Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Penance |
PenanceNoun1. Remorse for your past conduct. 2. A Catholic sacrament; repentance and confession and satisfaction and absolution. 3. Voluntary self-punishment in order to atone for some wrongdoing. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "penance" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references) |
Synonyms: PenanceSynonyms: penitence (n), repentance (n), self-abasement (n), self-mortification (n). (additional references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Penance."
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Asceticism | Mortification, maceration, sackcloth and ashes, flagellation; penance; fasting; martyrdom. |
Atonement | Verb: atone, atone for; expiate; propitiate; make amends, make good; reclaim, redeem, repair, ransom, absolve, purge, shrive, do penance, stand in a white sheet, repent in sackcloth and ashes, wear a hairshirt. |
Penance, fasting, maceration, sackcloth and ashes, white sheet, shrift, flagellation, lustration; purgation, purgatory. | |
Penalty | Noun: penalty; retribution; (punishment); pain, pains and penalties; weregild, wergild; peine forte et dure; penance; (atonement); the devil to pay. |
Penitence | Verb: repent, be sorry for; be penitent; Adjective: rue; regret; think better of; recant; knock under; (submit); plead guilty; sing miserere, sing de profundis; cry peccavi; own oneself in the wrong; acknowledge, confess; (disclose); humble oneself; beg pardon; (apologize); turn over a new leaf, put on the new man, turn from sin; reclaim; repent in sackcloth and ashes; (do penance); learn by experience. |
Acknowledgment, confession; (disclosure); apology; recantation; penance; resipiscence. | |
Rite | Verb: perform service, do duty, minister, officiate, baptize, dip, sprinkle; anoint, confirm, lay hands on; give the sacrament, administer the sacrament; administer extreme unction; hear confession, administer holy penance, shrive; excommunicate, ban with bell book and candle. |
Seven sacraments, impanation, subpanation, extreme unction, viaticum, invocation of saints, canonization, transfiguration, auricular confession; maceration, flagellation, sackcloth and ashes; penance; (atonement); telling of beads, processional; thurification, incense, holy water, aspersion. | |
Attend services, attend mass, go to mass, hear mass; take the sacrament, receive the sacrament, receive communion, attend the sacrament, partake of the sacrament, partake of communion; communicate; receive extreme unction; confess, go to confession, receive penance; anele. | |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Penance |
| English words defined with "penance": absolution, At regard of ♦ Canonical punishments, confession ♦ flagellant ♦ hair shirt ♦ Penanced, Penanceless, Penitencer, penitent, penitential, peri, Plenary indulgence ♦ Quadragene ♦ remission, remission of sin, remittal ♦ Spiritual father ♦ Trisacramentarian ♦ Woolward-going. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "penance": Ced ♦ Owain ♦ PENANCE BOARD ♦ Renault of Montauban, Rodrigo ♦ Scarification ♦ Violon'. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "penance": Woolward-going. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | A Daughter of Penance (1916) The Bell of Penance (1912) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | The penance of Eleanor.Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | SCARIFICATION, n. A form of penance practised by the mediaeval pious. The rite was performed, sometimes with a knife, sometimes with a hot iron, but always, says Arsenius Asceticus, acceptably if the penitent spared himself no pain nor harmless disfigurement. Scarification, with other crude penances, has now been superseded by benefaction. The founding of a library or endowment of a university is said to yield to the penitent a sharper and more lasting pain than is conferred by the knife or iron, and is therefore a surer means of grace. There are, however, two grave objections to it as a penitential method: the good that it does and the taint of justice. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Penance" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 97.97% of the time. "Penance" is used about 148 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 97.97% | 145 | 26,217 |
| Noun (proper) | 2.03% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Total | 100.00% | 148 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "penance": as penance ♦ day of penance ♦ do penance ♦ do penance for ♦ receive penance. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
penance | 40 |
penance sacrament | 4 |
fantasy final penance x | 4 |
10 fantasy final penance | 4 |
man penance x | 3 |
generation penance x | 2 |
brother penance sister | 2 |
film penance | 2 |
fantasy final penance | 2 |
classroom penance | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "penance"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | pendesë (penitence), ndëshkim i vetvetes. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | كفارة (atonement, expiation, propitiation), توبة (contrition, penitence, repentance), توب (repent, repentant sinner, rue). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | самоналожено наказание, налагам покаяние на, ептимия, покаяние (attrition, penitence, repentance, sorrow). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | pokání (penitence, repentance). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | boeten (do penance, fines, mend, patch, patch up, penalties), boete doen (do penance). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | pentofari (do penance). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | پشیمانی (Compunction, Contrition, Penitence, Regret, Remorse, Repentance, Rue), واداربه توبه کردن , توبه وطلب بخشایش , ریاضت (Abstinence, Austerity). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | katumuksen teko. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | pénitence (penitence), faire pénitence. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | buße (atonement, buses, busse, damages, fine, forfeit, penitence, purgation, repentance), reue (contrition, penitence, regret, remorse, repentance, rue). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | κανών (standard), μετάνοια (contrition, penitence, repentance), εκκλησιαστική ποινή. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | töredelem (contrition, penitence, repentance, rue), megbánás (compunction, regret, repentance, rue). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | penebusan dosa. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | penitenza (forfeit, penitence, repentance). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 難行苦行 (hardship), 難行 , 苦行 (austerities, mortification). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | くぎょう (austerities, court noble, Imperial Court, mortification, the nobility), な"ぎょうくぎょう (hardship), な"ぎょう. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | pennys (punishment), pannys. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | enancepay penitência (penitence), cobrança de pênalti, castigar (amerce, beat, birch, castigate, chasten, cob, discipline, flog, inflict, pull about, punish, smite, swinge, thrash, visit, whack, whip). (various references) penitenţã (penitence), pedeapsã (calamity, castigation, chastisement, cuss, discipline, imposition, lag, pain, payment, pedate, penalty, performance, plague, punishment, retribution, rod, sanction, trouble), muncã grea (elbow grease, fag, moil, toil), ispãşire (atonement, expiation). (various references) покаяние (penitence, repentance). (various references) peanas (punishment). (various references) ispaštanje (atonement, expiation). (various references) penitencia (contrition, penitence), hacer penitencia. (various references) botgörelse. (various references) papazın kararlaştırdığı ceza, kefaret (atonement, expiation, penitential, propitiation, ransom, redemption), günaha karşılık ceza. (various references) toba. (various references) спокута (atonement), розкаяння (compunction, contrition, regret), "питимія, накладати "питимію. (various references) sự hối lỗi sự tự h nh xác để hối lỗi, sự ăn năn (compunction, contrition, penitence, remorse, repentance). (various references) penyd (punishment). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | penitentia. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "penance": penanced, penances. (additional references) | |
| |
"Penance" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: gennanica, panacne, penace, Penacev, pendance, Penenden, penice, pennace, pennance, Penparc, pentance, penzance, petance, pinnace, P'nzance, tenance. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "penance" (pronounced pe"nuns) |
| 4 | -n u n s | abstinence, chrominance, countenance, dissonance, dominance, eminence, governance, immanence, imminence, incontinence, luminance, maintenance, ordinance, Ordnance, permanence, predominance, preeminence, prominence, provenance, resonance, sustenance. |
| 3 | -u n s | abeyance, abhorrence, absence, abundance, acceptance, accordance, acquaintance, acquiescence, adherence, admirations, admittance, adolescence, affluence, allegiance, alliance, allowance, ambiance, ambience, ambivalence, ambulance, annoyance, appearance, appliance, arrogance, ascendance, assistance, assurance, attendance, audience, avoidance, balance, belligerence, beneficence, benevolence, bioscience, brilliance, cadence, capacitance, circumference, clairvoyance, Clarence, clearance, coexistence, cognizance, coherence, coincidence, coinsurance, comeuppance, competence, compliance, concurrence, condolence, conference, confidence, confluence, conformance, congruence, connivance, conscience, consequence, consistence, continuance, contrivance, convalescence, convenience, convergence, conveyance, correspondence, counterbalance, counterintelligence, credence, dalliance, decadence, Defeasance, deference, defiance, deliverance, dependence, deterrence, deviance, difference, diligence, disallowance, disappearance, discontinuance, disobedience, dissidence, distance, disturbance, divergence, ebullience, elegance, eloquence, emergence, endurance, entrance, equivalence, essence, evanescence, evidence, excellence, existence, expedience, experience, extravagance, exuberance, flamboyance, Florence, forbearance, fragrance, furtherance, grievance, guidance, hindrance, ignorance, imbalance, impatience, impedance, importance, impotence, imprudence, inadvertence, incidence, incoherence, incompetence, inconvenience, independence, indifference, inductance, indulgence, inexperience, inference, influence, inheritance, innocence, insignificance, insistence, insolence, instance, insurance, intelligence, interdependence, interference, intolerance, intransigence, invariance, irrelevance, irreverence, issuance, jurisprudence, licence, license, luminescence, malfeasance, negligence, neuroscience, noncompliance, noninterference, nonviolence, nuisance, obedience, observance, obsolescence, occurrence, omnipotence, omnipresence, opulence, overabundance, overconfidence, overdependence, overreliance, parlance, patience, performance, persecutions, perseverance, persistence, pestilence, petulance, phosphorescence, pittance, precedence, preference, preponderance, prescience, presence, prevalence, protuberance, Providence, province, prudence, pseudoscience, quintessence, radiance, reappearance, reassurance, recalcitrance, recognizance, reconnaissance, recurrence, reemergence, reference, reinspections, reinsurance, relevance, reliance, reluctance, remembrance, reminiscence, remittance, repentance, resemblance, residence, resilience, resistance, resurgence, reticence, reverence, riddance, science, semblance, senescence, sentence, sequence, severance, significance, silence, submergence, subservience, subsidence, subsistence, substance, surveillance, teleconference, temperance, tolerance, transcendence, transference, transience, turbulence, unbalance, utterance, Valence, variance, vehemence, vengeance, videoconference, vigilance, violence, virulence. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-e-e-n-n-p" | |
-1 letter: pennae. | |
-2 letters: nance, panne, peace, pecan, pence, penna, penne. | |
-3 letters: acne, cane, cape, cepe, nape, neap, neep, nene, pace, pane, pean, peen. | |
-4 letters: ace, ane, ape, can, cap, cee, cep, nae, nan, nap, nee, pac, pan, pea, pec, pee, pen. | |
-5 letters: ae, an, en, na, ne, pa, pe. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-e-e-n-n-p" | |
+1 letter: penanced, penances. | |
+3 letters: cheapening, dependance, encampment, encephalon, pangenetic, penetrance, permanence, permanency, phenacaine, phenacetin, prefinance, provenance, purtenance, repentance, repugnance. | |
+4 letters: anencephaly, counterpane, dependances, encampments, inappetence, kneecapping, penetrances, pentazocine, permanences, phenacaines, phenacetins, plangencies, preannounce, precleaning, preenacting, prefinanced, prefinances, pregnancies, provenances, purtenances, repentances, repugnances. | |
+5 letters: anencephalic, appurtenance, carpentering, counterpanes, diencephalon, happenchance, happenstance, impermanence, impermanency, inappetences, intemperance, kneecappings, palingenetic, pentazocines, permanencies, preannounced, preannounces, precanceling, predominance, repugnancies, transparence, unchaperoned. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)50 65 6E 61 6E 63 65 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).--. . -. .- -. -.-. . |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010000 01100101 01101110 01100001 01101110 01100011 01100101 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)P e n a n c e |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0050 0065 006E 0061 006E 0063 0065 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)50718067806971 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Translations: Ancient 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Orthography 18. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
