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Mass

Definition: Mass

Mass

Adjective

1. Occurring widely (as to many people); "mass destruction".

2. Gathered or tending to gather into a mass or whole; "the aggregate amount of indebtedness".

Noun

1. The property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field.

2. (often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent: "a batch of letters"; "a deal of trouble"; "a lot of money"; "he made a mint on the stock market"; "it must have cost plenty".

3. An ill-structured collection of similar things (objects or people).

4. The celebration of the Eucharist (in the Roman Catholic Church and some Protestant Churches).

5. A body of matter without definite shape; "a huge ice mass".

6. The common people generally; "separate the warriors from the mass"; "power to the people".

7. The property of something that is great in magnitude; "it is cheaper to buy it in bulk"; "he received a mass of correspondence"; "the volume of exports".

8. A musical setting for a Mass.

Verb

1. Join together into a mass; collect or form a mass; of crowds of people; "Crowds were massing outside the palace".

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "mass" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references)

 

Specialty Definition: Mass

DomainDefinition

Aerospace

(Symbol m) A quantity characteristic of a body, which relates the attraction of this body toward another body. Since the mass of a body is not fixed in magnitude, all masses are referred to the standard kilogram, which is a lump of platinum.Mass of a body always has the same value; weight changes with change in the acceleration of gravity. (references)

Chemistry

Fundamental quantity postulated to describe inertia and gravitation. Source: European Union. (references)

Literature

Mass
High Mass or "Grand Mass" is sung by choristers, and celebrated with the assistance of a deacon and sub-deacon.
Low Mass is simply read without singing; there is one between these two called the "chanted mass," in which the service is chanted by the priest.
Besides these there are a number of special masses, as the mass of the Beatæ, mass of the Holy Ghost, mass of the dead, mass of a saint, mass of scarcity, dry mass, votive mass, holiday mass, Ambrosian mass, Gallic mass, mass of the presanctified for Good Friday, missa Mosarabum, etc. etc.
Mass (The).
"Pope Celestinus ordained the introit and the gloria in excelsis.
"Pope Gregory the Great ordered the kyrie eleison to be repeated nine times, and introduced the prayer.
"Pope Gelasius ordained the Epistle and Gospel.
"Pope Damascus introduced the Credo.
"Pope Alexander put into the canon the following clause: `Qui pridie quam pateretur.'
"Pope Sextus introduced the Sanctus.
"Pope Innocent the pax.
"Pope Leo the OrĂ te Fratres, and the words in the canon: `Sanctum Sacrificium et immaculatiani Hostram."'
E. Kinesman: Lives of the Saints, p. 187 (1623). Source: Brewer's Dictionary.

Military & Defense

The military formation in which units are spaced at less than the normal distances and intervals. Source: European Union. (references)
 The concentration of combat power. Source: European Union. (references)

Mining

A. The quantity of matter in a body, obtained by dividing the weight of the body by the acceleration due to gravity. b. A large irregular deposit of ore, which cannot be recognized as a veinor bed. See also:nontabular deposit. (references)

Physics

A measure of the total amount of material in a body, defined either by the inertial properties of the body or by its gravitational influence on other bodies. (references)

Slang

Adjective. Source: From the standard English word massive meaning huge. Definition: A small amount of something. Context: To be used when being sarcastic about a small amount of something. Social Source: MadarasHighSchoolSlang. Source: Compiled by The University of Oregon. (additional references)

Space

The mass of a body can be loosely defined as the amount of matter it contains. That is expressed in two ways:. (references)
 The amount of matter contained within a substance. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: List of television stations in Massachusetts

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

This is a list of broadcast television stations serving cities in the state of Massachusetts.

VHF stations

Channel 2: WGBH - (PBS) - Boston
Channel 4: WBZ - (CBS) - Boston
Channel 5: WCVB - (ABC) - Boston, W)C)hannel roman 5, V) B)oston
Channel 6: WLNE - (ABC) - New Bedford
Channel 7: WHDH - (NBC) - Boston

UHF stations

Channel 22: WWLP - (NBC) - Springfield
Channel 25: WFXT - (FOX) - Boston, FOX25
Channel 27: WUNI - (Univision) - Worcester
Channel 38: WSBK - (UPN) - Boston, UPN 38
Channel 40: WGGB - (ABC) - Springfield
Channel 44: WGBX - (PBS) - Boston
Channel 56: WLVI - (WB) - Boston, Boston's WB W) Roman numeral for 56, L)V)I)
Channel 57: WGBY - (PBS) - Springfield
Channel 68: WBPX - (PAX) - Boston, W) B)oston's P)AX)

See also

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Mass

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

This article is about physics. For the sense used in religion, see Mass (liturgy). For the Mass as a type of classical music composition, see Mass (music).

Mass is a property of physical objects which, roughly speaking, measure the amount of matter contained in an object. It is a central concept of classical mechanics and related subjects. In the SI system of measurement, mass is measured in kilograms.

Strictly speaking, mass refers to two quantities:

Inertial and gravitational mass have been experimentally shown to be equivalent, as accurately as we can measure, although they are conceptually quite distinct. Below, we will discuss the definitions and implications of each of these two quantities.

Inertial Mass

Inertial mass is determined using Newton's second and third laws of motion (see classical mechanics.) Given an object with a known inertial mass, we can obtain the inertial mass of any other object by making the two objects exert a force on each other. According to Newton's third law, the forces experienced by each object will have equal magnitude. This allows us to study how the two objects resist similar applied forces.

Suppose we have two objects, A and B, with inertial masses mA (which is known) and mB (which we wish to determine.) We will assume these masses to be constant. We isolate the two objects from all other physical influences, so that the only forces present are the force exerted on A by B, which we denote FAB, and the force exerted on B by A, which we denote FBA. According to Newton's second law,

.

where aA and aB are the accelerations of A and B respectively. To proceed, we must ensure that these accelerations are non-zero, i.e. that the forces between the two objects are non-zero. This may be done, for example, by having the two objects collide and performing our measurements during the collision.

Newton's third law states that the two forces are equal and opposite, i.e.

.

When substituted into the above equations, this yields the mass of B as

.

Thus, measuring aA and aB allows us to determine mA in terms of mB, as desired. Note that our above requirement, that aB be non-zero, allows this equation to be well-defined.

In the above discussion, we assumed that the masses of A and B are constant. This is a fundamental assumption, known as the conservation of mass, and is based on the expectation that matter can never be created or destroyed, only split up or recombined. (The implications of special relativity are discussed below.) It is sometimes useful to treat the mass of an object as changing with time: for example, the mass of a rocket decreases as the rocket fires. However, this is an approximation based on ignoring pieces of matter which enter or leave the system. In the case of the rocket, these pieces correspond to the ejected propellent; if we were to measure the total mass of the rocket and its propellent, we would find that it is conserved.

Gravitational Mass

Consider two objects A and B with gravitational masses MA and MB, at a distance of |rAB| apart. Newton's law of gravitation states that the magnitude of the gravitational force which each object exerts on the other is

where G is the universal gravitational constant. The above statement may be reformulated in the following way: given the acceleration g of a reference mass in a gravitational field (such as the gravitational field of the Earth), the gravitational force on an object with gravitational mass M has magnitude

.

This is the basis by which masses are determined by weighing. In simple bathroom scales, for example, the force |F| is proportionate to the displacement of the spring beneath the weighing pan (see Hooke's law), and the scales are calibrated to take g into account, allowing the mass M to be read off.

Equivalence of Inertial and Gravitational Masses

Experiments have found inertial and gravitational mass to be equal, to a high level of precision. These experiments are essentially tests of the well-known phenomenon, first observed by Galileo, that objects fall at a rate irrespective of their masses (in the absence of factors such as friction.) Suppose we have an object with inertial and gravitational masses m and M respectively. If gravity is the only force acting on the object, the combination of Newton's second law and gravitational law gives its acceleration a as

Therefore, all objects in the same gravitational field fall at the same rate if and only if the ratio of gravitational and inertial mass is always equal to some fixed constant. We may as well take this ratio to be 1, by definition.

Consequences of Relativity

In the special theory of relativity, "mass" refers to the inertial mass of an object as measured in the frame of reference in which it is at rest (which is known as its "rest frame".) The above method for determining inertial masses remains valid, provided we ensure that the speed of the object is always much smaller than the speed of light, so that classical mechanics is valid.

Historically, the term "mass" was used for the quantity E/c². This was called the "relativistic mass", and m called the "rest mass". This terminology is now discouraged by physicists, because there is no need for two terms for the energy of a particle, and because it creates confusion when speaking of "massless" particles. In this article, we will always mean the rest mass whenever we refer to "mass". For more details, see the Usenet Relativity FAQ in the External Links.

In relativistic mechanics, the mass of a free particle is related to its energy and momentum by the following equation:

.

This equation can be rearranged in the following way:

The classical limit corresponds to the situation in which the momentum p is much smaller than mc, in which case we can Taylor expand the square root, resulting in

The leading term, which is the largest, is the rest energy of the particle. Provided the mass is non-zero, a particle always has this minimum amount of energy regardless of its momentum. The rest energy is normally inaccessible, but it can be tapped by splitting or combining particles, as is done during nuclear fusion and fission. The second term is simply the classical kinetic energy, which can be demonstrated by using the classical definition of momentum

and substituting it into the above to give:

The relativistic energy-mass-momentum relation can also account for particles that are massless, which is an ill-defined concept in classical mechanics. When m = 0, the relation can be simplified to

where p is the relativistic momentum.

This equation governs the mechanics of massless particles such as photons, the particles of light.

See also

External link

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Mass (liturgy)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

This article discusses the Mass as part of the liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church. For the Mass as a genre of classical music composition, see Mass (music). For mass as a concept in physics, see Mass.

What appears below seems to apply to Latin-Rite Catholic churches. Should the fact that Eastern-Rite Catholic liturgy is different be at least mentioned?

The Sacramentary is the liturgical book containing the prayers and rubrics of the Roman Mass, used by the priest at the altar. The Mass, as the principal worship service of the Roman Catholic Church, has acquired through its long history several names, like Eucharist, Agape, the Lord's Supper, and Holy Communion. It is divided into the following sections:

Introductory Rites


The celebration of a
pre-Vatican II Tridentine High Mass
Liturgy of the Word

Liturgy of the Eucharist

Communion

Dismissal

The "New" Mass and the "Old" Mass


An example of a remodelled altar for the "New" Mass
The altar, which once stood against the reredos in the background, has been moved away, with the celebrant saying Mass facing the congregation over the newly located altar. Unlike many churches, this church kept its carved reredos and inset tabernacle.

In the late 1960s a revised Roman Missal was introduced to replace the previous Tridentine Missal published in 1570, following the Council of Trent. For four centuries, what is loosely called a Tridentine Mass, that is the Mass celebrated in accordance with the Tridentine Missal, only underwent minor changes. Among the principal reforms of the new Missal were:

Criticism and Praise for the new Mass

A small minority of catholics continue to campaign for the reinstatement of the Tridentine Mass. While the rules laid down in the new Missal allow and recommend the celebration of Mass in Latin, the use of the earlier Missal was prohibited for some years following its successor's introduction. (Today it is allowed, given as special dispense.)

Many of the resigned altars have proved controversial, with public opposition to the removal of altar rails and the reredos. Cardinal Ratzinger has been a public critic of the nature of the re-orderings of sanctuaries that had taken place.

Other critics have alleged that the celebration of Mass according to the new Missal (Novus Ordo Missae) is unattractive and unappealing, and lacks the degree of ceremony and ritual that marked its predecessor. Some conservative critics have claimed that the rapid decline in religious attendance is due to the allegedly boring nature of the modern ceremony. Its defenders argue that without the reform, religious attendance would have declined even further.

Tridentine Masses being said once again in the Vatican

In the 1990s, a rapid increase in the use of, and tolerance of, the Tridentine Mass appeared within Roman Catholicism. Permission for its celebration, once rarely given became more easily given. And whereas in the past Tridentine Masses if allowed at all were restricted to Low Masses and small congregations, a full Pontifical High Mass was celebrated by a visiting cardinal, in front of distinguished invited guests and Cardinal John O'Connor at the main altar in St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York in 1999. In 2001 it was revealed that the Vatican had once again allowed Tridentine Masses to be celebrated in St. Peter's Basilica (though not on the main altar). In 2002 it was reported that Pope John Paul II had celebrated Tridentine Masses in his private chapel in the Apostolic Palace.

See

Footnote

1 Though Ministers of the Eucharist were intended for use in extraordinary and limited cases, they have been used widely in the vast majority of churches.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mass (liturgy)."

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Mass (music)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

This article discusses the Mass as a standard form of classical music composition. For the Mass and its meaning as a part of the Eucharistic liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church, see Mass (liturgy). For mass as a concept in physics, see mass.

The Mass as a form of musical composition is a choral composition that sets the fixed portions of the Eucharistic liturgy (principally that of the Roman Catholic Church) to music.

Masses can be a capella, for the human voice alone, or they can be accompanied by instrumental obbligatos up to and including a full orchestra. Sometimes the music in the Mass format was never intended to really be used in a real Mass. Generally, for a composition to be a full Mass, it must contain the following six sections, which together constitute the "ordinary" of the Mass:

I. Kyrie

The text here is simply: Kyrie eleison; Christe eleison; Kyrie eleison (Κυριε ελεησον; Χριστε ελεησον; Κυριε ελεησον). This is Greek for "Lord have mercy on us; Christ, have mercy on us; Lord, have mercy on us."

II. Gloria

This is a celebratory passage praising God and Christ, which sets the following text:

Gloria in excelsis Deo et in terra pax hominibus bonae voluntatis. Laudamus te, benedicimus te, adoramus te, glorificamus te, gratias agimus tibi propter magnam gloriam tuam, Domine Deus, Rex caelestis, Deus Pater omnipotens.

Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace to men of good will. We praise Thee, we bless Thee, we adore Thee, we glorify Thee, we give thanks to Thee for Thy great glory, Lord God, heavenly King, almighty God the Father.

Domine Fili unigenite, Iesu Christe, Domine Deus, Agnus Dei, Filius Patris, qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis; qui tollis peccata mundi, suscipe deprecationem nostram. Qui sedes ad dexteram Patris, miserere nobis.

Lord Jesus Christ, only begotten Son, Lamb of God, Son of the Father, Thou who takes away the sins of the world, have mercy on us; Thou who takes away the sins of the world, hear our prayers. Thou who sittest at the right hand of the Father, have mercy upon us.

Quoniam tu solus Sanctus, tu solus Dominus, tu solus Altissimus, Iesu Christe, cum Sancto Spiritu in gloria Dei Patris. Amen.

For Thou art the only Holy One, the only Lord, the only Most High, Jesus Christ, with the Holy Spirit in the glory of God the Father, Amen.

III. Credo

The longest text of the Mass, this is a setting in Latin of the Nicene Creed.

IV. Sanctus

This is a doxology praising the Trinity which begins with the words Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus, Domine Deus Sabaoth; pleni sunt coeli et terra gloria tua (Holy, Holy, Holy, Lord God of Hosts; Heaven and earth are full of thy glory). There is also a section that begins with the words Hosanna in excelsis, "Hosanna in the highest."

V. Benedictus

This is a setting of the Latin words Benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini. (Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord).

After this is sung, the Hosanna is usually repeated.

VI. Agnus Dei

A setting of the Latin phrases,

Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi,

miserere nobis /
dona nobis pacem.

(Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world, have mercy upon us / give us peace.)

In a liturgical Mass, there are other sections that may be sung, often in Gregorian chant. These sections change with the day and season according to the Church calendar, and are usually not set to music by a composer who wishes to write a Mass. They can, and have been made the subject of motets and other musical compositions, however.

These sections of the Mass as a musical composition have been standard since the Middle Ages; the very earliest Masses may include other parts, and omit some of the standard ones. The first Mass we know of whose composer can be identified was the Mass of Our Lady by Guillaume de Machaut.

The mass as a musical form flourished during the Renaissance, where it served as the principal large-scale form of composition for most composers. Many important masses were composed by Josquin des Prez, William Byrd, and Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, whose Mass for Pope Marcellus is credited with saving polyphony from the censure of the Council of Trent.

After the Renaissance, the mass tended not to be the central genre for any one composer, yet some of the most famous of all musical works of the Baroque, Classical, and Romantic periods are masses. These include the B Minor Mass of Johann Sebastian Bach (who was not a Roman Catholic), Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Mass in C minor, the late masses of Joseph Haydn, and Ludwig van Beethoven's Missa Solemnis and Mass in C major.

See also: Requiem; Hymn; Vespers; Psalm; Antiphon; Sacred music

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mass (music)."

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Orders of magnitude (mass)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

This is a list of orders of magnitude for mass. Other lists for time, area, volume, length and dimensionless numbers are also available, and an overview is at order of magnitude.

See also SI, SI prefixes, SI base units, units, mass, orders of magnitude, conversion of units

External link

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: Mass

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
EntrySourceExpressionField

MASS

EnglishMagic Angle Sample SpinningN/A
MATEREnglishMass Transfer and Ecosystem ResponseEnvironment, Geography

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Synonyms: Mass

Synonyms: aggregate (adj), aggregative (adj), large-scale (adj), batch (n), bulk (n), deal (n), flock (n), good deal (n), great deal (n), hatful (n), heap (n), hoi polloi (n), lot (n), masses (n), mess (n), mickle (n), mint (n), muckle (n), multitude (n), peck (n), people (n), pile (n), plenty (n), pot (n), quite a little (n), raft (n), sight (n), slew (n), spate (n), stack (n), tidy sum (n), volume (n), wad (n), whole lot (n), whole slew (n). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Mass

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Assemblage

Accumulation; (store); congeries, heap, lump, pile, rouleau, tissue, mass, pyramid; bing; drift; snowball, snowdrift; acervation, cumulation; glomeration, agglomeration; conglobation; conglomeration, conglomerate; coacervate, coacervation, coagmentation, aggregation, concentration, congestion, omnium gaterum, spicilegium, black hole of Calcutta;accumulation; (store); congeries, heap, lump, pile, rouleau, tissue, mass, pyramid; bing; drift; snowball, snowdrift; acervation, cumulation; glomeration, agglomeration; conglobation; conglomeration, conglomerate; coacervate, coacervation, coagmentation, aggregation, concentration, congestion, omnium gaterum, spicilegium, black hole of Calcutta; quantity; (greatness).

Assemble, muster; bring together, get together, put together, draw together, scrape together, lump together; collect, collocate, colligate; get, whip in; gather; hold a meeting; convene, convoke, convocate; rake up, dredge; heap, mass, pile; pack, put up, truss, cram; acervate; agglomerate, aggregate; compile; group, aggroup, concentrate, unite; collect into a focus, bring into a focus; amass, accumulate; (store); collect in a dragnet; heap Ossa upon Pelion.

Density

Solid body, mass, block, knot, lump; concretion, concrete, conglomerate; cake, clot, stone, curd, coagulum; bone, gristle, cartilage; casein, crassamentum; legumin.

Greatness

Principal part, chief part, main part, greater part, major part, best part, essential part; bulk, mass; (whole).

Great quan quantity, deal, power, sight, pot, volume, world; mass, heap; (assemblage); stock; (store); peck, bushel, load, cargo; cartload, wagonload, shipload; flood, spring tide; abundance; (sufficiency).

Quantity

Noun: quan magnitude; size; (dimensions); amplitude, magnitude, mass, amount, sum, quantum, measure, substance, strength, force.

Rite

Eucharist, Lord's supper, communion; the sacrament, the holy sacrament; celebration, high celebration; missa cantata; asperges; offertory; introit; consecration; consubstantiation, transubstantiation; real presence; elements; mass; high mass, low mass, dry mass.

Size

Noun: size, magnitude, dimension, bulk, volume; largeness; Adjective: greatness; expanse; (space); amplitude, mass; proportions.

Giant, Brobdingnagian, Antaeus, Goliath, Gog and Magog, Gargantua, monster, mammoth, Cyclops; cachalot, whale, porpoise, behemoth, leviathan, elephant, hippopotamus; colossus; tun, cord, lump, bulk, block, loaf, mass, swad, clod, nugget, bushel, thumper, whooper, spanker, strapper; "Triton among the minnows".

Whole

Bulk, mass, lump, tissue, staple, body, compages; trunk, torso, bole, hull, hulk, skeleton greater part, major part, best part, principal part, main part; essential part; (importance).; lion's share, Benjamin's mess; the long and the short; nearly, all, almost all.

Worship

Divine service, office, duty; exercises; morning prayer; mass, matins, evensong, vespers; undernsong, tierce; holyday; (rites).

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Mass

English words defined with "mass": atomic mass, atomic mass unit ♦ gravitational mass ♦ High Mass ♦ ice mass, inertial mass ♦ Lady Mass, Low Mass ♦ Mass copper, mass culture, mass defect, mass deficiency, mass spectrograph, mass spectrometer, mass spectroscopic, mass unit ♦ Ordinary of the Mass ♦ relative atomic mass, relativistic mass, rest mass. (references)
Specialty definitions using "mass": accelerator mass spectrometry, additional apparent mass, antarctic air mass, apparent additional mass, arctic air mass, atomic mass spectrometry ♦ Coronal mass ejection, critical chain reacting mass, Critical mass ♦ Devil's Mass ♦ final mass ♦ homogeneous mass ♦ included mass, initial mass, isotropic mass ♦ mass balance, Mass Burn Facility, mass density, mass fiber, Mass Fragmentography, mass law, mass ratio, mass spectrum, mass wine, molecular mass ♦ optical air mass ♦ payload mass ratio, pound mass, propellant mass fraction, propellant mass ratio ♦ relativistic mass equation ♦ semi-empirical mass formula, solar air mass, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion, Spectrum Analysis, Mass, stable air mass, stationary mass, steady mass ♦ unstable air mass ♦ vehicle mass ratio, virtual mass. (references)
Etymologies containing "mass": Rudmasday. (references)

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Modern Usage: Mass

DomainUsage

Screenplays

And I couldn't in good conscience vote for someone who doesn't believe in God. For someone who honestly believes that the other ninety five percent of us suffer from some form of mass delusion (Contact; writing credit: Carl Sagan;)

Just like the Philadelphia mass turbulence of 1947 (Ghostbusters; writing credit: Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis.)

I like Mass better in Latin (While You Were Sleeping; writing credit: Daniel G. Sullivan and Fredric LeBow.)

We have front row seats for this theatre of mass destruction (Fight Club; writing credit: Jim Uhls)

Not sutible for mass consumption (Kalifornia; writing credit: Tim Metcalfe. Starring Brad Pitt as Early Grayce, Juliette Lewis as Adele Corners, David Duchovny as Brian Kessler, and Michelle Forbes as Carrie Laughlin.)

Lyrics

Haunting mass appeal (Drive; performing artist: Incubus)

Hardly recollecting and then she'll go to noontime mass (It Wasn't Me; performing artist: Shaggy)

Another big news story of year concerned the ecumenical council in Rome, known as Vatican II. Among the things they did in an attempt to make the church more commercial was to introduce the vernacular into portions of the mass, to replace Latin, and to widen somewhat the range of music permissible in the liturgy, but I feel that if they really want to sell the product, in this secular age, what they ought to do is to redo some of the liturgical music in popular song forms (The Vatican Rag; performing artist: Tom Lehrer)

Movie/TV Titles

Hapax Legomena III: Critical Mass (1971)

Mass for the Dakota Sioux (1964)

Mass. and Harvard University Prince Henry (of Prussia) Visiting Cambridge (1902)

Mass Demonstrating the Action of a Patent Street Sprinkler of the American Car Sprinkler Co. of Worcester (1899)

First Corps Cadets; Mass. National Guard (1897)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Mass

DomainTitle

References

  • The 2000 Import and Export Market for Degreased Sheep’s or Lambs’ Wool in the Mass in N. America & Caribbean (reference)

  • Mass Transit Systems - Ssr in Israel: A Strategic Entry Report, 2000 (reference)

  • The 2002 World Forecasts of Degreased Sheep’s or Lambs’ Wool in the Mass Export Supplies (reference)

  • The 2003 World Forecasts of Degreased Sheep’s or Lambs’ Wool in the Mass Export Supplies (reference)

  • The 2003-2008 World Outlook for Women’s Mass Body Lotions and Creams (reference)

    (more reference examples)

  

Books

  • The Borden Tragedy: A Memoir of the Infamous Double Murder at Fall River, Mass., 1892 (Geary, Rick. Treasury of Victorian Murder.) (reference)

  • An Introduction to the Philosophy of Physics: Locality, Fields, Energy, and Mass (reference)

  • Interpretation of mass spectra of organic compounds (reference)

  • Comprehensive Mass Metrology (reference)

  • The Incredible Catholic Mass: An Explanation of the Mass (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Periodicals

  • Ca Selects Plus: Mass Spectrometry (reference)

  • Directory Of Mass Merchandisers (reference)

  • Drugs - The Mass Spectrometry Applications Database - Cd-rom (reference)

  • European Journal Of Mass Spectrometry (reference)

  • International Journal Of Mass Emergencies And Disasters (reference)

    (more periodical examples)

  

Theater & Movies

  • Bach - Mass in B Minor / Biller, Gewandhausorchestra (reference)

  • Bishop T.D. Jakes & the Potter's House Mass Choir: The Storm is Over (reference)

  • Mass Appeal Madness Spring Heeled Jack in California (reference)

    (more DVD examples; more video examples)

  

Music

  

High Tech

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: Mass

Photos:
Mass

More pictures...

Illustrations:
Mass

More pictures...

Computer Images:
Mass

More pictures...

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Photo Album: Mass

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

Human malignant fibrous histiocytoma aspirated from a leg mass. Pap stain, magnified to 400 x. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist.

A blocked flea, i.e. dark spots in stomach, is unable to ingest its blood meal because of a mass of bacteria within the proventriculus, preventing passage of food from the esophagus to the stomach. Credit: CDC.

Disaster Aid. Local citizens receive Typhoid vacinations from Dr. M.L. Fuller, Director, Laredo/Webb County Health Unit and other employees in a mass immunization program following the Rio Grande flood of 1954. Credit: CDC.

Mass mortality of young diamondback terrapins. Probably drowned in fish traps. Credit: America's Coastlines.

A mass of ice crystals at the end of the cave. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth.

A closeup of a jumbled mass of ice on a mountainside. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth.

A mass of nets and floats. Credit: Fisheries.

The pump operating within the mass of captured fish and lifting them to the hold of the mother vessel. Credit: Fisheries.

R. Clifford prepares A. Bryson for dive to Jeffries Ledge off Mass. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP).

Night time photo of nudibranch egg mass placed on the pipe surfaces within days of placement. Credit: The Coral Kingdom.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Sounds Captioned with "Mass".

PlayCaption
Ante; plastic; clink; pile; piling; accumulation; aggregate; aggregation; amassment; assemblage; bank; barrel; buildup; chunk; collection; conglomeration; gob; great deal; hill; hoard; hunk; jumble; lump; mass; mound; oodles; pack; peck; pyramid; quantity.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Familiar Quotations: Mass

AuthorQuotation

Barry Humphries

There is perhaps, no more dangerous man in the world than the man with the sensibilities of an artist but without creative talent. With luck such men make wonderful theatrical impresarios and interior decorators, or else they become mass murderers or critics.

Daniel Webster

A mass of men equals a mass of opinions.

Greil Marcus

No failure in America, whether of love or money, is ever simple; it is always a kind of betrayal, of a mass of shadowy shared hopes.

Henry David Thoreau

The mass of men lead lives of quiet desperation.
The mass never comes up to the standard of its best member, but on the contrary degrades itself to a level with the lowest.

Nathaniel Hawthorne

Once in every half-century, at longest, a family should be merged into the great, obscure mass of humanity, and forget all about its ancestors.

Oscar Wilde

The English public, as a mass, takes no interest in a work of art until it is told that the work in question is immoral.

Virgil

The spirit within nourishes, and the mind, diffused through all the members, sways the mass and mingles with the whole frame.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Historic Usage: Mass

AuthorDateQuotation

Communist Manifesto

1848

At this stage the labourers still form an incoherent mass scattered over the whole country, and broken up by their mutual competition. (reference)

Winston S. Churchill

1946

The Russian- dominated Polish Government has been encouraged to make enormous and wrongful inroads upon Germany, and mass expulsions of millions of Germans on a scale grievous and undreamed-of are now taking place. ("Iron Curtain" Speech)

John F. Kennedy

1961

To those peoples in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever period is required--not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes, but because it is right. (reference)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: Mass

TitleAuthorQuote

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

To the mass, success has almost the same appearance as supremacy

Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

Joyce, James

It was not like the smell of the old peasants who knelt at the back of the chapel at Sunday mass.

Grapes of Wrath

Steinbeck, John

When they came near, a grayish mass stirred near the door and arose to person height

Walden

Thoreau, Henry David

The mass of men lead lives of quiet desperation

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Mass

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

Repeat bone mass measurement after 1 to 2 years. (references)

Mass screening has resulted in the least response. (references)

You could lose muscle mass and gain more fatty tissue. (references)

Business

Some mass market and selective products are sold through pharmacies. (references)

Mass media are not subject to formal censorship from any element of government. (references)

Simpler technology is more easily financed and is considered mass market goods. (references)

Children

Kyrgyz Republic

In practice few special provisions were in place to allow persons with disabilities access to transportation, public buildings, and mass media. (references)

Kyrgyz Republic

Persons with Disabilities The laws provide for convenient access to public transportation and parking for persons with disabilities, for subsidies to mass media sources that make their services available to the hearing or visually impaired, and for free plots of land for the construction of a home. (references)

Civil Liberties

Togo

Radio remains the most important medium of mass communication. (references)

Economic History

Zimbabwe

Meanwhile, mass migrations of indigenous peoples took place. (references)

Australia

Foreign investment in mass circulation newspapers is limited. (references)

Switzerland

It is, therefore, necessary to package mass software on CD-ROMs. (references)

Human Rights

Niger

The Government acknowledged the existence of the mass grave. (references)

India

None of these persons still are in jail following this mass arrest. (references)

Somalia

Heavy rains in 1997 revealed numerous mass graves in the Hargeisa area. (references)

Indigenous People

Brazil

No progress was made in the case of mass sterilizations promoted among women of the Pataxo tribe of Bahia by Federal Deputy Dr. Roland Lavigne in exchange for votes during his 1994 electoral campaign. (references)

India

The Jharkhand Adivasi Chhatra Sangh has called for "ulgulan" (mass awakening) to fight for the cause of the tribals and to demand a 60 percent reservation for tribals in jobs and education, despite the fact that Jharkhand's tribal population make up only 27 percent of the population. (references)

Minorities

Bangladesh

On June 3, in Baniachar, Gopalganj district, a bomb exploded inside a Catholic church during Sunday mass, killing 10 persons and injuring 20 others. (references)

Political Economy

Sri Lanka

The investigation into the mass graves in Chemmani, begun in 2000, continues. (references)

Turkey

ANAP is a conservative mass party, especially supportive of EU membership for Turkey. (references)

Burundi

Since 1993 the civil war has caused thousands of civilian deaths and mass internal displacement. (references)

Political Rights

Burma

These petitions were presented to local Multiparty Democracy General Election Commissions in formal ceremonies staged at mass rallies widely publicized by state-owned media. (references)

Cuba

While the Constitution provides for direct election of provincial, municipal, and ANPP members, the candidates must be approved in advance by mass organizations controlled by the Government. (references)

Turkey

The Democratic Mass Party (DKP), which the Government closed in February 1999, has not yet had its closure decision published in the official gazette, preventing its founders from forming or joining another party. (references)

Trade

Australia

The word "net" should always be used when expressing quantity in mass. (references)

Australia

Australia is recognized as an important contributor to international control regimes relating to weapons of mass destruction. (references)

Switzerland

The Rhine River port of Basel has transit warehouses for grain and similar goods for mass consumption; storage time is unlimited. (references)

Travel

Cote D'ivoire

Avoid crowds, mass transit, doorways, bushes, alleys, and sparsely populated areas. (references)

Ukraine

Pickpocketing, robbery, and other petty crimes are a common occurrence on the mass transit system. (references)

Hong Kong

Major modes of transportation include buses, the Mass Transit Railway (underground subway system), trams, ferries, the Kowloon-Canton Railway and taxis. (references)

Women

India

Mass rapes often form part of the tactics of intimidation used by upper caste gangs against lower castes, and gang rapes often are committed as a punishment for alleged adultery or as a means of coercion or revenge in rural property disputes. (references)

Worker Rights

Kazakhstan

In 2000 workers of the Uralsk "Mettalist" factory, led by the independent trade union of the factory, conducted mass meetings demanding the full payment of salaries. (references)

El Salvador

In June the CFA recommended the closure of a case alleging mass unfair dismissals and violence against demonstrators following the March 2000 social security workers' strike. (references)

Lexicography

Devil's Dictionary

REQUIEM, n. A mass for the dead which the minor poets assure us the winds sing o'er the graves of their favorites. Sometimes, by way of providing a varied entertainment, they sing a dirge.

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Spoken Usage: Mass

SpeakerPhrase(s)

Donald Rumsfeld

I'm not going to put them in rank order. That's not for me to do. Each of them have weapons of mass destruction. Each of them is on the terrorist list of states. Each of them has relationships with terrorist networks. Each is dangerous.

Geoffrey Hoon

That, obviously, is our ultimate aim, it's our ultimate military objective, and I remain absolutely confident that those weapons of mass destruction will be discovered.

Henry Hyde

I think the answer to that, Bob, depends on what our intelligence shows, in terms of how far along Saddam Hussein is in developing weapons of mass destruction.

John McCain

Saddam Hussein is developing weapons of mass destruction as quickly as he can. The Czech government has revealed meetings, contacts between Iraqi intelligence and Mohamed Atta. The evidence is very clear.

Julie Andrews

Somewhere in the world indeed they are in Boston, at Boston Mass, that wonderful eye-ear infirmary that they have there at the hospital. They are doing phenomenal work. I am helping them spear head it and research it.

Rudy Giuliani

Terrible mistake. Until you know that you're going to succeed and the level at which you're going to succeed, don't promise mass success.

Tom Daschle

Well, see, that's one area where I think clarification may be necessary. Our view is that it is appropriate to take a preemptive strike, if a country is developing weapons of mass destruction that may undermine our own national security.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Speeches: Mass

SpeakerTermPhrase(s)

Thomas Jefferson

1801-1809But the great mass of public offices is established by law, and therefore by law alone can be abolished.

James Madison

1809-1817To give to this great mass of physical and moral force the efficiency which it merits, and is capable of receiving, it is indispensable that they should be instructed and practiced in the rules by which they are to be governed.

Andrew Jackson

1829-1837Every citizen in every State who purchases and consumes an article which has paid a duty at that port contributes to the accumulating mass.

John F. Kennedy

1961-1963Local mass transit, faring even worse, is as essential a community service as hospitals and highways.

Gerald Ford

1974-1977We began a significant urban mass transit program.

Ronald Reagan

1981-1989There was a time when empires were defined by land mass, subjugated peoples, and military might.

Bill Clinton

1993-2001I ask Congress to join me in pursuing an ambitious agenda to reduce the serious threat of weapons of mass destruction.

George W. Bush

2001-2005And we will not allow any terrorist or tyrant to threaten civilization with weapons of mass murder.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Usage Frequency: Mass

"Mass" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 55.88% of the time. "Mass" is used about 4,859 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words		Rank in English
Noun (singular)55.88%2,7153,382
Adjective (general or positive)42.76%2,0784,175
Noun (proper)1.25%6143,149
Unclassified Items0.1%5157,705
                    Total100.00%4,859N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Name Usage Frequency: Mass

The following table summarizes the usage of "mass" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified.
NameUsage/GenderUsage per 100
million Persons		Rank in USA
MassLast name1,00018,100
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Derived & Related Names: Mass

The following table summarizes names derived from the word "mass".
 
NameGenderLanguage