Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Museum |
MuseumNoun1. A depository for collecting and displaying objects having scientific or historical or artistic value. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "museum" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1550. (references) |
Etymology: Museum \Mu*se"um\, noun. [Latin expression, temple of the Muses, hence, place of study, from the Greek expression, from a Muse.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Museum Museums on the Web (http://www.comlab.ox.ac.uk/archive/other/museums.html). (http://galaxy.einet.net/GJ/museums.html). (1995-03-16). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing. |
Archeological | "...a permanent, nonprofit organization, essentially educational and often aesthetic in purpose, which, utilizing professional staff, acquires tangible objects, interprets them, cares for them, and exhibits them to the public on a regular basis." (Malaro 1994:81). (references) |
Dream Interpretation | To dream of a museum, denotes you will pass through many and varied scenes in striving for what appears your rightful position. You will acquire useful knowledge, which will stand you in better light than if you had pursued the usual course to learning. If the museum is distasteful, you will have many causes for vexation. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Literature | Museum The most celebrated are the British Museum in London; the Louvre at Paris; the Vatican at Rome, the Museum of Florence; that of St. Petersburg; and those of Dresden, Vienna, Munich, and Berlin. A walking museum. So Longinus, author of a work on The Sublime, was called. (A.D. 213-273.). Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Madame Tussauds is a wax museum in London, England, with branches in Amsterdam, Hong Kong (Victoria Peak), Las Vegas and New York.Madame Tussaud is Marie Tussaud, born in Strasbourg on 7 December 1761, her name was Marie Grosholtz (sometimes spelled Grossholtz or Grossholz). Her father was a soldier named Joseph Grosholtz. He died before she was born, killed in the Seven Years' War. Her mother took her to Berne were she moved to work as a housekeeper for Dr. Philippe Curtius.
Curtius was a physician, born in 1741. He was skilled with wax, which he used to illustrate anatomy. Later he started to do portraits. Tussaud called him uncle.
Curtius moved to Paris in 1765, starting work to set up a wax figure cabinet. In that year he made a wax work of Marie Jean du Barry, Louis XV's mistress. A cast of that mould is the oldest work currently on display.
In 1767 Tussaud and her mother joined Curtius and also moved to Paris. The first exhibition of Curtius' wax works was shown in 1770, and attracted a lot of people. The exhibition moved to the Palais Royal in 1776. He opened a second location on Boulevard du Temple in 1782, the "Caverne des Grands Voleurs", a precursor to the later chamber of horrors.
Curtius taught Tussaud the art of wax modelling. She started to work for him and showed a lot of talent. She created her first wax figure in 1778, it was of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Other famous persons she did in that time include Voltaire and Benjamin Franklin.
In Paris Tussaud became involved in the French Revolution. She met many of its important figures, including Napoleon and Robespierre. On the other hand she was also on very good terms with the royalty. In particular, from 1780 up to the revolution in 1789 she taught art to the sister of Louis XVI at Versailles. It was for this reason that she was arrested by the revolution on suspicion of royalist sympathies. In prison she awaited execution by guillotine together with Joséphine de Beauharnais. Even tough Tussauds head was already shaven for her execution she was saved for her talent in wax work and employed to make death masks of the victims of the guillotine. Some of which were personal friends of hers. Among others she made death masks of Marie Antoinette, Marat and Robespierre.
When Curtius died 1794 he left his collection of wax works to Tussaud. In 1795 she married François Tussaud. They have two children, Joseph and François
In 1802 Marie Tussaud went to London together with her first son, Joseph, then 4 years old. Her second son staying behind. As a result of the French-England war she was unable to return to France. With her collection she travelled throughout Great-Britain and Ireland. In 1821 or 1822 her second son joins her again. She established her first permanent exhibition in Baker Street in 1835 (on the "Baker Street Bazaar")
In 1838 she wrote her Memoirs. In 1842 she made a self portrait which is now on display at the entrance of her museum.
One of the main attractions of her museum was the 'Chamber of Horrors'. This part of the exhibition included some victims of the French Revolution but also newly created figures of murders and other criminals. The name was given by a contributor to Punch in 1845.
Also famous people were added to the exhibition, including Horatio Nelson, and Sir Walter Scott. Some of the sculptures done by Tussaud herself still exist.
She died in her sleep on 16 April 1850 in London.
The museum moved to its current location on Marylebone Road in 1884. In 1925 a fire destroyed many of the figures, but fortunately the moulds survived allowing the historical wax works to be resurrected.
Madame Tussaud's wax museum has now grown to one of the major tourist attraction in London and also incorporates the London Planetarium in its west wing. It has expanded with branches in Amsterdam, Hong Kong (Victoria Peak), Las Vegas and New York. Today wax figures of the Tussauds include historical and royal figures, film stars, sports stars and famous murderers.
References and External Links
- Madame Tussaud's memoirs and reminiscences of France, by Marie Tussaud, ed. by F. Hervé, London 1838.
- Areion Online: Marie Tussaud. Biography of Marie Tussaud (in german)
- History of Madame Tussauds. List of dates in Marie Tussauds life, maintained by the museum.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Madame Tussauds."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A museum is a building where interesting or valuable objects, such as works of art and historical artifacts, are kept, studied and displayed. Museum are typically organized around a particular subject such as modern art, aviation history, local history, etc. Some subjects are quite general like art or science.
Egyptian pieces in the British MuseumThey are usually open to the general public for a fee. Some museums have free entrance, either permanently or on special days, e.g. once per week or year.
The museum is usually run by a curator, who has a staff that cares for the objects and arranges their display. Many museums have associated research institutes, who are frequently involved with studies related to the museum's items.
Either the museum itself or an associated institute may organize expeditions to acquire more items for the museum, an activity famously depicted in the opening of the movie Raiders of the Lost Ark.
Museums may also acquire items through donations, sales or trades. For instance, a museum featuring Impressionist art may receive a donation of a Cubist work which simply cannot be fit into the museum's exhibits, but it can be used to help acquire a more relevant painting. Larger museums will have an "Acquisitions Department" whose staff is engaged fulltime in this kind of activity.
Museums often cooperate to sponsor joint and often traveling exhibits on particular subjects where one museum may not have a sufficient collection or where the greatest works on a subject are collected. This exhibits have limited engagements, and are often require an additional entry fee.
The word comes from the Latin museum, which is in turn derived from the Greek mouseion, which refers to a place or temple dedicated to the Muses, the patron divinities in Greek mythology of the arts.
Museum Designers
Notable international museum desingers include Ralph Appelbaum and Edwin Schlossberg.See also: Science museum, Art museum, Maritime museum, List of museums, List of transport museums, Wax museum
External links
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Museum."
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Assemblage | Miscellany, collectanea; museum, menagerie; (store); museology. |
Store | Storehouse, storeroom, storecloset; depository, depot, cache, repository, reservatory, repertory; repertorium; promptuary, warehouse, entrepot, magazine; buttery, larder, spence; garner, granary; cannery, safe-deposit vault, stillroom; thesaurus; bank; (treasury); armory; arsenal; dock; gallery, museum, conservatory; menagery, menagerie. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Gee, the museum director seemed miffed (On the Town; writing credit: Adolph Green and Betty Comden) I smell a museum. (The Simpsons; writing credit: Artur Brauner; Paul Hengge) I've changed the medicine cabnet into the Brundle Museum of Natural History (The Fly; writing credit: David Cronenberg; George Langelaan) Well, I'm a little unclear as to why the museum would send somebody here (Lake Placid; writing credit: David E. Kelley) You've never been to a museum, and you eat like a pig. (The Birdcage; writing credit: Jean Poiret; Francis Veber) | |
Lyrics | And put them in a tree museum ("Big Yellow Taxi"; performing artist: Joni Mitchell) | |
Clever | In a museum in Havana there are two skulls of Christopher Columbus, "one when he was a boy and one when he was a man. (references; author: Mark Twain) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Terror in the Wax Museum (1973) 75 Years of Cinema Museum (1972) IBM Museum (1968) Horrors of the Black Museum (1959) Museum kwart voor acht (1957) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Participants in World Health Assembly (1969) visiting Vector-Borne Museum at CDC. Credit: CDC. |  | Drum Point Lighthouse, now a museum, stood watch at the mouth of the Patuxent River. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | "Honolulu and Its Fringing Reef", Plate VI. In: "Coral Reefs of the Hawaiian Islands" by Alexander Agassiz. April 1889. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, at Harvard College. Vol. XVII. No. 3. Library Call Number G161 A26. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | Stuffed emperor penguins on display in the Canterbury Museum in Christchurch, New Zealand. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |
 | The ROSIE PARKS is a Maryland Skipjack. These boats were used for oyster dredging while under sail. Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum. Credit: Fisheries. |  | The Fishing Vessel OLD POINT was a Chesapeake Bay blue crab boat built in 1909. Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum. Credit: Fisheries. |
 | Figures 1 and 2, Oculina robusta Pourtales. Figures 3 and 4, Oculina varicosa Leseuer. Figures 5-7, Astrocoenia pectinata Pourtales. In: "Report on the Florida Reefs", 1880, by Louis Agassiz. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Vol. VII, No. 1. Plate II. These plates help document the oldest studies of the Florida Reefs. Credit: The Coral Kingdom. |  | Figures 1-10, Mycedium fragile Dana. Figures 11-13, Agaricia agaricites Milne-Edw. and Haime. Siderastraea galaxea Milne-Edw. and Haime. In: "Report on the Florida Reefs", 1880, by Louis Agassiz. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Vol. VII, No. 1. Plate XI. These plates help document the oldest studies of the Florida Reefs. Credit: The Coral Kingdom. |
 | Catalog of Oceanographic Equipment Contained in the Collection of the Museum of Oceanography of Monaco. 1. "Photometers 2. Current Measuring Devices" by Christian Carpine. Bulletin de l'Institute Oceanographique , Vol. 73, No. 1437. 1987. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |  | Figure 55. Richard 1-liter bottle constructed in 1908 for the study of dissolve d gases in bottom water. This bottle was tested on the EIDER, a small vessel belonging to the Oceanographic Museum of Monaco. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Museum amsterdam holland" by Dave Gilligan Commentary: "Detail of building near the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam Holland." | "Museum" by Richard Brown Commentary: "The national museum in Phnom Penh." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Edmond and Jules De Goncourt | That which, perhaps, hears more nonsense than anything in the world, is a picture in a museum. |
Edmond de Goncourt | A painting in a museum hears more ridiculous opinions than anything else in the world. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | Peter at Louvain, two of which are now in the Berlin Museum and two in the Old Pinakothek at Munich. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | I told you that one day I wrote my name in pencil on the backside of the Venus of Praxiteles in the Museum. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Architectural design services for government office buildings, residential buildings, mixed-use buildings, theatrical and museum buildings, research institutes and laboratories, urban parklands, and urban redevelopment projects, including specialty consulting services (e.g., landscaping, interior design, and facilities management, and anti-seismic design). (references) | |
Civil Liberties | China | The Shanghai Jewish community was allowed to hold services in an historic Shanghai synagogue, which has been restored as a museum. (references) |
Afghanistan | The Taliban also claimed to have destroyed statues and images in the collections of the Kabul Museum and elsewhere dating from the pre-Islamic period. (references) | |
Economic History | Denmark | The Museum of Applied Art and Industrial Design in Copenhagen exhibits the best in Danish design. (references) |
Human Rights | Kazakhstan | No arrests were made in connection with the assault against opposition activist Andrei Grishin in November 1999, shortly after he published a newspaper article critical of a new museum dedicated to the President; the case was closed at year's end. (references) |
Afghanistan | In November following the capture of Kabul by the Northern Alliance, there were credible reports that as Taliban members fled the city, they ransacked offices, stole vehicles, looted the museum, and stole an estimated $1.5 million in the currency exchange district. (references) | |
Minorities | Romania | In December 2000, the Museum of Jewish History in Bucharest was ransacked. (references) |
Political Economy | Afghanistan | In March in Bamiyan the Taliban completely destroyed two giant statutes of the Buddha that dated from pre-Islamic times and called for destruction of images in the collection at the Kabul Museum. (references) |
Sudan | The Government expropriated the Episcopal cathedral in Khartoum and converted it to a museum in the 1970's; the Catholic club was expropriated in the 1990's and converted to NIF/NC party headquarters. (references) | |
Travel | Chad | This picturesque village is known for its fine pottery, its museum and its hospitality. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | SEAL, n. A mark impressed upon certain kinds of documents to attest their authenticity and authority. Sometimes it is stamped upon wax, and attached to the paper, sometimes into the paper itself. Sealing, in this sense, is a survival of an ancient custom of inscribing important papers with cabalistic words or signs to give them a magical efficacy independent of the authority that they represent. In the British museum are preserved many ancient papers, mostly of a sacerdotal character, validated by necromantic pentagrams and other devices, frequently initial letters of words to conjure with; and in many instances these are attached in the same way that seals are appended now. As nearly every reasonless and apparently meaningless custom, rite or observance of modern times had origin in some remote utility, it is pleasing to note an example of ancient nonsense evolving in the process of ages into something really useful. Our word "sincere" is derived from sine cero, without wax, but the learned are not in agreement as to whether this refers to the absence of the cabalistic signs, or to that of the wax with which letters were formerly closed from public scrutiny. Either view of the matter will serve one in immediate need of an hypothesis. The initials L.S., commonly appended to signatures of legal documents, mean locum sigillis, the place of the seal, although the seal is no longer used -- an admirable example of conservatism distinguishing Man from the beasts that perish. The words locum sigillis are humbly suggested as a suitable motto for the Pribyloff Islands whenever they shall take their place as a sovereign State of the American Union. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Nellie Connally | I've been to that museum thing one time. I went back one time when they put a memorial plaque on the place where it all happened. And that's all. |
Rush Limbaugh | But this is exactly the kind of thing the Left calls censorship whenever a museum decides not to air poop art or run a TV show featuring some deviant content. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
George Bush | 1989-1993 | Every year, the press has a field day making fun of outrageous examples, a Lawrence Welk Museum, a research grant for Belgian Endive. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Museum" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 82.58% of the time. "Museum" is used about 5,602 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 82.58% | 4,626 | 2,116 |
| Noun (proper) | 17.42% | 976 | 7,491 |
| Total | 100.00% | 5,602 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "museum": a museum piece ♦ art museum ♦ folk museum ♦ Louvre Museum ♦ marine museum ♦ museum beetle ♦ museum of local lore ♦ museum pest ♦ museum piece ♦ national museum ♦ natural history museum ♦ science museum ♦ wax museum. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "museum": museum-building, museum-keepers, museum-like, museum-oriented, museum-piece, museum-quality, museum-room, museum-world. | |
Ending with "museum": Suermondt-ludwig-museum. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "museum"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | museum. (various references) | |
Albanian | muzeum, muze (heritage center). (various references) | |
Arabic | متحف, معرض (bleak, exhibition, exposition, fair, show, showing). (various references) | |
Asturian | muséu. (various references) | |
Basque | museoaren, museo. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | музей. (various references) | |
Cebuano | museo. (various references) | |
Chinese | 博物館 , 博物馆. (various references) | |
Czech | muzeum, museum. (various references) | |
Danish | museum. (various references) | |
Dutch | museum. (various references) | |
Esperanto | muzeo. (various references) | |
Faeroese | savn (are, bevy, cluster, collection, group, heap, herd, pack, set). (various references) | |
Finnish | museo. (various references) | |
French | musée. (various references) | |
Frisian | museum. (various references) | |
German | Museum. (various references) | |
Greek | μουσείο. (various references) | |
Hawaiian | muze. (various references) | |
Hebrew | מוזיאון, גנזך (archives, treasury). (various references) | |
Hungarian | múzeum. (various references) | |
Indonesian | musium. (various references) | |
Inuktitut | takujagaqaqvik. (various references) | |
Italian | museo. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 博物館 , 博物館 , ミドル級 (10^-3, aerogramme, communications within a small range, middleweight class, Mila Sohon, militarism, militarist, military look, milli-, millibar, milligram, millimeter, million, million seller, millionaire, millisecond, mimic, mi-mollet, mimosa, mineral, mineral water, Minerva, minestrone, mini, mini component, mini computer, mini floppy disk, mini size, mini theater, miniature, miniature car, minibuffer, minicar, minicomputer, mini-computer, minicycle, mini-disk, minifacsimile, minim, minimalist program, minimum, minimum access, minion, minipill, mini-skirt, ministate, Minnesota, Minolta, minute steak, miracle, mirage, mirror, mirror ball, mirror site, monitor, Muenchen, Muller, Munich, music, music tape, music therapy, musical, musical comedy, musical play, musical show, musician, mutant, mute, Myanmar). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ミュージアム , はくぶつかん. (various references) | |
Kongo | nzo a lusansu. (various references) | |
Korean | 박물관. (various references) | |
Macedonian | muzej. (various references) | |
Manx | thie tashtee (treasure house, treasury), museum. (various references) | |
Norwegian | museum. (various references) | |
Occitan | musèu. (various references) | |
Papiamen | museo. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | useummay.(various references) | |
Polish | muzeum. (various references) | |
Portuguese | museu (repository). (various references) | |
Portuguese Brazilian | museu. (various references) | |
Provencal | musèu. (various references) | |
Romanian | muzeu (gallery). (various references) | |
Romansch | museum. (various references) | |
Russian | музей. (various references) | |
Samoan | falemataaga. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | muzej. (various references) | |
Sicilian | museu. (various references) | |
Spanish | museo (gallery). (various references) | |
Swedish | museum (repository). (various references) | |
Thai | พิพิธภัณฑ์. (various references) | |
Turkish | müze. (various references) | |
Turkmen | muzeя (r). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | музей. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | nhà bảo tàng. (various references) | |
Welsh | cywreinfa, creirfa (reliquary), amgueddfa. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Greek | 700 BCE-300 CE | Mouseion. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | museum. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "museum": museums. (additional references) | |
| |
"Museum" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Maasum, Masafumi, masjumi, Masum, mesneux, Messeturm, meuseum, meusum, Misenum, modeum, mousseaux, mousseux, mueseum, muesium, muesuem, muesum, muesume, Muheim, muscu, musea, museam, Museau, museaum, Museen, Museet, museu, Musicum, musium, Mussau, mustum, musuem, musume, Nasium. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "museum" (pronounced myuwzē"um or myuw"zēum) |
| 3 | -ē" u m | Athenaeum, coliseum, colosseum, mausoleum. |
| 4 | -z ē u m | cesium, gymnasium, magnesium, symposium. |
| 3 | -ē u m | alluvium, ammonium, aquarium, atrium, auditorium, axiom, bacterium, barium, beryllium, medium, millennium, minium, moratorium, myocardium, nephridium, neptunium, niobium, nobelium, opium, opprobrium, osmium, palladium, pandemonium, paramecium, petroleum, planetarium, Plasmodium, plutonium, podium, polonium, potassium, premium, presidium, promethium, protium, psyllium, radium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, colloquium, compendium, condominium, consortium, crematorium, delirium, deuterium, disequilibrium, emporium, equilibrium, europium, fermium, gallium, geranium, gonium, hafnium, harmonium, helium, Herbarium, holmium, honorarium, idiom, indium, iridium, lawrencium, linoleum, lithium, requiem, rhodium, selenium, sodium, stadium, strontium, superpremium, tedium, tellurium, thallium, thorium, titanium, tritium, uranium, vanadium, yttrium, zirconium. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "e-m-m-s-u-u" | |
-1 letter: mumus. | |
-2 letters: emus, mems, mums, mumu, muse. | |
-3 letters: ems, emu, mem, mum, mus, sue, sum, umm, use. | |
-4 letters: em, es, me, mm, mu, um, us. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-m-m-s-u-u" | |
+1 letter: museums. | |
+2 letters: hummuses. | |
+3 letters: bemurmurs, mausoleum, menstruum, murmurers. | |
+4 letters: mausoleums, menstruums, stumblebum. | |
+5 letters: communiques, cummerbunds, stumblebums, summerhouse, summersault. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Images: Digital Art 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Historic 10. Quotations: Fiction 11. Quotations: Non-fiction 12. Quotations: Spoken | 13. Quotations: Speeches 14. Usage Frequency 15. Expressions 16. Expressions: Internet | 17. Translations: Modern 18. Translations: Ancient 19. Derivations 20. Rhymes | 21. Anagrams 22. Bibliography |
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