Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Proto |
ProtoAdjective1. (combining form) indicating the first or earliest or original; "`proto' is a combining form in a word like `protolanguage' that refers to the hypothetical ancestor of another language or group of languages". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "proto" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1596. (references) |
Synonym: ProtoSynonym: proto(a) (adj). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Proto |
| Non-English Usage: "Proto" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Czech (accordingly, hence, that's why, therefore), Serbo-Croatian (proto), Turkish (proto-). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Half of this crap is written in some archaic, proto demon cuneiform. (Angel; writing credit: Letcia Dornelles) | |
Movie/TV Titles | To Proto kardiohtipi (1963) Ke to proto pinelo (1984) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "Proto" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 69.23% of the time. "Proto" is used about 13 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 69.23% | 9 | 117,287 |
| Noun (proper) | 30.77% | 4 | 175,879 |
| Total | 100.00% | 13 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "proto" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Proto | Last name | 1,000 | 17,600 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expression using "proto": proto salt. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "proto": proto-atlantic, proto-australoid, proto-bankers, proto-beliefs, proto-bourgeoisie, proto-brechtian, proto-bulgarian, proto-bulgarians, proto-capitalists, proto-carbohydrate, proto-caucasian, proto-cell, proto-class, proto-continents, proto-cubist, proto-dadaist, proto-dionysian, proto-do, Proto-Doric, proto-dramatic, proto-echinoderm, proto-ecumenical, proto-fascism, proto-fascist, proto-fauve, proto-feminist, proto-fish, proto-form, proto-funky, proto-gardens, proto-germanic, proto-glitterati, proto-green, proto-hippychick, proto-impressionist, Proto-Indo European, proto-industrial, proto-industrialisation, proto-industrialists, proto-industrialization, proto-jpl, proto-keynesian, proto-kimberlitic, proto-language, proto-lens, proto-life, Proto-luke, proto-lung, proto-majorese, Proto-malays, proto-middle, proto-minimalism, proto-modernisers, proto-modernism, proto-modernist, proto-monetarist, proto-mull, proto-nazi, proto-nerve, proto-norms, Proto-Norse, proto-oncogene, Proto-Oncogene Protein c-kit, Proto-Oncogene Protein c-met, Proto-Oncogene Protein p21(ras), Proto-Oncogene Protein pp60(c-src), Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mos, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis, proto-oncogenes, proto-oncogenic, proto-ovum, proto-palladian, proto-plume, proto-proletariat, proto-punk, proto-realist, proto-record, proto-records, proto-reptiles, proto-roman, proto-satirical, proto-sciences, proto-scientific, proto-sinaitic, proto-south, Proto-state, proto-surrealist, proto-symbolist, proto-temple, proto-texts, proto-type, proto-underground, proto-urban, proto-wings. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "proto"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | proto- (proto-). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | прото- (proto-), прабългарски (proto-bulgarian), прабългари (proto-bulgarians), пра- (primitive, proto-). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | proto-onkogen (proto-oncogene). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | proto-oncogeen (proto-oncogene), protomull (proto-mull), primitieve cel (primary cell, proto-cell). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | proto-onkogeeni (proto-oncogene), esionkogeeni (proto-oncogene). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | proto-planète (proto-planet), proto-oncogène (proto-oncogene), protomull (proto-mull), proto-cellule (primary cell, proto-cell), proto- (proto-), fraiseuse de prototype (proto miller), cellule primitive (primary cell, proto-cell). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Proto-Onkogen (proto-oncogene), Protomull (proto-mull), ursprache (original language, proto-language, source language), urgermanisch (essentially germanic, proto-germanic), fräsmaschine für prototyp-teile (proto miller), fräsmaschine für erstteile (proto miller). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | πρωτοογκογονίδιο (proto-oncogene). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | אב- (arche-, master-, proto-). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | proto-oncogene (proto-oncogene), protomull (proto-mull). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | otopray protooncogene (proto-oncogene), protomull (proto-mull). (various references) proto. (various references) protooncogén (proto-oncogene), protomull (proto-mull), fresa-de prototipo (proto miller). (various references) proto-onkogen (proto-oncogene). (various references) proto (proto-), ilkel (crude, elementary, embryonic, primal, primeval, primitive, primordial, proto-, rude, rudimental, rudimentary), ilk (early, elementary, first, initial, initiative, initiatory, maiden, preliminary, premier, primal, primary, prime, primitive, primordial, pristine, proto-, the very first). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "proto": protocol, protocoled, protocoling, protocolled, protocolling, protocols, protoderm, protoderms, protogalaxies, protogalaxy, protohistorian, protohistorians, protohistoric, protohistories, protohistory, protohuman, protohumans, protolanguage, protolanguages, protomartyr, protomartyrs, proton, protonate, protonated, protonates, protonating, protonation, protonations, protonema, protonemal, protonemata, protonematal, protonic, protonotaries, protonotary, protons, protopathic, protophloem, protophloems, protoplanet, protoplanetary, protoplanets, protoplasm, protoplasmic, protoplasms, protoplast, protoplasts, protopod, protopods, protoporphyrin, protoporphyrins. (additional references) | |
Words containing "proto": antiproton, antiprotons. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: troop. | |
| Words within the letters "o-o-p-r-t" | |
-1 letter: poor, port, root, roto, toro, trop. | |
-2 letters: oot, opt, ort, pot, pro, rot, too, top, tor. | |
-3 letters: op, or, to. | |
| Words containing the letters "o-o-p-r-t" | |
+1 letter: pronto, proton, torpor, troops, uproot. | |
+2 letters: comport, dropout, foretop, gosport, outcrop, outdrop, outport, outpour, overtop, partook, patroon, poofter, poorest, portico, portion, proctor, promote, pronota, protons, provost, rolltop, rooftop, stooper, taproom, taproot, topwork, torpedo, torpors, towrope, trollop, trooped, trooper, uproots. | |
+3 letters: boltrope, comports, copastor, copatron, doorpost, doorstep, doorstop, dropouts, dropshot, dropwort, footrope, foretops, gosports, homeport, hoopster, hornpout, impostor, isotropy, moonport, operator, orthoepy, outcrops, outdrops, outgroup, outports, outpours, outpower, overplot, overtops, parotoid, patroons, pinkroot, pliotron, pokeroot, poltroon, poofters, poortith, porosity, porthole, porticos, portions, positron, postform, postoral, postriot, potatory, proctors, promoted, promoter, promotes, pronator, pronotum, proteose, protocol, protonic, protopod, protoxid, protozoa, provosts, pteropod, pulmotor, rooftops, soapwort, sorption, stolport, stoopers, stopover, taprooms, taproots, theropod, topcross, topworks, torpedos, towropes, trapdoor, trollops, trollopy, troopers, troopial, trooping, troponin, uprootal, uprooted, uprooter, wetproof. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Usage Frequency 7. Names: Frequency 8. Expressions | 9. Expressions: Internet 10. Translations: Modern 11. Derivations 12. Anagrams | 13. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
