using "QUALITY OF SERVICE": Business Process Re-engineering ♦ CHECKROOM CHIEF, community placement worker, counseling-center manager ♦ DIRECTOR OF COUNSELING, director, counseling bureau, director, vocational counseling ♦ head counselo ♦ intake worker, IP Telephony ♦ MANAGER, COMPUTER OPERATIONS, Multiprotocol Label Switching ♦ QOS ♦ service observing, social service worker. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Demand for wide area networks (WAN's) in South Africa is growing for both the capacity and the quality of service. (references) | |
The Venezuelan electric power system is currently experiencing serious problems due to inadequate quality of service. (references) | ||
Casemix is being used for output measurement, resource allocation (funding, paying and charging), and quality of service delivery. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Chad | The Government does not restrict access to the Internet; however, the state-owned firm reportedly set prices and provided a quality of service that has discouraged the establishment of private domestic Internet service providers. (references) |
Economic History | Bangladesh | About 35.0% of the lines are analog and both the connection rate and the quality of service are poor. (references) |
Chile | Here there are business opportunities for companies able to supply technological solutions, which may increase the quality of service. (references) | |
Travel | Indonesia | Cellular services are readily available but the quality of service varies. (references) |
Armenia | Many of them are in poor condition and the quality of service does not meet Western standards. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
Expression using "QUALITY OF SERVICE": requested quality of service. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
quality of service | 101 |
qos quality of service | 3 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "QUALITY OF SERVICE"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 服務質量 (QOS). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | alityquay ofay ervicesay qualidade de serviço. (various references) calidad de servicio solicitada (requested QoS, requested quality of service). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-e-e-f-i-i-l-o-q-r-s-t-u-v-y" | |
-3 letters: viceroyalties. | |
-4 letters: coequalities, equivocality, vesicularity. | |
-5 letters: coevalities, corequisite, equivocates, facetiously, fractiously, lactiferous, loquacities, quatrefoils, requalifies, veraciously, vicariously, vociferates, voyeuristic. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Crosswords 2. Usage: Commercial 3. Quotations: Non-fiction 4. Expressions | 5. Expressions: Internet 6. Translations: Modern 7. Anagrams 8. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
