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Definition: Proof |
ProofAdjective1. (used in combination or as a suffix) able to withstand; "temptation-proof"; "childproof locks". Noun1. Any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something; "if you have any proof for what you say, now is the time to produce it". 2. (logic or mathematics) a formal series of statements showing that if one thing is true something else necessarily follows from it. 3. A measure of alcoholic strength expressed as an integer twice the percentage of alcohol present (by volume). 4. (printing) a trial impression made to check for errors. 5. A trial photographic print from a negative. 6. The act of validating; finding or testing the truth of something. Verb1. Make or take a proof of, such as a photographic negative, an etching, or typeset. 2. Read for errors. 3. Activate by mixing with water and sometimes sugar or milk; "proof yeast". 4. Make resistant, as to water, sound, errors, etc. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "proof" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references) |
Etymology: Proof \Proof\, noun. [Old French prove, proeve, French preuve, from Latin proba, from probare to prove. See Prove.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Satire | PROOF, n. Evidence having a shade more of plausibility than of unlikelihood. The testimony of two credible witnesses as opposed to that of only one. PROOF-:READER:, n. A malefactor who atones for making your writing nonsense by permitting the compositor to make it unintelligible. Source: Devil's Dictionary. |
Computing | Proof 1. |
General | Final proof copy for approval before printing. Source: European Union. (references) |
Literature | Proof A printed sheet to be examined and approved before it is finally printed. The first proof is that which contains all the workman's errors; when these are corrected the impression next taken is called a clean proof and is submitted to the author; the final impression, which is corrected by the reader ad unguem, is termed the press proof. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Publishing & Graphic Arts | An impression(a single print)taken for control and corrections. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Alcoholic proof is a measure of how much ethanol, or "grain alcohol," is in an alcoholic beverage. The proof number is twice the percentage of the alcohol content measured by volume. Therefore if a liquor is labeled "80 proof," it is 40% alcohol, by volume, and most of the other 60% is water. If you mix 180 proof whiskey half-and-half with water, your drink is 90 proof.
This system dates back to when spirits were graded with gunpowder, a solution of water and alcohol "proved" itself when it would ignite a pinch of gunpowder and was defined as 100 degrees "proof" (100°). This has since been found to actually be at 57.15% ethanol, but the American system was later changed when gunpowder was no longer used for testing and laboratory tests replaced it. (Note: The British proof system is still based on original definition.)
Alcohol is produced by yeast during the process of fermentation (and the other product of fermentation is carbon dioxide, which is the gas that can make beer bottles explode or blow their tops off). The amount of alcohol in the finished liquid depends on how much sugar there was at the beginning for the yeast to convert into alcohol. In beer, the alcohol is generally 3% to 12% (6 to 24 proof) and usually about 4% to 6% (8 to 12 proof). Depending on the strain of yeast, wines top out at about 14% to 16% (28 to 32 proof), because that's the point in the fermentation process where the alcohol concentration kills the yeast. Interestingly, very few microorganisms can live in alcoholic solutions. The main three are yeast, Brettanomyces, and Acetobacter. In what is essentially disinfection, yeast keeps multiplying as long as there is sugar to "eat", gradually increasing the alcoholic content of the solution and killing off all other microorganisms, and eventually themselves. There are "fortified" wines with a higher alcohol concentration than that because stronger alcohol has been mixed with them.
Stronger liquors are distilled after fermentation is complete, to separate the alcoholic liquid from the remains of the grain, fruit, or whatever it was made from. The idea of distillation is that when you heat a mixture of liquids, the one with the lowest boiling point will evaporate (or "boil off") first, and then the one with the next lowest boiling point, and so on. The catch is that water and alcohol form a mixture (called an azeotrope) that has a lower boiling point than either one of them, so what distills off first is that mixture that is 95% alcohol and 5% water. Thus a distilled liquor can't be stronger than 95% (190 proof); there are other techniques for separating liquids that can produce 100% ethanol (or "absolute alcohol"), but they are used only for scientific or industrial purposes. 100% ethanol doesn't stay 100% for very long, because it absorbs water out of the atmosphere.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Alcoholic proof."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In mathematics, a proof is a demonstration that, given certain axioms, some statement of interest is necessarily true.
Proofs employ logic but usually include some amount of natural language which of course admits some ambiguity. In the context of proof theory, where purely formal proofs are considered, such not entirely formal demonstrations are called "social proofs". The distinction has led to much examination of current and historical mathematical practice, quasi-empiricism in mathematics, and so-called folk mathematics (in both senses of that term). The philosophy of mathematics is concerned with the role of language and logic in proofs, and mathematics as a language.
Regardless of one's attitude to formalism, the result that is proved to be true is a theorem; in a completely formal proof it would be the final line, and the complete proof shows how it follows from the axioms alone. Once a theorem is proved, it can be used as the basis to prove further statements. The so-called foundations of mathematics are those statements one cannot, or need not, prove. These were once the primary study of philosophers of mathematics. Today focus is more on practice, i.e. acceptable techniques.
Some common proof techniques are:
A probabilistic proof should mean a proof in which an example is shown to exist by methods of probability theory - not an argument that a theorem is 'probably' true. The latter type of reasoning can be called a 'plausibility argument'; in the case of the Collatz conjecture it is clear how far that is from a genuine proof. Probabilistic proof is one of many ways to show existence theorems, other than proof by construction.
- Direct proof: where the conclusion is established by logically combining the axioms, definitions and earlier theorems
- Proof by induction: where a base case is proved, and an induction rule used to prove an (often infinite) series of other cases
- Proof by contradiction: where it is shown that if some property were true, a logical contradiction occurs, hence the property must be false.
- Proof by construction: constructing a concrete example with a property to show that something having that property exists.
- Proof by exhaustion: where the conclusion is established by dividing it into a finite number of cases and proving each one separately
If we are trying to prove, for example, "Some X satisfies f(X)", an existence or nonconstructive proof will prove that there is a X that satisfies f(X), but does not tell you how such an X will be obtained. A constructive proof, conversely, will do so.
A statement which is thought to be true but hasn't been proven yet is known as a conjecture.
Sometimes it is possible to prove that a certain statement cannot possibly be proven from a given set of axioms; see for instance the continuum hypothesis. In most axiom systems, there are statements which can neither be proven nor disproven; see Gödel's incompleteness theorem.
See also:
- proof theory
- model theory
- automated theorem proving
- invalid proof
- nonconstructive proof
- list of mathematical proofs
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mathematical proof."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
simple:ProofThe word proof can mean:
- originally, a test assessing the validity or quality of something.
- a rigorous, compelling argument, including:
- a logical argument or a mathematical proof (see also proof theory)
- a legal proof
- a large accumulation of scientific evidence
- a photograph, print or page layout presented as an example for proofreading or approval
- alcoholic proof, a measure of how much alcohol is in a beverage
- Proof, a play by David Auburn
- Proof, a film by Jocelyn Moorhouse
- a Proof coin is a coin made especially for coin collectors, usually distinguished by being struck twice (or at a higher pressure) and often with polished fields and frosted devices.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Proof."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Proof is a play by David Auburn which won the 2001 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and the 2001 Tony Award for Best Play.It concerns the daughter of a recently-deceased professor of mathematics at the University of Chicago and her struggle with mathematical genius and mental illness. The daughter had cared for her father through a lengthy mental illness; upon his death, a paradigm-shifting proof was found in his office. The title refers both to that proof and to the play's central question: Can the daughter prove the proof's authorship?
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Proof (play)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Proof coins are created especially for coin collectors. Modern US proof coins have polished fields and frosty devices. Several methods of proof production have been used in the past including sand blasting (the dies, not the coins), and matte proofs. Proof coins of the early 1800s even appear to be scratched, but it was part of the production process.Most proof coins are double struck. This does not normally result in doubling that is readily observable, but does result in the devices being struck fully.
See also Commemorative Coins
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Proof coinage."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In the third century BC, Euclid proved the existence of infinitely many prime numbers. In the 18th century, Leonhard Euler proved a stronger statement: the sum of the reciprocals of all prime numbers diverges to infinity. A proof by contradiction follows.Assume that the sum of the reciprocals of the primes converges:
Define as the ith prime number. We have:
There exists a positive integer i such that:
Define N(x) as the number of positive integers n not exceeding x and not divisible by a prime other than the first i ones. Let us write this n as with k square-free (which can be done with any integer). Since there are only i primes which could divide k, there are at most choices for k. Together with the fact that there are at most possible values for m, this gives us:
The number of positive integers not exceeding x and divisible by a prime other than the first i ones is equal to x - N(x).
Since the number of integers not exceeding x and divisible by p is at most x/p, we get:
or:
But this is impossible for all x larger than (or equal to) .
Q.E.D
Here is another proof that actually gives an estimate for the sum; in particular, it shows that the sum grows at least as large as ln ln n. The proof is an adaptation of the product expansion idea of Euler. In the following, a sum or product taken over p always represents a sum or product taken over a specified set of primes.
The proof rests upon the following facts:
- Every positive integer n can be expressed as the product of a square-free integer and a square. This gives the inequality
The product corresponds to the square-free part of n and the sum corresponds to the square part of n. (See fundamental theorem of arithmetic.)
- The inequality
which can be obtained by considering approximating rectangles in the integral definition of ln n. (See natural logarithm.)
- The inequality 1 + x < exp(x), which holds for all x > 0. (See exponential.)
- The identity
Actually, the exact sum is not necessary; we just need to know that the sum converges, and this can be shown using the p-test for series. (See series.)
Combining all these facts, we see that
Dividing through by π2/6 and taking the natural log of both sides gives
∎
External Link
- Chris K. Caldwell: "There are infinitely many primes, but, how big of an infinity?", http://www.utm.edu/research/primes/infinity.shtml
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Proof that the sum of the reciprocals of the primes diverges."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
PROOF | English | Primary rate ISDN-OSI office facilities | Computing |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: ProofSynonyms: proof(p) (adj), cogent evidence (n), test copy (n), validation (n), proofread (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Demonstration | Noun: {ant. } demonstration, proof, rigorous proof; conclusiveness; Adjective: apodeixis, apodixis, probation, comprobation. |
Evidence | Oral evidence, documentary evidence, hearsay evidence, external evidence, extrinsic evidence, internal evidence, intrinsic evidence, circumstantial evidence, cumulative evidence, ex parte evidence, presumptive evidence, collateral evidence, constructive evidence; proof; (demonstration); evidence in chief. |
Experiment | Verification, probation, experimentum crucis, proof, (demonstration); criterion, diagnostic, test, probe, crucial test, acid test, litmus test. |
Hardness | Adjective: hard, rigid, stubborn, stiff, firm; starch, starched; stark, unbending, unlimber, unyielding; inflexible, tense; indurate, indurated; gritty, proof. |
Indication | Exposition; (explanation), proof; (evidence); pattern; (prototype). |
Physical Insensibility | Adjective: insensible, unfeeling, senseless, impercipient, callous, thick-skinned, pachydermatous; hard, hardened; case hardened; proof, obtuse, dull; anaesthetic; comatose, paralytic, palsied, numb, dead. |
Plan | Sketch, skeleton, outline, draught, draft, ebauche, brouillon; rough cast, rough draft, draught copy; copy; proof, revise. |
Printing | Folio; (book); copy, impression, pull, proof, revise; author's proof, galley proof, press proof; press revise. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Proof |
| English words defined with "proof": Artist's proof ♦ Foul proof, foundry proof ♦ galley proof ♦ India proof ♦ logical proof ♦ mathematical proof ♦ Proof sheet, Proof spirit ♦ Skeleton proof. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "proof": flat proof ♦ Lightning Proof ♦ probabilistically checkable proof, proof clerk, proof gallion, proof in solemn form, Proof Prints, proof theory ♦ rough proof ♦ SCANDAL PROOF. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "proof": Semiproof. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I need some kind of proof, some kind of verifiable, empirical data (A Beautiful Mind; writing credit: Akiva Goldsman) I had an experience, I can't proof and can't explain, but everything that I know as a human being, tells me that it was real (Contact; writing credit: Carl Sagan;) That's pretty flimsy proof. (City of Angels; writing credit: Dana Stevens. Based on the screenplay for the 1997 film 'Der Himmel über Berlin') You don't need proof when you have instinct (Reservoir Dogs; writing credit: Quentin Tarantino) Living proof that dinosaurs once roamed the Earth (The Emperor's New Groove; writing credit: Chris Williams; Mark Dindal) | |
Lyrics | My possessions are causing me suspicion but there's no proof (Don't Dream It's Over; performing artist: Crowded House) But I can't offer you proof (Shake Your Love; performing artist: Debbie Gibson) And I don't need any other proof (Everybody's Talkin My Baby Down; performing artist: Dion) If so, there goes your proof (Is She Really Going Out With Him?; performing artist: Joe Jackson) Denied the proof (Wishing I Was There; performing artist: Natalie Imbruglia) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Crush Proof (1972) The Loch Ness Monster: Proof at Last! (1936) Under Proof (1936) Fire Proof (1929) Scandal Proof (1925) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | XV-15 proof of concept vehicle. Credit: NASA. |  | U.S. Army Evacuation Hospital No. 1, Sebastopol, France. : Bomb proof for protection of patients during air raids. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | Last Night, These Men Slept With Each Other And A Hundred More Without Knowing It. : Use Condoms. There's Living Proof They Stop AIDS. / Photography by Barbara Talbott. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Proof positive. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Proof for bank note vignette of men harpooning whale] / Rawdon, Wright, Hatch and Edson, New York. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Chas. E. Davis, Warner Bros. cameraman, inside the new sound proof camera booth which is part of the equipment involved in making synchronization of film and sound ... Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | One last checkup. One last checkup is being given these Garand Rifles, following proof firing activity at an eastern armory. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | National Bank of New Jersey, 390 George St., New Brunswick, New Jersey. Two proof machines. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Corydon M. Johnson Co., Bethpage, Long Island. Proof reading. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Copyright and photo credits for Horydczak negatives. Text: proof Horydczak photo. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Auguste Comte | The universe displays no proof of an all-directing mind. |
Benjamin Franklin | The proof of gold is fire... |
Francois De La Rochefoucauld | Moderation is an ostentatious proof of our strength of character. |
Joyce Brothers | The best proof of love is trust. |
Luther | Allegories are fine ornaments and good illustrations, but not proof. |
Napoleon Bonaparte | The great proof of madness is the disproportion of one's designs to one's means. |
Ralph Waldo Emerson | Fame is proof that the people are gullible. |
| It the proof of high culture to say the greatest matters in the simplest way. | |
Virgil | Fear is proof of a degenerate mind. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Magna Carta | 1215 | Neither we nor our bailiffs will seize any land or rent for any debt, as long as the chattels of the debtor are sufficient to repay the debt; nor shall the sureties of the debtor be distrained so long as the principal debtor is able to satisfy the debt; and if the principal debtor shall fail to pay the debt, having nothing wherewith to pay it, then the sureties shall answer for the debt; and let them have the lands and rents of the debtor, if they desire them, until they are indemnified for the debt which they have paid for him, unless the principal debtor can show proof that he is discharged thereof as against the said sureties. (reference) |
John Locke | 1690 | All which seems no more than that duty, which God and nature has laid on man, as well as other creatures, to preserve their offspring, till they can be able to shift for themselves, and will scarce amount to an instance or proof of parents regal authority. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | It will establish rules relating to methods of proof of claims. (reference) |
John F. Kennedy | 1961 | So let us begin anew--remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
The Little Prince | Antoine de Saint-Exupery | The proof that the little prince existed is that he laughed, and tha the was looking for a sheep |
Emma | Austen, Jane | Two months must bring it to the proof. |
Tangled Tale | Carroll, Lewis | It is an excellent synthetical proof, but lacks the analysis which the other four supply |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | She was held a prisoner, but there was no proof against her lover |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | Frequent and violent temptations were a proof that the citadel of the soul had not fallen and that the devil raged to make it fall |
The Wonderful Wizard of Oz | L. Frank Baum | asked the Tin Woodman. "That is proof that he is sharp," remarked the Lion |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | No way of thinking or doing, however ancient, can be trusted without proof. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | There is little, if any, proof for these claims. (references) | |
So far, however, no research has provided conclusive proof that a toxin is the cause of the disease. (references) | ||
To date there is no definite, scientific proof that any vaccine or combination of vaccines can cause autism. (references) | ||
Business | For homeopathic medicinal products, no proof of effectiveness is necessary. (references) | |
Owning a passenger car with a large engine, is considered by the Greek IRS equivalent as proof that you have a large income. (references) | ||
A letter from the local Chamber of Commerce is sufficient proof and the importer should present it at the time of importation. (references) | ||
Children | Belize | It requires parents to maintain and support children until they reach the age of 18, compared with the previous law's mandate of support until the age of 16. The law also accepts DNA testing as legal proof of paternity and maternity. (references) |
Civil Liberties | Greece | In April Parliament passed a new immigration bill, and in June the Government launched its second campaign to legalize all immigrants who fulfill the requirements of the law (proof of residence in Greece from before June 2, 2000). Legislative amendments, the decentralized registration process, and improved services for applicants such as a help line run by the Ministry of Interior, made the process more successful than the Government's first effort in 1998. Over 350,000 illegal migrants applied during this second legalization process. (references) |
Bangladesh | According to the Act, a citizen must prove why he or she needs information before the Government will provide it. By placing the burden of proof on the citizen, the Official Secrets Act protects corrupt government officials from public scrutiny, hindering transparency and accountability of government at all levels. (references) | |
Economic History | Austria | Information about which businesses require proof of proficiency is available from the Economic Chamber of the province where the business will be operated (for Vienna, that is the Wirtschaftskammer Wien). (references) |
Venezuela | Certification issued by the Venezuelan Agricultural Board of Trade, BOLPRIAVEN, is now mandatory to demonstrate proof of grain purchases. (references) | |
Venezuela | Proof of domestic sorghum purchases is required in order to obtain corn import permits. (references) | |
Human Rights | Honduras | In May the Ministry of Security received congressional authority to fire security officials and agents without needing to provide proof of incompetent, corrupt, or abusive behavior. (references) |
Pakistan | However, such proof may be little more than unsubstantiated assertions by the police. (references) | |
Pakistan | If the police can provide material proof that detention (physical remand or police custody for the purpose of interrogation) is necessary for an investigation, a court may extend detention for a total of 14 days. (references) | |
Minorities | Korea | Except in cases of naturalization, citizenship is based on parentage, not place of birth, and persons must show their family genealogy as proof of citizenship. (references) |
Political Economy | AUSTRIA | Providers of legal services must submit specific proof of their qualifications, such as university education or number of years of practice. (references) |
AUSTRIA | Travel agencies and tour operators require a proof of qualification and must be listed with the Austrian Ministry of Economics. (references) | |
Political Rights | Tanzania | In 2000 local authorities forced persons attempting to register to vote in Mwanza to provide documentary proof that they had paid local government taxes before they allowed them to register, even though there is no legal requirement for voters to prove payment of taxes to register. (references) |
Trade | Dominican Rep | This will be returned upon meeting all the terms of temporary entry and proof of shipment out of the country. (references) |
Sri Lanka | In the case of an import made on AP basis, goods will be released on submission of satisfactory proof of payment such as bank memos. (references) | |
Travel | Thailand | Purpose of visit: TRANSIT (requiring proof of confirmed onward ticket to a third country). (references) |
South Africa | Foreigners who plan to work in South Africa temporarily must have proof of employment in order to apply for a temporary work permit. (references) | |
Senegal | Proof of yellow fever immunization during the previous 10 years is mandatory to enter Senegal. (references) | |
Women | Mexico | However, in some states a woman may not bring suit to establish paternity and thereby obtain child support, unless the child was a product of rape or cohabitation, the child resides with the father, or there is written proof of paternity. (references) |
Chile | The legislation includes clauses to facilitate proof of the crime and to protect the privacy and safety of the person making the charge. (references) | |
Yemen | A woman wishing to marry a foreigner must present proof of her parents' approval to the Interior Ministry. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Nicaragua | However, persons fired for cause may be denied severance pay through a process that requires employers to demonstrate proof of worker misconduct. (references) |
Morocco | The standard for legally firing a permanent employee is "serious error" committed by the employee, and the courts set the burden of proof very high. (references) | |
Chile | The burden of proof rests with the employer in cases in which alleged illegal antiunion activity is supported in a report by a labor inspector. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | ADMINISTRATION, n. An ingenious abstraction in politics, designed to receive the kicks and cuffs due to the premier or president. A man of straw, proof against bad-egging and dead-catting. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John Adams | 1797-1801 | The existence of such a government as ours for any length of time is a full proof of a general dissemination of knowledge and virtue throughout the whole body of the people. |
Thomas Jefferson | 1801-1809 | Here punishment falls on the guilty only, and as precise proof is required against him as against a freeman. |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | By allowing each party to participate in the transportation of such supplies on the payment of equal tonnage a strong proof was afforded of an accommodating spirit. |
Benjamin Harrison | 1889-1893 | Let those who would die for the flag on the field of battle give a better proof of their patriotism and a higher glory to their country by promoting fraternity and justice. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | So let us begin anew--remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Proof" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.81% of the time. "Proof" is used about 2,670 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.81% | 2,665 | 3,436 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.07% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 0.04% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 0.04% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 0.04% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 2,670 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "proof". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Nisroch | N/A | Biblical | Proof |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
Expressions using "proof": absence of proof ♦ absolute proof ♦ acid proof ♦ acquitted in default of proof of guilt ♦ air proof ♦ Artist's proof ♦ as a proof of ♦ be proof against ♦ Bead proof ♦ bullet proof ♦ bullet proof vest ♦ burden of proof ♦ by way of proof ♦ Cannon proof ♦ clear proof ♦ conclusive proof ♦ convincing proof ♦ Counter proof ♦ damp proof ♦ fire proof ♦ flat proof ♦ Foul proof ♦ foundry proof ♦ galley proof ♦ gas proof ♦ give proof of ♦ in proof of ♦ incapable of proof ♦ India proof ♦ logical proof ♦ make water proof ♦ mathematical proof ♦ ocular proof ♦ page proof ♦ paged proof ♦ positive proof ♦ press proof ♦ proof against ♦ proof charge ♦ proof correction ♦ proof gallion ♦ proof impression ♦ proof in solemn form ♦ proof load ♦ proof of death ♦ proof of god's existence ♦ proof of identity ♦ proof reader ♦ proof sheet ♦ proof sheets ♦ proof spirit ♦ proof staff ♦ proof stick ♦ proof text ♦ proof theory ♦ proof to the contrary ♦ put smth. to the proof ♦ put to the proof ♦ reduction in proof ♦ Remarque proof ♦ reversed onus of proof ♦ revise proof ♦ rough proof ♦ rust proof ♦ show proof of authorization ♦ skeleton proof ♦ sound proof ♦ strong proof ♦ the proof of the pudding is in the eating ♦ water proof ♦ weather proof. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "proof": Proof-arm, proof-bringing, proof-defying, proof-if, proof-of-concept, proof-print, proof-printing, Proof-proof, proof-pulling, proof-read, proof-reader, proof-readers, proof-reading, proof-taking, proof-theoretic. | |
Ending with "proof": child-proof, damp-proof, earthquake-proof, forgery-proof, fraud-proof, frost-proof, idiot-proof, inflation-proof, judge-proof, leak-proof, light-proof, rabbit-proof, recession-proof, rust-proof, sound-proof, squirrel-proof, stock-proof, tamper-proof, vandal-proof, vermin-proof, water-proof, weather-proof. | |
Containing "proof": drool-proof paper, fool-proof camera, gas-proof shelter. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "proof"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | bewys (sign, token). (various references) | |
Albanian | provë (assay, audition, averment, demonstration, evidence, experiment, fact, fitting, flier, prill, probation, prolusion, reasoning, rehearsal, run through, rush, school, seal, sign, substantiation, taste, tasting, test, touch, trial, try, try on, try out, witness), i sprovuar (experienced, sterling, tried), i siguruar (acquired, assured, certified, insurant, policyholder, safe), gradacion, fakt (consideration, datum, deed, evidence, fact, reality, thing, truth), dëshmi (attestation, bill, certificate, certification, deposition, document, evidence, licence, license, muniment, policy, sign, testimonial, testimony, witness), bocë (bottle, decanter, flask), argument (argument, point). (various references) | |
Arabic | الإمتحانات الخطية, بينة (evidence, rebuttal, testimony), درجة الكحول, دليل (attestation, clue, companion, directory, evidence, guide, guidebook, in evidence, index, pilot, substantiation, telltale, testimonial, testimony), ثبت قيمته وإمكاناته, إشترى بشرط التجربة, إثبات (affirmation, averment, confirmation, demonstration, proofing, substantiation, vindication), إختبار (exam, experience, experiment, ordeal, quiz, test, trial), برهان (argument, attestation, confirmation, evidence, proofing, reasoning, substantiation, testimonial, testimony, warranty), إمتحن (be examined, examine, put to the proof, test), في مأمن من, جرب (experience, experiment, give it a try, give it a whirl, have a go, pilot, scab, tempt, test, try, try out), صامد (durable, fireproof, immovable, patient, recusant, resistant, staunch), تجربة (assay, attempt, experience, experiment, go, shot, test, trial, try, whirl), تجربة طباعية, غير قابل لنفوذ السوائل, لا يتأثر ب (insusceptible), مباراة رياضية, كتم الشمع, إستخرج تجربة طباعية عن. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | проверка (audit, check, checkup, probation, revision, tab, test, verification), доказване (demonstration, establishment, substantiation), издръжлив (enduring, hard bitten, patient, reliable, resistant, seaworthy, spunky, stout, strong, tough), изпитан (examined, proven, reliable, sure, tested, time-tested, well tried), изпитание (hardship, ordeal, probation, tax, test, trial, tribulation, visitation), изпитвам (assay, condition, essay, examine, experience, feel, prove, question, quiz, sample, see, test, try, undergo), изпитване (essay, examination), изпробвам (fit, prove, task, test, try, try out), изпробване (assaying, probation, sampling, test, try out, whirl), доказателство (averment, demonstration, object lesson, piece of evidence, seal, showing, telltale, testimony, verification, vindication, witness), проба (assay, attempt, audition, experiment, hallmark, sample, taste, tentative, test, trial, try, try on, try out), свидетелско показание (attestation, statement), неподатлив (hardmouthed, immune, impracticable, insusceptible, intractable, restive, stubborn, unamenable, uncompliant, unsusceptible), непоколебим (determined, firm, immovable, resolute, resolved, set, stanch, unbendable, unconquerable, undaunted, undeviating, unfaltering, unflagging, unshakable, unshaken, unshrinking, unswerving, unwavering), непробиваем, непроницаем (impenetrable, impermeable, impervious, thick, tight, unfathomable, unpenetrable), вадя пробен отпечатък, коректура (proof sheet, pull), шпалта (column, galley, proof sheet, slip), твърд (adamant, adamantine, constant, crusty, decided, determined, dogged, fast, firm, flat, flinty, forceful, gritty, hard, hardhearted, immovable, obstinate, persistent, rigid, rock-ribbed, rocky, sclerotic, sclerous, set, solid, stable, staunch, steadfast, steady, steely, stiff, stout, stringy, strong, sturdy, swerveless, tenacious, tinny, unfaltering, unflinching, unshakable, unshrinking, unswerving, unwavering), показване (exhibition, indication, show, showing). (various references) | |
Chinese | 證" (evidence, testimony), 證明 (confirm the truth of, prove, testimony), 證 (certificate, to confirm, to demonstrate, to prove), 論證 (prove a point; expound on), 证明 (Certificate, Certification, Certified, Certify, Certifying, identification, proofed, Prove, Proved, Proven, Proving, Verification), 証" , 証 (certificate), 憑 (lean against, to be based on, to depend on, to rely on). (various references) | |
Czech | pevný (adamant, compact, concrete, consistent, deep-seated, durable, energetic, fast, firm, fixed, good, hard set, hardwearing, heavy duty, immovable, ingrained, meaty, resilient, resolute, secure, solid, sound, stable, steadfast, steady, stout, strong, sturdy, substantial, sure, unmoved, unswerving, unyielding, valid), zkumavka (test tube, test-glass), vyzkoušený, korektura (correction, proof sheet, proofreading), dùkaz (evidence, testament), bezpeèný (safe, secure, sound, sure, unfailing, unknowing). (various references) | |
Danish | bevis (argument, plea, sign, token). (various references) | |
Dutch | drukproef (compressive test). (various references) | |
Esperanto | pruvo (sign, token), presprovo, presprovaĵo. (various references) | |
Faeroese | prógv (diploma, sign, token). (various references) | |
Farsi | مقیاس خلوص الکل , محک (Acid, Criterion, Examination, Shibboleth, Test), مدرک (Clue, Document, Lead, Testimony, Voucher), چرکنویس , نشانه (Allegory, Emblem, Mark, Marker, Omen, Portent, Presage, Reminiscence, Sacrament, Sign, Symptom, Token), گواه (Evidence, Voucher), اثبات (Agument, Show), دلیل (Agument, Reason, Sake, Symptom, Testimony). (various references) | |
Finnish | todistus (certificate, evidence, school report, testimonial, testimony). (various references) | |
French | preuve, démonstration (presentation), épreuve (print). (various references) | |
Frisian | bewiis (sign, token). (various references) | |
German | Beweis (argument, attestation, demonstration, evidence, pledge, sign, testimony, token, validation), sicher (assured, assuredly, blue chip, certain, certainly, certainty, confident, definite, easily, fast, immune, of course, prof, reliable, safe, safely, secure, securely, stable, steady, sure, surfeited, unendangered, unharmful, unmistaken), probe (assay, attempt, audition, pattern, practice, prob, probation, probational, rehearsal, rehearse, sample, specimen, test, trial, tryoutUS), nachweis (certificate, validation, verification), fest (abiding, attached, banquet, buoyant, buoyantly, carnival, celebration, closely, compact, consistent, constant, continual, continuous, crisp, definite, faithfully, fast, feast, festival, festivity, fete, fexed, firm, firmly, fix, fixated, fixed, gaiety, hard, heavy, immovable, ingrained, junket, lasting, moored, non-varying, party, permanent, permanently, regular, robust, safely, secure, securely, set, settled, solid, solidly, sound, squarely, stable, steadfast, steadily, steady, stiff, stout, stoutly, strong, sturdy, sustained, tight, tighten, tightly, tough, unfaltering, unhesitating, unshrinking, unwavering, unwaveringly), Ausweis (badge, card, identification, identity card, papers, pass, sign, token). (various references) | |
Greek | απόδειξη (establishment, evidence, receipt, scrip, substantiation), πειστήριο (exhibit), δοκιμή (essay, noviciate, rehearsal, test, trial, try, try out, tryout), δοκίμιο (essay). (various references) | |
Hebrew | "וכח" (admonition, conviction, demonstration, evidence, reproof, substantiation). (various references) | |
Hungarian | tanújel, bizonyság (testimony, witness), bizonyíték (approbation, evidence, evidence in writing, exhibit, indication, rigidity of the proof, substantiation, voucher). (various references) | |
Indonesian | perdalilan, takrir, sanggup (afford), bukti (document, evidence), borhan. (various references) | |
Italian | prova (approval, attempt, bout, check, demonstration, essay, event, evidence, examination, experiment, fitting, probation, rehearsal, sample, shot, sign, test, token, trial, try), dimostrazione (argument, demo, demonstration, evidence, show), bozza (ashlar, bump, draft). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 証 (evidence). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | プルーフ , ねた (contents, joke material, material, topping of nigiri sushi), きょしょう (falling tone, maestro, master, masterhand, wealthy merchant), しょうさ (checking against, difference in wins, evidence, examining by reference, lieutenant commander, major, slight difference, verification, wing commander, witness), しょうせき (a trace, evidence, saltpeter), しょう" (appellation, designation, evidence, marshes and lakes, respect for olden days), しょうめい (call, divine call, exhibiting clearly, genuine article, genuine autograph, illumination, manifest, verification), べ"しょう (compensation, demonstration, indemnity, next word, reimbursement, reparation), うらがき (endorsement, note on back of the scroll), うらづけ (backing, collateral, endorsement, foundation, guarantee, lining, security, something lined, substantiation, support), "う (10^38, 1st in rank, 7th in rank, be bent, benefit, body cavity, boorish, box, clause, companion, compare with, daimyo, duke, effect, efficacy, efficiency, entertainment, female phoenix bird, filial piety, first sign of the Chinese calendar, grade A, happiness, head, height, hill, hundred sextillion, hundred undecillion, incense, instep, interest, item, knoll, long ages, lord, luck, main, manuscript, marquis, paragraph, pleasure, prince, public, result, rising ground, same kind, -school, season, sentence, seventh sign of the Chinese calendar, shell, subordinate, success, such, this, threat, thus, to ask, to be in love, to invite, to request, urgent, verbal pause, version, weather), あかし (evidence), ろ"しょう (certain truth, demonstration). (various references) | |
Korean | 증거. (various references) | |
Malay | bukti (sign, token). (various references) | |
Manx | prowallys (assay, probation, try on), prowal (assay, demonstrate, demonstration, depose, deposition, establishment, fit on, prove, proving, test, trial, trial attempt, try, try on, try out), jeeney noi, jeen (dry, impermeable, staunch, waterproof, watertight, weatherproof). (various references) | |
Papiamen | prueba (sign, token), proba (prove, sign, token), preba (prove, sign, token). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | oofpray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | prova (attestation, competition, confirmation, evidence, exam, examination, experiment, investigation, rehearsal, sense of taste, shew, shibboleth, show, sign, slip, taste, test, testimony, testing, token, trial, try, try-out, voucher, warrant), demonstração (demonstration, shew, show, showing). (various references) | |
Romanian | probã (alloy, argument, assay, attempt, audition, check up, control, event, examination, exemplar, go, instance, pattern, probation, sample, specimen, test, trial, try, verification, witness), verificare (ascertainement, audit, check, control, examination, inspection, review, test, verification), valabilitate (availability, currency, force, lawfulness, legality, validity), tãrie normalã, rezistenţã (endurance, kick, lasting, opponency, opposition, reliability, reluctance, resistance, stamina, stand, stoutness, strength, tolerance of, toughness), mãrturie (demonstration, evidence, testimony, token, witness), impermeabiliza (waterproof), dovadã (argument, certificate, demonstration, document, eduction, evidence, example, exercise, instance, Mark, patent, seal, sign, token, vestige, witness), demonstraţie (demonstration, evidence, manifestation, parade), de verificat, corecturã (correction, reading, revise), copie (copy, counterpart, ditto, duplicate, duplication, imitation, offtake, print, repetition, replica, replication, reproduction, tally, trace, transcript, transcription), cauciuca (rubberize), încercare (attempt, crack, effort, endeavor, endeavour, essay, experiment, go, hardship, shy, suffering, tempting, tentative, test, trial, try, visitation, whack). (various references) | |
Russian | установленной крепости, корректура (proofreader, proof-sheet, sheet-proofs), недоступный (exclusive, inaccessible, inapproachable, unapproachable, unget-at-able, unobtainable, unprocurable, untouchable), проверка (check, check-out, checkup, control, inspection, review, revise, revision, test, try-out, verification), проба (analysis, assay, audition, essay, plate-mark, prill, probe, purity, reaction, sample, sampling, specimen, standard, tasting, test, try out, tryout, try-out), пробирка (test tube), испытание (assay, dry run, experience, experiment, noviciate, novitiate, probation, test, touch, trial, try), доказательство устойчивый, доказательство (averment, demonstration, evidence, internal evidence, prover, substantiation, vindication, witness). (various references) | |
Scottish | teist (reputation, testimony), deuchainn (attempt, trial). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | stepen jačine, otisak (impress, impression, imprint, incuse, print), neprobojan (bulletproof, impenetrable, impermeable, tight, unpenetrable), korektura (galley proof, page-proofs, proofreading), dokazni (evidential), dokaz (argument, evidence). (various references) | |
Spanish | prueba (assay, audition, correction, demonstration, endorsement, event, evidence, exam, exercise, experiment, fitting, Gage, gauge, hardship, indorsation, indorsement, offer, paper, problem, proving, race, sign, test, token, trial, trouble, try out), demostración (demonstration, display, exposition, gesture, show, showing, sign). (various references) | |
Swedish | bevis (argument, case, certificate, certifications, demonstration, earnest, evidence, index, sign, substantation, substantiation, testimony, token, warrant, witness), prov (audition, display, experiment, prill, probation, sample, sign, specimen, test, token, trial, try out), korrektur (proof sheet). (various references) | |
Tagalog | katibáyan (sign, token). (various references) | |
Turkish | prova (dry run, fitting, rehearsal, trial, try on), senet (bill, bond, commercial paper, copy, indenture, instrument, muniment, note, obligation, script, voucher), sağlama (accommodation, enlistment, obtainment, procuration, procuring, providing, provision, supply), kanıtlama (demonstration, proving, substantiation), kanıt (argument, averment, case, confirmation, convincing proof, demonstration, evidence, supporting document), ispat etme, ispat (confirmation, demo, demonstration, evidence, substantiation), geçirmez biçimde yapmak, geçirmez (impermeable, impervious, repellent, repelling), emin (assured, bailee, certain, clear, cocksure, confident, confidential, deliberate, fiduciary, firm, good, in the bag, reliable, responsible, safe, secure, sound, stanch, staunch, sure, trustworthy, trusty, unfaltering), deneme (assay, bash, crack, dissertation, effort, essay, experiment, experimentation, fling, go, pilot, practice, probation, proving, shakedown, shot, study, tentative, test, testing, touch, trial, try, try out, whack, workout), delil (argument, averment, case, document, earnest, evidence, supporting document, voucher), dayanıklı hale getirmek, dayanıklı (cast iron, consolidated, durable, enduring, fast, firm, for hard wear, gritty, hard, Hardy, heavy duty, impervious, impregnable, indestructible, invulnerable, keeping, lasting, long lasting, nonperishable, patient, refractory, resistant, resistant to, resolute, runproof, sedulous, serviceable, sturdy, substantial, substantive, supportable, tough, unfading, wiry), alkol derecesi. (various references) | |
Turkmen | subutnama. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | робити непроникним, читати гранки, коректура, випробування (approof, assay, check out, examination, novitiate, probation, sampling, tasting, test, testing, trial, try), непроникний (impenetrable, impermeable, inscrutable, non-permeable, unpenetrable), непробивний, пробірка (vial), пробний знімок, проба (alloy, analysis, approof, audition, countersign, hallmark, novitiate, plate-mark, proving, taste, tasting, try out), перевірка (absence, approof, assay, audit, check, checkup, review, revise, verification), доказ (argument, attest, authority, averment, clue, confirmation, document, eviction, evidence, probate, substantiation, testimony, witness), довід (argument). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | tránh được, sự thử thách sự thử súng, sự thử chất nổ, nơi thử súng, nơi thử chất nổ ống thử bản in thử tiêu chuẩn, không xuyên qua, không ngấm; chịu đựng được, chứng cớ (evidence, evidential, testimony, witness), chứng (evidential), chống được, bằng chứng sự chứng minh sự thử. (various references) | |
Welsh | prawf (assay, probation, trial). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Greek | 700 BCE-300 CE | apodexis. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | adprobationem, argumentum, confirmatione, confirmationem, documentum, index, indicem, indices, indiciis, indicio, indicium, probare, probatio, probatione, probationem, reprobatio, signa, signi, signis, signo, signorum, signum, signumque, testimonium. (various references) |
| Late Latin | 300-700 | proba. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | 2 Corinthians Chapter 13, Verse 3 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Epei dokimhn zhteite tou en emoi lalountoV cristou oV eiV umaV ouk asqenei alla dunatei en umin |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | An experimentum quaeritis eius qui in me loquitur Christi qui in vos non infirmatur sed potens est in vobis |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Whether ye seken the preef of that Crist, that spekith in me, which is not feble in you? |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Seynge yt ye seke experience of Christ which speaketh in me which amoge you is not weake but is myghty in you. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Since ye seek a proof of Christ speaking in me, which to you-ward is not weak, but is mighty in you. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Since ye seek a proof of Christ speaking in me, who toward you is not weak, but is mighty in you. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Seeing that you are looking for a sign of Christ giving out his word in me; who is not feeble in relation to you, but is strong in you: |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | 2 Corinthians Chapter 13, Verse 3 |
| Cebuano | sanglit nangita man gayud kaha kamo ug pamatuod nga si Cristo nagasulti pinaagi kanako. Siya dili mahuyang nganha kaninyo, hinonoa siya makagagahum diha kaninyo. |
| Croatian | Jer vi tražite dokaz da u meni govori Krist koji prema vama nije nemoæan, nego je snažan meðu vama. |
| Danish | efterdi I fordre Bevis på, at Kristus taler i mig, han, som ikke er magtesløs over for eder, men er stærk iblandt eder. |
| Dutch | Dewijl gij zoekt een proeve van Christus, Die in mij spreekt, Welke in u niet zwak is, maar krachtig is onder u. |
| Finnish | koska te etsitte todistetta siitä, että minussa puhuu Kristus, joka ei ole heikko teitä kohtaan, vaan on teissä voimallinen. |
| French | puisque vous cherchez une preuve que Christ parle en moi, lui qui n`est pas faible votre égard, mais qui est puissant parmi vous. |
| German | sintemal ihr suchet, daß ihr einmal gewahr werdet des, der in mir redet, nämlich Christi, welcher unter euch nicht schwach ist, sondern ist mächtig unter euch. |
| Haitian Creole | Nou bezwen prèv se Kris la k'ap pale lè m'ap pale, enben n'a jwenn li. Kris la pa fèb non lè l'ap regle ak nou. Okontrè, l'ap fè nou wè pouvwa li. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Maka kalian akan mendapatkan semua bukti yang kalian inginkan bahwa Kristus benar-benar berbicara melalui saya. Kalau Kristus bertindak terhadap kalian, Ia tidak bertindak lemah-lemah, sebaliknya Ia menunjukkan kuasa-Nya di antaramu. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | sedang kamu menuntut kenyataan Kristus yang berkata-kata di dalam aku, yang tiada lemah kepada kamu, melainkan berkuasa di antara kamu. |
| Italian | dal momento che cercate una prova che Cristo parla in me, lui che non è debole, ma potente in mezzo a voi. |
| Maori | E rapu tohu na hoki koutou o te Karaiti e korero ana i roto i ahau; kahore nei ia e ngoikore ki a koutou, engari e kaha ana i roto i a koutou: |
| Norwegian | siden I krever et bevis på at Kristus taler i mig, han som ikke er skrøpelig hos eder, men er sterk iblandt eder; |
| Rumanian | cqci cqutayi o dovadq cq Hristos vorbewte kn mine: El care nu este slab fayq de voi, ci este plin de putere kntre voi. |
| Russian | чЩ ЙЭЕФЕ "ПЛБЪБФЕМШУФЧБ ОБ ФП, иТЙУФПУ МЙ ЗПЧПТЙФ ЧП НОЕ: пО ОЕ 'ЕУУЙМЕО "МС ЧБУ, ОП УЙМЕО Ч ЧБУ. |
| Shuar | Nuinkia wi Kristu kakarmarijiai chichaajna nu nekaattarme. Nu nekaataj tusarum wakeratsrumek. Tura Krístuka kakarmachuchuiti. Antsu Atumí Enentáin kakaram takaawai. |
| Spanish | puesto que buscáis una prueba de que Cristo habla en mí. Y él no es débil para con vosotros, sino que es poderoso en vosotros. |
| Swahili | Mtajionea wenyewe kwamba Kristo anasema ndani yangu. Kwenu Kristo si dhaifu; bali nguvu yake yafanya kazi miongoni mwenu. |
| Swedish | I viljen ju hava ett bevis för att det är Kristus som talar i mig, han som icke är svag mot eder, utan är stark bland eder. |
| Uma | Bo ria-koi to merapi' bona kupopohiloi-koi tanda kanapowiwi-na Kristus mpu'u-a, wae-pi popea! Ane rata-apa mpai' hi retu, nihilo moto mpai' kuasa to nawai' -ka Kristus! Uma mpai' lente paresa' Kristus to kuparata-kokoi, ni'epe moto mpai' karoho-na. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "proof": proofed, proofer, proofers, proofing, proofread, proofreader, proofreaders, proofreading, proofreads, proofroom, proofrooms, proofs. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "proof": airproof, bombproof, bulletproof, burglarproof, childproof, crushproof, disproof, fireproof, flameproof, foolproof, germproof, greaseproof, heatproof, leakproof, lightproof, mothproof, oilproof, ovenproof, overproof, pickproof, pilferproof, rainproof, reproof, rustproof, shatterproof, shellproof, shockproof, skidproof, soundproof, stainproof, sunproof, tamperproof, underproof, waterproof, weatherproof, wetproof, windproof. (additional references) | |
Words containing "proof": airproofed, airproofing, airproofs, childproofed, childproofing, childproofs, disproofs, fireproofed, fireproofing, fireproofs, flameproofed, flameproofer, flameproofers, flameproofing, flameproofs, greaseproofs, mothproofed, mothproofer, mothproofers, mothproofing, mothproofs, reproofs, rustproofed, rustproofing, rustproofs, soundproofed, soundproofing, soundproofs, waterproofed, waterproofer, waterproofers, waterproofing, waterproofings, waterproofness, waterproofnesses, waterproofs, weatherproofed, weatherproofing, weatherproofness, weatherproofnesses, weatherproofs. (additional references) | |
| |
"Proof" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: approof, hroof, Kroff, peooow, periof, Perloff, Peroff, phoof, piof, pmof, Pooof, prao, preo, prho, proaf, procf, Procol, prodog, prof, proff, proft, profu, profy, Progoff, Prokop, prood, proofe, prool, proon, proop, proove, protob, protoc, prouf, proun, prout, prouv, proux, Prozor, prrof, pru, pruf, pruff, ptooff, sproof. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "proof" (pronounced pruw"f) |
| 4 | p r uw" f | rustproof. |
| 3 | -r uw" f | roof. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "f-o-o-p-r" | |
-1 letter: poof, poor, prof, roof. | |
-2 letters: fop, for, fro, pro. | |
-3 letters: of, op, or. | |
| Words containing the letters "f-o-o-p-r" | |
+1 letter: proofs. | |
+2 letters: foretop, poofter, proofed, proofer, reproof, rooftop, spoofer. | |
+3 letters: airproof, disproof, flopover, footrope, foretops, oilproof, poofters, postform, profound, proofers, proofing, reproofs, rooftops, spoofers, spoofery, sunproof, wetproof. | |
+4 letters: airproofs, bombproof, disproofs, fireproof, flopovers, flowerpot, foolproof, footprint, footropes, forespoke, germproof, heatproof, hoofprint, leakproof, mothproof, nonprofit, ovenproof, overproof, pickproof, portfolio, postforms, professor, profounds, profusion, proofread, proofroom, rainproof, rustproof, skidproof, soporific, windproof. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Historic 10. Quotations: Fiction 11. Quotations: Non-fiction 12. Quotations: Speeches | 13. Usage Frequency 14. Names: Derived from 15. Expressions 16. Expressions: Internet | 17. Translations: Modern 18. Translations: Ancient 19. Bible Trace 20. Abbreviations | 21. Acronyms 22. Derivations 23. Rhymes 24. Anagrams | 25. Bibliography |
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