Naphthalene

Definition: Naphthalene

Naphthalene

Noun

1. A white crystalline strong-smelling hydrocarbon made from coal tar or petroleum and used in organic synthesis and as a fumigant in mothballs.

Abbreviations & Acronyms: Naphthalene

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
Entry	Source	Expression	Field
NAM	English	Naphthalene acetamide	N/A
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Specialty Definition: Naphthalene

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Naphthalene (also known as naphthalin, naphthaline, tar camphor, white tar, albocarbon, or naphthene) is a crystalline white solid hydrocarbon, with the empirical formula C₁₀H₈. It is volatile, forming a flammable vapor. Its molecules consist of two benzene rings joined at one side. It is manufactured from coal tar, and converted to phthalic anhydride for the manufacture of plastics, dyes and solvents. It is also used as an antiseptic and insecticide, especially in mothballs.

Health effects

In humans, exposure to large amounts of naphthalene may damage or destroy red blood cells. This could cause the body to have too few red blood cells until it replaces the destroyed cells. Humans, particularly children, have developed this condition after ingesting mothballs or deodorant blocks containing naphthalene. Some of the symptoms of this condition are fatigue, lack of appetite, restlessness, and pale skin. Exposure to large amounts of naphthalene may also cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, blood in the urine, and a yellow color of the skin.

Animals sometimes develop cloudiness in their eyes after swallowing naphthalene. It is not clear if this also develops in humans.

When mice were repeatedly exposed to naphthalene vapors for two years, their noses and lungs became inflamed and irritated.

Name

The name naphthalene is derived from the Latin word of Iranian origin naphtha. Naphtha is a term for any volatile and usually flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture, normally in the context of a solvent. It was earlier spelt naphthaline. The name phthalic acid is a shortened naphthalic acid, which is named from naphthalene.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Naphthalene."

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Crosswords: Naphthalene

English words defined with "naphthalene": Anthracene ♦ camphor ball, Chrysene ♦ Magdala, mothball ♦ naphthalene poisoning, Naphthalene red, Naphthalene yellow, Naphthalenic, Naphthalic, Naphthaline, Naphthide, Naphthoic, naphthol, Naphthyl, Naphthylamine ♦ Phthalic ♦ Thionaphthene. (references)

Specialty definitions using "naphthalene": 2-Naphthylamine ♦ Acenaphthenes, aromatic compound ♦ Benzopyrenes ♦ hyperkeratosis ♦ NAPHTHALENE OPERATOR, Naphthaleneacetic Acids, NAPHTHALENE-OPERATOR HELPER, Naphthalenesulfonates, Naphthols, Naphthoquinones ♦ washed gases. (references)

Etymologies containing "naphthalene": Paranaphthalene ♦ Thionaphthene. (references)

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Commercial Usage: Naphthalene

Domain	Title
Books	Naphthalene (reference) Naphthalene and Hydronaphthalenes to Nuclear Technology, Volume A17, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edition (reference) Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry: Naphthalene to Nuclear Technology/Volume A (reference) (more book examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Naphthalene

"Naphthalene" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Naphthalene" is used about 15 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Noun (singular)	100%	15	90,616

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expressions: Naphthalene

Expressions using "naphthalene": naphthalene poisoning ♦ naphthalene red ♦ naphthalene yellow. Additional references.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Naphthalene

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Expression	Frequency per Day
naphthalene	73
naphthalene target	11
1,5 diisocyanate naphthalene	4
bulgaria naphthalene	2
msds naphthalene	2
naphthalene structure	2
naphthalene romania	2
manufacturer naphthalene	2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Naphthalene

Language		Translations for "naphthalene"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Albanian		naftalinë. (various references)

Arabic		‏النفثالين. (various references)

Bulgarian		нафталин (naphthaline). (various references)

Chinese		萘. (various references)

Czech		naftalín. (various references)

Danish		naftalin. (various references)

Dutch		naftaleen (naphthaline). (various references)

Esperanto		naftalino (naphthaline), naftaleno (naphthaline). (various references)

Finnish		naftaleen. (various references)

French		naphtaline. (various references)

German		naphthalin. (various references)

Greek		vαφθαλίvιo, vαφθαλίvη, ναφθαλίνη (mothballs). (various references)

Hungarian		naftalin (moth ball, mothball, naphtalene, white tar). (various references)

Italian		naftalina. (various references)

Korean		나�"�탈� �. (various references)

Manx		nafthaleen. (various references)

Pig Latin		aphthalenenay.(various references)

Portuguese		naftalina (camphor ball, napkin), naftaleno, nafta (crude oil, naphtha). (various references)

Romanian		naftalinã. (various references)

Russian		нафталин (camphor ball, camphor balls, mothball, naphthaline). (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		naftalin (mothballs, naphthaline). (various references)

Spanish		naftalina, naftaleno. (various references)

Swedish		naftalen. (various references)

Turkish		naftalin (naphthaline). (various references)

Ukranian		нафталін. (various references)

Vietnamese		Naptalin (napthalin). (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Naphthalene

Derivations
	Words beginning with "naphthalene": naphthalenes. (additional references)
	Words ending with "naphthalene": methylnaphthalene. (additional references)
	Words containing "naphthalene": methylnaphthalenes. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Naphthalene" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Naphtali. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Naphthalene"

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "naphthalene" (pronounced na"fthulē'n)
5	-th u l ē' n	ethylene, methylene, polyethylene.
4	-u l ē' n	acetylene, aniline, gasoline, Magdalene, mescaline, opaline, polypropylene, tourmaline.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Naphthalene

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-a-e-e-h-h-l-n-n-p-t"
	-2 letters: naphthene.
	-3 letters: elephant, panetela.
	-4 letters: aphthae, enplane, haptene, heathen, heeltap, heptane, lethean, naphtha, pennate, pentane, phenate, planate, platane.
	-5 letters: althea, anneal, aphtha, apneal, ethane, hantle, hapten, health, lanate, lateen, lenten, neaten, palate, paleae, peahen, pennae, planet, platan, platen, thenal.
	Words containing the letters "a-a-e-e-h-h-l-n-n-p-t"
	+1 letter: naphthalenes.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.