Phenol

Definitions: Phenol

Phenol

Noun

1. Any of a class of weakly acidic organic compounds; molecule contains one or more hydroxyl groups.

2. A toxic white soluble crystalline acidic derivative of benzene; used in manufacturing and as a disinfectant and antiseptic; poisonous if taken internally.

Date "phenol" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1985. (references)

Specialty Definitions: Phenol

Domain	Definitions
Chemistry	Poisonous acidic compound, present in coal tar and wood tar; desinfectant. Source: European Union. (references)
Chemistry	Compounds containing at least one hydroxyl group attached directly to a carbon atom of an aromatic ring. Source: European Union. (references)
Mining	A soluble, crystalline acidic compound; C6 H5 OH ; has a characteristic odor. It is present in coal tar and in wood tar. It is a powerful caustic poison and in a dilute solution, a useful disinfectant. Used chiefly in making resins and plastics, dyes, and pharmaceuticals (such as aspirin). Syn:benzenol; hydroxybenzene; carbolic acid. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Phenol

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Phenol or carbolic acid is a white crystalline solid, with a chemical formula of C₆H₅OH, a melting point of 43°C, and a boiling point of 182°C at the pressure of 1 atmosphere (or 101080 Pa). It is not a real alcohol, because the Hydroxy group is fixed on a unsaturated carbon, and it can be made from the partial oxidation of benzene, or by the cumene process or raschig process.

Despite the absence of a carboxyl group (-COOH), phenol is slightly acidic: the phenol molecule has weak tendencies to lose the H⁺ ion from the hydroxyl group due to the mesomeric effect.

Phenol has antiseptic properties, and was used by Sir Joseph Lister in his pioneering technique of antiseptic surgery, though the skin irritation caused by continual exposure to phenol eventually lead to the substitution of aseptic (germ-free) techniques in surgery.

It is used as a disinfectant and in the production of drugs, weedkillers, and synthetic resins - Bakelite, one of the first synthetic resins to be manufactured, is a polymer of phenol with formaldehyde. Exposure of the skin to concentrated phenol solutions causes chemical burns; in laboratories where it is used, it is usually recommended that polyethylene glycol solution is kept available for washing off splashes. Notwithstanding the effects of concentrated solutions, it is also used in cosmetic surgery as an exfoliant, to remove layers of dead skin.

Prisoners in Auschwitz I concentration camp hospital were often killed by phenol injections.

see also phenols

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Phenol."

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Synonyms: Phenol

Synonyms: carbolic acid (n), hydroxybenzene (n), oxybenzene (n), phenylic acid (n). (additional references)

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Crosswords: Phenol

English words defined with "phenol": Aurin ♦ Carbolic, Creosol ♦ Dead oil ♦ Glacial phenol ♦ Hydroquinone ♦ Indophenol ♦ methyl phenol ♦ Nitrophnol ♦ ochronosis, Oxyphenic, Oxyphenol, Oxyquinoline ♦ Phenetol, Phenic, Phenol acid, Phenol aldehyde, Phenolate, Phenyl hydrate, Phenylic alcohol, Phthalein, Pyrocatechin, pyrogallic acid, pyrogallol ♦ Resorcin, resorcinol, Rosolic, Rufol ♦ Salicylic, Saligenin ♦ Tetrol phenol, thermoset, thermosetting, Thiophenol ♦ Xylenol. (references)

Specialty definitions using "phenol": alkyl-phenolic resin, Arylsulfatases ♦ BALL-MILL OPERATOR, bisphenol A ♦ Dinitrophenols ♦ EXTRACTOR-AND-WRINGER OPERATOR ♦ phenolic-resin adhesive ♦ resin adhesive ♦ synthetic-resin adhesive, synthetic-resin cement ♦ terpene phenolic resin, Tyrosine Phenol-Lyase. (references)

Etymologies containing "phenol": Indol, Indophenol ♦ Nitrophnol, Nosophen ♦ Oxyphenic ♦ Thiophenol. (references)

Non-English Usage: "Phenol" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses.

German (phenol).

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Commercial Usage: Phenol

Domain	Title
References	The World Market for Pure Phenol (Hydroxybenzene) and Its Salts: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective (reference) (more reference examples)

Books	Chinese Markets for Phenol [DOWNLOAD: PDF] (reference) (more book examples)

Periodicals	Phenol Acetone Cumene Newsletter (reference) (more periodical examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Photo Album: Phenol

Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Caption: Settling Tanks for Crude Phenol; March 1, 1915; {10.350/138} (jpg).
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Phenol

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		Neurolytic blocks employ injection of chemical agents such as alcohol, phenol, or glycerol to block pain messages and are most often used to treat cancer pain or to block pain in the cranial nerves (see The Nervous Systems). (references)
		Occasionally, physicians can provide temporary relief from weakness, spasms, and pain by injecting a drug called phenol into the spinal cord, muscles, or nerves in the arms or legs. Further research is needed to find or develop effective treatments for MS-related weakness and ataxia. (references)
Business		Phenol and alkylphenol lack aromatics and intermediates. (references)
		Each year, China only produces a small amount of antistatic agents, however demand for these agents is over 5,000 tons. China also needs to import a large amount of raw materials such as aliphatic alcohol, nonyl phenol, and epoxy chloropropane. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Phenol

"Phenol" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Phenol" is used about 47 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Noun (singular)	100%	47	49,740

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expression: Phenol

Expressions using "phenol": Glacial phenol ♦ methyl phenol ♦ phenol acid ♦ phenol alcohol ♦ phenol aldehyde ♦ phenol phthalein ♦ Tetrol phenol. Additional references.
Hyphenated Usage
	Beginning with "phenol": phenol-chloroform, phenol-disulfonic, phenol-formaldehyde, Phenol-Lyase, phenol-oil.
	Ending with "phenol": acid-phenol.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Phenol

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Expression	Frequency per Day	Expression	Frequency per Day
phenol	135	ethoxylated nonyl phenol	3
phenol red	13	alkyl phenol	3
msds phenol	8	pdf phenol spectrum	3
nonyl phenol	7	ineos phenol	3
peel phenol	6	acid phenol sulfonic	2
phenol formaldehyde	5	allergy phenol	2
amine ketone phenol	5	amine formalin phenol	2
ethoxylate nonyl phenol	4	amine formaldehyde phenol	2
chloroform extraction phenol	4	chloroform dna extraction phenol	2
injection phenol	4	phenol pk	2
chloroform phenol	4	excited phenol pk state	2
phenol styrenated	3	phenol resin	2
formaldehyde heat phenol	3	ethoxylated octyl phenol	2
extraction phenol	3	phenol sclerotherapy	2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Phenol

Language		Translations for "phenol"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Albanian		fenol. (various references)

Arabic		‏الفينول حامض الكربوليك. (various references)

Bulgarian		фенол, карболова киселина (carbolic). (various references)

Chinese		酚 (intoxicated). (various references)

Danish		phenol, fenol. (various references)

Dutch		fenol. (various references)

Finnish		fenoli. (various references)

French		phénol. (various references)

German		Phenol. (various references)

Greek		φαινόλη. (various references)

Hungarian		fenol (carbolic acid, hydroxybenzene). (various references)

Italian		fenolo. (various references)

Japanese Kanji		石炭酸 (carbolic acid), フェノール類 (10^-15, Fabianism, feminine, feminine look, feminism, feminist, femto-, Ferrari, gentleman, man who indulges women, phenomenon). (various references)

Japanese Katakana		フェノールるい, せきたんさん (carbolic acid). (various references)

Korean		석탄산. (various references)

Pig Latin		enolphay

Portuguese		fenol. (various references)

Romanian		fenol. (various references)

Russian		фенол. (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		fenol. (various references)

Spanish		fenol. (various references)

Swedish		fenol. (various references)

Turkish		fenol (phenylic acid), asitfenik. (various references)

Ukranian		фенол. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Phenol

Derivations
	Words beginning with "phenol": phenolate, phenolated, phenolates, phenolic, phenolics, phenological, phenologically, phenologies, phenology, phenolphthalein, phenolphthaleins, phenols. (additional references)
	Words ending with "phenol": dinitrophenol, indophenol, pentachlorophenol, polyphenol. (additional references)
	Words containing "phenol": dinitrophenols, indophenols, pentachlorophenols, polyphenolic, polyphenols. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Phenol" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: epheboi, Faenol, fenol, Finlon, Finol, penol, penow, phen, phene, pheno, phenom, phenox, phool, phrenic. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Phenol"

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "phenol" (pronounced fē"nÄl or fe"nul)
5	f e" n u l	fennel.
4	-e" n u l	departmental, kennel.
3	-n u l	abdominal, aberrational, aboriginal, additional, adrenal, anal, annal, annul, Arsenal, atonal, attitudinal, autumnal, binational, biphenyl, cantonal, Cardinal, carnal, channel, coeducational, collisional, Colonel, communal, compositional, computational, concessional, conditional, confessional, conformational, confrontational, congregational, congressional, connotational, constitutional, conventional, conversational, cornel, correctional, criminal, Darnel, delusional, denominational, depositional, devotional, diagonal, dimensional, directional, diurnal, divisional, doctrinal, duodenal, dysfunctional, educational, emotional, empanel, erosional, eternal, exceptional, external, factional, faunal, fictional, final, flannel, fluxional, foundational, fractional, fraternal, functional, funnel, gastrointestinal, generational, gravitational, hexagonal, hormonal, Hymnal, impanel, impersonal, improvisational, infernal, informational, inspirational, institutional, instructional, intentional, intergenerational, internal, international, interpersonal, intestinal, investigational, Invitational, irrational, journal, jurisdictional, juvenile, kernel, latitudinal, longitudinal, luminal, marginal, maternal, medicinal, monoclonal, monsoonal, morainal, motivational, multinational, national, navigational, nocturnal, nominal, noncriminal, nonprofessional, nontraditional, nutritional, obsessional, occasional, occupational, octagonal, operational, optional, organizational, original, panel, paternal, penal, personal, phenomenal, polygonal, polyvinyl, processional, professional, promotional, proportional, provisional, rational, recreational, regional, relational, renal, representational, retinal, rotational, seasonal, sectional, semifinal, seminal, sensational, sentinel, shrapnel, signal, situational, spinal, subliminal, superregional, supranational, terminal, tonal, traditional, transformational, transitional, transnational, tribunal, tunnel, unconditional, unconstitutional, unconventional, unemotional, unintentional, unprofessional, untraditional, vaginal, venal, vernal, Vinal, vinyl, virginal, vocational.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Phenol

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Direct Anagrams: holpen.
	Words within the letters "e-h-l-n-o-p"
	-1 letter: pelon, phone.
	-2 letters: enol, helo, help, hole, holp, hone, hope, leno, lone, lope, noel, nope, open, peon, phon, pole, pone.
	-3 letters: eon, hen, hep, hoe, hon, hop, lop, noh, ole, one, ope, peh, pen, poh, pol.
	-4 letters: eh, el, en, he, ho, lo, ne, no, oe, oh, on, op, pe.
	Words containing the letters "e-h-l-n-o-p"
	+1 letter: phenols, pinhole.
	+2 letters: aphelion, phelonia, phenetol, phenolic, pinholes, pinochle, sulphone, tholepin.
	+3 letters: allophane, allophone, alpenhorn, anopheles, aphelions, cellphone, endolymph, lithopone, nemophila, neophilia, oenophile, parhelion, penholder, phellogen, phelonion, phenetols, phenolate, phenolics, phenology, phonolite, phylogeny, pinochles, polyphone, polythene, sulphones, telephone, telephony, tholepins, unhopeful, xenophile, xylophone.
	+4 letters: allophanes, allophones, alpenhorns, anglophone, anopheline, cellophane, cellphones, chopfallen, clomiphene, clothespin, encephalon, endolymphs, eosinophil, heptagonal, houseplant, hydroplane, indophenol, lithophane, lithopones, lymphokine, mellophone, nalorphine, nemophilas, neophiliac, neophilias, nephrology, neutrophil, nympholept, oenophiles, penholders, pentathlon, perihelion, phellogens, phelonions, phenolated, phenolates, phenomenal, pheromonal, phonolites, phrenology, pigeonhole, polyhedron, polyphenol, polyphones, polythenes, rhizoplane, sphenoidal, synaloepha, telephoned, telephoner, telephones, telephonic, thiopental, unpolished, xenophiles, xylophones.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.