Perennial

Definitions: Perennial

Perennial

Adjective

1. (botany) lasting three seasons or more; "the common buttercup is a popular perennial plant".

2. Lasting an indefinitely long time; suggesting self-renewal; "perennial happiness".

3. Recurring again and again; "perennial efforts to stipulate the requirements".

Noun

1. A plant lasting for three seasons or more.

Date "perennial" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references)

Domain	Definitions
Avian	Referring to an organism that lives for more than one year (Ricklefs 1979:876). (references)
Health	Lasting through the year of for several years. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Synonyms: Perennial

Synonyms: recurrent (adj), repeated (adj). (additional references)

Antonyms: annual (adj), biennial (adj). (additional references)

Context	Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).
Continuity	Adjective: continuous, continued; consecutive; progressive, gradual; serial, successive; immediate, unbroken, entire; linear; in a line, in a row; Noun: uninterrupted, unintermitting; unremitting, unrelenting (perseverence) a; perennial, evergreen; constant.
Diuturnity	Adjective: durable; lasting; Verb: of long duration, of long-standing; permanent, endless, chronic, long-standing; intransient, intransitive; intransmutable, persistent; lifelong, livelong; longeval, long-lived, macrobiotic, diuturnal, evergreen, perennial; sempervirent, sempervirid; unrelenting, unintermitting, unremitting; perpetual.
Stability	Adjective: unchangeable, immutable; unaltered, unalterable; not to be changed, constant; permanent; invariable, undeviating; stable, durable; perennial; (diuturnal).
Vegetable	Annual; perennial, biennial, triennial; exotic.
Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

Crosswords: Perennial

English words defined with "perennial": perennial pea, perennial ragweed, perennial ryegrass. (references)

Specialty definitions using "perennial": Abana, Amana, Angola grass ♦ babies' breath ♦ ebbing and flowing spring ♦ fir-fern rusts, Fountain of the Virgin ♦ holy wars ♦ Intermittent Stream ♦ Perennial Stream, perennial weeds, Permanent vegetative cover ♦ Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ♦ target canker, Trees, Turing tar-pit. (references)

Etymologies containing "perennial": Perennibranchiata, Perennibranchiate. (references)

Non-English Usage: "Perennial" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses.

German (perennial).

Domain	Title
References	Perennial Health Systems, Inc.: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference) (more reference examples)

Books	The Perennial Philosophy (reference) (more book examples)

Periodicals	Perennial Plant Association Proceedings (reference) (more periodical examples)

Music	Perennial Favorites [ENHANCED CD] (reference) (more classical music examples; more popular music examples)

Consumer Goods	Pfaltzgraff Perennial Sculpted Basket - Tea Rose Collection (reference) (more baby examples; more wireless phone examples; more garden examples; more kitchen examples; more tool examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Pheasants and other wildlife species need both food and cover in harsh Iowa winters. It is provided by landowners with both annual and perennial plantings.Credit: Roger Hill.		This fast growing climber is a fairly common tender perennial species that produces two inch, pinkish blue flowers in mid to late Summer. They provide quick covers for lattice, trellis, arbor and chain-link fence, and are a favorite food source for butter.Credit: Dot Paul.
	The appeal of the circus is perennial throughout the land.Credit: Library of Congress.		Perennial pastimes. Reading the pre-historic magazines in a doctor's office.Credit: Library of Congress.
	Perennial garden, High Lawn House, Lenox, Mass.Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Author	Quotation
Edmund Burke	Falsehood has a perennial spring.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Title	Author	Quote
Walden	Thoreau, Henry David	His singleness of purpose and resolution, and his elevated piety, endowed him, without his knowledge, with perennial youth.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Subject	Topic	Quote
Economic History	Yemen	Remittances from Yemenis working abroad and foreign aid paid for perennial trade deficits. (references)
	Philippines	As of end-August 2001, the Philippine peso had lost more than 90% of its value vis-a-vis the U.S. dollar since mid-1997 and currently trades at about 51.00 -51.50/$. Inflation, a perennial problem in the Philippines, is under control and averaged 4.4% in 2000, although cost-push pressure from oil price hikes and a weakening currency emerged during the second half of the year. (references)
	Belgium	With regard to Belgium's perennial institutional issues, the new cabinet has decided to discuss them within the framework of a government-sponsored "constitutional conference." The francophone parties demand additional financial means for francophone schools, while the Flemish parties are in favor of greater "fiscal autonomy" for the Flemish regional government. (references)
Political Economy	Brazil	The PSDB is challenged by perennial PT candidate Luiz da Silva on the left and a host of other national and populist candidates, including Minas Gerais Governor and former President Itamar Franco. (references)
Travel	Costa Rica	The perennial spring climate, scenic beauty, housing, food, and ancillary services make Costa Rica a comfortable place to live. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

"Perennial" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 99.33% of the time. "Perennial" is used about 300 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Adjective (general or positive)	99.33%	298	16,826
Noun (proper)	0.67%	2	245,945
Total	100.00%	300	N/A

Expressions using "perennial": herbaceous perennial plant ♦ perennial pea ♦ perennial ragweed ♦ perennial ryegrass ♦ perennial salt marsh aster ♦ perennial weeds ♦ perennial youth. Additional references.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Language		Translations for "perennial"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Albanian		shumëvjeçar (longeval, longevous, yearlong), i vazhdueshëm (ceaseless, chronic, constant, continual, continued, continuous, endless, frequent, incessant, lingering, niggling, non-stop, permanent, perpetual, persistent, regular, running, steady, unbroken, uninterrupted), i përjetshëm (eternal, everlasting, lifelong, perdurable, perpetual, timeless, uncaused, undying, wakeless), i përhershëm (chronic, confirmed, constant, eternal, everlasting, fadeless, immortal, immutable, lasting, perdurable, permanent, perpetual, persistent, sempiternal, settled), gjithëvjetor, bimë shumëvjeçare. (various references)

Arabic		‏نبتة معمرة, ‏سرمدي (eternal, immortal, indissoluble, sempiternal, timeless, undying, unending), ‏خالد (deathless, eternally, immortal, imperishable, timeless, undying). (various references)

Bulgarian		целогодишен (year-round), траещ през цялата година, вечен (constant, continual, endless, eternal, everlasting, imperishable, incessant, indissoluble, interminable, never ending, perdurable, perpetual, sempiternal, timeless, undying, unfading, unperishing), многогодишно растение, многодишен, постоянен (abiding, changeless, chronic, constant, continuous, direct, firm, fixed, frequent, hourly, immovable, invariable, lasting, minutely, permanent, perpetual, persistent, regular, secular, settled, stable, standing, static, steadfast, steady, stock, substantive, sustained, unalterable, undeviating, unfailing, unidirectional, uniform, uninterrupted, unvaried). (various references)

Chinese		四季不断. (various references)

Czech		víceletý, trvalka, trvalý (abiding, constant, enduring, everlasting, lasting, permanent, perpetual, persistent, retentive), stálý (constant, durable, enduring, equable, eternal, fast, firm, indissoluble, invariable, permanent, protracted, regular, sessile, stable, standing, static, stationary, steady, unchangeable). (various references)

Danish		varig, staude, stadig tilbagevendende, hele aaret varende, helaarig, fleraarig plante, flerårig. (various references)

Dutch		permanent (constantly, continually, continuous, continuously, permanent). (various references)

Farsi		پایا (Durable), همیشگی (Continual, Eternal, Habitual, Perpetual, Usual), همه ساله , جاودانی (Eternal, Eternity, Everlasting, Perpetuity), ابدی (Eternal, Everlasting, Immortal, Permanent, Perpetual, Uncreated), داءمی (Ceaseless, Constant, Continual, Eternal). (various references)

Finnish		perenna, kokovuotinen. (various references)

French		plante vivace, persistant, permanent, perpétuel (permanent, perpetual), permanent (permanent, perpetual), pérenne, pérenne/pérennant, vivace, éternel (perpetual). (various references)

German		beständig (consistent, constant, constantly, continual, durable, inextinguishable, invariably, lasting, permanent, persistent, proof, resistant, settled, stable, steadfast, steady, sustained), perennierend, perennial, dauernd (abiding, constant, constantly, continual, continuing, continuous, continuously, enduring, lasting, perennially, permanent, perpetually). (various references)

Greek		συνεχούς ροής, μακρόβιο φυτό, μονίμου ροής, πολυετέσ φυτόν, πολυετές φυτό, πολυετής, χρόνιος (chronic), αέναος, αιώνιος (eternal), αιωνόβιοσ (age long), αειθαλής (evergreen), ολοετήσ, διηνεκήσ. (various references)

Hebrew		ש� תי (annual, yearly), איתן (cast iron, firm, immovable, mighty, permanent, solid, steady, strong, sturdy, substantial), רב ש� תי. (various references)

Hungarian		örökkévaló (ageless, eternal, everlasting, holy one, never ending, perpetual, sempiternal), örök (dateless, eternal, perpetual, persistent), évelõ növény (hardy annual). (various references)

Indonesian		tumbuhan yang tetap hijau, abadi (abiding, enduring, eternal, everlasting, immortal, lasting, perpetual). (various references)

Italian		perenne (everlasting, perpetual, quenchless). (various references)

Japanese Kanji		薄雪草 , �"�茶�"" (variety of perennial which grows in mountainous regions), 宿� �草 (perennial plant), 多年草 (perennial plant), 多年�"�植物 (perennial plant), 不老 (perennial youth), 万年新� (woman of perennial youth). (various references)

Japanese Katakana		たね�"そう (perennial plant), たね�"せいしょくぶつ (perennial plant), しゅっ�"�"そう (perennial plant), ま�"ね�"し�"ぞう (woman of perennial youth), うすゆきそう, ふろう (elder, perennial youth, unearned, vagabondage, vagrancy, wander around), あまちゃづる (variety of perennial which grows in mountainous regions). (various references)

Korean		다년생. (various references)

Manx		yl-vleinoil, yl-vleeantagh, sheer- (amaranthine, ceaseless, constant, constantly, continual, continuous, deathless, endless, ever, interminable, lastingly, never ceasing, permanent, permanently, perpetual, perpetually, persistent, persistently, prefix continuous, timeless, undying, unending), lus sheer-vio, car ny bleeaney (all the year round). (various references)

Pig Latin		erennialpay

Portuguese		perene (eternal), planta vivaz, permanente (abiding, consolidated, constant, continual, everlasting, indelicacy, lasting, perdurable, perm, permanent, perpetual, persistent, pucka, pukka, standing, sustained). (various references)

Romanian		plantã perenã, permanent (abiding, fixed, immanent, lastingly, perm, permanent, permanent wave, permanently, perpetual, standing, steady), peren (evergreen), vivace (Hardy, lively), veşnic (always, continual, continuous, endless, eternal, eternally, everlasting, inextinguishable, livelong, never-dying, perdurable, perennially, perpetual, perpetually, sempiternal, unceasing). (various references)

Russian		круглогодичный (year-round), вечный (ageless, agelong, eternal, everlasting, imperishable, perdurable, sempiternal, timeless, undying), неувядаемый (fadeless, never-fading, unfading), многолетнее растение, длящийся круглый год. (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		večit (eternal, everlasting, perdurable, perpetual, sempiternal, unbegun), mnogogodišnja biljka, koji traje preko cele godine. (various references)

Spanish		planta perenne, perenne (ageless, eternal, eternally, everlasting). (various references)

Swedish		perenn, flerårig. (various references)

Turkish		uzun omürlü bitki, uzun ömürlü (durable, heavy duty, long-lived, serviceable), sürekli (abiding, assiduous, chronic, consistent, consistently, constant, continual, continuous, continuum, durable, enduring, everlasting, habitual, hourly, imprescriptible, incessant, invariable, lasting, non-stop, permanent, perpetual, persistent, running, secular, settled, standing, steady, sustained, unabating, unceasing, unremitting), kalıcı (consistent, lasting, lingering, perdurable, permanent, persistent, residual, stable), çok yıllık bitki. (various references)

Ukranian		щось вічне, що трива�" цілий рік, нев'янучий (fadeless, imperishable, never-fading), багаторічна рослина, багаторічний. (various references)

Vietnamese		vĩnh viễn (ageless, agelong, endless, eternal, eternally, everlasting, forever, indefeasible, perdurable, perpetual), sống lâu năm t�"n tại mãi mãi, có quanh năm, cây lâu năm, bất diệt (deathless, everliving, immortal, immortally, never-dying, sempiternal, undying, unperishing). (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Language	Period	Translations
Latin	500 BCE-Modern	jugis, perennes, perennis. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Derivations
	Words beginning with "perennial": perennially, perennials. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Perennial" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Pararnali, pareneal, peranial, perenial, pereniel, perenniel, perennnial, perenrial, perinial, perinnial, pernenial, pernnial, perrenial, perrennial, Perronneau, Pertenhall, Porteniel, preenniel, prennial, prerenal, Presnail, pyrennial. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "perennial" (pronounced pere"nēul)
5	-e" n ē u l	bicentennial, biennial, centennial, decennial, millennial, quadrennial, triennial.
4	-n ē u l	ceremonial, colonial, intracranial, lineal, matrilineal, matrimonial, menial, patrilineal, testimonial.
3	-ē u l	actuarial, adverbial, adversarial, advertorial, aerial, alluvial, ambassadorial, antibacterial, arboreal, Ariel, arterial, bacterial, biaxial, binomial, biomaterial, bronchial, burial, cereal, coaxial, collegial, colloquial, conspiratorial, convivial, curatorial, custodial, dictatorial, directorial, editorial, endometrial, entrepreneurial, equatorial, ethereal, extraterrestrial, extraterritorial, filial, fluvial, gubernatorial, immaterial, immemorial, imperial, industrial, janitorial, jovial, laryngeal, magisterial, malarial, managerial, marsupial, material, medial, memorial, mercurial, microbial, ministerial, myocardial, nomenclatorial, parochial, pictorial, pluvial, polynomial, primordial, professorial, prosecutorial, proverbial, pseudopodial, radial, raptorial, remedial, reportorial, sartorial, secretarial, senatorial, serial, terrestrial, territorial, tracheal, trivial, tutorial, venereal, vestigial, vitriol.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-e-e-i-l-n-n-p-r"
	-1 letter: perineal.
	-2 letters: aliener, elapine, enplane, pannier, perinea, plainer, planner, praline, repanel.
	-3 letters: aliner, alpine, inaner, lanner, larine, leaner, leaper, lierne, linear, nailer, narine, palier, panier, penial, penile, pennae, penner, pennia, pereia, pineal, pinene, pinnae, pinnal, pinner, planer, rapine, reline, renail, repeal, repine, replan.
	-4 letters: aerie, alien, aline, anele, anile, ariel, arpen, elain, inane, inner.
	Words containing the letters "a-e-e-i-l-n-n-p-r"
	+1 letter: perennials, repaneling.
	+2 letters: perennially, precleaning, repanelling.
	+3 letters: interplanted, isoprenaline, precanceling.
	+4 letters: antipersonnel, convertiplane, impermanently, interpersonal, interpleading, isoprenalines, nonperishable, painterliness, penetratingly, precancelling, premillennial, rhinencephala, septentrional.
	+5 letters: convertiplanes, interpellating, interpellation, interplanetary, nonperishables, overexplaining, premillenarian, presentational, presentimental, rhinencephalic, rhinencephalon.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

50 65 72 65 6E 6E 69 61 6C

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

⁼

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

.--. . .-. . -. -. .. .- .-..

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01010000 01100101 01110010 01100101 01101110 01101110 01101001 01100001 01101100

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#80 &#101 &#114 &#101 &#110 &#110 &#105 &#97 &#108

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0050 0065 0072 0065 006E 006E 0069 0061 006C

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

Country	Name
USA	Perennial Health Systems, Inc.
	(more examples...)

Expression	Frequency per Day	Expression	Frequency per Day
perennial	3,630	shade loving perennial	22
perennial flower	570	flowering perennial	21
perennial plant	282	perennial purple	21
perennial garden	193	planting perennial	20
shade perennial	130	care of perennial	19
bluestone perennial	106	perennial nursery	19
perennial gardening	83	perennial shrub	19
perennial picture	50	salvia perennial	18
perennial seed	35	perennial shade plant	18
perennial catalog	35	perennial photo	17
perennial garden design	33	hibiscus perennial	17
building perennial	33	wholesale perennial	17
annual perennial	31	perennial vegetable	17
perennial garden plan	30	bulb and perennial	17
perennial ground cover	28	perennial herb	17
perennial type	28	texas perennial	17
perennial vine	26	the perennial philosophy	16
flower perennial picture	26	hardy perennial	15
perennial geranium	25	columbine perennial	15
perennial garden flower	22	full sun perennial	15
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Perennial

Definitions: Perennial

Perennial

Adjective

Noun

Specialty Definitions: Perennial

Synonyms: Perennial

Synonyms within Context: Perennial

Continuity

Diuturnity

Stability

Vegetable

Crosswords: Perennial

Commercial Usage: Perennial

References

Books

Periodicals

Music

Consumer Goods

Image Slideshow: Perennial

Photos:Perennial

Illustrations:Perennial

Photo Album: Perennial

Familiar Quotations: Perennial

Edmund Burke

Use in Literature: Perennial

Walden

Thoreau, Henry David

Non-Fiction Usage: Perennial

Usage Frequency: Perennial

Usage in Company Names: Perennial

Perennial Health Systems, Inc.

Expressions: Perennial

Frequency of Internet Keywords: Perennial

Modern Translations: Perennial

Albanian

Arabic

Bulgarian

Chinese

Czech

Danish

Dutch

Farsi

Finnish

French

German

Greek

Hebrew

Hungarian

Indonesian

Italian

Japanese Kanji

Japanese Katakana

Korean

Manx

Pig Latin

Portuguese

Romanian

Russian

Serbo-Croatian

Spanish

Swedish

Turkish

Ukranian

Vietnamese

Ancestral Language Translations: Perennial

Derivations & Misspellings: Perennial

Derivations

Misspellings

Rhyming with "Perennial"

Anagrams: Perennial

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Alternative Orthography: Perennial

50 65 72 65 6E 6E 69 61 6C

.--. . .-. . -. -. .. .- .-..

01010000 01100101 01110010 01100101 01101110 01101110 01101001 01100001 01101100

&#80 &#101 &#114 &#101 &#110 &#110 &#105 &#97 &#108

0050 0065 0072 0065 006E 006E 0069 0061 006C

507184718080756778

INDEX

Photos:
Perennial

Illustrations:
Perennial