Petrify

Definitions: Petrify

Petrify

Verb

1. Cause to become stone-like or stiff; "The horror petrified his feelings"; "Fear petrified her thinking".

2. Change into stone; "the wood petrified with time".

Date "petrify" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1588. (references)

Synonym: Petrify

Synonym: lapidify (v). (additional references)

Context	Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).
Density	Verb: be dense. Adjective: become solid, render solid. Adjective: solidify, solidate; concrete, set, take a set, consolidate, congeal, coagulate; curd, curdle; lopper; fix, clot, cake, candy, precipitate, deposit, cohere, crystallize; petrify. (harden).
Excitation	Agitate, perturb, ruffle, fluster, shake, disturb, startle, shock, stagger; give one a shock, give one a turn; strike all of a heap; stun, astound, electrify, galvanize, petrify.
Fear	Inspire fear, excite fear, inspire awe, excite awe; raise aprehensions; be in a daze, bulldoze; faze, feeze; give an alarm, raise an alarm, sound an alarm; alarm, startle, scare, cry " wolf," disquiet, dismay; fright, frighten, terrify; astound; fright from one's propriety; fright out of one's senses, fright out of one's wits, fright out of one's seven senses; awe; strike all of a heap, strike an awe into, strike terror; harrow up the soul, appall, unman, petrify, horrify; pile on the agony.
Hardness	Verb: render hard. Adjective: harden, stiffen, indurate, petrify, temper, ossify, vitrify; accrust.
Refrigeration	Verb: cool, fan, refrigerate, refresh, ice; congeal, freeze, glaciate; benumb, starve, pinch, chill, petrify, chill to the marrow, regelate, nip, cut, pierce, bite, make one's teeth chatter,
Wonder	Surprise, astonish, amaze, astound; dumfound, dumfounder; startle, dazzle; daze; strike, strike with wonder, strike with awe; electrify; stun, stupefy, petrify, confound, bewilder, flabbergast, stagger, throw on one's beam ends, fascinate, turn the head, take away one's breath, strike dumb; make one's hair stand on end, make one's tongue cleave to the roof of one's mouth; make one stare.
Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

Crosswords: Petrify

English words defined with "petrify": Gorgonize ♦ Petrificate. (references)

Etymologies containing "petrify": lamprey ♦ Petrifaction, Petrificate. (references)

Domain	Title
Books	A War to Petrify the Heart: The Civil War Letters of a Dutchess County, N.Y. Volunteer (reference) (more book examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

"Petrify" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 75.00% of the time. "Petrify" is used about 4 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Lexical Verb (infinitive)	75%	3	202,518
Lexical Verb (base form)	25%	1	339,140
Total	100.00%	4	N/A

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Language		Translations for "petrify"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Albanian		shtang (astound, dumbfound, fascinate, knock out, paralyse, paralyze), ngurtësoj (congeal, harden, solidify, stiffen), nguros. (various references)

Arabic		‏نشل من الخوف, ‏حجر (congeal, fossilize, harden, quarantine, scree, sear, send, stone, transfix), ‏تحجر (congeal, congealment, ossify, petrifaction, solidify), ‏تسمر في مكانه, ‏إستحجر. (various references)

Bulgarian		слисвам се, вцепенявам се, вкаменявам (fossilize), изумявам се, изумявам (amaze, overwhelm, stupefy). (various references)

Czech		ztvrdnout (harden, solidify), ztuhnout (concrete, freeze, harden, solidify, stiffen), zkamenìt (fossilize). (various references)

Farsi		متحجرکردن , گیج کردن (Astonish, Befuddle, Bemuse, Bewilder, Confound, Confuse, Daze, Distract, Fox, Fuzz, Knockdown, Muddle, Perplex, Stump, Stun, Stupefy), سنگ کردن یاشدن , ازکارانداختن (Devitalise(Ze), Disable, Paralyze). (various references)

French		paralyser de peur, pétrifier, tétaniser, se pétrifier, clouer sur place de peur. (various references)

German		versteinern (fossilize, harden, to fossilize, to petrify, to turn into stone). (various references)

Greek		απολιθώνω (calcify, fossilize). (various references)

Hebrew		לאבן (change into stone, fossilize, lapidify), להתאבן (become petrified, fossilize). (various references)

Hungarian		megkövesít (to petrify), kõvé mered, elképeszt (flabbergast, stupefy, to abash, to bewilder, to bowl over, to flummox, to flurry, to nonplus, to sensationalize, to stupefy). (various references)

Indonesian		membatu (artificial diamond, mile stone). (various references)

Italian		pietrificarsi, terrorizzare (terrify, terrorize), impietrire (become petrified). (various references)

Manx		jannoo clagh jeh, claghaghey (petrification), agglaghey yn annym ass. (various references)

Pig Latin		etrifypay

Portuguese		petrificar-se, petrificar (calcify, Foster, transfix), petrificação (petrification), ficar imóvel de espanto, assombrar (amaze, astonish, astound, bemuse, daze, haunt, stupefy, surprise). (various references)

Romanian		preface în stanã de piatrã, pietrifica (calcify), se pietrifica, i se împietri inimã, fosiliza, deveni insensibil. (various references)

Russian		остолбенеть, оцепенеть (benumb), окаменевать, превращать в камень (lapidify). (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		petrifikovati, okameniti (fossilize, lapidify). (various references)

Spanish		petrificar. (various references)

Swedish		förstena (lapidify). (various references)

Turkish		taşlaştırmak (fossilize), taşlaşmak, taş kesmek, serseme çevirmek (bemuse, confuse, dumbfound, make giddy, send smb. reeling), donakalmak (be paralysed, be petrified, freeze, stand aghast). (various references)

Ukranian		уражати (affect, afflict, astonish, astound, attack, nettle, strike), кам'яніти, остовпіти, паралізувати (benumb, checkmate, palsy, paralyse, paralyze). (various references)

Welsh		caregu (stone). (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Derivations
	Words beginning with "petrify": petrifying. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Petrify" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: ertify, perdify, perif, pertify, petrifier. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "petrify" (pronounced pe"trufī')
5	-t r u f ī'	electrify, gentrify.
4	-r u f ī'	clarify, glorify, horrify, purify, terrify, verify.
3	-u f ī'	acidify, amplify, beautify, calcify, certify, classify, codify, crucify, decertify, declassify, deify, demystify, detoxify, dignify, disqualify, diversify, edify, exemplify, falsify, fortify, gratify, identify, indemnify, intensify, justify, liquefy, magnify, misidentify, modify, mollify, mortify, mummify, mystify, notify, nullify, ossify, oversimplify, pacify, personify, qualify, quantify, ramify, ratify, reclassify, rectify, requalify, reunify, signify, simplify, solidify, specify, stratify, stultify, testify, typify, unify, vilify.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "e-f-i-p-r-t-y"
	-1 letter: ferity, pyrite, typier.
	-2 letters: fiery, piety, refit, reify, tripe.
	-3 letters: fire, fret, frit, peri, pert, pier, pity, prey, pyre, reft, reif, rife, rift, ripe, rite, tier, tire, tref, trey, trip, tyer, type, tyre, yeti, yipe.
	-4 letters: eft, fer, fet, fey, fie, fir, fit, fry, ire, per, pet, pie, pit, pry, pye, ref, rei, rep.
	Words containing the letters "e-f-i-p-r-t-y"
	+1 letter: prettify, typifier.
	+2 letters: prenotify, typifiers.
	+3 letters: petrifying, precertify, putrefying.
	+4 letters: imperfectly, prettifying, superfluity.
	+5 letters: perfectively, perfectivity, pettifoggery, prenotifying, proficiently, profligately.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.