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Definition: Protestant |
ProtestantAdjective1. (religion) of or relating to Protestants or Protestantism; "Protestant churches"; "a Protestant denomination". 2. Making a protest. Noun1. An adherent of Protestantism. 2. The Protestant churches and denominations collectively. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "Protestant" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1719. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Literature | Protestant One of the party who adhered to Luther at the Reformation. These Lutherans, in 1529, "protested" against the decree of Charles V. of Germany, and appealed from the Diet of Spires to a general council. A Protestant now means one of the Reformed Church. Protestant Pope. Clement XIV. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Protestantism (PRAH-tust-'unt-ism) in the strict sense of the word is the group of princes and imperial cities who, at the diet of Speyer in 1529, signed a protestation against the edict of Worms forbidding the Lutheran teachings in the whole empire. From there, the word Protestant in German speaking areas still refers to Lutheran churches in contrast to Reformed churches, while the common designation for all churches originating from the Reformation is Evangelical.
In a broader sense of the word, Protestantism is any of the Christian religious groups, of Western European origin, that broke with the Roman Catholic Church as a result of the influence of Martin Luther, founder of the Lutheran churches, and John Calvin, founder of the Calvinist movement. A third major branch of the Reformation, which encountered conflict with both the Catholics and other Protestants, is sometimes called the Radical Reformation, or Anabaptists. Some Western, non-Catholic, Christian groups are labeled as Protestant, even if the sect acknowledges no historical connection to Luther, Calvin, or the Anabaptists.
Origins of Protestantism
Protestants generally trace their separation from the Roman Catholic Church to the 1500's, which is sometimes called the magisterial Reformation because it initially proposed numerous radical revisions of the doctrinal standards of the Roman Catholic Church (called the magisterium). The protest erupted suddenly, in many places at once, with distinctive national characteristics in the various regions in which it arose. To some degree, this explosion of protest can be explained by the events of the previous two centuries in Western Europe.
Unrest in the Western Church and Empire, which culminated in the Avignon papacy (1308 - 1378), and then the papal schism (1378-1416), excited wars between princes, uprisings among the peasants, and widespread concern over corruption in the monastic system. In addition, the humanistic Renaissance was stimulating an unprecedented academic ferment, with a concomittant concern for academic freedom. Earnest theoretical debates were ongoing in the universities concerning the nature of the church, and the proper source and extent of the authority of the papacy, of councils, and of princes. One of the most disruptive and radical of the new perspectives came first from John Wyclif at Oxford and then from Jan Hus at the University of Prague. Within the Roman Catholic Church, this debate was officially concluded by the Council of Constance (1414-1418), which executed Jan Hus, and posthumously burned Wyclif as a heretic. However, while Constance confirmed and strengthened the Medieval conception of church and empire, it could not entirely resolve the national tensions, nor the theological tensions which had been stirred up during the previous century. Among other things, the council could not prevent schism and the Hussite Wars in Bohemia.
To some extent, the protest that began when Luther, an Augustinian monk and professor at the University of Wittenberg, called for reopening of debate on the sale of indulgences (or as tradition holds, literally nailed his 95 theses to the door of the Wittenberg Church), it was a sudden outbreak with new and irresistible force of discontent which had been pushed underground but not resolved.
Parallel to events in Germany, a movement began in Switzerland under the leadership of Huldreich Zwingli. These two movements quickly agreed on most issues, as the recently introduced Printing press spread ideas rapidly from place to place but some unsolved differences kept them separate. Some followers of Zwingli believed that the Reformation was too conservative, and moved independently toward more radical positions, some of which survive among modern day Anabaptists. Other Protestant movements grew up along lines of mysticism or humanism (cf. Erasmus), sometimes breaking from Rome or from the Protestants, or forming outside of the churches.
After this first stage of the Reformation, following the excommunication of Luther and condemnation of the Reformation by the Pope, the work and writings of John Calvin were influential in establishing a loose consensus among various groups in Switzerland, Scotland, Hungary, Germany and elsewhere. The separation of the Church of England from Rome under Henry VIII, beginning in 1529 and completed in 1536, brought England alongside the Reformation; but it proceeded there more conservatively than elsewhere in Europe, alternating between traditional and Protestant sympathies for centuries, progressively forging a stable compromise. Thus, the West was permanently divided into Catholic and Protestant.
Basic Theological Tenets
Four Latin slogans of the Protestant Reformation express the principal theological concerns. See also five solas.
Jesus Christ (God) is the only referent for adoration and worship. Some believe that Catholics worship saints as well, apparently from the prominent display of statues and images of the saints in Catholic churches and homes, but this belief is in error. Catholics honor saints, and worship God alone.
- Solus Christus: Jesus Christ alone.
Against the Catholic view which decided orthodoxy by interpretation of the writings of the Fathers and doctors of the church, through the decisions of councils and the declarations of the bishop of Rome, the Protestants argued that the Bible alone is the Word of God, self-interpreting, and the foundation and test of authority for the Church.
- Sola scriptura: Scripture alone.
In contrast to the Roman Catholic system of meritorious works, of penance and indulgences, masses for the dead, the treasury of the merits of saints and martyrs, a ministering priesthood, and purgatory, the Protestants argued that every believer is a priest, called to be saints, and obtaining reconciliation with God through faith in Jesus Christ, alone.
- Sola fide: Faith alone.
Against the Roman Catholic view that faith and works are necessary to preserve the state of grace freely given by God, the Reformers posited that salvation is a gift from God dispensed through Jesus Christ, regardless of merit - for no one deserves salvation.
- Sola gratia: Grace alone.
Lord's Supper
From the beginning, Protestantism was in agreement against the Roman Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation, which teaches that the substance of the bread and wine used in the sacrificial rite of the Mass, is exchanged for the substance of Christ's body and blood. However, they disagreed with one another concerning the manner in which the believer is united with Christ through the Eucharist. The Lutherans held to a theory called consubstantiation (affirming the substantial presence of Christ in or under the bread). The Reformed according to Zwingli see the Lord's Supper as a memorial ceremony, denying the substantial presence of Christ but affirming that Christ is united to the believer through faith (a view referred to somewhat derisively as memorialism). The Calvinists affirm the real presence of Christ in a manner different from Lutherans, saying that the Church has a new identity from Him in a manner analogous to naming the bread "my body", effecting a spiritual union with the Church, symbolized and given by means of the bread, by the Holy Spirit, through faith, but without changing the bread into Himself.
Major Influences on the Development of Protestantism
Protestants can be differentiated according to how they have been influenced by important movements since the magisterial Reformation and the Puritan Reformation in England. Some of these movements have a common lineage, sometimes directly spawning later movements in the same groups.
Holiness Movement and Pietism
The Holiness movement in the 17th and the 18th century, began after the English Puritan Reformation, joined on the continent of Europe the German Pietist movement, and returned to Britain in a changed form through John Wesley and the Methodist Church, as well as through smaller, new groups such as the Quakers. The practice of a spiritual life, often combined with social engagement, predominates in classical Pietism, which was a protest against the Protestant Orthodoxy of the times, which focused on strictly defined doctrines.
Evangelicalism
Beginning at the end of 18th century, several international revivals of Pietism took place across denominational lines, which are referred to generally as the Evangelical movement. The chief emphases of this movement were individual conversion, personal piety and Bible study, public morality often including Temperance and family values, and Abolitionism, de-emphasis of formalism in worship and in doctrine, a broadened role for laity (including women) in worship, evangelism and teaching, and cooperation in evangelism across denominational lines.
Liberalism
Liberalism is a label for various attempts to accommodate the doctrine and practice, especially of the main branches of the Protestant churches, to the principles of the Enlightenment. These adaptations achieved critical momentum at the end of the 19th century in the Modernist movement and the historical critical Bible exegesis.
Fundamentalism
In reaction to liberal Bible critique, Fundamentalism arose in the 20th century, primarily in the United States and Canada, among those denominations most affected by Evangelicalism. Fundamentalism placed primary emphasis on the authority and sufficiency of the Bible, and typically advised separation from error, and cultural conservatism, as important aspects of the Christian life.
Neo-Evangelicalism
Neo-evangelicalism is a movement from the middle of the 20th century, that reacted to perceived excesses of Fundamentalism, adding to concern for biblical authority an emphasis on liberal arts, co-operation among churches, Christian Apologetics, and non-denominational evangelization.
Protestant Denominations
Protestants often refer to specific Protestant churches and groups as denominations to imply that they are differently named parts of the whole church. Some denominations, though, are less accepting of others, and some are so unorthodox as to be questioned by most. But there are also denominations where the theological differences are very small. Other denominations are simply regional expressions of the same beliefs found in other places under other names. The actual number of distinct denominations is hard to calculate, but has been estimated to be in the tens of thousands. Various ecumenical movements have attempted cooperation or reorganization of Protestant churches, according to various models of union, but divisions continue to outpace unions. Most denominations claim to have a certain unity with other groups of Christians, but contain doctrines which fundamentally contradict each other.
Protestant Families of Denominations
Please note that only general families are listed here (tens of thousands of individual denominations exist):
- Anabaptist
- Anglican
- Baptist
- Calvinist/Reformed/Presbyterian
- Lutheran
- Methodist
- Pentecostal
- Unitarian
Well-known Protestant Religious Figures
- John Wesley, founder of the Methodist movement
- Billy Graham, American evangelist
- Jerry Falwell, American religious/political activist
- Desmond Tutu, Anglican Archbishop of Capetown, peace activist
- Auguste Sabatier, founder of the French fideo-symbolist tendency and of the Institut de Théologie Protestante [ITP], in Paris (1872)
- Paul Tillich, Lutheran theologian, involved in Process Theology
- John B. Cobb, theologian, involved in Process Theology
- Martin Luther, founded of Lutheranism
- Ulrich Zwingli, early Swiss religious reformer
- John Calvin, founder of Calvinism
- Philipp Melanchthon, early Lutheran leader
- John Knox, Scottish reformer
- William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury under Charles I of England
- George Fox, Founder of the Society of Friends
- George Whitefield, Great Awakening reformist preacher
- Jonathan Edwards, Great Awakening reformist preacher
- Menno Simons, founder of Mennonitism
- Jacob Amman, founder of the Amish church
- Pat Robertson, American fundamentalist leader
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Protestantism."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| PRS | English | Protestant Reformation Society | Religion & Philosophy |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonym: ProtestantSynonym: protesting(a) (adj). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Dissent | Dissentient, dissenter; non-juror, non-content, nonconformist; sectary, separatist, recusant, schismatic, protestant, heretic. |
Adjective: dissenting; v; negative; dissident, dissentient; unconsenting; (refusing); non-content, nonjuring; protestant, recusant; unconvinced, unconverted. | |
Heterodoxy | Protestant; Huguenot; orthodox dissenter, Congregationalist, Independent; Episcopalian, Presbyterian; Lutheran, Calvinist, Methodist, Wesleyan; Ana, Baptist; Mormon, Latter-day Saint, Irvingite, Sandemanian, Glassite, Erastian; Sublapsarian, Supralapsarian; Gentoo, Antinomian, Swedenborgian; Adventist, Bible Christian, Bryanite, Brownian, Christian Scientist, Dunker, Ebionite, Eusebian; Faith Curer, Curist; Familist, Jovinianist, Libadist, Quaker, Shaker, Stundist, Tunker; ultramontane; Anglican, Oxford School; tractarian, Puseyite, ritualist; Puritan. |
Judaical, Mohammedan, Brahminical, Buddhist;Noun: Romish, Protestant;n. | |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | He's already done the Protestant circuit (Igby Goes Down; writing credit: Burr Steers) I am no more afraid of the Grim Reaper than a protestant on Mother's Day. (The Life of David Gale; writing credit: Charles Randolph) Spoken like a true Protestant. (Hannibal; writing credit: David Mamet) It is a pity that the race will now be won by a Protestant. (Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines, or How I Flew from London to Paris in 25 hours 11 minutes; writing credit: Ken Annakin; Jack Davies) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Exterior of protestant church in Logan, Utah. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Protestant Episcopal Bishop and clergy. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Christmas card--A gift to the members of the Foreign Missionary Box Association of the Protestant Episcopal Church. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Protestant Hospital, Columbus, O[hio]. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Protestant Dutch Reformed Church, Kingston, N.Y. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Theological Seminary [i.e. Protestant Episcopal Theological Seminary], Alexandria, Va. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Reformed Protestant Dutch Church, Albany, N.Y. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Overseas forces observe sabbath with prayer. Chinese choir at Protestant service. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | St. George's Protestant Episcopal Church, Rumson, New Jersey. Canterbury Hall. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "Protestant Church" by Tina Lorien Commentary: "It was too cold to go out - today ;-)." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Author | Quotation |
Thomas Carlyle | The three great elements of modern civilization, Gun powder, Printing, and the Protestant religion. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | The blackest protestant in the land would not speak the language I have heard this evening |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Government officials have noted a rise in Protestant worshipers in the past year, but have not revised statistics to reflect this upward trend. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | United Kingdom | In Northern Ireland the annual "marching season" poses significant problems for the Government: Local residents in some communities perceive the parades as the celebration of Protestant "triumphs" in historical battles. (references) |
China | However, the Government continued and in some areas intensified a national campaign to enforce State Council regulations and provincial regulations that require all places of worship to register with either government religious affairs bureaus or to come under the supervision of official "patriotic" religious organizations, affiliated with either the Catholic Patriotic Association or the (Protestant) Three-Self Patriotic Movement/Chinese Christian Council to operate legally. (references) | |
Nepal | Such a case was filed with the Supreme Court against the Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) and the United Missions to Nepal, an umbrella Protestant NGO, in December 1999. The case still was pending at year's end. (references) | |
Economic History | Vietnam | These protests stemmed from the impact of falling commodity prices on the local economy, land disputes and discriminatory treatment related to tensions between Vietnamese of the Kinh ethnic majority and the minority groups that have traditionally occupied these areas, corruption and heavy-handedness by local government officials, and restrictions on religious freedom aimed at Protestant churches popular among many of Vietnam's ethnic minorities. (references) |
Kazakhstan | Religion: 47% Sunni Muslim, 44% Russian Orthodox, 2%, Protestant, 7% other. (references) | |
Brazil | About 80% of all Brazilians belong to the Roman Catholic Church; most others are Protestant or follow practices derived from African religions. (references) | |
Human Rights | Pakistan | On October 28, three assailants shot and killed a police officer on guard outside of St. Dominic's church in Bahawalpur during Protestant services at the church; they then entered the church, closed its doors, and began firing into the congregation. (references) |
Vietnam | Several sources report that on March 10, up to 300 villagers who had gathered in a Protestant church in Plei Lau village of Phu Nhon district clashed with up to 700 police officers and soldiers who used tear gas and electric prods to disperse the crowd. (references) | |
Minorities | East Timor | At times Protestants also have been harassed; however, during the year, there were no further attacks on Protestant churches such as those that occurred in June 2000, in Aileu district. (references) |
Political Economy | China | In some areas, authorities guided by national policy made strong efforts to control the activities of unapproved Catholic and Protestant churches; religious services were broken up and church leaders or adherents were harassed, and, at times, fined, detained, beaten, and tortured. (references) |
Vietnam | In April the Government bestowed official recognition on a Protestant organization in the southern part of the country. (references) | |
China | Unapproved religious groups, including Protestant and Catholic groups and members of nontraditional religious groups, continued to experience varying degrees of official interference, harassment, and repression. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | SACRAMENT, n. A solemn religious ceremony to which several degrees of authority and significance are attached. Rome has seven sacraments, but the Protestant churches, being less prosperous, feel that they can afford only two, and these of inferior sanctity. Some of the smaller sects have no sacraments at all -- for which mean economy they will indubitable be damned. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Protestant" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 84.64% of the time. "Protestant" is used about 728 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 84.64% | 616 | 10,478 |
| Noun (singular) | 13.58% | 99 | 32,870 |
| Noun (proper) | 1.78% | 13 | 97,576 |
| Total | 100.00% | 728 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "Protestant": protestant church ♦ protestant deacon ♦ protestant denomination ♦ protestant Episcopal Church ♦ protestingprenominal protestant. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "Protestant": protestant-catholic, protestant-dominated, protestant-educated, protestant-led. | |
Ending with "Protestant": anti-protestant. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "Protestant"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | protestues (remonstrant), protestant. (various references) | |
Arabic | محتج (plaintive, sorehead), معترض (objector, protester), المحتج, البروتستانت, بروتستانتي (reformed). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | човек който протестира, протестантски, протестант. (various references) | |
Chinese | 新教徒, 新教 . (various references) | |
Czech | protestant. (various references) | |
Dutch | protestants. (various references) | |
Esperanto | protestanto, protestanta. (various references) | |
Farsi | عضوفرقه مسیحیان پروتستان . (various references) | |
Finnish | protestanttinen. (various references) | |
French | protestant (protesting). (various references) | |
German | evangelisch (evangelic, evangelical), protestant. (various references) | |
Greek | προτεστάντησ, Διαμαρτυρόμενος, διαμαρτυρόμενοσ. (various references) | |
Hungarian | protestáns (consistory, evangelical, holy rollers, reformed), tiltakozó (expostulatory, objector, protester, protestor, recriminative, recriminatory, remonstrance, remonstrant). (various references) | |
Italian | protestante. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | プロセス制御 (plot, plotter, process control, processing, processor, product, product ad, product design, product life cycle, product manager, product planning, product protection, production, production control, production team, products, propjet, protect, protected, protection, protector, protein, Protestantism). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | プロテスタント . (various references) | |
Manx | protestoonagh, prostanagh. (various references) | |
Papiamen | protestant. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | otestantpray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | protestante (reformed), protestador, reclamante (claimant). (various references) | |
Romanian | protestant, evanghelic (evangelic, evangelical, gospel). (various references) | |
Russian | протестантский, протестант протестантский, протестант. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | protestantski, protestant. (various references) | |
Spanish | protestante (remonstrant). (various references) | |
Swedish | protestant. (various references) | |
Turkish | protestan (orangeman, reformed). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | протестуючий, протестантський (evangelic), протестант. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | phản kháng (deprecative, protestingly), phản đối (deprecative, disapprobative, disapprobatory, dissident, negative, opponent, oppositional, protestingly), người phản kháng (protester, protestor), người phản đối (antagonist, objector, protester, protestor). (various references) | |
Welsh | Protestant, Protestannaidd. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "Protestant": protestants. (additional references) | |
| |
"Protestant" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: protastant, protectant, Protestante, protestatn, protesten, protestent, protista, protistant, protostant. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "Protestant" (pronounced prÄ"tustunt) |
| 5 | -s t u n t | assistant, consistent, constant, contestant, decongestant, distant, existent, extant, inconsistent, insistent, instant, nonexistent, persistent, resistant. |
| 4 | -t u n t | accountant, adjutant, blatant, combatant, competent, concomitant, consultant, important, impotent, inadvertent, disinfectant, exorbitant, expectant, exultant, hesitant, incompetent, inhabitant, intermittent, irritant, latent, militant, mutant, noncombatant, omnipotent, patent, penitent, pollutant, potent, reluctant, repentant, resultant, surfactant, unimportant, unrepentant. |
| 3 | -u n t | agent, aggrandizement, agreement, ailment, alignment, allotment, amazement, ambient, ambivalent, amendment, amusement, ancient, announcement, annulment, antecedent, antidepressant, antigovernment, antioxidant, apartment, apparent, appeasement, applicant, appointment, apportionment, ardent, argent, argument, armament, arraignment, arrangement, arrant, arrogant, absent, absorbent, abstinent, abundant, accelerant, accident, accompaniment, accomplishment, abandonment, abatement, aberrant, abhorrent, abortifacient, accouterment, achievement, acknowledgement, acknowledgment, adamant, adherent, adjacent, adjournment, adjustment, adolescent, adornment, advancement, advertisement, advisement, afferent, affiant, affluent, ascendant, aspirant, assailant, assessment, assignment, assortment, astonishment, astringent, atonement, attachment, attainment, attendant, banishment, basement, battlement, belligerent, bemusement, beneficent, benevolent, bereavement, betterment, bewilderment, blandishment, bombardment, brilliant, buoyant, celebrant, claimant, clairvoyant, Clement, client, coefficient, cogent, cognizant, coherent, coincident, commandment, commencement, commitment, compartment, complacent, complainant, complaisant, complement, compliant, component, comportment, concealment, concurrent, condiment, confident, confinement, confluent, consequent, consignment, consonant, constituent, containment, contaminant, contentment, continent, contingent, convalescent, convenient, convent, convergent, conversant, coolant, copayment, corespondent, cormorant, correspondent, Courant, covenant, Crescent, crosscurrent, current, curtailment, ignorant, immanent, immigrant, imminent, impairment, impatient, impeachment, impediment, impertinent, implement, impoundment, impoverishment, impressment, imprisonment, improvement, imprudent, incandescent, debarment, debasement, decadent, decedent, decent, declarant, defendant, deferment, defiant, deficient, defoliant, delinquent, deodorant, department, dependent, deployment, deportment, depressant, derailment, descendant, descendent, despondent, detachment, detergent, determent, determinant, deterrent, detriment, development, deviant, different, diligent, diminishment, disagreement, disappointment, disarmament, disbarment, disbursement, discernment, discordant, discouragement, disenchantment, disenfranchisement, disengagement, disestablishment, disgruntlement, disillusionment, disinvestment, dismantlement, dismemberment, disobedient, dispersant, displacement, dissident, dissonant, divalent, divergent, divestment, docent, dominant, dormant, easement, ebullient, efferent, effervescent, efficient, effluent, elegant, element, elephant, eloquent, embankment, embarrassment, embayment, embellishment, embezzlement, embodiment, emergent, emigrant, eminent, emplacement, employment, empowerment, enactment, encampment, enchantment, encirclement, encouragement, encroachment, endangerment, endearment, endorsement, endowment, enforcement, engagement, enhancement, enjoyment, enlargement, enlightenment, enlistment, enrichment, enrollment, enslavement, entanglement, entertainment, enticement, entitlement, entombment, entrant, entrapment, entrenchment, environment, equipment, equivalent, errant, escapement, escarpment, esculent, establishment, estrangement, evanescent, evident, excellent, excitement, excrement, exigent, expectorant, expedient, experiment, exponent, extinguishment, extravagant, exuberant, Fabricant, fervent, figment, filament, flagrant, flamboyant, flatulent, flippant, fluent, fluorescent, formant, fragment, fragrant, fraudulent, frequent, fulfillment, gallant, garment, garnishment, giant, government, grandiloquent, grandparent, harassment, hydrant, incessant, incident, incipient, incitement, inclement, incoherent, incontinent, inconvenient, increment, incumbent, indecent, independent, indictment, indifferent, indigent, indignant, indolent, inducement, indulgent, inefficient, infant, informant, infotainment, infrequent, infringement, ingredient, inhalant, inherent, innocent, inpatient, insignificant, insolent, insolvent, installment, instrument, insufficient, insurgent, integument, intelligent, intercurrent, interdependent, internment, intersegment, intolerant, intransigent, invariant, investment, involvement, iridescent, irrelevant, irreverent, itinerant, jubilant, judgement, judgment, leant, lenient, lieutenant, ligament, litigant, lubricant, lucent, luminescent, luxuriant, magnificent, malevolent, malignant, maltreatment, management, measurement, merchant, micromanagement, migrant, miscreant, misgovernment, misjudgment, mismanagement, misstatement, mistreatment, moment, monovalent, monument, mordant, movement, nascent, negligent, nongovernment, nonmanagement, nonpayment, nonresident, nonviolent, nourishment, nutrient, obedient, observant, obsolescent, occupant, odorant, ointment, omnipresent, omniscient, operant, opponent, opulent, ornament, orpiment, outpatient, outplacement, overconfident, overpayment, overstatement, oxidant, pageant, parchment, parent, parliament, participant, patient, pavement, payment, peasant, penchant, pendant, pennant, percipient, permanent, pertinent, petulant, pheasant, pigment, piquant, placement, pleasant, pliant, poignant, postponement, postretirement, preadolescent, precedent, predicament, predominant, preeminent, pregnant, prejudgment, prepayment, prescient, present, presentment, prevalent, procurement, proficient, prominent, pronouncement, propellant, proponent, provident, prudent, prurient, pungent, punishment, pursuant, puzzlement, quadrant, quiescent, quotient, radiant, rampant, readjustment, reagent, realignment, reappointment, reapportionment, rearmament, rearrangement, reassessment, reassignment, recalcitrant, recent, recipient, recombinant, recruitment, recurrent, redeployment, redevelopment, redundant, reemployment, reenactment, refinement, refreshment, refrigerant, refurbishment, Regent, regiment, registrant, reimbursement, reinforcement, reinstatement, reinvestment, relevant, reliant, reminiscent, remnant, repayment, repellent, replacement, replenishment, repugnant, requirement, resentment, resettlement, resident, resilient, resonant, resplendent, respondent, restatement, resurgent, retardant, reticent, retirement, retrenchment, reverent, rodent, rudiment, ruminant, sacrament, salient, seafront, sealant, sediment, segment, semipermanent, sentiment, Sequent, sergeant, serpent, servant, settlement, shipment, significant, silent, solvent, somnolent, stagnant, statement, stimulant, strident, stringent, student, subcontinent, subsequent, subservient, succulent, sufficient, supergiant, superintendent, supplement, supplicant, suppressant, talent, tangent, temperament, tenant, tenement, testament, tetravalent, tolerant, torrent, tournament, transcendent, transient, translucent, transparent, treatment, trenchant, trident, triumphant, truant, truculent, tumescent, turbulent, tyrant, undercurrent, underdevelopment, underemployment, undergarment, underpayment, understatement, unemployment, unpleasant, urgent, vacant, vagrant, valiant, variant, vehement, verdant, vibrant, vigilant, violent, virulent, warrant, wonderment. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-n-o-p-r-s-t-t-t" | |
-1 letter: patentors. | |
-2 letters: attestor, operants, patentor, patterns, portents, pronates, prostate, proteans, testator, transept, trapnest. | |
-3 letters: arpents, atoners, attorns, entraps, esparto, natters, notates, operant, parents, partons, pastern, patents, patrons, pattens, pattern, patters, persona, portent, postern, potters, pronate, protean, proteas, protest, rattens, rattons, reptant, rotates, seaport, senator, spatter, spotter, stentor, stretta, stretto, tapster, tarpons, tartest, tatters. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-n-o-p-r-s-t-t-t" | |
+1 letter: protectants, protestants. | |
+2 letters: potentiators, protestation. | |
+3 letters: posttreatment, protestations. | |
+4 letters: teleportations. | |
+5 letters: cryoprotectants, interpretations, prettifications. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Fiction 11. Quotations: Non-fiction 12. Usage Frequency | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Abbreviations | 17. Acronyms 18. Derivations 19. Rhymes 20. Anagrams | 21. Bibliography |
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