Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definitions: Optimum |
OptimumAdjective1. Most desirable possible under a restriction expressed or implied; "an optimum return on capital"; "optimal concentration of a drug". Noun1. Most favorable condition or greatest degree or amount possible under given circumstances. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "optimum" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1601. (references) |
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
OPTIMUM | English | Optimised Network Architectures for Multimedia Services | Computing |
| Optica | English | Optimum currency area | Finance |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonym: OptimumSynonym: optimal (adj). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Optimum |
| English words defined with "optimum": Friedrich August von Hayek ♦ Hayek ♦ Laffer curve ♦ optimal ♦ sour mash. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "optimum": local optimum ♦ optimum moisture content. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Optimum" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Czech (optimum), French (optimum), German (optimal, optimum), Hungarian (optimization), Italian (optimum), Latin (brave, good, healthy, honest, kind, noble, pleasant, right, useful, valid), Serbo-Croatian (optimum), Swedish (optimum), Turkish (optimal, optimum). |
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Movie/TV Titles | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
Shown is a breast being compressed to get the optimum mammographic image. Credit: Bill Branson (photographer). | ![]() | Crop consultant draws a soil sample early in the crop year to test nitrogen availability in the soil. This late spring nitrogen test is meant to decide whether and how much nitrogen the growing crop needs for optimum production; only the amount of nitroge. Credit: Lynn Betts. | |
![]() | Corn stalks are tested for nitrogen content as part of a year-long testing cycle to determine whether the optimum amounts of nitrogen are being applied to the land for growing corn, without over-applying to pollute water supplies. Credit: Lynn Betts. | ![]() | Water control structure installed for wetland restoration in the prairie pothole region of South Dakota. The structure allows the landowner to regulate the depth of the water in the wetland thereby providing optimum habitat for water dependent wildlife. Credit: Don Poggensee. |
![]() | Trichogramma wasps are packaged in shipping capsules for later release in corn fields. Bags are color-coded according to insect maturity to help researchers determine optimum release dates. Credit: USDA ARS News. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Determine the optimum frequency of skin screening for individuals of varying risk for melanoma. (references) | |
No agreement exists on the optimum number of channels, although at least 4-6 channels seem to be necessary. (references) | ||
We believe that optimum reduction of dialysis morbidity and mortality begins with predialysis intervention. (references) | ||
Business | The reinforced Demand Side Management (DSM) program will reduce peak demand and maintain an optimum level of generating capacity with a reliable supply system. (references) | |
Already, a rocket capable of carrying a play load of up to 11 is being developed for commercial introduction by 2004. Industry sources believe that this will strengthen Arianespaces lead, since the rocket will also be capable of delivering smaller "piggybacked" satellites directly into their exact optimum orbits. (references) | ||
Economic History | Colombia | Thus, transportation companies need to keep their vehicles in optimum conditions to perform efficiently. (references) |
Switzerland | Another observed trend is towards complete outfit packages, which offer optimum compliance between ski/snowboard, binding and shoe. (references) | |
Ireland | The U.S. exporter would be ill-advised, after having appointed a local representative, to provide only product literature and samples and then expect to achieve optimum sales results. (references) | |
Political Economy | Cape Verde | Even in years of optimum rainfall, the country can produce food for only 25 percent of the population of approximately 480,000 persons, which resulted in heavy reliance on international food aid. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Optimum" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 89.39% of the time. "Optimum" is used about 462 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 89.39% | 413 | 13,687 |
| Noun (singular) | 10.61% | 49 | 48,677 |
| Total | 100.00% | 462 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "optimum": frequency of optimum transmission ♦ optimum consumptive use ♦ optimum frequency ♦ optimum height ♦ optimum height of burst ♦ optimum operating frequency ♦ optimum statistic ♦ optimum working frequency. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "optimum": optimum-scale. | |
Ending with "optimum": below-optimum, near-optimum. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "optimum"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | optimal, më i favorshëm. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | الأفضل (eclecticism), الأمثل. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | оптимален, най-добър (best, only, picked, topflight, tops). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 最佳 (optimal, peak), 最宜 (Optima). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | optimum, optimální. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | optimeret kredsloebsintegration (optimum-scale integration), optimalt vandforbrug til fordampning (optimum consumptive use), optimalt valutaområde (Optica, optimal currency area, optimum currency area), optimal taethed (density, optimum density), optimal spredebredde (bout width, optimum bout width, optimum swath width, swath width), optimal estimator (best estimator, optimum statistic), opnåelse af mere direkte ruter med optimale flyvningsniveauer (obtaining more direct routings at optimum flight levels), ved en optimal koncentration af Al og O2 dannes der meget fine og godt fordelte partikler under afkoelingen af smelten i kokillen (for an optimum concentration of Al and O2, very fine well-distributed particles form during the cooling of the liquid in the mould), taethed (density, optimum density), en struktur bestaaende af oevre bainit giver optimal krybestyrke og sejhed (an upper bainitic structural arrangement gives optimum creep strength and ductility properties), Bruenings'optimalstilling (Bruenings optimal position, Bruenings optimum position), Bruenings'optimale hovedstilling (Bruenings optimal position, Bruenings optimum position), bedste estimator (best estimator, optimum statistic). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | optimale werkbreedte (optimum bout width, optimum swath width), optimale toetsingsgrootheid (best estimator, optimum statistic), optimale schatter (best estimator, optimum statistic), optimale dichtheid (density, optimum density), optimaal waterverbruik (optimum consumptive use), optimaal valutagebied (Optica, optimal currency area, optimum currency area), verkrijgen van meer directe luchtverbindingen op optimale vlieg hoogte (obtaining more direct routings at optimum flight levels), geoptimaliseerde integratie (optimum-scale integration), een hoog-bainietische structuur geeft de gunstigste eigenschappen ten aanzien van kruiPsterkte en kruiprek (an upper bainitic structural arrangement gives optimum creep strength and ductility properties), dichtheid (abundance, compactness, consolidation, density, level of compaction, mass per unit volume, optimum density, quality, relative density, rho, sett, specific gravity, state of compaction, tightness), bij een optimale concentratie van A1 en 02 worden zeer fijne,regelmatig verdeelde deeltjes gevormd tijdens het afkoelen van de smelt in de gietvorm (for an optimum concentration of Al and O2, very fine well-distributed particles form during the cooling of the liquid in the mould), beste schatter (best estimator, optimum statistic). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | مقدارمطلوب , حالت مطلوب , درجه لازم , بهینه . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | optimivedenkulutus (optimum consumptive use), optimi-integraatio (optimum-scale integration), yläbainiittinen rakenne (an upper bainitic structural arrangement gives optimum creep strength and ductility properties), virumislujuus (an upper bainitic structural arrangement gives optimum creep strength and ductility properties, high creep-strength values at medium-long times coupled with a high notch sensitivity), sitkeys (perseverance, persistence, toughness), paras tunnusluku (best estimator, optimum statistic), paras estimaattori (best estimator, optimum statistic). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | optimum. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | optimum (optimal), optimal (optimal). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | καλύτεροσ (best, better), βέλτιστοσ. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | מיטב (the best, the choisest). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | optimális (optimal), legjobb (best, much the best, prime, the best, tiptop, to play one's best card, top), legelőnyösebb. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | terbaik (best, gem, pick), jumlah maksimum. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | ottimo (excellent, first rate, great, optimal, super, very well), ottimale (optimal), optimum, posizione ideale. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 最適 (the most suitable). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | さいてき (the most suitable). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 최 조건 (Optima). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | optimumay situação ótima, ser eficaz. (various references) optim (best). (various references) оптимальный (optimal), наилучший (best, prime, top flight, topflight). (various references) optimum, najpovoljniji (optimal), najpogodniji (optimal), najbolje stanje (pink). (various references) óptimo (optimal). (various references) optimal (optimal). (various references) าวะที่"ีที่สุ". (various references) optimum (optimal), ideal ortam, ideal (aim, apotheosis, dream, dreamboat, goal, ideal, mission, optimal, pattern, soaring, utopian), en yüksek değer, en uygun durum, en uygun (optimal, right). (various references) оптимум, найсприятливіші умови. (various references) điều kiện tốt nhất. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Date | Source | Genesis Chapter 2, Verse 12 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | To de crusion thV ghV ekeinhV kalon kai ekei estin o anqrax kai o liqoV o prasinoV |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et aurum terrae illius optimum est ibique invenitur bdellium et lapis onychinus |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And ther is foundun bdelyum, and the stoon onychynus; |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And the gold of that contre ys precious there is found bedellion and a stone called Onix. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And the gold of that land is good: there is bdellium and the onyx stone. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And the gold of that land is good: there is bdellium and the onyx-stone. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And the gold of that land is good: there is bdellium and the onyx stone. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Genesis Chapter 2, Verse 12 |
| Cebuano | Ug ang bulawan niadtong yutaa maayo: didto usab may bdelio ug onyx nga bato. |
| Chinese | 並 " 那 地 的 金 子 是 好 的 . 在 那 裡 又 有 珍 ' 紅 瑪 瑙 。 |
| Croatian | Zlato je te zemlje dobro, a ima ondje i bdelija i oniksa. |
| Danish | og Guldet i det Land er godt, Bdellium og Sjohamsten. |
| Dutch | En het goud van dit land is goed; daar is ook bedolah, en de steen sardonix. |
| Finnish | ja sen maan kulta on hyvää. Siellä on myös bedellion-pihkaa ja onyks-kiveä. |
| French | L`or de ce pays est pur; on y trouve aussi le bdellium et la pierre d`onyx. |
| German | Und das Gold des Landes ist köstlich; und da findet man Bedellion und den Edelstein Onyx. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Di situ terdapat emas murni dan juga wangi-wangian yang sulit diperoleh, serta batu-batu permata. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Maka emas dari tanah itu baik adanya, dan di sanapun ada hablur dan permata unam. |
| Maori | He pai hoki te koura o taua whenua: kei reira te teriuma me te kohatu onika. |
| Norwegian | Og gullet i dette land er godt; der er bdellium* og onyks-stenen. # <* et slags velluktende gummi.> |
| Portuguese | e o ouro dessa terra é bom: ali há o bdélio, e a pedra de berilo. |
| Rumanian | Aurul din yara aceasta este bun; acolo se gqsewte wi bedelion wi piatrq de onix. |
| Russian | Й ЪПМПФП ФПК ЪЕНМЙ ИПТПЫЕЕ; ФБН '"ПМБИ Й ЛБНЕОШ ПОЙЛУ. |
| Swedish | och det landets guld är gott; där finnes ock bdelliumharts och onyxsten. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "optimum": optimums. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "optimum": suboptimum. (additional references) | |
| |
"Optimum" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Optibus, Optilux, optim, Optimem, optimumm, optimun, optimus, optitum, optium, otium, Ottoneum, ponticum. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "optimum" (pronounced Ä"ptumum) |
| 4 | -u m u m | chrysanthemum, maximum, minimum. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "i-m-m-o-p-t-u" | |
-2 letters: opium. | |
-3 letters: momi, mump, omit, pout, topi, tump. | |
-4 letters: imp, mim, mom, mop, mot, mum, mut, opt, out, pit, piu, poi, pom, pot, put, tip, tom, top, tui, tup, umm, ump, upo. | |
-5 letters: it, mi, mm, mo, mu, om, op, pi, ti, to, um, up, ut. | |
| Words containing the letters "i-m-m-o-p-t-u" | |
+1 letter: optimums. | |
+2 letters: impostume, impromptu. | |
+3 letters: imposthume, impostumes, impromptus, miscompute, promethium, prostomium, suboptimum. | |
+4 letters: imposthumes, impoundment, miscomputed, miscomputes, promethiums. | |
+5 letters: automorphism, impoundments, lumpectomies, minicomputer, miscomputing, multiproblem, prothalamium. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)4F 70 74 69 6D 75 6D |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)--- .--. - .. -- ..- -- |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001111 01110000 01110100 01101001 01101101 01110101 01101101 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)O p t i m u m |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)004F 0070 0074 0069 006D 0075 006D |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)49828675798779 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Non-fiction 8. Usage Frequency | 9. Expressions 10. Expressions: Internet 11. Translations: Modern 12. Bible Trace | 13. Abbreviations 14. Acronyms 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Orthography 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
| Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions: woordeboek, fjalor, معجم, قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 字引 , じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , 사 , dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for dictionary; definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, الوضوحية في الشيء, حد, تحديد, تعريف, التحديد, الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition; vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ترجمة, إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation; Albaans, Albanies, Albaniese taal, shqip, الألبانية, الألباني, албанец, албански език, албански, Albanyano, 阿"巴尼亚语, 阿爾巴尼亞人 , albánský, Albanees, albanskt, albanialainen, Albanais, Albaneesk, albaner, αλβανικόσ, Αλβανός, αλβανόσ, arbnisht, arbërisht, albán, albanskur, albanska, AlbÚinis, albanese, 알"니아, Albaneagh, albanês, arnãut, albanez, arnãuţesc, албанский, Alapania, albanski, albanac, albanés, alban, Arnavut, албанський, албанка, албанець, for Albanian; Arabies, arabishte, العربية, عربي, اللغة العربية, арабски език, арабски, 阿拉伯 , arabský, arabština, arábiskt, arabialainen, arabe, Arabysk, arabisch, αραβικόσ, ערבית, ערבי, arab, arabo, 아라비아, Arabish, arabir, arabic, арабский, Arapi, arapski, árabe, arabisk, าษาหรืออักขระอาหรับ, เกี่ยวกับอาระเบีย, arapça, arap, araplara özgü, арабська мова, арабський, tiếng A-rập, thuộc A-rập, for Arabic; Bulgaars, Bulgaar, bulgr, البلغارية, بلغاري, Búlgaru, български, български език, българин, Bulgaryan, 保 利亚, bulharský, bulgarer, bulgarskt, bulgarialainen, Bulgaarsk, bulgare, 'ούλγαρος, bullgar, bolgár, bulgaro, 불가리아, Bulgeyragh, Bulgeyrish, Bułgar, болгарский, болгарин, bugarski jezik, bugarski, bugarka, bugarin, búlgaro, bulgar, bulgaristan ile ilgili, болгарський, người Bun-ga-ri tiếng Bun-ga-ri, for Bulgarian; Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, الصينية, لغة الصين, صيني, الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, Chinu, китайски, Ininsik, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kinesiskt, kinverskur, kiinalainen, Chinois, Sineesk, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, Kínverji, Sínis, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Cina, Sheenish, Sheenagh, Hainamana, chines, Chińczyk, chinês, chinés, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, Saina, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, snesi, sneysi, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита"ць, for Chinese; Tsjeggies, Tsjeg, çek, تشيكي, اللغة التشيكوسلوفاكية, التشيكي أحد أبناء تشيكوسلوفاكيا, Checu, чешки, Sekoslovakyano, 捷克語 , 捷克语, 捷克 , èesky, èeské, èech, èeština, èeský, èeška, tjekker, tjekke, Tsjech, Tsjechisch, tjekkiskt, t?ekkiläinen, tchèque, Tsjechysk, Tscheche, tschechisch, Tschechin, Τσέχος, cseh, ceco, 체", Sheckagh, Sheckish, Czech, chèc, ceh, чешский, češki jezik, čeh, češki, checo, tjeck, Çek, çekoslovakyalı kimse, çekoslovakyalı, çek dili, чех, чеська мова, чеський, чешка, người Séc tiếng Séc, for Czech; Deens, danisht, danishte, لغة الدانمركية, نوع كعك, دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish; Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, هولندي, اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, "ול "י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란", Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b xã", for Dutch; Farsi, Parsi, persiskt, Fasi, for Farsi; Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, اللغة الفنلندية, فنلندية, فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for Finnish; Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, فرنسي, اللغة الفرنسية, الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French; Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ضرب من الرقص, جرماني, المانية, الماني, اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German; Grieks, Griek, الإغريقي, يوناني, اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b gi gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for Greek; Jood, Hebreeus, Israeliet, hebraishte, يهودي, عبري, اليهودية, اللغة العبرية, العبرية, Hebréu, иврит, древен жител на юдея, юдейски, израилтянин, евреин, староеврейски, староеврейски език, юдей, 西伯来, 希伯來語 , hebrejský, hebrejka, hebrejec, hebrejština, joods, Hebreeuws, hebraiskt, juutalainen, hébreu, Hebrieusk, hebräisch, hebräer, εβραϊκόσ, εβραϊκά, εβραίοσ, עברית, עברי, zsidó, héber, izraelita, Eabhrais, ebraico, ebreo, ヘブライ語 , ヘブライ", Ewagh, Ew, Ewnish, hudiu, hebraico, hebreu, ebrèu, limba ebraicã, izraelit, evreu, evreiesc, ebraic, еврейский, еврей, древнееврейский, древнееврейский язык, Eperu, hibru, hebreo, dyu, Myahudi, Yahudi, hebreiska, hebreisk, jude, ชาวฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), าษาฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), musevi, ibranice, ibrani, іудей, старо"врейська мова, старо"врейський, іврит, "врейський, "врей, người Hê-brơ, Hebraeg, Hebreaidd, for Hebrew; Hongaars, Hongaar, hungarez, الهنغاري, مجري, هنغاري, المجري, اللغة الهنغارية, Húngaru, унгарски език, унгарски, унгарец, Hungaryan, 匈牙利語 , 匈牙利语, maïarský, maïar, maïarština, ungarer, Hongaarse, ungarskt, unkarilainen, hongrois, Hongaarsk, ungar, Ούγγρος, "ו 'רי, magyar, ungherese, 헝가리, Ungaarish, Ungaaragh, Węgier, ongrés, ungureşte, ungur, limba maghiarã, unguresc, maghiar, limba ungarã, венгр, венгерский, mađarski, mađar, mađarski jezik, húngaro, ungrare, ชาวฮังการี, macarca, macar, угорська мова, угорка, угорський, угорець, người Hung-ga-ri tiếng Hung-ga-ri, for Hungarian; Indonesies, indonezian, الماليزي أحد أبناء ماليزيا, اللغة الأندونيسية, Indonesiu, индонезийски език, индонезийски, 印度尼西亚语, 印度尼西亞語 , indonéský, indonéština, indonésan, indoneser, Indonesisch, Indisch, Indonesiër, indonesiskt, indonesialainen, indonésien, Yndonesysk, Indonesier, Ινδονήσιος, indonéz, indonesiano, インドネシア語 , インドネシア", 인도네시아, Indoneesagh, indonésio, indonésia, индонезийский, индонезиец, Indtasisian, indonezijski, indonežanin, indonesio, indones, Indonesyo, endonezya'ya ait, endonezyalı, endonezya dili, endonezya, індонезі"ць, індонезійський, індонезійська мова, індонезійка, người In-ddô-nê-xi-a tiếng In-ddô-nê-xi-a, for Indonesian; Italianer, Italiaans, Italiaan, شخص إيطالي, اللغة الإيطالية, الإيطالي, إيطالي, Italianu, италиански език, италиански, италианец, Italyano, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italština, italský, ital, italiener, italienskt, italialainen, Italien, Italjaansk, italienisch, Ιταλός, italisht, איטלקי, איטלקית, olasz, Ítali, IodÚilis, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, Włoch, italianã, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, итальянский язык, итальянский, итальянец, Italia, italijanski, italijanski jezik, italijan, sí-Taliyáne, italienare, italiensk, italienska, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, ชาวอิตาลี, าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка, for Italian; korean, كوري شمالي, اللغة الكورية, كوري جنوبي, كوري, Coreanu, корейски, корейски език, Koryano, 韩国语, "國 , 朝鮮語 , korejský, korejec, korejština, Koreaans, koreanskt, coréen, Koreaansk, koreanisch, Koreaner, κορεάτησ, κορεάτικοσ, koreai, 한국, koreano, coréia, a língua coreana, coreean, limba coreeanã, кореец, корейский, Kolea, korejski jezik, korejski, koreanac, coreano, koreansk, ชาวเกาหลี, kore'li, кореянка, коре"ць, корейська мова, корейський, người Triều tiên tiếng Triều tiên, for korean; Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, اللغة البرتغالية, البرتغالية, البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for Portuguese; Roemeen, rumun, Rumanu, румънски език, румънски, румънец, Romanyan, 罗马尼亚语, rumunský, rumunština, rumæner, Roemeens, rumenskt, romanialainen, roumain, Roemeensk, rumäne, ρουμανόσ, Ρουμάνος, román, rumeno, 루마니아, Roomainagh, romeno, romanés, român, румын, румынский, rumunski, rumunski jezik, rumano, rumänsk, румунська мова, румун, румунський, румунка, for Romanian; Russies, Rus, الروسية, روسي, اللغة الروسية, Rusu, руски, руски език, руснак, Rusyan, 俄語 , 俄语, 俄文 , ruština, ruský, russer, russur, russiskt, venäläinen, Russysk, Russe, russisch, Ρώσος, רוסי, orosz, rússneskur, Rússi, Rúisis, russo, ロシア語 , ロシア", 러시아, Rooshish, Rooshagh, russisk, Rosjanin, русский, Lusia, ruski jezik, ruski, ruso, sí-Rashîya, ryss, ชาวรัสเซีย, rusça, росіянка, росіянин, російська мова, російський, người Nga tiếng Nga, for Russian; 塞爾維亞克羅地亞語 , 塞"维亚-克罗地亚语, serbokroatisch, 세르보크로아티아, servo-croata, sârbo-croat, srpsko-hrvatski, srpsko-hrvatski jezik, serbokroatiska, serbokroatisk, เกี่ยวกับ าษาเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, าษาหลักของชาวเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, for Serbo-Croatian; Spaans, Spaanse taal, spanjoll, اللغة الأسبانية, الأسبانية, أسباني, испански език, испански, espanyoles, Espanyol, 西班牙语, 西班牙文 , 西班牙語 , španìlský, španìlština, spanskt, espanjalainen, espagnol, Spaansk, spanisch, ισπανικά, ισπανικόσ, ισπανοί, karaiñe'êmegua, ספר"ית, ספר"י, spanyol, SpÚinnis, spagnolo, スペイン語 , スパイ罪 , スペイン", スパニッシュ , 스페인, Spaainagh, Spaainish, spañó, espanhol, espanhòl, spaniolesc, spanioleşte, spaniol, испанский, Sipaniolo, španski jezik, španski, español, spanska språk, spansk, ispanyollar, ispanyolca, ispanyol, іспанська мова, іспанський, for Spanish; Sweeds, suedez, اللغة السويدية, Suecu, шведски език, шведски, швед, Swedis, 瑞典語 , 瑞典语, švédský, švédština, Zweeds, svenskt, ruotsalainen, suédois, Sweedsk, schwedisch, σουηδικόσ, σουηδικά, svéd, sænskur, Sualainnis, svedese, スウェーデン語 , スウェーデン", 스웨덴, Soolynish, Soolynagh, suèc, шведский, švedski jezik, švedski, sueco, svensk, เกี่ยวกับคน าษาและวั'นธรรมของประเทศสวีเ"น, isveççe, isveç dili, isveç, Ísveçlí, шведська мова, шведський, người Thuỵ điển tiếng Thuỵ điển, for Swedish; Tailandes, 泰國 , 泰文 , 泰国, 泰 , thailænder, Thailander, Thai, Thais, thailendskt, thaimaalainen, Thaïlandais, thailändisch, Thailänder, Ταϊλανδός· Ταϊλανδέζος, tailandese, 泰語 , たい", 타이 말, tailandês, tailandés, thailändare, ที่เกี่ยวกับประเทศไทย, าษาไทย, เกี่ยวกับคนไทย, คนไทย, Taylandlı, Tayland Dili, Tayland, Tai Dili, Та"ць, Тайська Мова, Тайський, for Thai; Turks, turk, تركي أحد أبناء تركيا, اللغة التركية, Turcu, турски, турски език, Turko, 土耳其, 土耳其語 , tureètina, turecký, turkist, turkkilainen, turque, turc, Turksk, türkisch, τούρκικοσ, טורקי, török, Yn Turkish, Turkagh, turcesc, турецкий, turski jezik, turski, turco, turkisk, türk, türkçe, турецька мова, турецький, tiếng Thổ nhĩ kỳ, for Turkish; 乌克兰, for Ukranian; Vietnamees, vietnamez, vietnamisht, виетнамски език, виетнамски, Vietnamis, 越南語 , 越南 , 越南语, vietnamský, vietnamka, vietnamec, vietnamština, vietnameser, vjetmanskt, vietnamilainen, vietnamien, Fjetnameesk, vietnamese, vietnamesisch, Vietnamesin, 'ιετναμέζος, vietnami, vietnámi, ベトナ 人 , ベトナ じ", 트남, vietnamita, вьетнамский, vijetnamski jezik, vijetnamski, vijetnamac, vietnames, vietnam, vietnamlı, vietnam dili, в'"тнамець, в'"тнамський, người Việt nam tiếng Việt, for Vietnamese; 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