Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Motion |
MotionNoun1. A natural event that involves a change in the position or location of something. 2. The use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals. 3. A change of position that does not entail a change of location; "the reflex motion of his eyebrows revealed his surprise"; "movement is a sign of life"; "an impatient move of his hand"; "gastrointestinal motility". 4. A state of change; "they were in a state of steady motion". 5. A formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote; "he made a motion to adjourn"; "she called for the question". 6. The act of changing your location from one place to another; "police controlled the motion of the crowd"; "the movement of people from the farms to the cities"; "his move put him directly in my path". 7. An optical illusion of motion produced by viewing a rapid succession of still pictures of a moving object; "the cinema relies on apparent motion"; "the succession of flashing lights gave an illusion of movement". Verb1. Show, express or direct through movement; "He gestured his desire to leave". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "motion" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
Etymology: Motion \Mo"tion\, noun. [French, from Latin motio, from movere, motum, to move. See Move.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Aerospace | The act, process, or instance of change of position. Also called movement, especially when used in connection with problems involving the motion of one craft relative to another.Absolute motion is motion relative to a fixed frame of reference. Actual motion is motion of a craft relative to the earth. Apparent or relative motion is change of position as observed from a reference point which may itself be in motion. Diurnal motion is the apparent daily motion of a celestial body. Direct motion is the apparent motion of a planet eastward among the stars; retrograde motion, the apparent motion westward among the stars. Motion of a celestial body through space is called space motion, which is composed of two components: proper motion, that component perpendicular to the line of sight; and radial motion, that component in the direction of the line of sight. (references) |
General | A formal proposal made in a deliberative assembly. Source: European Union. (references) |
| Formal proposal to be discussed and voted on in a meeting. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Industry | One complete revolution of the cam shaft. Source: European Union. (references) |
| The passage of the bobbin threads through the sheet of warp and pattern threads. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Law | Parliamentary procedural request forcing the Federal Council to submit a specific draft bill or decree or to take appropriate measures. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A formal request for action made by a legislator during a committee hearing or Floor Session. (references) | |
Literature | Motion The laws of motion, according to Galileo and Newton. (1) If no force acts on a body in motion, it will continue to move uniformly in a straight line. (2) If force acts on a body, it will produce a change of motion proportionate to the force, and in the same direction (as that in which the force acts). (3) When one body exerts force on another, that other body reacts on it with equal force. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Medicine | Action performed by one or more of a person's physical(mechanical)resources. Source: European Union. (references) |
Politics & International Affaires | Is on first reading. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Celestial mechanics is an old term for the application of physics, particularly Newtonian mechanics, to astronomical objects such as stars and planets.
For related topics see:
External links:
- Astrometry
- Orbit
- n-body problem
- Celestial navigation
- http://www.math.washington.edu/~hampton/research.html
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Celestial mechanics."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In law, a motion is a procedural device to bring a limited but contested matter before a court for decision.In parliamentary procedure, a motion is a formal step by one member, introducing a matter for consideration. Generally further consideration occurs only if another member immediately seconds the motion .
In physics, motion means a change in the position of a body with respect to time, as measured by a particular observer in a particular frame of reference. Until the end of the 19th century, Newton's laws of motion, which he posited as axioms or postulates in his famous Principia, were the basis of what has since become known as classical physics. Calculations of trajectories and forces of bodies in motion based on Newtonian or classical physics were very successful until physicists began to be able to measure and observe very fast physical phenomena.
At very high speeds, the equations of classical physics were not able to accurately calculate correct values. To address these problems, the ideas of Albert Einstein concerning the fundamental phenomena of motion were adopted in lieu of Newton's. Whereas Newton's laws of motion assumed absolute values of space and time in the equations of motion, Einstein's theories assumed relative values for these concepts. Since Einstein's equations yielded accurate results at high speeds and Newton's did not, the concept of relativity was established in modern theoretical physics, and Einstein's theory of relativity for bodies in motion has usurped Newton's laws of motion, based on absolute space and time. However, as a practical matter, Newton's equations are much easier to work with than Einstein's and therefore are more often used in applied physics and engineering.
It is interesting to note, however, that because motion is defined as the proportion of space to time, these concepts are prior to motion, just as the concept of motion itself is prior to force. In other words, the properties of space and time determine the nature of motion and the properties of motion, in turn, determine the nature of force. Therefore, relative space and relative time result in relative motion, which means that the unit values of space and time can change for observers moving at high speeds relative to each other. These concepts have led physicists in general to conclude that only relative motion can be measured and that absolute motion is meaningless. See also equation of motion, Newton's laws of motion.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Motion."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| MOSAIC | English | Modular Open System Architecture for Industrial motion Control | Computing, European Union |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: MotionSynonyms: apparent motion (n), apparent movement (n), gesticulation (n), motility (n), move (n), movement (n), question (n), gesticulate (v), gesture (v). (additional references) |
| Antonym: motionlessness (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Idea | Subject, subject matter; matter, theme, gr/noemata/gr, topic, what it is about, thesis, text, business, affair, matter in hand, argument; motion, resolution; head, chapter; case, point; proposition, theorem; field of inquiry; moot point, problem; (question). |
Offer | Noun: offer, proffer, presentation, tender, bid, overture; proposal, proposition; motion, invitation; candidature; offering; (gift). |
Plan | Noun: plan, scheme, design, project; proposal, proposition, suggestion; resolution, motion; precaution; (provision); deep-laid plan; (premeditated); |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Try and follow me because I'm going to be moving in a circular motion. So if you pay attention, there will be a point (Swimming With Sharks; writing credit: George Huang) Sometimes I doubt your commitment to Sparkle Motion! (Donnie Darko; writing credit: Richard Kelly) I don't make major motion pictures, I make crap (Ed Wood; writing credit: Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski.) I would like to say, for the record, that I am in favor of using more American Indians and other minorities in motion pictures, I am against polluting the oceans of the world, I am for every nationality having its own homeland, I am against whacking baby seals on the head, and I am for saving the whales (The 51st Annual Academy Awards; writing credit: Buz Kohan) We're doing a goddamn Paramount motion picture, and we can't put on fog and lights at the same time (Making of 'Jackass: The Movie'; writing credit: Danny Miller) | |
Lyrics | Slow motion riders fly the colors of the day (Saturday In The Park; performing artist: Chicago) You can ponder perpetual motion, fix your mind on a crystal day, (UP AROUND THE BEND; performing artist: Creedence Clearwater Revival) He got the action, he got the motion (Walk Of Life; performing artist: Dire Straits) It’s centrifugal motion ("This Kiss"; performing artist: Faith Hill) My body starts a motion and I start to twist (Flipper Twist; performing artist: Flipper) | |
Clever | A vibration is a motion that can't make up its mind which way it wants to go. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Bellydance! Magical Motion (1998) Waste Motion (1974) Perpetual Motion Machine (1973) Animals in Motion (1968) Man In Motion (1967) | |
Song Titles | St. Elmo's Fire (Man In Motion) (performing artist: John Parr) ST.ELMO'S FIRE (MAN IN MOTION) (performing artist: John Parr ) Poetry In Motion (performing artist: Johnny Tillotson) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
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Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
![]() | "Kugel auf Gummituch" (movie) by Rainer Wonisch. Use the Scrollbar to vary A, while watching general relativity in motion. | ![]() | Project Mercury: AWT Gimbaling Rig Showing Motion. Credit: NASA. |
![]() | A fine example of glacial plucking showing direction of glacial ice motion from left to right in the image. Credit: America's Coastlines. | ![]() | Horizontal cloud is ahead of tornado motion while near vertical cloud is behind. Credit: National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL). |
![]() | Figure 44. A buoy with a drogue used by the CHALLENGER Expedition in the Gulf Stream for current studies in 1873. The drogue acts like an underwater sail and is pushed by the current. The buoy allows visual tracking of the motion of the drogue. It was first tested off Bermuda in in 1873 in separate tests at 50 fathoms, 100 fathoms, and 600 fathoms. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. | ![]() | Figure 55. Burt's nipper, invented by Peter Burt, a British ship builder, in 1818. It was used to keep the sounding line vertical in spite of the motion of the ship. It was used by the British Admiralty along with a device of the same type designed by Massey. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
![]() | Figure 50. Berget double deviation refractometer, developed and devised by the Frenchman Alphonse Berget, professor at the Oceanographic Institute. From about 1911 onward, he was concerned with developing an instrument to measure the density of a liquid at sea by a method that would not be affected by the ship's motion. He described the pictured instrument in 1925. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. | ![]() | The forward magazines of USS Arizona (BB-39) explode after she was hit by a Japanese bomb, Dec. 7, 1941. Frame clipped from a color motion picture taken from on board USS Solace (AH-5). (Navy archive photo). |
![]() | The sensing unit that technician Jeff Thomas is attaching records motion and other data so scientists can determine how much time this steer spends grazing each day. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Scott Bauer.. | ![]() | Schematic presentation of the system DNA + salt + counterions + PEG at an equilibrium across a semipermeable membrane. The membrane is impermeable to PEG and DNA. There is however no obstruction to the motion of small ions (Picture courtesy H.H. Strey, NIH). Credit: NICHD. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
![]() | ![]() |
| "Jazz in Motion" by Barry McCabe Commentary: "Jazz buskers in Sitges, Spain, Summer 2003." | "In Motion" by Tjeerd Doosje Commentary: "I made some photographs from my pupils doing some gymnastics. I think this photo gives a good impression of the motion." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
| Electric percussion playing in parallel motion with strings. | A short excerpt featuring parallel motion and unisons performed on piano. | ||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Aristotle | The final cause, then, produces motion through being loved. |
Ben Jonson | O, for an engine, to keep back all clocks, or make the sun forget his motion! |
Blaise Pascal | Our nature consist in motion; complete rest is death. |
Elbert Hubbard | Allow motion to equal emotion. |
Francois De La Rochefoucauld | The virtues and vices are all put in motion by interest. |
George Meredith | A human act once set in motion flows on forever to the great account. Our deathlessness is in what we do, not in what we are. |
Oscar Wilde | What is mind but motion in the intellectual sphere? |
Publilius Syrus | Money alone sets all the world in motion. |
Samuel Johnson | Some desire is necessary to keep life in motion, and he whose real wants are supplied must admit those of fancy. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Marbury v. Madison | 1803 | No cause has been shown, and the present motion is for a mandamus. (reference) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | Capital is a collective product, and only by the united action of many members, nay, in the last resort, only by the united action of all members of society, can it be set in motion. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | The Governing Body may adopt the same procedure either of its own motion or on receipt of a complaint from a Delegate to the Conference. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | He had turned away, and the horses were in motion. |
Sylvie and Bruno Concluded | Carroll, Lewis | Suppose we apply the theory to horizontal motion. |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | She mended her old, wornout corsets with bits of calico which were torn by the slightest motion. |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | His fist splashed into the large face, and in the same motion he was away, dodging down the line of tents |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | The first jolt had like to have shaken me out of my hammock, but afterwards the motion was easy enough |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | It is continually receiving new life and motion from above |
Twelfth Night | William Shakespeare | Taste your legs, sir; put them to motion. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Motion of the fluid tells us if we are moving. (references) | |
Their size and motion may be frightening at first. (references) | ||
Nor does anyone know exactly what sets the disease in motion. (references) | ||
Business | This ensures smooth and noiseless motion of the glass and minimum power absorption. (references) | |
China's motion was passed by the Commission, and there was no debate on the China human rights resolution. (references) | ||
As in previous years, the Chinese delegation introduced a preemptive motion to take no action on the resolution. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Barbados | At year's end, the motion had not yet been heard, and all parties remained free on bail. (references) |
Guatemala | On September 5, the Archbishop's Human Rights Office filed a motion against the Interior Minister for the August appointment of Carlos Rafael Soto as Director of the National Printing Office on the grounds that the law prevents the appointment to public office of someone against whom charges are pending. (references) | |
Iceland | The law bans the production, exhibition, distribution, or sale of "violent" movies, which "strive to show mistreatment or the brutal killing of men or animals." A six-member Motion Picture Review Committee, appointed by the Minister of Education and Culture, reviews all movies before they are shown and rates their suitability for children. (references) | |
Economic History | Italy | There are some 10,000 motion picture theaters in Italy and many regularly show advertising. (references) |
Bangladesh | Pro-government candidates won a majority of the posts, setting in motion the President's ambitious decentralization program. (references) | |
Madagascar | For its part, the National Assembly can pass a motion of censure and require the Prime Minister and council of ministers to step down. (references) | |
Human Rights | Guyana | By year's end, the motion had not been placed on Parliament's agenda. (references) |
Armenia | After a brief investigation of the claims, the motion was denied by the Prosecutor General's office. (references) | |
Armenia | Both petitioners agreed to file a motion to the Procurator General's office; however, one of them later refused to proceed with his case. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Australia | In August 1999, the Government, in identical motions passed by both Houses of the Federal Parliament, expressed public regret for past mistreatment of the Aboriginal minority; however, the government-sponsored motion of reconciliation was criticized by many Aboriginal leaders as not going far enough. (references) |
Minorities | Zimbabwe | The President threatened to arrest white M.P.'s for drafting the impeachment motion. (references) |
Political Economy | SPAIN | Spain has a low incidence of motion picture, i.e. video, and audiocassette piracy. (references) |
Political Rights | Zimbabwe | In October 2000, the MDC brought a motion to Parliament to impeach President Mugabe for violating the Constitution and for gross misconduct. (references) |
Hong Kong | In June 2000 when the Legislative Council passed a no-confidence motion against two senior housing officials, the more senior of the two resigned. (references) | |
Zimbabwe | In November 2000, the Speaker of Parliament appointed a special committee composed of eight ZANU-PF members and four MDC members to consider the charges outlined in the motion. (references) | |
Trade | Greece | Greek film production is subsidized by a 12 percent admissions tax on all motion pictures. (references) |
Worker Rights | Bahamas | The Industrial Relations Act requires that, before a strike begins, a simple majority of a union's membership must vote in favor of a motion to strike. (references) |
Singapore | Children may not work on commercial vessels, with any machinery in motion, on live electrical apparatus lacking effective insulation, or in any underground job. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | HEAT, n. Heat, says Professor Tyndall, is a mode Of motion, but I know now how he's proving His point; but this I know -- hot words bestowed With skill will set the human fist a-moving, And where it stops the stars burn free and wild. Crede expertum -- I have seen them, child. Gorton Swope |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Art Linkletter | Makes me wonder. When I see the figures on the amount of money that pornography films make a year, more than the motion picture business. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Madison | 1809-1817 | By agreeing to this motion, the subject may be going on in the committee, while other important business is proceeding to a conclusion in the house. |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | At its approach an overwhelming force of gallant men might always be put in motion. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | The pay masters of our Army and the pursers of our Navy may under like pretenses apply to their own use moneys appropriated to set in motion the public force, and in time of war leave the country without defense. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | Equally important, we set in motion new mechanisms for private investment and trade. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Motion" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.83% of the time. "Motion" is used about 4,619 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.83% | 4,611 | 2,123 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.13% | 6 | 143,867 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 0.04% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 4,619 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "motion". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Ahinoam | N/A | Biblical | Brother of motion |
| Zoan | N/A | Biblical | Motion |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Canada | Research In Motion Limited | Hong Kong | China Motion Telecom International Ltd. |
| United Kingdom | Motion Media PLC | USA | Computer Motion, Inc. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "motion": Accelerated motion ♦ access motion time ♦ an even motion ♦ Angular motion ♦ Apex of the earth's motion ♦ apparent motion ♦ appeal motion ♦ axial motion ♦ back and forth motion ♦ backward and forward motion ♦ backward motion ♦ bank motion ♦ be in motion ♦ Brownian motion ♦ Brownian motion process ♦ carry the motion ♦ censure motion ♦ center of motion ♦ centre of motion ♦ Cervical motion ♦ Compound motion ♦ continuous path control of motion ♦ Contrary motion ♦ Differential motion ♦ direction of motion ♦ Diurnal motion of a heavenly body ♦ Diurnal motion of the earth ♦ eddy motion ♦ extend motion ♦ fast motion ♦ feed motion ♦ feed motion directed to the interior ♦ feed motion towards the interior ♦ first law of motion ♦ forward motion ♦ forward motion vector ♦ full motion video ♦ give notice of motion ♦ harmonic motion ♦ helical motion ♦ Hook motion ♦ image motion compensation ♦ in motion ♦ in slow motion ♦ irregular motion ♦ keep in motion ♦ Kepler's law of planetary motion ♦ law of motion ♦ Laws of motion ♦ Link motion ♦ Lost motion ♦ main motion ♦ make a motion ♦ motion block ♦ motion cartoon ♦ motion compensation ♦ motion economy ♦ motion from ♦ motion in favor of ♦ motion in favour of ♦ motion JPEG ♦ motion of a pendulum ♦ motion of censure ♦ motion of the hand ♦ motion parallax ♦ Motion Perception ♦ motion picture ♦ motion Picture Experts Group ♦ motion picture film ♦ motion picture producer ♦ motion pictures ♦ motion sickness ♦ motion sickness incidence ♦ motion smb. away ♦ motion space ♦ motion study ♦ motion time analysis ♦ motion to do ♦ motion to smb. to do smth. ♦ motion way ♦ Newton's first law of motion ♦ newtons law of motion ♦ Newton's law of motion ♦ Newton's second law of motion ♦ Newton's third law of motion ♦ notice of motion ♦ notice of originating motion ♦ notices of motion ♦ oblique motion ♦ of mere motion ♦ on the motion of ♦ onward motion ♦ orbital motion ♦ Paracentric motion ♦ parallel motion ♦ perpetual motion ♦ perpetual motion machine ♦ positive motion ♦ predetermined motion time system ♦ principal motion ♦ proper motion. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "motion": motion-control, motion-perception, motion-picture, motion-picture camera, motion-picture fan, motion-picture film, motion-picture photography, motion-pictures, motion-sickness, motion-work. | |
Ending with "motion": full-motion, Loco-motion, slow-motion, time-and-motion. | |
Containing "motion": full-motion video, quick-motion camera, slow-motion film, time-and-motion study, time-motion study. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
motion graphic | 843 | pro motion | 79 |
motion | 810 | art in motion | 70 |
rave motion picture | 619 | city lyrics motion soundtrack | 68 |
motion industry | 353 | music in motion | 67 |
motion sickness | 337 | motion clip | 66 |
motion detector | 328 | fun in motion | 65 |
city motion soundtrack | 266 | mentor in motion | 64 |
motion control | 230 | motion computing | 63 |
motion sensor | 221 | in monster motion | 62 |
research in motion | 168 | motion sensor light | 62 |
motion playground | 155 | motion detection | 55 |
local motion | 151 | espn motion | 54 |
motion picture | 149 | stop motion | 54 |
perpetual motion | 138 | motion capture | 54 |
body in motion | 134 | slow motion | 53 |
newtons law of motion | 130 | true motion lure | 52 |
projectile motion | 111 | motion clip art | 52 |
motion original picture soundtrack | 100 | law of motion | 51 |
linear motion | 99 | a perpetual motion machine | 49 |
motion light | 87 | micro motion | 48 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "motion"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | rolprent (film, motion picture, movie), prent (film, motion picture, movie), film (film, motion picture, movie). (various references) | |
Albanian | mocion, marionetë, zbrazje (defecation, depletion, discharge, dumping, emptying, evacuation, pour), veprim (act, action, activity, agency, deed, doing, engagement, fact, move, movement, operation, play, procedure, proceeding, reaction, step, transaction, turn), shkresë (request, requisition), propozim (call, nomination, offer, offering, proposal, proposition, suggestion, tender), lëvizje (bustling, buzz, drift, flow, locomotion, move, movement, removal, shifting, stir, traffic, transfer), interpelancë (request), gjest (face, gesture, movement, sign), ecje (footing, gait, going, movement, pace, run, step, tread, walk, walking), e ecur (step, walk), bëj shenjë (make notes, sign). (various references) | |
Arabic | مذكرة (aide-memoire, memo, memoir, memorandum, memorial, minutes, note, notebook, pocket book, reminder, warrant), ومأ إلى, حركة (activity, business, dash, drift, move, movement, stir), تغير في طبقة الصوت, تغوط (defecate, defecation, dejection, evacuate, evacuation, movement, pass, pass water, pooh), سير (course, file, foot, going, impel, march, pan, pass, procession, progress, propel, running, thong, walk), إقتراح (feeler, instance, offer, offering, proposal, proposition, suggestion, vote), إشارة (allusion, cue, denotation, forerunner, gesture, hint, index, indication, innuendo, mark, pitch, prognostic, reference, sign, signal, tip off), أشار (advert, allude, beckon, beckon in, connote, denote, designate, indicate, mark, mark out, mention, point, point at, point out, read, record, refer, reference, show, sign, signalize, suggest), براز (dejecta, excrement, faeces, stool). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | ходене по голяма нужда (movement, passage), ход (action, bat, course, current, foot, gait, going, lapse, move, movement, operation, pace, passage, passing, play, ploy, process, race, rate, run, running, stream, swing, tenor, tide, track, train, tread, twist, walk, way), воля (purpose, volition, will, willpower), намерение (aim, aiming, animus, design, drift, intent, intention, notion, object, plan, purpose, scope, thought, view), механизъм (action, assembly, contrivance, device, gear, machine, machinery, mechanism, movement, works), махам (clean off, flap, get away, lash, pick, pull off, remove, rip away, switch, take away, wag, waggle), жестикулация (gesticulation), жест (gesture), предложение (bid, counsel, offer, proffer, proposal), правя знак (sign), подбуда (impulse, incentive, inducement, inspiration, motive, persuasive, prod, prompting, sanction, spring, spur, stimulus), импулс (impulse, inspiration, momentum, pulse, signal, urge), движение (course, go, impulsion, locomotion, move, movement, propulsion, race, stir, way, working), давам знак (hitch, sign). (various references) | |
Chinese | 議案 (proposal), 行动 (Act, ACT++, Acted, Acting, ACTS, Back-acting, Motioned, Motioning, moved, Moving, Proceeding, proceedings), 提案 (proposal), 動議 (proposal), 動力 (force, power, propulsion), 動作 (action, movement). (various references) | |
Czech | pohyb (exercise, gesture, locomotion, move, movement, snap it up, stir, travel), návrh (design, draft, drawing, minute, offer, proposal, suggestion), gesto (gesture), chod (action, course, dish, gait, going, passing, run). (various references) | |
Danish | maskintur, forslag på dagsorden, bevaegelse (movement), bevægelse (movement). (various references) | |
Dutch | motie (resolution), resolutie (resolution). (various references) | |
Esperanto | rezolucio (resolution). (various references) | |
Faeroese | avgerð (resolution). (various references) | |
Farsi | پیشنهادکردن (Advance, Bid, Move, Offer, Proffer, Propose, Purpose, Submit, Suggest), پیشنهاد (Bid, Offer, Plea, Proffer, Proposal, Purpose, Tender), حرکت (Behavior, Demeanour, Departure, Gesture, Locomotion, Move, Movement, Poke, Progress, Stir, Stroke), تکان (Convulsion, Hustle, Jar, Jerk, Jolt, Jostle, Move, Movement, Rock, Shake, Shock, Stroke, Tremor, Wag), طرح دادن , جنبش (Braid, Bustle, Cause, Commotion, Flicker, Jar, Jiggle, Locomotion, Move, Movement, Rock, Stir, Tremor, Vibration), جنب وجوش (Milling), اشاره کردن (Abode, Allude, Hint, Imply, Insinuate, Mention, Nudge, Sign). (various references) | |
Finnish | liike (business, concern, firm, movement, shop). (various references) | |
French | motion, résolution, mouvement (move, movement). (various references) | |
German | bewegung (affection, agitation, emotion, evolution, exercise, gesture, move, movement, pass, progress, stir), antrag (annex, application, application form, claim, offer, overture, petition, presentation, proposal, proposition, request, tender). (various references) | |
Greek | κίνηση (actuation, ambulation, motivation, move, movement, moving, reflex, turnover), πρόταση (clause, offer, overture, premise, proposal, proposition, second, sentence, suggestion). (various references) | |
Hawaiian | film (film, motion picture, movie). (various references)< |