Phase

Domain	Definitions
Computing	Phase 1. n. The offset of one's waking-sleeping schedule with respect to the standard 24-hour cycle; a useful concept among people who often work at night and/or according to no fixed schedule. It is not uncommon to change one's phase by as much as 6 hours per day on a regular basis. "What's your phase?" "I've been getting in about 8 P.M. lately, but I'm going to wrap around to the day schedule by Friday." A person who is roughly 12 hours out of phase is sometimes said to be in `night mode'. (The term `day mode' is also (but less frequently) used, meaning you're working 9 to 5 (or, more likely, 10 to 6).) The act of altering one's cycle is called `changing phase'; `phase shifting' has also been recently reported from Caltech. 2. `change phase the hard way': To stay awake for a very long time in order to get into a different phase. 3. `change phase the easy way': To stay asleep, etc. However, some claim that either staying awake longer or sleeping longer is easy, and that it is _shortening_ your day or night that is really hard (see wrap around). The `jet lag' that afflicts travelers who cross many time-zone boundaries may be attributed to two distinct causes: the strain of travel per se, and the strain of changing phase. Hackers who suddenly find that they must change phase drastically in a short period of time, particularly the hard way, experience something very like jet lag without traveling. Source: Jargon File.
Aerospace	1. Of a periodic quantity, for a particular value of the independent variable, the fractional part of a period through which the independent variable has advanced, measured from an arbitrary reference. The arbitrary reference is generally so chosen that the fraction is less than unity. In case of a simple harmonic quantity, the reference is often taken as the last previous passage through zero from the negative to positive direction. Thus, if two wave crest one-fourth cycle apart, they are said to be 90 degrees apart in phase, or 90 degrees out of phase. The moon is said to be at first quarter when it has completed one-fourth of its cycle from new moon. 2. The stage of aggregation of a substance, for example solid, liquid, or gas. 3. The extent to which the disk of the moon or the planet, as seen from the earth, is illuminated or not illuminated by the sun.4. In astronomy = configuration. (references)
Electrical Engineering	A variation of frequency modulation. Source: European Union. (references)
	The designation of any conductor, bundle of conductors, winding or any other element of a polyphase a. c. system, which is intended to be energised under normal use. Source: European Union. (references)
	The subgraphiterated m times on the polyphase circuit. Source: European Union. (references)
	Any conductor which is intended to be energised under normal use. Source: European Union. (references)
	The argument omega t + alpha sinusoidal quantity A cos(omega t + alpha), or A sin(omega t + alpha). Source: European Union. (references)
Energy	Alternating current is carried by conductors and a ground to residential, commercial, or industrial consumers. The waveform of the phase power appears as a single continuous sine wave at the system frequency whose amplitude is the rated voltage of the power. (references)
Geological	The onset of a displacement or oscillation on a seismogram indicating the arrival of a different type of seismic wave. (references)
Information	Any one of two or more classes brought into relation to one another in classifying. Source: European Union. (references)
Medicine	A distinct period or phase in the course or progress of disease. Source: European Union. (references)
Metallurgy	A constituent completely homogeneous both physically and chemically separated of the rest of the alloy by definite bounding surfaces. Source: European Union. (references)
Mining	A. The sum of all those portions of a material system that are identical in chemical composition and physical state b. A homogeneous, physically distinct portion of matter in a heterogeneous system c. An interval in the development of a given process; esp. a chapter in the history of the igneous activity of a region, such as the volcanic phase and major and minor intrusive phases d. A lithologic facies, esp. on a small scale, such as a minor variety within a dominant or normal facies, or a facies of short duration or localoccurrence; e.g., a marine phase or a fluviatile phase. (references)
Physics	A distinct functional element of a cycle. Source: European Union. (references)
Public Administration	Any part of a system, which is uniform in chemical composition and physical properties and separated from other homogeneous parts of the system by boundary surfaces(1). Source: European Union. (references)
Space	The particular appearance of a body's state of illumination, such as the full or crescent phases of the Moon. (references)
	The angular distance between peaks or troughs of two waveforms of similar frequency. (references)
	Any one of several predefined periods in a mission or other activity. (references)
Statistics	The interval between the turning points of a series which is ordered in time or space is termed a phase. The distribution of phase lengths provides one test of random order. Source: European Union. (references)
Transportation	A period of time during which a stream is admitted into a junction. Source: European Union. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Specialty Definition: Phase

The phase of a waveform is the position of any peak or trough compared to the same feature on a second waveform.
A phase of matter is a physically distinctive form of a substance, such as the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of ordinary matter.
The Lunar phase refers to the appearance of the Moon as viewed from the Earth.
The compositional technique of phase discovered by composer Steve Reich is while the same part is played on two instruments, one instrument keeps playing in steady tempo, while the other gradually moves ahead until it becomes back in phase (the rhythmic equivalent of cycling through the phase of two waveforms as above).

Phase (matter)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i.e. density, crystal structure, index of refraction, and so forth.) The most familiar examples of phases are solids, liquids, and gases. Less familiar phases include plasmas and Bose-Einstein condensates, and the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases of magnetic materials.

Phases are sometimes called states of matter, but this term can lead to confusion with thermodynamic states. For example, two gases maintained at different pressures are in different thermodynamic states, but the same "state of matter".

Definitions

Although phases are conceptually simple, they are hard to define precisely. A good definition of a phase of a system is a region in the parameter space of the system's thermodynamic variables in which the free energy is analytic. Equivalently, two states of a system are in the same phase if they can be transformed into each other without abrupt changes in any of their thermodynamic properties.

All the thermodynamic properties of a system -- the entropy, heat capacity, magnetization, compressibility, and so forth -- may be expressed in terms of the free energy and its derivatives. For example, the entropy is simply the first derivative of the free energy with temperature. As long as the free energy remains analytic, all the thermodynamic properties will be well-behaved.

When a system goes from one phase to another, there will generally be a stage where the free energy is non-analytic. This is known as a phase transition. Familiar examples of phase transitions are melting (solid to liquid), freezing (liquid to solid), boiling (liquid to gas), and condensation (gas to liquid). Due to this non-analyticity, the free energies on either side of the transition are two different functions, so one or more thermodynamic properties will behave very differently after the transition. The property most commonly examined in this context is the heat capacity. During a transition, the heat capacity may become infinite, jump abruptly to a different value, or exhibit a "kink" or discontinuity in its derivative.

Possible graphs of heat capacity (C) against temperature (T) at a phase transition.

In practice, each type of phase is distinguished by a handful of relevant thermodynamic properties. For example, the distinguishing feature of a solid is its rigidity; unlike a liquid or a gas, a solid does not easily change its shape. Liquids are distinct from gases because they have much lower compressibility: a gas placed in a large container expands to fill the container, whereas a liquid forms a puddle in the bottom of the container. Not all the properties of solids, liquids, and gases are distinct; for example, it is not useful to compare their magnetic properties. On the other hand, the ferromagnetic phase of a magnetic material is distinguished from the paramagnetic phase by the presence of bulk magnetization without an applied magnetic field.

Emergence and universality

Phases are emergent phenomena produced by the self-organization of a macroscopic number of particles. Typical samples of matter, for example, contain around 10²³ particles (Avogadro's number). In systems that are too small -- even, say, a thousand atoms -- the distinction between phases disappears, since the appearance of non-analyticity in the free energy requires a huge, formally infinite, number of particles to be present.

One might ask why real systems exhibit phases, since they are not actually infinite. The reason is that real systems contain thermodynamic fluctuations. When a system is far from a phase transition, these fluctuations are unimportant, but as it approaches a phase transition, the fluctuations begin to grow in size (i.e. spatial extent). At the ideal transition point, their size would be infinite, but before that can happen the fluctuations will have become as large as the system itself. In this regime, "finite-size" effects come into play, and we are unable to accurately predict the behavior of the system. Thus, phases in a real system are only well-defined away from phase transitions, and how far away it needs to be is dependent on the size of the system.

There is a corollary to the emergent nature of phase phenomena, known as the principle of universality. The properties of phases are largely independent of the underlying microscopic physics, so that the same types of phases arise in a wide variety of systems. This is a familiar fact of life. We know, for example, that the property that defines a solid -- resistance to deformation -- is exhibited by materials as diverse as iron, ice, and Silly Putty. The only differences are matters of scale. Iron may resist deformation more strongly than Silly Putty, but both maintain their shape if the applied forces are not too strong.

Phase diagrams

The different phases of a system may be represented using a phase diagram. The axes of the diagrams are the relevant thermodynamic variables. For simple mechanical systems, we generally use the pressure and temperature. The following figure shows a phase diagram for a typical material exhibiting solid, liquid and gaseous phases.

A typical phase diagram.

The markings on the phase diagram show the points where the free energy is non-analytic. The open spaces, where the free energy is analytic, correspond to the phases. The phases are separated by lines of non-analyticity, where phase transitions occur, which are called phase boundaries.

In the above diagram, the phase boundary between liquid and gas does not continue indefinitely. Instead, it terminates at a point on the phase diagram called the critical point. This reflects the fact that, at extremely high temperatures and pressures, the liquid and gaseous phases become indistinguishable. In water, the critical point occurs at around 647 K (374 °C or 705 °F) and 22.064 MPa.

The existence of the liquid-gas critical point reveals a slight ambiguity in our above definitions. When going from the liquid to the gaseous phase, one usually crosses the phase boundary, but it is possible to choose a path that never crosses the boundary by going to the right of the critical point. Thus, phases can sometimes blend continuously into each other. We should note, however, that this does not always happen. For example, it is impossible for the solid-liquid phase boundary to end in a critical point in the same way as the liquid-gas boundary, because the solid and liquid phases have different symmetry.

An interesting thing to note is that the solid-liquid phase boundary in the phase diagram of most substances, such as the one shown above, has a positive slope. This is due to the solid phase having a higher density than the liquid, so that increasing the pressure increases the melting temperature. However, in the phase diagram for water the solid-liquid phase boundary has a negative slope. This reflects the fact that ice has a lower density than water, which is an unusual property for a material.

Polymorphism

Many substances can exist in a variety of solid phases each corresponding to a unique crystal structure. These varying crystal phases of the same substance are called polymorphs. Diamond and graphite are examples of polymorphs of carbon. Graphite is composed of layers of hexagonally arranged carbon atoms, in which each carbon atom is strongly bound to three neighboring atoms in the same layer and is weakly bound to atoms in the neighboring layers. By contrast in diamond each carbon atom is strongly bound to four neighboring carbon atoms in a cubic array. The unique crystal structures of graphite and diamond are responsible for the vastly different properties of these two materials.

Each polymorph of a given substance is usually only stable over a specific range of conditions. For example, diamond is only stable at extremely high pressures. Graphite is the stable form of carbon at normal atmospheric pressures. Although diamond is not stable at atmospheric pressures and should transform to graphite, we know that diamonds exist at these pressures. This is because at normal temperatures the transformation from diamond to graphite is extremely slow. If we were to heat the diamond, the rate of transformation would increase and the diamond would become graphite. However, at normal temperatures the diamond can persist for a very long time. Non-equilibrium phases like diamond that exist for long periods of time are said to be metastable.

Another important example of metastable polymorphs occurs during the processing of steel. Steels are often subjected to a variety of thermal treatments designed to produce various combinations of stable and metastable iron phases. In this way the steel properties, such as hardness and strength can be adjusted by controlling the relative amounts and crystal sizes of the various phases that form.

Phase separation

Different parts of a system may exist in different phases, in which case the phases are usually separated by boundary surfaces.

Gibbs' phase rule describes the number of phases that can be present at equilibrium for a given system at various conditions. The phase rule indicates that for a single component system at most three phases (usually gas, liquid and solid) can co-exist in equilibrium. The three phases can all co-exist only at a single specific temperature and pressure, characteristic of the material, called the triple point. The conditions where two phases become indistinguishable is called a critical point. The phase rule also indicates that two phases can only co-exist at equilibrium for specific combinations of temperature and pressure. For example for a liquid-gas system if the vapor pressure is lower than that corresponding to the temperature, the system will not be at equilibrium, rather the liquid will tend to evaporate until the vapor pressure reaches the appropriate level or all of the liquid is consumed. Likewise, if the vapor pressure is too great for the given temperature condensation will occur.

For the case of multi-component systems the phase rule indicates that additional phases are possible. A common example of this occurs in mixtures of mutually insoluble substances such as water and oil. If a few drops of oil are poured into pure water, there will be a small amount of intermixing, but there will be two distinct phases: one primarily oil and the other primarily water. The exact composition of the phases will be a function of the temperature and pressure but not a function of the amount of oil. It may be possible to change the temperature such that one of the phases disappears: for example, if the mixture is heated, it is possible that at some temperature, all of the oil is dissolved in the water. Above this temperature there is only one phase, and the composition of the phase does depend on how much oil was put in.

Phase separation can also exist in two dimensions. The boundaries between phases, the surfaces of materials, and the grain boundaries between different crystallographic orientations of a single material can also show distinct phases. For example, surface reconstructions on metal and semiconductor surfaces are two dimensional phases.

Condensed matter physics

Phase (waves)
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Phase relates the value of a quantity to a broader set of likewise quantities. There is no sound conceptual connection--although historical bonds are patent--with other use of the term in such context as phases of matter, phases of the Moon or one of several immiscible liquids. For a wave it thus relates the position of a feature, typically a peak or a trough of the waveform, to that same feature in another part of the waveform (or, which amounts to the same, on a second waveform). The phase may be measured as a time, distance, a fraction of the wavelength, or as an angle in radians.
A phase shift is simply a difference or change in phase.
It is an essentially abstract and arbitrary notion with no absolute meaning. To get a grasp of it, consider the two waves A and B in this diagram:

Both A and B have the same amplitude and the same wavelength.
It is apparent that the positions of the peaks (X), troughs (Y) and zero-crossing points (Z) of both waves all coincide. The phase difference of the waves is thus zero, or, the waves are said to be in-phase.
If the two in-phase waves A and B are added together (for instance, if they are two light waves shining on the same spot), the result will be a third wave of the same wavelength as A and B, but with twice the amplitude. This is known as constructive interference.
Now consider waves A and C:

A and C are also of the same amplitude and wavelength. However, it can be seen that although the zero-crossing points (Y) are coincident between A and C, the positions of the peaks and troughs are reversed, that is an X on A becomes a Y on C, and vice versa. In this case, the two waves are said to be out-of-phase, or the phase difference of the two waves is π radians, or half the wavelength (λ/2).
If waves A and C are added, the result is a wave of zero amplitude. This is called destructive interference.
Also consider waves A and D:

In this situation, a peak (X) on wave A becomes a zero-crossing point (Z) on D, a zero-point becomes a peak, and so on. The waves A and D can be said to be in quadrature, or exactly π/2, or λ/4 out of phase.
In nature waveforms are often encountered as sine waves, because of the ubiquitous harmonic motion in physics. In this case the wave amplitude φ is given as a function of a variable, say x, by φ(x)=A sin(α x+φ₀). In such an expression the constant φ₀ is called the phase of the sine (the other constant A is the amplitude). If we plot this function, varying the value of φ₀ results in translating the curve, i.e., to take a new relative "observational point". As it is easier to work with exponentials, the expression would more profitably be written φ(x)=A exp(i α x+φ₀), with i the square root of -1. There we can factor φ₀ and consequently exp(iφ₀) is called a pure phase since it contains only phase information and multiplying a function by such a complex exponential changes its phase only.
coherence_(physics) is the quality of a wave to display well defined phase relationship in different regions of its domain of definition.
In physics, quantum mechanics ascribes waves to physical objects. The wave function is complex and since its square modulus is associated to probability of observing the object, the complex character of the wave function is associated to the phase. Since the complex algebra is responsible for the striking interference effect of quantum mechanics, phase of particles is therefore ultimately related to their quantum behavior.

Abbreviations & Acronyms: Phase

Synonyms within Context: Phase

Modern Usage: Phase

Domain	Usage
Screenplays	It's a phase. (Notorious; writing credit: Ben Hecht) Thanks primarily to you, I am happy to say that the first phase of our operation has met with considerable success. (The Spy Who Loved Me; writing credit: Christopher Wood) I'm looking for Wayne, I'm very concerned about him he seems to be going through a difficult phase right now, yah know. (Wayne's World; writing credit: Mike Myers) My plan to phase myself out is almost complete! (Liar Liar; writing credit: Paul Guay; Stephen Mazur) You are not blind, you are drinking Jack Daniels and when you drink Jack, you start that Frank Sinatra, she shot me down, give me a cigarette, King of sad phase. (Vanilla Sky; writing credit: Alejandro Amenábar; Mateo Gil)
Lyrics	Next phase, new wave, dance craze, anyways (It's Still Rock and Roll To Me; performing artist: Billy Joel) 'Cos baby it's time for phase two, yeah (Turn On Some Music; performing artist: Marvin Gaye) It was Phase Two just doin' a do ("Rapper's Delight"; performing artist: Sugarhill Gang) I'm in my own phase (Play that funky music; performing artist: Vanilla Ice)
Movie/TV Titles	Phase IV (1974) Let's Phase It (1965) Die Phase der Ruhe täuscht (1992) Fifteenth Phase of the Moon (1992) Penalty Phase (1986)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Commercial Usage: Phase

Domain	Title
Books	Lean For Life: Phase One - Weight Loss (reference) Radio frequency quadrupole and alternating phase focusing methods used in proton linear accelerator technology in the USSR (reference) The Landau Theory of Phase Transitions: Application to Structural, Incommensurate, Magnetic, and Liquid Crystal Systems (World Scientific Lecture No) (reference) Cis Selected Papers: High Power Multibeam Lasers and Their Phase Locking/V 2109 (reference) The Lucknow Omnibus: Lucknow the Last Phase of an Oriental Culture/a Fatal Friendship: The Nawabs, the British and the City of Lucknow/the Making of (reference) (more book examples)

Periodicals	Fluid Phase Equilibria (reference) Journal Of Phase Equilibria (reference) (more periodical examples)

Theater & Movies	Phase One - Celebrity Take Down (reference) Spinning: Phase I (reference) Spinning: Phase II (reference) Star Trek - The Next Generation, Episode 124: The Next Phase (reference) (more DVD examples; more video examples)

Music	Phase 4 Stereo: Gilbert & Sullivan: HMS Pinafore / D'Oyly Carte Opera Company [SOUNDTRACK] (reference) Phase One (reference) Phase Two (reference) The Keith Hunter Project Phase I (reference) (more classical music examples; more popular music examples)

High Tech	Phase Linear In-Dash CD Player (PL402) (reference) (more camera examples; more video game examples; more computer examples; more electronic examples; more software examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Image Slideshow: Phase

Photo Album: Phase

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	This is advanced malignant melanoma. At the left, one can see a plaque of early, radial growth phase superficial spreading melanoma. To the right, and contiguous with the plaque, is a pink (amelanotic) nodule of deeply invasive vertical growth phase melanoma. Melanomas diagnosed at this stage have a poor prognosis; many of these patients develop metastatic disease and die from their cancer. In the majority of instances, the plaque stage of melanoma is present for a sufficient period of time to permit its diagnosis and removal before it progresses to a more advanced (and more difficult to treat) stage.Credit: Unknown photographer/artist.		Bacillus anthracis endospores are seen under phase contrast microscopy as lighter areas, i.e. "points of light", due to the fact that they are dehydrated, and therefore, more refractile.Credit: CDC.
	Second phase of construction for Maximum Containment lab, CDC, Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA.Credit: CDC.		Kelley, Stone and Kock view the ERC�s First Phase of Construction.Credit: NASA.
	Launch Phase Simulator at Goddard Space Flight Center.Credit: NASA.		A scientist measures the number and size of blue crabs taken during the crab- pot collection phase of the sampling process for the project.Credit: NOAA Restoration Center.
	The first in a series of images that shows the construction phase of placing the new culvert at Sachuest Marsh. The new 36 "culverts were installed where the road crosses the main creek. In this image rock is placed to fortify the bank before placing the culverts.Credit: NOAA Restoration Center.		This illustration shows the Affordable Moving Surface Target Engagement technology the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and the Air Force Research Laboratory are researching. The research program's second phase is set to begin this fall at the AF.
	Technical Sgt. Frank Lubas, 2nd Security Forces Squadron, Barksdale Air Force Base, La., observes the skill of an Air Force Special Operations Command competitor from his perch in the range safety tower during the pistol phase of Defender Challenge 2000 h.		Dave Sanden ad RCD employee view completed phase 2 from above.Credit: Gary Kramer.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Familiar Quotations: Phase

Use in Literature: Phase

Non-Fiction Usage: Phase

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		Ultimately, however, CHS will enter an accelerated phase. (references)
		Most people have no symptoms at this early phase of infection. (references)
		It is currently being evaluated in Phase I and II clinical trials. (references)
Business		Its first phase is operating and selling power to Colombia. (references)
		As stated earlier, this is a very information-demanding phase. (references)
		The CCP's authority reached into almost every phase of Chinese life. (references)
Children	Guyana	The Ministry of Education responded to these incidents with a 30-point program intended to phase out corporal punishment in schools. (references)
Civil Liberties	Mozambique	The UNHCR planned to phase out its operations in the country by the end of 2000; however, the increasing number of refugees, especially from the Great Lakes region of Africa, prevented this from happening. (references)
Economic History	Bulgaria	In some cases, controversies have ensued in the post-privatization phase regarding the terms and conditions of sale. (references)
Human Rights	Bulgaria	However, many cases still may be formally deemed to be in the "on-trial" phase for an extended period of time. (references)
	Guatemala	There was been no progress in the case of Sister Dianna Ortiz, who was kidnaped, tortured, and sexually abused by a group of armed men in 1989. The prosecutor on the case, Braulio Guzman, renewed his efforts to finalize the investigative phase of the trial in the fall of 2000 despite logistical constraints. (references)
	Colombia	Cases that already were in their trial phase before this date must continue under the old military penal code. (references)
Political Economy	TAIWAN	However, under the bilateral WTO agreement reached in February 1998, Taiwan began to provide quotas for the import of previously banned pork, poultry, and variety meat products, and agreed to phase in tariff cuts on numerous food products upon accession. (references)
	TAIWAN	Taiwan will phase out the monopoly in wine and beer production after it accedes to the WTO. (references)
	PERU	The Toledo government announced in August 2001 that it would begin a new phase of the privatization program by selling off most remaining state-owned utilities and offering concessions to build and/or operate a range of public facilities. (references)
Trade	Yemen	On March 19, 1999, phase one of the Aden Container Terminal opened under the operation and majority ownership of the Port of Singapore Authority. (references)
	China	Specifically, the bilateral agreement with the United States requires China to eliminate existing quotas for the top U.S. priority products upon accession and phase out remaining quotas, generally by two years but no later than five years after accession. (references)
	Switzerland	This trend, which is still in its beginning phase, is expected to take on significant dimensions in the years to come. (references)
Travel	Uruguay	Electrical current is alternating 50 cycle, 220 volts, single and triple phase. (references)
	Kenya	Utilities: Water and 220 volt 50 Hz single phase and three phase electricity are available. (references)
Women	Mali	The National Committee Against Violence Towards Women links all the NGO's active in preventing FGM. Throughout the year, various NGO's campaigned against FGM. In 1999 the Government instituted a two-phased plan to eliminate all forms of FGM by 2008. The first phase, scheduled for 1999-2004, is intended to be one of education and dissemination of information. (references)
Worker Rights	Burundi	Since most workers are civil servants, government entities are involved in almost every phase of labor negotiations. (references)
	Guatemala	During construction of the plant, DYMEL's workers, most contracted for the duration of the construction phase of the project, formed a union. (references)
	Guatemala	The Prosecutor's Office is handling 38 cases against unionists, 19 cases were in the investigatory phase at year's end. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

Speeches: Phase

Usage Frequency: Phase

Usage in Company Names: Phase

Expressions: Phase

Expressions using "phase": accelerated phase ♦ Airy phase ♦ alert phase ♦ anal phase ♦ assault phase ♦ assume a new phase ♦ automatic phase control ♦ begin a new phase ♦ blast phase ♦ chrominance nonlinear phase ♦ chronic phase ♦ chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia ♦ compile phase ♦ compiling phase ♦ critical phase ♦ current per phase ♦ differential phase ♦ directional phase changer ♦ directional phase shifter ♦ dispersed phase ♦ dispersing phase ♦ distress phase ♦ emergency phase ♦ fertile phase ♦ final phase ♦ Follicular Phase ♦ full phase of the moon ♦ G0 Phase ♦ G1 phase ♦ G2 Phase ♦ gap 1 phase ♦ genital phase ♦ glassy phase ♦ implementation phase ♦ in phase ♦ initial phase ♦ latency phase ♦ learning phase ♦ Luteal Phase ♦ menstrual phase ♦ new phase of the moon ♦ oral phase ♦ out of phase ♦ phallic phase ♦ phase (Not equivalent to "phase" in British usage) ♦ phase (not recommended) ♦ phase alternate line ♦ phase alternating line ♦ phase alternation line ♦ phase angle ♦ phase change ♦ phase change material ♦ phase changer ♦ phase comparison ♦ phase conductor ♦ phase converter ♦ phase detector ♦ phase difference ♦ phase displacement ♦ phase down ♦ phase Encoded ♦ phase hit ♦ phase I trial ♦ phase I/II trial ♦ phase II enzyme ♦ phase II trial ♦ phase II/III trial ♦ phase III trial ♦ phase in ♦ phase indicator ♦ phase IV trial ♦ phase jitter ♦ phase jump ♦ phase lag ♦ phase lead ♦ phase line ♦ phase locus ♦ phase meter ♦ phase modulation ♦ phase of cell division ♦ phase of the moon ♦ phase of vibration ♦ phase out ♦ phase relations ♦ phase relationship ♦ phase rule ♦ phase segregated terminal box ♦ phase shift ♦ phase shift keying ♦ phase shifter ♦ phase splitter ♦ phase splitting ♦ phase transformation ♦ phase transition ♦ phase velocity ♦ phase wander ♦ Postimplantation Phase ♦ Preimplantation Phase ♦ preparatory phase ♦ S Phase ♦ secretory phase. Additional references.
Hyphenated Usage
	Beginning with "phase": phase-changer, phase-changing, phase-coherent, phase-contrast, phase-diagram, phase-in, phase-lag, phase-locked, phase-locked-loop, phase-locking, phase-melting, phase-modulate, phase-modulated, phase-one, phase-out, phase-related, phase-sensitive, phase-shift, phase-shift, phase-shifter, phase-shifter, phase-shift-keyed, phase-split, phase-wrapping.
	Ending with "phase": cross-phase, five-phase, four-phase, gas-phase, in-phase, multi-phase, n-phase, out-of-phase, second-phase, s-phase, three-phase, two-phase.
	Containing "phase": Acute-Phase Proteins, Acute-Phase Reaction, one-phase-on, single-phase motor, three-phase converter, three-phase motor, two-phase commit, two-phase current, two-phase-on.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Frequency of Internet Keywords: Phase

Modern Translations: Phase

Language		Translations for "phase"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Afrikaan		fase (stage). (various references)

Albanian		fazë (cycle, grade, leg, stage, timing). (various references)

Arabic		‏فترة (epoch, era, interval, period, qualifying period, season, spell, stage, term, time, while), ‏مرحلة (degree, grade, juncture, lap, period, point, stage, step), ‏مظهر (air, appearance, aspect, exhibitory, exterior, face, figure, form, guise, look, manifestation, mien, presentation, semblance, shape, show, showing, visage), ‏وجه من أوجه القمر, ‏حالة (case, circumstance, condition, conjuncture, drama, estate, event, feather, fettle, incident, job, manner, nick, occurrence, picture, place, plight, pose, position, posture, rate, shape, situation, state, status, trim, way, weather, whack), ‏طور (age, develop, evolve, improve, incubate, promote, stage), ‏جانب (aspect, board, border, flank, hand, part, portion, quarter, side). (various references)

Bulgarian		стадий (gradations, plane, point, stadium, stage, state), четвърт (quarter), фациес, фаза (avatar, leg, quarter, stage), клема (clamp, cleat, post, snap, tap, terminal), осъществявам постепенно, етап на развитие, период (age, circle, cycle, date, epoch, period, repetend, season, spell, term, time), извършвам на фази. (various references)

Chinese		阶段 (Phases, stage), 時期 (a period in time or history, period, time), 期 (a period of time, period, stage, term, time, to hope), 局面 (aspect, situation), 層次 (administrative level, arrangement of ideas, level, stage). (various references)

Czech		promìna (change, metastasis, transformation, transmutation), stupeò (degree, grade, order, pitch, point, rank, rate, rung, stage, step, tier), rozvrhnout (itemize, lay out), období (epoch, period, season, spell, stage, term), fázovat, fáze (lap, stage), etapa (lap). (various references)

Danish		fase (stage, step, transmittal step). (various references)

Dutch		fase (stage), kwartier (abode, accommodation, dwelling, quarter of an hour, residence, stage). (various references)

Esperanto		fazo (stage). (various references)

Farsi		پایه (Base, Basis, Bedrock, Buttress, Cantilever, Column, Degree, Ground, Groundwork, Leg, Mark, Measure, Mount, Outrigger, Pillar, Prop, Root, Sill, Stage, Stalk, Stanchion, Status, Stock, Stratum), منظر (Appearance, Aspect, Face, Hue, Image, Leer, Phantom, Spectrum, Visage, Wraith), مرحله ای کردن , مرحله (Grade, Order, Point, Process, Rung, Scene, Stadium, Stage), لحاظ (Light, Perspective, Viewpoint), وضع (Aspect, Behavior, Deduction, Demeanour, Gesture, Imposition, Lie, Mien, Ordonnance, Poise, Pose, Position, Posture, Self, Setup, Situation, Speed, Stance, Station, Status, Stick, Trim), وجهه , صورت (Aspect, Effigy, Face, Figure, Hue, Invoice, List, Medal, Roll, Roster, Schedule, Shape, Sign, Visage), جنبه (Aspect, Leer, Prospect, Self, Sight), اهله قمر, دوره تحول وتغییر. (various references)

Finnish		vaihe (stage, vicissitude), jakso (cycle, period, section, sequence, series, succession). (various references)

French		phase (phase conductor, phasing). (various references)

Frisian		faze (stage). (various references)

German		Phase (grade, stage), Stadium (stadium, stage). (various references)

Greek		φάση (stage). (various references)

Hawaiian		fazë (stage). (various references)

Hebrew		מופע (amplitude, appearance, argument), שלב (grade, joint, stage, step), פאזה. (various references)

Hungarian		mozzanat (circumstantiality, momentum, technicality), fázis (period). (various references)

Indonesian		tahap, gelombang (facet, surge, wave), fase. (various references)

Italian		fase (period, stage, stroke). (various references)

Japanese Kanji		部面 , 相 (aspect, countenance, fellow, mutually, together), 事相 (aspect, phenomenon), フェーリング反応 (a feint, face, facial, fader, fail, fail-safe, failure, fair, fair catch, fair copy, fair play, fair sex, fairway, fairy, fairy tale, fairyland, fake, fare, fear, feather, feather plane, feathercut, Fehling's reaction, phaser, phasing, phasor), フィールド競技 (face, face sheet, face value, face-card, face-off, fade, fade ball, fade-in, fade-out, fatal, Federation Internationale de Nation Amateur cup, FI, fiance, fiction, field events, fielder's choice, fifty-fifty, figurative, figure, figure skating, Fiji, filament, filaria, filibuster, fill, fill-in, film, film library, film net, filter, filter-bank, filtering, fin, FINA cup, finale, finger, finger bowl, fingering, finish, Finland, fiscal policy, fish, fish meal, fishing, fit, fitness, fitness shoes, fitting, fitting room, fix, fixed, fixer, fjord, FO, Philadelphia, philanthropy, philharmonic, philharmonie, Philippines, Philips, philosophy, physical, physical protection, questionnaire that asks for a demographic profile, vinyl drainpipe with fins), 位相 , 形相 (aspect, features, form, look). (various references)

Japanese Katakana		ぎょうそう (aspect, features, form, look), フェーズ , フェイズ , そう (all, aspect, bed, cellar, class, conception, countenance, depository, destroy, elevator, ever, ex-, feel pain, former, formerly, general, go around, godown, granary, gross, idea, layer, magazine, monk, never, once before, originate, priest, seam, start, stream, suffer, thought, to accompany, to be added to, to be adjusted to, to become married, to comply with, to follow, to marry, to meet, to run along, to satisfy, to suit, treasury, warehouse, whole), ぶめん, いそう (posthumous works, removal, transfer, transport), けいそう (a conflict, a dispute, aspect, contention, controversy, diatom, dispute, features, flighty, form, instrumentation, lightweight equipment or dress, look, relay race, thoughtless), じそう (acolyte, aspect, children, phenomenon, tense). (various references)

Korean		단계 (Phases, STEP, Step-, steps). (various references)

Manx		keim (amble, caste, degree, estate, grade, of high rank, pace, pitch, position, shortcut, stage, standard, station, step, stile). (various references)

Papiamen		fase (stage). (various references)

Pig Latin		asephay

Portuguese		fase (angle, period, stadium, step). (various references)

Romanian		laturã (aspect, leg, side), introduce (admit, bring in, denizen, drive, enter, establish, Herald, infix, insert, interpolate, introduce, make, mix in, offer, phase in, precede, present, put in, set, slip in, tender, usher), fazã (phasis, stage), etapã (journey, lap, period, run, stage), aspect (appearance, aspect, cast, character, complexion, conformation, facet, figure, form, guise, look, person, physiognomy, shape, similitude). (various references)

Russian		фаза (leg). (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		mena (change, cycle, vicissitude), faza (live wire, stage). (various references)

Spanish		fase (lap, leg, light, stage, time). (various references)

Swedish		fas (appearance, aspect, bevel, cant, stage), skede (era, period). (various references)

Turkish		safhalarla gerçekleşmek, safha (stage), kesim (cut, cutting, fraction, part, section, slaughter), faz (phasic), evre (degree, stage, state), değişik fazlar uygulamak, bölge (area, belt, circumscription, climate, corner, department, district, division, latitude, parts, precinct, quarter, region, section, sector, sky, territory, tract, ward, zone), aşamalı olarak yapmak, aşama (cycle, degree, estate, gradation, grade, half-way house, instance, pitch, process, rank, stage, strand, tier). (various references)

Ukranian		сторона (aspect, bearing, camp, flank, way), стадія (period, point, stage), фазувати, фаза (stage), здійснювати поступовий перехід, аспект (aspect, bearing, complexion, facet, side, way). (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Ancestral Language Translations: Phase

Bible Trace: Phase

Matched Bible Translations: Phase

Language	Numbers Chapter 9, Verse 12
Cebuano	Dili sila magasalin niini hangtud sa buntag, ni magabunggo sa bukog niana; sumala sa tibook nga balaod sa pasko pagasaulogon nila kana.
Croatian	neka ništa od nje ne ostavljaju za ujutro; neka ni jedne kosti na njoj ne lome. Neka je slave prema propisima Pashe.
Danish	De må intet levne deraf til næste Morgen, og de må ikke sønderbryde noget af dets Ben. De skal fejre Påsken i Overensstemmelse med alle de Anordninger, som gælder for den.
Dutch	Zij zullen daarvan niet overlaten tot den morgen, en zullen daaraan geen been breken; naar alle inzetting van het pascha zullen zij dat houden.
Finnish	Älkööt he jättäkö siitä mitään seuraavaan aamuun älköötkä siitä luuta rikkoko. Kaikkien pääsiäistä koskevien käskyjen mukaan he viettäkööt sitä.
French	Ils n`en laisseront rien jusqu`au matin, et ils n`en briseront aucun os. Ils la célébreront selon toutes les ordonnances de la Pâque.
German	und sie sollen nichts davon übriglassen, bis morgen, auch kein Bein daran zerbrechen und sollen's nach aller Weise des Passah halten.
Haitian Creole	Yo p'ap gen dwa kite anyen pou denmen maten, ni yo pa fèt pou yo kraze okenn zo bèt yo touye a. Y'a fè tout bagay dapre regleman mwen bay pou fete fèt Delivrans lan.
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari	Jangan tinggalkan apa-apa dari makanan itu sampai besok paginya, dan jangan mematahkan satu pun dari tulang binatang yang dipersembahkan kepada-Ku. Rayakanlah Paskah itu sesuai dengan segala peraturannya.
Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama	Dan jangan ditinggalkannya sisanya datang ke pagi hari dan lagi jangan dipatahkannya barang suatu tulangnya, maka hendaklah disediakannya Pasah itu setuju dengan segala perintahnya.
Italian	non ne serberanno alcun resto fino al mattino e non ne spezzeranno alcun osso. La celebreranno secondo tutte le leggi della pasqua.
Maori	Kaua tetahi wahi o tena mea e whakatoea e ratou mo te ata, kaua ano hoki e whatiia tetahi o ona wheua; kia rite ki nga tikanga katoa o te kapenga ta ratou mahinga i tena mahi.
Norwegian	De skal ikke levne noget av det til om morgenen og ikke bryte noget ben på det; de skal i ett og alt holde påsken efter loven som gjelder om den.
Portuguese	Dela não deixarão nada até pela manhã, nem quebrarão dela osso algum; segundo todo o estatuto da páscoa a celebrarão.
Rumanian	Sq nu lase din ele nimic pknq a doua zi dimineaya, wi sq nu frkngq niciun os din ele. Sq le prqznuiascq dupq toate poruncile privitoare la Pawte.
Russian	Й РХУФШ ОЕ ПУФБЧМСАФ ПФ ОЕЕ ДП ХФТБ Й ЛПУФЕК ЕЕ ОЕ УПЛТХЫБАФ; РХУФШ УПЧЕТЫБФ ЕЕ РП ЧУЕН ХУФБЧБН П рБУИЕ;
Spanish	No dejarán nada de ella para el siguiente día, ni quebrarán ninguno de sus huesos. La celebrarán conforme a todo el estatuto de la Pascua.
Swedish	Intet därav skall lämnas kvar till morgonen, och intet ben skall sönderslås därpå. I alla stycken skall påskhögtiden hållas såsom stadgat är därom.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
Entry	Source	Expression	Field
PHASE	English	Physical forcing and biogeochemical fluxes in shallow coastal ecosystems	Environment
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

Context	Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).
Circumstance	Noun: circumstance, situation, phase, position, posture, attitude, place, point; terms; regime; footing, standing, status.
Continuance in action	Verb: be converted into; become, get, wax; come to, turn to, turn into, evolve into, develop into; turn out, lapse, shift; run into, fall into, pass into, slide into, glide into, grow into, ripen into, open into, resolve itself into, settle into, merge into, emerge as; melt, grow, come round to, mature, mellow; assume the form of, assume the shape of, assume the state of, assume the nature of, assume the character of; illapse; begin a new phase, assume a new phase, undergo a change.
	Passage; transit, transition; transmigration, shifting; Verb: phase; conjugation; convertibility.
Form	Feature, lineament, turn; phase; (aspect); posture, attitude, pose.
Revolution	Noun: revolution, bouleversement, subversion, break up; destruction; sudden change, radical change, sweeping organic change; change of state, phase change; quantum leap, quantum jump; clean sweep, coup d'etat, counter revolution.
Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

Author	Quotation
James Allen	Harmony is one phase of the law whose spiritual expression is love.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Title	Author	Quote
Les Miserables	Hugo, Victor	What phase of your character do you show in tergiversation?
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man	Joyce, James	The first phase of apprehension is a bounding line drawn about the object to be apprehended.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Speaker	Term	Phrase(s)
Harry S. Truman	1945-1953	The power which the United States demonstrated during the war is the fact that underlies every phase of our relations with other countries.
John F. Kennedy	1961-1963	Free Europe is entering into a new phase of its long and brilliant history.
Jimmy Carter	1977-1981	We have completed our first phase of mobilization planning, the first such Presidentially-directed effort since World War II.
Ronald Reagan	1981-1989	We've just implemented the first and smallest phase of a three-year tax-rate reduction plan designed to stimulate the economy and create jobs.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Noun (singular)	99.61%	4,623	2,117
Lexical Verb (infinitive)	0.37%	17	85,106
Lexical Verb (base form)	0.02%	1	339,140
Total	100.00%	4,641	N/A

Expression	Frequency per Day	Expression	Frequency per Day
moon phase	2,938	3 phase	40
phase converter	194	moon phase watch	40
moon phase calendar	191	rotary phase converter	39
out of phase	165	new phase	38
lunar phase	130	3 phase converter	37
luteal phase	121	atkins induction phase	37
phase 10	97	winans phase 2	34
phase 2	96	phase ii	34
phase 4 orthotics	87	electric phase	33
luteal phase defect	79	three phase transformer	31
current moon phase	63	delayed sleep phase syndrome	30
phase diagram	57	phase technology	30
2003 moon phase	56	phase lock loop	29
critique des entreprises phase	54	short luteal phase	28
phase linear	54	fishing moon phase	27
phase one	53	phase locked loop	27
phase 4	51	3 phase power	27
moon phase picture	48	three phase power	26
three phase motor	43	atkins diet induction phase	26
change material phase	41	chart of phase of the moon	25
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Language	Period	Translations
Greek	700 BCE-300 CE	phasis. (various references)
Latin	500 BCE-Modern	fantasiam. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Language	Date	Source	Numbers Chapter 9, Verse 12
Greek (transliterated)	250 BC	Septuagint	Ou kataleiyousin ap' autou eiV to prwi kai ostoun ou suntriyousin ap' autou kata ton nomon tou pasca poihsousin auto
Latin	405	Vulgate	Non relinquent ex eo quippiam usque mane et os eius non confringent omnem ritum phase observabunt
Middle English	1395	Wyclif	Thei shulen not leeue of it eny thing vnto the morwe, and boon of it thei shulen not breeke; al the rijt of phase thei shulen kepe.
Renaissance English	1526	Tyndale	Ad let them leaue none of it vnto the mornynge nor breake any boone of it. And acordynge to all the ordinaunce of the Passeouer let them offer it.
Jacobean English	1611	King James	They shall leave none of it unto the morning, nor break any bone of it: according to all the ordinances of the passover they shall keep it.
Victorian English	1833	Webster	They shall leave none of it to the morning, nor break any bone of it: according to all the ordinances of the passover they shall keep it.
Basic English	1964	Ogden	Nothing of it is to be kept till the morning, and no bone of it is to be broken: they are to keep it by the rules of the Passover.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Derivations
	Words beginning with "phase": phaseal, phased, phasedown, phasedowns, phaseout, phaseouts, phases. (additional references)
	Words ending with "phase": anaphase, diphase, diplophase, inphase, interphase, metaphase, multiphase, photophase, polyphase, prophase, subphase, telophase, triphase. (additional references)
	Words containing "phase": anaphases, diplophases, emphases, interphases, metaphases, misemphases, overemphases, photophases, prophases, reemphases, subphases, telophases, underemphases. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Phase" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: bhsai, fase, pahsien, pase, pasee, pashe, peaze, pha, Phac, phace, phade, phae, Phaer, phake, pharse, Pharsee, phasal, Phasenko, phaser, phashe, phasi, phasic, phass, phate, phaue, phaz, phaze, phee, phere, phese, phie, phis, phise, phish, phism, phist, Phoca, phos, Phus, phuse, Physa, Ppiase. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "phase" (pronounced fā"z)
3	f ā" z	cafes, faze.
2	-ā" z	ablaze, allays, amaze, appraise, arrays, baize, ballets, bays, berets, betrays, blase, blaze, bouquets, braise, cabernets, chaise, chalets, clays, cliches, communiques, conveys, craze, dais, days, daze, decays, defrays, delays, dismays, displays, dossiers, essays, filets, gays, gaze, glaze, Grays, graze, Hays, haze, jays, Kays, lase, lays, leis, leys, Lyonnaise, Maes, maize, malaise, Mays, maze, morays, nays, obeys, okays, pays, phrase, plays, polonaise, portrays, praise, prays, preys, raise, Rase, rays, raze, reappraise, repays, rephrase, replays, Res, shays, sprays, stays, strays, surveys, sways, todays, trays, urokinase, ways, weighs, yeas.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Direct Anagrams: ephas, heaps, shape.
	Words within the letters "a-e-h-p-s"
	-1 letter: apes, apse, epha, haes, haps, hasp, heap, pase, pash, peas, pehs, shea, spae.
	-2 letters: ape, ash, asp, hae, hap, has, hep, hes, pah, pas, pea, peh, pes, sae, sap, sea, sha, she, spa.
	-3 letters: ae, ah, as, eh, es, ha, he, pa, pe, sh.
	Words containing the letters "a-e-h-p-s"
	+1 letter: alephs, chapes, cheaps, ephahs, hasped, pashed, pashes, phages, phased, phases, phrase, raphes, seraph, shaped, shapen, shaper, shapes, sherpa, spahee, spathe.
	+2 letters: apaches, apheses, aphesis, aphides, chapels, cheapos, daphnes, diphase, eparchs, hampers, hapaxes, hapless, happens, haptens, harpers, harpies, hepcats, heptads, inphase, pakehas, parches, patches, peaches, peahens, peakish, pechans, perhaps, phaseal, phrased, phrases, plashed, plasher, plashes, poaches, prewash, pshawed, reshape, rhaphes, saphead, saphena, schappe, seraphs, shakeup, shapely, shapers, shapeup, sharped, sharpen, sharper, sharpie, sherpas, shoepac, spahees, spathed, spathes, spheral, teashop, tephras, threaps, upheaps.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Country	Name
USA	Phase Metrics, Inc.
	(more examples...)

Phase

Definitions: Phase

Phase

Noun

Verb

Specialty Definitions: Phase

Specialty Definition: Phase

Phase (matter)

Phase (waves)

Abbreviations & Acronyms: Phase

PHASE

Synonyms: Phase

Synonyms within Context: Phase

Circumstance

Continuance in action

Form

Revolution

Crosswords: Phase

Modern Usage: Phase

Screenplays

Lyrics

Movie/TV Titles

Commercial Usage: Phase

Books

Periodicals

Theater & Movies

Music

High Tech

Image Slideshow: Phase

Photos:Phase

Illustrations:Phase

Photo Album: Phase

Familiar Quotations: Phase

James Allen

Use in Literature: Phase

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

Joyce, James

Non-Fiction Usage: Phase

Speeches: Phase

Harry S. Truman

John F. Kennedy

Jimmy Carter

Ronald Reagan

Usage Frequency: Phase

Usage in Company Names: Phase

Phase Metrics, Inc.

Expressions: Phase

Frequency of Internet Keywords: Phase

Modern Translations: Phase

Afrikaan

Albanian

Arabic

Bulgarian

Chinese

Czech

Danish

Dutch

Photos:
Phase

Illustrations:
Phase