Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Oppressive

Definitions: Oppressive

Oppressive

Adjective

1. Weighing heavily on the senses or spirit; "the atmosphere was oppressive"; "oppressive sorrows".

2. Marked by unjust severity or arbitrary behavior; "the oppressive government"; "oppressive laws"; "a tyrannical parent"; "tyrannous disregard of human rights".

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "oppressive" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1615. (references)

Etymology: Oppressive \Op*press"ive\, adjective. [Compare to the French expression oppressif.]. (Websters 1913)


Synonyms: Oppressive

Synonyms: tyrannical (adj), tyrannous (adj). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Oppressive

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Heat

Sunny, torrid, tropical, estival, canicular, steamy; close, sultry, stifling, stuffy, suffocating, oppressive; reeking. Verb: baking .

Inexpedience

Oppressive, burdensome, onerous; malign; (malevolent).

Pain

Ruinous, disastrous, calamitous, tragical; desolating, withering; burdensome, onerous, oppressive; cumbrous, cumbersome.

Severity

Adjective: severe; strict, hard, harsh, dour, rigid, stiff, stern, rigorous, uncompromising, exacting, exigent, exigeant, inexorable, inflexible, obdurate, austere, hard-headed, hard-nosed, hard-shell, relentless, Spartan, Draconian, stringent, strait-laced, searching, unsparing, iron-handed, peremptory, absolute, positive, arbitrary, imperative; coercive; tyrannical, extortionate, grinding, withering, oppressive, inquisitorial; inclement; (ruthless) a; cruel; (malevolent); haughty, arrogant; precisian.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Oppressive

English words defined with "oppressive": dead hand, dead hand of the past, dead weight, DuvalierFrancois DuvalierGripinglyhangInoppressivemortmainoppressivelyPapa Doc, press, PressiveSolano, stifling, sulfurous, sulphurous, sultrytyrannical, tyrannousweigh, weigh down, weigh on, weight. (references)
Specialty definitions using "oppressive": BurdenGasMEoppressive double taxationSUMMER. (references)
Etymologies containing "oppressive": Pressive. (references)

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Commercial Usage: Oppressive

DomainTitle

Books

  • A Whirlpool of Torment: Israelite Traditions of God As an Oppressive Presence (reference)

  • An Arrogant Oppressive Spirit: Anti-Zionism As Anti-Judaism in Egypt (Studies in Antisemitism) (reference)

    (more book examples)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Familiar Quotations: Oppressive

AuthorQuotation

Edmund Burke

Nothing turns out to be so oppressive and unjust as a feeble government.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: Oppressive

TitleAuthorQuote

Emma

Austen, Jane

English verdure, English culture, English comfort, seen under a sun bright, without being oppressive.

Gulliver's Travels

Swift, Jonathan

Whether advocates and orators had liberty to plead in causes manifestly known to be unjust, vexatious, or oppressive.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Oppressive

SubjectTopicQuote

Economic History

Egypt

Nasser's domestic policies were arbitrary and frequently oppressive, yet generally popular. (references)

Czech Republic

Laws establishing religious freedom were passed shortly after the revolution of 1989, lifting oppressive regulations enacted by the former communist regime. (references)

Kenya

A bipartisan parliamentary reform initiative in the fall of 1997 revised some oppressive laws inherited from the colonial era that had been used to limit freedom of speech and assembly. (references)

Human Rights

Bhutan

However, human rights groups active outside the country maintain that prison conditions outside of the capitol city of Thimpu remain oppressive. (references)

United Kingdom

During the year, the ombudsman received 3,571 complaints, approximately two-thirds of which concerned oppressive behavior or incivility by the police. (references)

Political Economy

Burma

It now exercises oppressive, heavy-handed domination over the political, economic and social life of Burma. (references)

Lexicography

Devil's Dictionary

ME, pro. The objectionable case of I. The personal pronoun in English has three cases, the dominative, the objectionable and the oppressive. Each is all three.

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Speeches: Oppressive

SpeakerTermPhrase(s)

James Monroe

1817-1825If formed on equal and just principles, it can not be oppressive.

Andrew Jackson

1829-1837All experience proves that oppressive debt is the bane of enterprise, and it should be the care of a republic not to exert a grinding power over misfortune and poverty.

Benjamin Harrison

1889-1893The commercial policy of the mother country had not relaxed any of its hard and oppressive features.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Usage Frequency: Oppressive

"Oppressive" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Oppressive" is used about 459 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Adjective (general or positive)100%45912,771

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expressions: Oppressive

Expressions using "oppressive": be oppressive oppressive double taxation oppressive government oppressive laws. Additional references.

Hypenated Usage

Ending with "oppressive": anti-oppressive, non-oppressive.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Oppressive

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

oppressive

3
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Oppressive

Language Translations for "oppressive"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Afrikaan

  

benouend (airless, alarming, burdensome, grave, onerous, serious, stiffling, sultry), benoud (agitated, airless, anxious, close, cramped, stale, stiffling, sultry, troubled). (various references)

   

Albanian

  

tiranik (tyrannical, tyrannous), shtypës (ejector, expediter, leaden, oppressor, pounder, repressive, suppressor), despotik (despotic, high handed). (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏مرهق (arduous, burdened, dog tired, exacting, exhausted, exhausting, fatigued, fatiguing, grueling, laborious, onerous, operose, oppressed, overtaxed, overtired, overworked, run down, strained, strenuous, stressed, tired, tiring, toil-worn, trying, wearing, wearisome, weary, worn, worn out), ‏غاشم (brute, tyrant, wanton), ‏جائر (inequitable, iniquitous, unfair, unjust, unworthy, wanton, wrongful), ‏ثقيل (boring, cumbersome, dully, heaver, heavy, hefty, hulking, leaden, lumbering, massive, ponderous, stodgy, uninteresting, unwieldy, weighty), ‏ظالم (exploiter, inequitable, iniquitous, tyrannous, unequal, unfair, unjust, wrongful). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

угнетителен (grinding), тягостен (fell, irksome), задушен (airless, leaden, muggy, pockety, stewed, stuffy, unventilated), потискащ (melancholy, sulky), потиснически (repressive). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

(tyrannical), 压迫 (Oppress, Oppressed, Oppressing, Oppression, Oppressively), (cruel, destroy, disabled, incomplete, injure, ruin, savage, spoil), (quarter, to carve, to cut, to engrave). (various references)

   

Czech

  

utiskující, tyranský (bullying, despotic, heavy-handed, tyrannical, tyrannous), sklièující (depressing, disheartening, sad), despotický (arbitrary, despotic, tyrannical). (various references)

   

Danish

  

urimelige vilkår (oppressive provision), dobbeltbeskatning uden fradrag (oppressive double taxation). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

zwoel (airless, erotic, stiffling, sultry), verstikkend (airless, stiffling, sultry), drukkend (airless, burdensome, heavy, onerous, stiffling, sultry), broeierig (airless, stiffling, sultry), benauwd (airless, close, cramped, stale, stiffling, sultry). (various references)

   

Esperanto

  

sufoka (stifling, sultry). (various references)

   

Farsi 

  

ناراحت کننده (Painful), غم افزا (Bleak), ستم پیشه , خوردکننده (Pulverizer). (various references)

   

Finnish

  

tukahduttava (suffocating, sultry, sweltering), painostava (sultry). (various references)

   

French

  

étouffant. (various references)

   

German

  

drückend (burdensome, close, grinding, heavy, muggy, oppressively, presssing, pressuring, serious, stifling, sultrily), stickig (airless, close, humid, sticky, stiffling, stifling, stuffily, stuffy, sultry), schwül (airless, close, heavy, muggily, muggy, murky, sensuous, sticky, stiffling, stuffy, sultry), gewaltsam (bodily, by force, by violence, forcible, forcibly, usurpingly, violent). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

καταθλιπτικόσ (overbearing). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

מעיק (irksome, onerous, sultry), מ"כא (depressing, oppressor, repressive, suppressor), מציק (oppressor, pest, plaguy, tormentor, vexatious). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

elnyomó (oppressor, repressive, suppressor), tikkasztó (outrageous, sultry, sweltering), terhes (arduous, big with child, burdensome, cumbersome, cumbrous, enceinte, encumbrance, expecting, gravid, impregnate, inconvenient, irksome, onerous, pregnant, to be big with child, to be in the family way, to be pillowed, to be quick with child, to look pillowed, with calf, with young), súlyos (crass, cumbersome, cumbrous, grievous, heavy, heavy weight, massive, massy, onerous, ponderous, serious, weighty). (various references)

   

Indonesian

  

menyesakkan napas (breathtaking). (various references)

   

Italian

  

opprimente (depressing, heavy, muggy, overpowering, overwhelming, possessive), oppressivo (oppressing), plumbeo (heavy, leaden, plumbeous, slate-coloured). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

重苦しい (awkward, cumbrous, gloomy, heavy, leaden), 高圧的 (high-handed), 圧制的 (despotic), 息苦しい (choking, suffocating), 切ない (painful, suffocating, trying). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

おもくるしい (awkward, cumbrous, gloomy, heavy, leaden), せつない (painful, suffocating, trying), いきぐるしい (choking, suffocating), "うあつてき (high-handed), あっせいてき (despotic). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

포악한 (Outrageous). (various references)

   

Manx

  

tranlaasagh (despot, despotic, oppress, oppressiveness, oppressor, persecute, persecutor, tyrannical, tyrannize, tyrannous, tyrant), breenagh (heavy, heavy of weather, sultry, sweltry), breen (airless, close, draggy, sultry, sweltry). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

oppressiveay

   

Portuguese

  

opressivo (burdensome, grievous, overwhelming majority, sultry), tirânico (arbitrary, bully, dominical, tyrannic, tyrannical, tyrannous), sufocante (choky, close, futile, mugwump, smothery, stifling, suffocant), pesado (burdensome, cumbersome, cumbrous, drabbet, elephantine, gloomy forecast, gross, heavy, hefty, hulking, leaden, loin, lumbering, lumping, lumpish, massive, massy, muff, muggy, onerous, plop, ponderous, rigourous, slowpoke, sodden, soggy, sound, stodgy, stringent, tubby, unwieldy, weighty), depressão (basin, cavity, chill, crater, damp, dejection, depression, doldrums, goner, indent, low-spiritedness, meiosis, prostration, sag, valley), acabrunhante. (various references)

   

Romanian

  

tiranic (cruel, despotic, despotically, domineering, heavy-handed, severe, tyrannical, tyrannous), insuportabil (aggravating, beyond endurance, exquisite, fierce, impossible, insufferable, insupportable, keen, obnoxious, obnoxiously, outrageous, past endurance, trying, unbearable, unbearably, unendurable), greu (annoying, arduous, awkward, burden, burdensome, busy, clumsy, dangerously, difficult, difficulty, fatiguing, gravely, grievous, hard, hardly, heavily, heavy, inconvenient, labored, laborious, laboured, leaden, lot, massive, massy, near, onerous, painful, parlous, precarious, punitive, reluctantly, scarcely, seriously, severe, solid, stiff, stodgy, stolid, strenuous, stuffy, ticklish, toilful, tough, troublesome, trying, uneasy, uphill, wearisome, weary, weight, weighty), despotic (arbitrarily, arbitrary, despotic, despotically, domineering, oppressively), apãsãtor (burdensome, hard, harsh, heavy, importunate, incumbent, onerous, overwhelmingly, pressing, severe, tormenting, torturing, trying, unbearable), înãbuşitor (airless, choking, stifling, stuffy). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

гнетущий (depressing, dismal). (various references)

   

Scottish

  

trom (burdensome, difficult, hard, heavy, onerous, pregnant, sad, sleepy), éiginneach (indispensable, one in extremity). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

tiranski (despotic, tyrannical, tyrannous), surov (brutal, cruel, hard, inclement, stern), koji ugnjetava, koji tlači, despotski (despotic, tyrannical). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

oprimido (airless, downtrodden, stale, stiffling, sultry). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

tryckande (close, muggy, pressing, pushful, pushing, sultry, sweltering). (various references)

   

Thai

  

ที่ปกครองอย่างก"ขี่, ซึ่งทำให้ทุกข์ใจ. (various references)

   

Turkish

  

zalim (arbitrary, atrocious, bloody minded, brutal, cruel, cutthroat, daemon, demon, draconian, draconic, fell, felon, fiendish, flinty, grim, heavy, heavy-handed, ill natured, inhuman, miscreant, ogre, oppressor, outrageous, persecutor, sanguinary, savage, stony, truculent, tyrannic, tyrannical), sıkıcı (arid, bald, boring, burdensome, constringent, cut and dried, damnable, dead alive, disconcerting, ditch water, ditchwater, drab, dry, dryasdust, dull, dusty, gaunt, gloomy, grave, grotty, humdrum, inanimate, insipid, irksome, poky, ponderous, prose, prosy, slow, sluggish, soul-destroying, soulless, stodgy, stuffy, tedious, tiresome, trying, uncongenial, unexeciting, unpleasant, unreadable, unsensational, vapid, waste, watery, wearisome), ezici (crushing, damning, devastating, masher, overwhelming, sweeping), bunaltıcı (close, depressive, mind-bending, muggy, stuffy, stupefying, suffocating, sweltering, sweltry), baskıcı (follower, overbearing), ağır (arduous, back breaking, badly, bovine, burdensome, contemptuous, cumbersome, cumbrous, deep, deliberate, dignified, drudging, dull, fabian, foul, grave, grievous, hard, harsh, heavily, heavy, hefty, indigestible, languid, lazy, lumbering, massive, measured, muzzy, not fast, onerous, plodding, ponderous, repressive, rich, scorching, scornful, serious, serious minded, seriously, severe, severely, sharp, slack, slashing, slow, slow moving, slowly, sluggish, smashing, stodgy, strenuous, strong, swingeing, toilful, toilsome, unwholesome, unwieldy, weighty). (various references)

   

Ukranian 

  

гнітючий (depressing, discouraging, dismal, sulky, sullen), обтяжливий (burdensome, exacting, heavy, onerous, weighty), жорстокий (atrocious, barbarous, bloody minded, brutal, brute, brutish, cruel, cutthroat, despiteful, feral, ferocious, merciless, outrageous, ruthless, stern, uncharitable), пригноблюючий, деспотичний (arbitrary, autocratic, autocratical, despotic, despotical, domineering, imperious, satrapic, satrapical, tyrannic, tyrannical, tyrannous). (various references)

   

Vietnamese 

  

đ n áp (repressive). (various references)

   

Welsh

  

trymllyd (close, heavy), trymaidd (close, heavy), llethol (overpowering), gorthrymus, gormesol (aggressive, arbitrary, tyrannical). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: Oppressive

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Latin500 BCE-Modern

grave, gravem, graves, gravi, gravia, gravior, graviora, graviores, gravis, gravissima, gravissimis, gravissimo, gravissimus, gravius, onerosa, onerosi, onerosus. (various references)

Old English450-1100

hefig. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Oppressive

Derivations

Words beginning with "oppressive": oppressively, oppressiveness, oppressivenesses. (additional references)


Misspellings

"Oppressive" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: ompressive, oppresive, oppresivve, oppressif, opressive. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Oppressive"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "oppressive" (pronounced upre"siv)
7u p r e" s i vdepressive.
6-p r e" s i vexpressive, impressive, repressive, unimpressive.
5-r e" s i vaggressive, progressive, regressive.
4-e" s i vexcessive, obsessive, possessive, recessive, successive.
3-s i vabrasive, abusive, adhesive, allusive, apprehensive, aversive, coercive, cohesive, collusive, comprehensive, compulsive, conclusive, conducive, convulsive, corrosive, counteroffensive, decisive, defensive, derisive, discursive, dismissive, dispersive, divisive, effusive, elusive, erosive, evasive, exclusive, expansive, expensive, explosive, extensive, hypertensive, illusive, impassive, impulsive, incisive, inclusive, inconclusive, indecisive, inexpensive, inoffensive, intrusive, invasive, massive, missive, nonexclusive, nonresponsive, obtrusive, offensive, passive, pensive, permissive, persuasive, pervasive, reclusive, reflexive, repulsive, responsive, submissive, subversive, unobtrusive, unresponsive.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Oppressive

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "e-e-i-o-p-p-r-s-s-v"

-2 letters: poperies, previses.

-3 letters: erosive, oppress, poesies, poisers, popsies, previse, prossie, reposes, revises, sippers, soirees, soppier, vespers, viroses.

-4 letters: eposes, eroses, espies, osiers, peises, perses, pipers, pisser, poiser, poises, popsie, posers, posies, prises, proses, proves, reives, repose, revise, seiser, seisor, series, serves, servos, severs, sieves, sipper, sirees, sivers, soever, soiree, speers, speirs, speise, spiers.

 Words containing the letters "e-e-i-o-p-p-r-s-s-v"
 

+2 letters: oppressively, oversupplies.

 

+3 letters: purposiveness.

 

+4 letters: oppressiveness, supportiveness.

 

+5 letters: hyperresponsive, purposivenesses.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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Alternative Orthography: Oppressive


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

4F 70 70 72 65 73 73 69 76 65

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

---    .--.    .--.    .-.    .    ...    ...    ..    ...-    .

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01001111 01110000 01110000 01110010 01100101 01110011 01110011 01101001 01110110 01100101

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#79 &#112 &#112 &#114 &#101 &#115 &#115 &#105 &#118 &#101

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

004F 0070 0070 0072 0065 0073 0073 0069 0076 0065

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

49828284718585758871

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Commercial
5. Quotations: Familiar
6. Quotations: Fiction
7. Quotations: Non-fiction
8. Quotations: Speeches
9. Usage Frequency
10. Expressions
11. Expressions: Internet
12. Translations: Modern
13. Translations: Ancient
14. Derivations
15. Rhymes
16. Anagrams
17. Orthography
18. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

 

 

 

 

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vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ‏ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ‏ترجمة, ‏إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation;
Albaans, Albanies, Albaniese taal, shqip, ‏الألبانية, ‏الألباني, албанец, албански език, албански, Albanyano, 阿"巴尼亚语, 阿爾巴尼亞人 , albánský, Albanees, albanskt, albanialainen, Albanais, Albaneesk, albaner, αλβανικόσ, Αλβανός, αλβανόσ, arbnisht, arbërisht, albán, albanskur, albanska, AlbÚinis, albanese, 알"니아, Albaneagh, albanês, arnãut, albanez, arnãuţesc, албанский, Alapania, albanski, albanac, albanés, alban, Arnavut, албанський, албанка, албанець, for Albanian;
Arabies, arabishte, ‏العربية, ‏عربي, ‏اللغة العربية, арабски език, арабски, 阿拉伯 , arabský, arabština, arábiskt, arabialainen, arabe, Arabysk, arabisch, αραβικόσ, ערבית, ערבי, arab, arabo, 아라비아, Arabish, arabir, arabic, арабский, Arapi, arapski, árabe, arabisk, าษาหรืออักขระอาหรับ, เกี่ยวกับอาระเบีย, arapça, arap, araplara özgü, арабська мова, арабський, tiếng A-rập, thuộc A-rập, for Arabic;
Bulgaars, Bulgaar, bulgr, ‏البلغارية, ‏بلغاري, Búlgaru, български, български език, българин, Bulgaryan, 保 利亚, bulharský, bulgarer, bulgarskt, bulgarialainen, Bulgaarsk, bulgare, 'ούλγαρος, bullgar, bolgár, bulgaro, 불가리아, Bulgeyragh, Bulgeyrish, Bułgar, болгарский, болгарин, bugarski jezik, bugarski, bugarka, bugarin, búlgaro, bulgar, bulgaristan ile ilgili, болгарський, người Bun-ga-ri tiếng Bun-ga-ri, for Bulgarian;
Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, ‏الصينية, ‏لغة الصين, ‏صيني, ‏الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, Chinu, китайски, Ininsik, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kinesiskt, kinverskur, kiinalainen, Chinois, Sineesk, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, Kínverji, Sínis, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Cina, Sheenish, Sheenagh, Hainamana, chines, Chińczyk, chinês, chinés, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, Saina, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, snesi, sneysi, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита"ць, for Chinese;
Tsjeggies, Tsjeg, çek, ‏تشيكي, ‏اللغة التشيكوسلوفاكية, ‏التشيكي أحد أبناء تشيكوسلوفاكيا, Checu, чешки, Sekoslovakyano, 捷克語 , 捷克语, 捷克 , èesky, èeské, èech, èeština, èeský, èeška, tjekker, tjekke, Tsjech, Tsjechisch, tjekkiskt, t?ekkiläinen, tchèque, Tsjechysk, Tscheche, tschechisch, Tschechin, Τσέχος, cseh, ceco, 체", Sheckagh, Sheckish, Czech, chèc, ceh, чешский, češki jezik, čeh, češki, checo, tjeck, Çek, çekoslovakyalı kimse, çekoslovakyalı, çek dili, чех, чеська мова, чеський, чешка, người Séc tiếng Séc, for Czech;
Deens, danisht, danishte, ‏لغة الدانمركية, ‏نوع كعك, ‏دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish;
Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, ‏هولندي, ‏اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, "ול "י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란", Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b xã", for Dutch;
‏الاسبرانتو لغة دولية, Esperantu, есперанто, 世界语, esperanton, espéranto, εσπεράντο, אספר טו, eszperanto, eszperantó, エスキモー犬 , エスペラント , эсперанто, Eseperano, esperanto, Kiesperanto, าษาที่ประ"ิษฐ์ขึ้นเพื่อใช้เป็น าษากลางในการสื่อสารระหว่างประเทศ ซึ่งรากศัพท์ส่วนใหญ่, esperanto dili, tiếng etperantô, for esperanto;
Farsi, Parsi, persiskt, Fasi, for Farsi;
Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, ‏اللغة الفنلندية, ‏فنلندية, ‏فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for Finnish;
Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, ‏فرنسي, ‏اللغة الفرنسية, ‏الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French;
Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ‏ضرب من الرقص, ‏جرماني, ‏المانية, ‏الماني, ‏اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German;
Grieks, Griek, ‏الإغريقي, ‏يوناني, ‏اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b gi gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for Greek;
Jood, Hebreeus, Israeliet, hebraishte, ‏يهودي, ‏عبري, ‏اليهودية, ‏اللغة العبرية, ‏العبرية, Hebréu, иврит, древен жител на юдея, юдейски, израилтянин, евреин, староеврейски, староеврейски език, юдей, 西伯来, 希伯來語 , hebrejský, hebrejka, hebrejec, hebrejština, joods, Hebreeuws, hebraiskt, juutalainen, hébreu, Hebrieusk, hebräisch, hebräer, εβραϊκόσ, εβραϊκά, εβραίοσ, עברית, עברי, zsidó, héber, izraelita, Eabhrais, ebraico, ebreo, ヘブライ語 , ヘブライ", Ewagh, Ew, Ewnish, hudiu, hebraico, hebreu, ebrèu, limba ebraicã, izraelit, evreu, evreiesc, ebraic, еврейский, еврей, древнееврейский, древнееврейский язык, Eperu, hibru, hebreo, dyu, Myahudi, Yahudi, hebreiska, hebreisk, jude, ชาวฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), าษาฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), musevi, ibranice, ibrani, іудей, старо"врейська мова, старо"врейський, іврит, "врейський, "врей, người Hê-brơ, Hebraeg, Hebreaidd, for Hebrew;
Hongaars, Hongaar, hungarez, ‏الهنغاري, ‏مجري, ‏هنغاري, ‏المجري, ‏اللغة الهنغارية, Húngaru, унгарски език, унгарски, унгарец, Hungaryan, 匈牙利語 , 匈牙利语, maïarský, maïar, maïarština, ungarer, Hongaarse, ungarskt, unkarilainen, hongrois, Hongaarsk, ungar, Ούγγρος, "ו 'רי, magyar, ungherese, 헝가리, Ungaarish, Ungaaragh, Węgier, ongrés, ungureşte, ungur, limba maghiarã, unguresc, maghiar, limba ungarã, венгр, венгерский, mađarski, mađar, mađarski jezik, húngaro, ungrare, ชาวฮังการี, macarca, macar, угорська мова, угорка, угорський, угорець, người Hung-ga-ri tiếng Hung-ga-ri, for Hungarian;
Indonesies, indonezian, ‏الماليزي أحد أبناء ماليزيا, ‏اللغة الأندونيسية, Indonesiu, индонезийски език, индонезийски, 印度尼西亚语, 印度尼西亞語 , indonéský, indonéština, indonésan, indoneser, Indonesisch, Indisch, Indonesiër, indonesiskt, indonesialainen, indonésien, Yndonesysk, Indonesier, Ινδονήσιος, indonéz, indonesiano, インドネシア語 , インドネシア", 인도네시아, Indoneesagh, indonésio, indonésia, индонезийский, индонезиец, Indtasisian, indonezijski, indonežanin, indonesio, indones, Indonesyo, endonezya'ya ait, endonezyalı, endonezya dili, endonezya, індонезі"ць, індонезійський, індонезійська мова, індонезійка, người In-ddô-nê-xi-a tiếng In-ddô-nê-xi-a, for Indonesian;
Italianer, Italiaans, Italiaan, ‏شخص إيطالي, ‏اللغة الإيطالية, ‏الإيطالي, ‏إيطالي, Italianu, италиански език, италиански, италианец, Italyano, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italština, italský, ital, italiener, italienskt, italialainen, Italien, Italjaansk, italienisch, Ιταλός, italisht, איטלקי, איטלקית, olasz, Ítali, IodÚilis, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, Włoch, italianã, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, итальянский язык, итальянский, итальянец, Italia, italijanski, italijanski jezik, italijan, sí-Taliyáne, italienare, italiensk, italienska, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, ชาวอิตาลี, าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка, for Italian;
korean, ‏كوري شمالي, ‏اللغة الكورية, ‏كوري جنوبي, ‏كوري, Coreanu, корейски, корейски език, Koryano, 韩国语, "國 , 朝鮮語 , korejský, korejec, korejština, Koreaans, koreanskt, coréen, Koreaansk, koreanisch, Koreaner, κορεάτησ, κορεάτικοσ, koreai, 한국, koreano, coréia, a língua coreana, coreean, limba coreeanã, кореец, корейский, Kolea, korejski jezik, korejski, koreanac, coreano, koreansk, ชาวเกาหลี, kore'li, кореянка, коре"ць, корейська мова, корейський, người Triều tiên tiếng Triều tiên, for korean;
gjuha e popullsisë së ishullit men, manský, manština, manx, mann-szigeti nyelv, Gaelgagh, Yn Ghaelg, Manninish, Manninagh, язык жителей о-ва мэн, с о-ва мэн, s ostrva mana, los habitantes de la isla de man, lengua de la isla de man, de la isla de man, från ön man, man dili, man adası, менський діалект, менський, for manx;
Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, ‏اللغة البرتغالية, ‏البرتغالية, ‏البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for Portuguese;
Roemeen, rumun, Rumanu, румънски език, румънски, румънец, Romanyan, 罗马尼亚语, rumunský, rumunština, rumæner, Roemeens, rumenskt, romanialainen, roumain, Roemeensk, rumäne, ρουμανόσ, Ρουμάνος, román, rumeno, 루마니아, Roomainagh, romeno, romanés, român, румын, румынский, rumunski, rumunski jezik, rumano, rumänsk, румунська мова, румун, румунський, румунка, for Romanian;
Russies, Rus, ‏الروسية, ‏روسي, ‏اللغة الروسية, Rusu, руски, руски език, руснак, Rusyan, 俄語 , 俄语, 俄文 , ruština, ruský, russer, russur, russiskt, venäläinen, Russysk, Russe, russisch, Ρώσος, רוסי, orosz, rússneskur, Rússi, Rúisis, russo, ロシア語 , ロシア", 러시아, Rooshish, Rooshagh, russisk, Rosjanin, русский, Lusia, ruski jezik, ruski, ruso, sí-Rashîya, ryss, ชาวรัสเซีย, rusça, росіянка, росіянин, російська мова, російський, người Nga tiếng Nga, for Russian;
Skots, skocez, шотландски, 苏 兰, skotský, Schots, skotskur, skotlantilainen, écossais, schottisch, σκωτσέζικο, σκωτικόσ, skót, skozur, scozzese, 스"틀랜", Albinagh, escocês, scoţian, шотландский, škotski jezik, škotski, škotlanđani, escocés, skotsk, iskoçyalı, шотланський, шотландці, шотландський діалект, for Scottish;
塞爾維亞克羅地亞語 , 塞"维亚-克罗地亚语, serbokroatisch, 세르보크로아티아, servo-croata, sârbo-croat, srpsko-hrvatski, srpsko-hrvatski jezik, serbokroatiska, serbokroatisk, เกี่ยวกับ าษาเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, าษาหลักของชาวเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, for Serbo-Croatian;
Spaans, Spaanse taal, spanjoll, ‏اللغة الأسبانية, ‏الأسبانية, ‏أسباني, испански език, испански, espanyoles, Espanyol, 西班牙语, 西班牙文 , 西班牙語 , španìlský, španìlština, spanskt, espanjalainen, espagnol, Spaansk, spanisch, ισπανικά, ισπανικόσ, ισπανοί, karaiñe'êmegua, ספר"ית, ספר"י, spanyol, SpÚinnis, spagnolo, スペイン語 , スパイ罪 , スペイン", スパニッシュ , 스페인, Spaainagh, Spaainish, spañó, espanhol, espanhòl, spaniolesc, spanioleşte, spaniol, испанский, Sipaniolo, španski jezik, španski, español, spanska språk, spansk, ispanyollar, ispanyolca, ispanyol, іспанська мова, іспанський, for Spanish;
Sweeds, suedez, ‏اللغة السويدية, Suecu, шведски език, шведски, швед, Swedis, 瑞典語 , 瑞典语, švédský, švédština, Zweeds, svenskt, ruotsalainen, suédois, Sweedsk, schwedisch, σουηδικόσ, σουηδικά, svéd, sænskur, Sualainnis, svedese, スウェーデン語 , スウェーデン", 스웨덴, Soolynish, Soolynagh, suèc, шведский, švedski jezik, švedski, sueco, svensk, เกี่ยวกับคน าษาและวั'นธรรมของประเทศสวีเ"น, isveççe, isveç dili, isveç, Ísveçlí, шведська мова, шведський, người Thuỵ điển tiếng Thuỵ điển, for Swedish;
Tailandes, 泰國 , 泰文 , 泰国, 泰 , thailænder, Thailander, Thai, Thais, thailendskt, thaimaalainen, Thaïlandais, thailändisch, Thailänder, Ταϊλανδός· Ταϊλανδέζος, tailandese, 泰語 , たい", 타이 말, tailandês, tailandés, thailändare, ที่เกี่ยวกับประเทศไทย, าษาไทย, เกี่ยวกับคนไทย, คนไทย, Taylandlı, Tayland Dili, Tayland, Tai Dili, Та"ць, Тайська Мова, Тайський, for Thai;
Turks, turk, ‏تركي أحد أبناء تركيا, ‏اللغة التركية, Turcu, турски, турски език, Turko, 土耳其, 土耳其語 , tureètina, turecký, turkist, turkkilainen, turque, turc, Turksk, türkisch, τούρκικοσ, טורקי, török, Yn Turkish, Turkagh, turcesc, турецкий, turski jezik, turski, turco, turkisk, türk, türkçe, турецька мова, турецький, tiếng Thổ nhĩ kỳ, for Turkish;
乌克兰, for Ukranian;
Vietnamees, vietnamez, vietnamisht, виетнамски език, виетнамски, Vietnamis, 越南語 , 越南 , 越南语, vietnamský, vietnamka, vietnamec, vietnamština, vietnameser, vjetmanskt, vietnamilainen, vietnamien, Fjetnameesk, vietnamese, vietnamesisch, Vietnamesin, 'ιετναμέζος, vietnami, vietnámi, ベトナ 人 , ベトナ じ", 트남, vietnamita, вьетнамский, vijetnamski jezik, vijetnamski, vijetnamac, vietnames, vietnam, vietnamlı, vietnam dili, в'"тнамець, в'"тнамський, người Việt nam tiếng Việt, for Vietnamese;
Wallies, i uellsit, gjuha e uellsit, shkel premtimin, populli i uellsit, ik pa paguar, ‏ويلزي, ‏الولزية لغة إقليم ويلز, ‏تهرب من دفع الرهان, не си плащам дълга, измъквам се от задължение, уелски език, уелски, 威"士, 威爾士語 , waleština, waleský, Wels, valisiskt, gallois, walisisch, δεν πληρώνω τα οφειλόμενα, ουάλλοσ, ουαλλικόσ, walesi, Breatnais, gallese, Bretnagh, galês, gallés, limba velşã, din ţara galilor, velş, уэльский, velški jezik, podvaliti, velški, velšanin, galés, walesisk, galler ile ilgili, sözünü tutmamak, gal dili, bahisleri ödemeden kaçmak, şartları yerine getirmemek, ödemeden kaçmak, у"льський, валлійська мова, валлійці, валлійський, не віддати гроші, Cymreig, for Welsh;