Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Manifold |
ManifoldAdjective1. Many and varied; having many features or forms; "manifold reasons"; "our manifold failings"; "manifold intelligence"; "the multiplex opportunities in high technology". Noun1. A pipe that has several lateral outlets to or from other pipes. Verb1. Make multiple copies of; "multiply a letter". 2. Combine or increase by multiplication; "He managed to multiply his profits". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "manifold" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Industry | Term applied to very thin glazed tissues which may be slightly waxed or not, wove or laid, used for duplicating work, especially interleaving for use with two-sided carbon paper, using a metal stylus. Source: European Union. (references) |
Building & Civil Engineering | A pipe fitting with several lateral outlets for connecting one pipe with others. Source: European Union. (references) |
Chemical Industry | A pipe fitting used as a common junction for several gas supply pipes. Source: European Union. (references) |
Chemistry | Ozone injection --. Source: European Union. (references) |
Electrical Engineering | Absorbers typically use parallel 1. 2 to 1. 5 cm diameter tubes(risers), 12 to 15 cm apart, soldered or brased into headers of about 2. 5 cm in diameter at the top and bottom. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mechanical Engineering | That part of a pipe system to which several branches are connected. Source: European Union. (references) |
Metallurgy | Dans le chalumeau oxyacétylénique, raccord entre le boyau du chalumeau et les bouteilles d'oxygène. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
This page deals only with the mathematical term. See also: River Manifold. In mathematics, a manifold is a topological space that looks locally like the "ordinary" Euclidean space Rn and is a Hausdorff space. An example is the surface of a sphere such as Earth, which is not a plane, but small patches of it are homeomorphic to (i.e., topologically equivalent to) patches of the Euclidean plane. To make precise the notion of "looks locally like" one uses local coordinate systems or charts, as will be described in detail below. Every manifold has a dimension, the number of coordinates needed in local coordinate systems.
Requiring a manifold to be Hausdorff may seem strange; it is tempting to think that being locally homeomorphic to a Euclidean space implies being a Hausdorff space. A counterexample is created by deleting zero from the real line and replacing it with two points, an open neighborhood of either of which includes all nonzero numbers in some open interval centered at zero. This construction, called the real line with two origins is not Hausdorff, because the two origins cannot be separated.
If the local charts on a manifold are compatible in a certain sense, one can talk about directions, tangent spaces, and differentiable functions on that manifold. These manifolds are called differentiable. In order to measure lengths and angles, even more structure is needed and one defines Riemannian manifolds.
Differentiable manifolds are used in mathematics to describe geometrical objects; they are also the most natural and general setting to study differentiability (but see diffeology for more general notions).
In physics, differentiable manifolds serve as the phase space in classical mechanics and four dimensional pseudo-Riemannian manifolds are used to model spacetime in general relativity.
What follows is a clean mathematical treatment of manifolds.
A topological n-manifold with boundary is a Hausdorff space in which every point has an open neighbourhood homeomorphic to either an open subset of E n (Euclidean n-space) or an open subset of the closed half of E n.
The set of points which have an open neighbourhood homeomorphic to E n is called the interior of the manifold; it is always non-empty.
The complement of the interior, i.e. the set of points which have an open neighbourhood homeomorphic to a closed half of E n, is called the boundary; it is an (n-1)-manifold.
A manifold with empty boundary is said to be '\closed if it is compact, and open' if it is not compact.
Manifolds inherit many of the local properties of Euclidean space.
In particular, they are locally path-connected, locally compact and locally metrizable.
(Readers should see the Topology Glossary for definitions of topological terms used in this article.)
Being locally compact Hausdorff spaces they are necessarily Tychonoff spaces.
Every connected manifold without boundary is homogeneous.
It can be shown that a manifold is metrizable if and only if it is paracompact.
Non-paracompact manifolds (such as the long line) are generally regarded as pathological, so it's common to add paracompactness to the definition of an n-manifold.
Sometimes n-manifolds are defined to be second countable, which is precisely the condition required to ensure that the manifold embeds in some finite-dimensional Euclidean space.
Note that every compact manifold is second-countable, and every second-countable manifold is paracompact.
The classification of n-manifolds for n greater than four is known to be impossible; it is equivalent to the so-called word problem in group theory, which has been shown to be undecidable.
We know that every second-countable connected 1-manifold without boundary is homeomorphic either to R or the circle.
(The unconnected ones are just disjoint unions of these.)
For a classification of 2-manifolds, see Surface.
The 3-dimensional case is still open. Thurston's Geometrization Conjecture, if true, together with current knowledge, would imply a classification of 3-manifolds. Grigori Perelman may have proven this conjecture; his work is currently being evaluated, as of June 14, 2003.
In order to discuss differentiability of functions, one needs more structure than a topological manifold provides. We start with a topological manifold M without boundary.
An open set of M together with a homeomorphism between the open set and an open set of En is called a coordinate chart.
A collection of charts which cover M is called an atlas of M.
The homeomorphisms of two overlapping charts provide a transition map from a subset of En to some other subset of En.
If all these maps are k times continuously differentiable, then the atlas is an Ck atlas.
Example: The unit sphere in R3 can be covered by two charts: the complements of the north and south poles with coordinate maps - stereographic projections relative to the two poles.
Two Ck atlases are called equivalent if their union is a Ck atlas.
This is an equivalence relation, and a Ck manifold is defined to be a manifold together with an equivalence class of Ck atlases.
If all the connecting maps are infinitely often differentiable, then one speaks of a smooth or
C∞ manifold; if they are all analytic, then the manifold is an analytic or Cω manifold.
Intuitively, a smooth atlas provides local coordinate systems such that the change-of-coordinate functions are smooth.
These coordinate systems allow one to define differentiability and integrability of functions on M.
Associated with every point on a differentiable manifold is a tangent space and its dual, the cotangent space.
The former consists of the possible directional derivatives, and the latter of the differentials, which can be thought of as infinitesimal elements of the manifold.
These spaces always have the same dimension n as the manifold does.
The collection of all tangent spaces can in turn be made into a manifold, the tangent bundle, whose dimension is 2n.
If a C∞ manifold also carries a differentiable group structure, it is called a Lie group.
These are the proper objects for describing symmetries of analytical structures.
Once a C1 atlas on a paracompact manifold is given, we can refine it to a real analytic atlas (meaning that the new atlas, considered as a C1 atlas, is equivalent to the given one), and all such refinements give the same analytic manifold. Therefore, one often considers only these latter manifolds.
Not every topological manifold admits such a smooth atlas. The lowest dimension is 4 where there are non-smoothable topological manifolds. Also, it is possible for two non-equivalent differentiable manifolds to be homeomorphic. The famous example was given by John Milnor of wild 7-spheres, i.e. non-diffeomorphic topological 7-spheres. Topological manifolds
Differentiable manifolds
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Manifold."
Synonyms: ManifoldSynonyms: multiplex (adj), multiply (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Multiformity | Adjective: polymorphous, multiform, multifold, multifarious, multigenerous, multiplex; heterogeneous, diversified, dissimilar, various, varied, variform; manifold, many-sided; variegated, motley, mosaic; epicene, indiscriminate, desultory, irregular; mixed, different, assorted, mingled, odd, diverse, divers; all manner of; of every description, of all sorts and kinds; et hoc genus omne; and what not? de omnibus rebus et quibusdam aliis. |
Multitude | Adjective: many, several, sundry, divers, various, not a few; Briarean; a hundred, a thousand, a myriad, a million, a quadrillion, a nonillion, a thousand and one; some ten or a dozen, some forty or fifty; half a dozen, half a hundred; very many, full many, ever so many; numerous; numerose; profuse, in profusion; manifold, multiplied, multitudinous, multiple, multinominal, teeming, populous, peopled, crowded, thick, studded; galore. |
Scholar | Phrase: "he was a scholar and a ripe and good one"; "the manifold linguist". |
Writing | Compose, indite, draw up, draft, formulate; dictate; inscribe, throw on paper, dash off; manifold. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Manifold |
| English words defined with "manifold": backfire ♦ Copygraph ♦ exhaust manifold, exhaust pipe, exhaust valve ♦ importantly, inlet manifold, intake manifold ♦ Manifold writing, Manifolded, Manifolding, Manifoldly, Multifold, multiplex, Multiplicious, Multivocal ♦ Papyrograph, Pluralize ♦ significantly ♦ Too many. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "manifold": boost pressure ♦ CARBON-FURNACE OPERATOR, CARBON-FURNACE-OPERATOR HELPER, CASTING-MACHINE OPERATOR, centrifugal flow compressor, CHAR-FILTER OPERATOR, CHAR-FILTER-OPERATOR HELPER, CHARGING MANIFOLD ♦ DEICER INSPECTOR, PNEUMATIC, dump valve ♦ FRANKALMOIGNE, fuel dump valve, fuel jettison ♦ hydrotator ♦ manifold paper ♦ PUMPER-GAUGER ♦ SCARFING MACHINE OPERATOR, SOLAR-FABRICATION TECHNICIAN ♦ Tongues, Gift of, tunnel carriage. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "manifold": Poecilopoda. (references) |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Valve manifold and hose leads to submerged pontoons, on board a salvage vessel off Honolulu, Hawaii, probably in August 1915. This equipment was devised by Naval Constructor Julius A. Furer. Halftone photograph, copied from "Transactions of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers", Volume 24, 1916, Figure 11. The tug in the left distance is probably USS Navajo.Credit: NAVY. |  | Victory food from American waters. Immediately after being caught rosefish are shoveled into the hold for packing the ice. Once called "goldfish" because of their brilliant color, the fish are finding a ready market because of their manifold uses--as food.Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Tulsa, Oklahoma. Valve manifold which controls the pipeline system at the Mid-continent refinery.Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | In the earlier epochs of history, we find almost everywhere a complicated arrangement of society into various orders, a manifold gradation of social rank. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Had Jean Valjean gone up the gallery, he would have come, after manifold efforts, exhausted by fatigue, expiring, in the darkness, to a wall. |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | What must it be, then, to bear the manifold tortures of hell for ever? |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | FRANKALMOIGNE, n. The tenure by which a religious corporation holds lands on condition of praying for the soul of the donor. In mediaeval times many of the wealthiest fraternities obtained their estates in this simple and cheap manner, and once when Henry VIII of England sent an officer to confiscate certain vast possessions which a fraternity of monks held by frankalmoigne, "What!" said the Prior, "would you master stay our benefactor's soul in Purgatory?" "Ay," said the officer, coldly, "an ye will not pray him thence for naught he must e'en roast." "But look you, my son," persisted the good man, "this act hath rank as robbery of God!" "Nay, nay, good father, my master the king doth but deliver him from the manifold temptations of too great wealth." |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | Deeply impressed with the blessings which we enjoy, and of which we have such manifold proofs, my mind is irresistibly drawn to that Almighty Being, the great source from whence they proceed and to whom our most grateful acknowledgments are due. |
Zachary Taylor | 1849-1850 | With such aids and an honest purpose to do whatever is right, I hope to execute diligently, impartially, and for the best interests of the country the manifold duties devolved upon me. |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | The evolution of centuries has brought us to a new era in world history in which manifold relationships between nations must be formalized and developed in new and intricate ways. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Manifold" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 56.76% of the time. "Manifold" is used about 111 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 56.76% | 63 | 42,364 |
| Noun (singular) | 39.64% | 44 | 51,500 |
| Noun (proper) | 3.6% | 4 | 175,879 |
| Total | 100.00% | 111 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "manifold" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Manifold | Last name | 130 | 55,697 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "manifold": exhaust manifold ♦ induction manifold ♦ inlet manifold ♦ intake manifold ♦ manifold paper ♦ manifold pressure ♦ manifold writer ♦ Manifold writing. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
exhaust manifold | 213 |
manifold | 167 |
intake manifold | 157 |
marine manifold | 44 |
turbo manifold | 43 |
offenhauser intake manifold | 33 |
edelbrock manifold | 26 |
offenhauser manifold | 26 |
wilson manifold | 24 |
mercruiser exhaust manifold | 22 |
edelbrock intake manifold | 20 |
ford intake manifold | 18 |
hydraulic manifold | 17 |
pierce manifold | 17 |
manifold gauge | 16 |
venom intake manifold | 15 |
osco manifold | 15 |
custom intake manifold | 15 |
omc manifold | 13 |
omc exhaust manifold | 11 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "manifold"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | tub shkarkimi, skapamento (exhaust, silencer), shumëfishoj (diversify, multiply), kopje (carbon, carbon copy, copy, crib, ditto, double, duplicate, duplication, facsimile, model, picture, replica, replication, reproduction, take off, tally), kolektor (collector), i shumëllojshëm (diverse, diversified, mixed, omnifarious), i shumëfishtë (multifold, multiple, multiplex, plural), i shumëanshëm (many-sided, miscellaneous, multilateral, various), gyp shkarkimi, bëj kopje (duplicate, reproduce). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | منوع (diversified, variegated), متنوع (assorted, different, diverse, diversified, heterogeneous, miscellaneous, motley, multifarious, omnifarious, several, sundry, variant, varied, various), متعدد (diverse, diversified, multiple, numerous, sundry, varied, various), متشعب (divergent, forked, ramified, ramose), مضاعف (double, doubled, duplicated, geminated, multiple, multiplied, redoubled, twofold), المؤلف من عناصر مختلفة. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | разнороден (assorted, discrete, heterogeneous, miscellaneous, mixed, motley, promiscuous, raggle-taggle, scratch), разновиден (diversiform, medley, multifarious, plural), разнообразен (chequered, daedal, diverse, diversified, medley, multifarious, omnifarious, piebald, varicolored, varicoloured, varied, variegated, various), размножавам (layer, multiply, propagate, reproduce), коляно (articulation, crank, elbow, joint, knee, leg, stub, toggle, tribe), колектор (accumulator, collector, picker), копие (assagai, assegai, carbon copy, copy, counterpart, ditto, double, duplicate, imitation, javelin, print off, repetition, replication, reproduction, shaft, spear, tally, transcript, transcription), многократен (frequent, frequentative, multifold, multiple, multiplex, repeated), многоброен (many, multiform, multiple, multitudinous, numerous, strong, thick). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 多樣 (diversity), 多头管. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | rozlièný (several, sundry), èetný. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | manifold (exhaust manifold), udstødningsmanifold (exhaust manifold), samleroer fordelerroer, kopieringspapir med olie-eller voximpraegnering (copying paper, manifold paper), grenroer (bifurcated pipe, branch pipe, forked pipe, tee-pipe, three-way pipe), grenrør, forgreningsroer (breeches, breeches piece), fordelingskammer (distribution box, distribution chamber), fordeler (delivery manifold, diffuser, dispenser, distributing frame, distribution block, distribution frame, distributor, distributor manifold, mechanical feeder, spreader). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | verdeler (coil distributor, current distributor, delivery manifold, dispenser, distribution block, distribution frame, distributor, distributor manifold, igniter, ignition distributor, sprue pin, timer), verdeelstuk (bifurcated pipe, branch pipe, dividing breeching, siamese), verdeelinrichting (distribution box, distribution chamber, distributor, mechanical feeder), verdeelapparaat (distributor manifold), uitlaatspruitstuk (exhaust manifold), spruitstuk (bifurcated pipe, branch pipe, exhaust manifold, forked pipe, nozzle, tee-pipe, three-way pipe), hoge-drukleiding, doorslagpapier (copying paper, flimsy paper, manifold paper). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | متنوع کردن (Diversify), متعدد (Great, Multifarious, Multiple, Several, Somedeal, Umpteen, Umpteenth), چندتا (Some, Various), چندبرابرکردن , چندبرابر, گوناگونی (Diversity, Variety), زیاد (Copious, Extortionary, Far, Generous, Great, Heavy, High, Immoderate, Intense, Late, Liberal, Many, Much, Populous, Rife, Superabundant, Thick, Too, Vast, Very, Wide), بسیار (Abundant, All, Damn, Extra, Far, Galore, Lot, Many, Much, Multifarious, Plenty, Precious, Somush, Sopping, Sorely, Very). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | yläreunan kokoojaputki (top or bottom header), kokoomaputki, jakoputki, alareunan kokoojaputki (top or bottom header). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | tubulure, collecteur (exhaust manifold, main drain). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | vielfältig (diverse, manifoldly, multifaceted, multifarious, multiplex, varied, wide), Sammelrohr, Kopie (carbon, carbon copy, copy, duplicate, hard copy, n., photocopy, print, printing, replica, replication, reproduction, transcript, transcription). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | πολλαπλός διανομέας (distributor manifold), διακλαδωμένη σωλήνωση, ειδικό τεμάχιο σωλήνα για διακλάδωση (branch pipe), χαρτί αντιγραφής (copying paper, manifold paper), πολλαπλούς κύριος αγωγός διανομής, πολλαπλούσ (multiple, multiplicate), πολλαπλάσιοσ (multiple), διανομέας (coil distributor, current distributor, deflector, delivery manifold, dispenser, dispensing machine, distribution box, distribution chamber, distributor, feed, igniter, ignition distributor, outlet, postman, seed metering device, sprue pin, timer), πολλαπλή εξαγωγής (exhaust manifold), κατανεμητήρας (distribution box, distribution chamber), πολυειδήσ (multifarious, multiflorous), συλλέκτης (accumulator, collector, collector ring, commutator, exhaust manifold, hay pick-up, header, picking attachment, pick-up, pick-up attachment, pick-up cylinder, receiver, sink, surge drum, windrow pick-up attachment), συλλέκτης εξάτμισης (exhaust manifold), συνδεσμολογíα εισóδου-εξóδου (top or bottom header), σωλήνας διακλαδώσεως (branch pipe), σωλήνας εισαγωγής, κατανομέας, πολλαπλή. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | רב פ ים (multiple), רב 'ו י (diversified, multicolored, particolored, polychromatic, variegated), רב צ""י (multilateral, versatile). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | változatos (checkered, diverse, diversified, multifarious, picturesque, protean, varied, variegated), sokszorosított irat, sokfajta, sokféleség (diversity, multeity, multifariousness, multiplicity). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | multiforme (multiform, pleomorphic, varied, versatile), molteplice (multifarious, multiple, multiplex), moltèplice, manifold (distribution box, distribution chamber), vario (variant, varied, various), ripartitore (distribution block, distribution frame, distributor, distributor manifold, dividing breeching, ice cream scoop, siamese, spreader), rampa di distribuzione, distributore (dealer, deflector, delivery manifold, dispatcher, dispenser, distributary, distribution box, distribution chamber, distribution rill, distribution undertaking, distributor, distributor valve, feed, machine, marketer, mechanical feeder, outlet, seed metering device, spreader, triple valve), condotto di collezione-superiore/inferiore (top or bottom header), complesso (assembly, complex, complicated, comprehensive, ensemble, entirety, extensive, group, intricate, system, totality, unit, whole), collettore di scarico (exhaust manifold), collettore a raccordi multipli, collettore (alcove, channel, collecting drain, collector, collector ring, commutator, cultch, drainage channel, gatherer, header, main drain, outlet, outlet ditch, runner, trench), carta per riproduzione di copie (copying paper, manifold paper), carta da copia (copying paper, manifold paper). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 重重 (repeated), 重々 (repeated). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | じゅうじゅう (repeated). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 다기관. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | ymmodee-filley (multiple, various), ymmodee (frequent, numerous, several, very many), shamyreen towlagh, piob towlagh. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | anifoldmay multiplicidade (manifoldness, multiplicity, plurality, variety), múltiplo (multifarious, multifold, multiple, multiple choice, multipliable, multitudinous, pluralism, subscriber's multiple, switchboard multiple), mimeografar (mimeographed), tubo de distribuição (delivery tube, orifice tube), repartidor (distribution block, distribution frame, distributor, distributor manifold), proclamação (acclamation, announcement, annunciation, blazon, declaration, hue and cry, outgo, proclamation, promulgation, pronouncing, publication), papel para cópias (copying paper, manifold paper), vários (diverse, several, some, sundry, umpteen, various), tubos adutores (top or bottom header), cópia (backup, carbon, copy, copying, double, duplicate, duplicating, imitation, print, replica, reproduction, transcript, xerox), tubos de ligação (top or bottom header), divisor (dial, distributor manifold, divider, dividing apparatus, dividing attachment, dividing knife, dividual, divorce, index center, index centers, indexing attachment, indexing center), diversos (divers, several, sundry), diversidade (difference, diversification, diversity, variety), colector de escape (exhaust manifold), colector (collecting drain, collector, collector ring, commutator, drain, exhaust manifold, header, main drain, revenue agent, tax collector), numerosos (many). (various references) multiplu (multiple), mulţime (accumulation, army, array, body, boodle, cloud, cluster, concourse, crowd, dozen, drove, fifty, flock, forest, generality, heap, herd, hive, host, huddle, lashing, mass, mob, multitude, muster, number, Peck, pile, plenty, populace, press, quantity, rabble, ream, shoal, sight, squash, stack, swarm, throng), varietate (assortment, variant, variety), variat (assorted, different, multifarious, multitudinous, sundry, varied, various), numeros (long, multiple, rife), felurit (different, diverse, multifarious, multiple, multitudinous, sundry, variant, varied, various), diversitate (diversity, variance, variety), diferit (alien, different, differently, dissimilar, distinct, divers, diverse, medley, otherwise, several, sundry, unlike, varied, various), copie multiplicatã, colector (accumulator, collecting, collector, gatherer), colecţie (anthology, assemblage, collection, Garland, pack, selection, set), claviaturã (clavier, finger board, keyboard). (various references) система трубопроводов (pipage), разнообразный (diverse, diversified, diversiform, miscellaneous, multifarious, pick'n'mix, plural, varicolored, varicoloured, various), трубопровод (conduit, duct, pipage, pipe, pipe line, pipeline, piping, tubing), коллектор (accumulator, collector, commutator, commuter, header, sampler, sewer), копия через копирку, копия (carbon copy, cc, copy, counterpart, doublet, edition, repetition, replica, replication, tally, transcript, transcription), выхлопная труба (tailpipe), многочисленный (large, massed, multitudinous, numerous, plural, umpteen, vast, vasty), многообразие (diversification, multeity, multiformity). (various references) mnogostruk (multifold, multiplex), mnogobrojan (multitudinous, numerable, numerate, numerous, populous, rife), umnožavati (double, multiply), raznovrstan (diversiform, heterogeneous, miscellaneous, multifarious, omnifarious, various), priključak cevi, cevovod (conduit, pipeline, piping, tubing). (various references) colector (collecting drain, collector, collector ring, commutator, exhaust manifold, header, main drain, receiver, shunt). (various references) mångfaldig (diverse). (various references) teksirle çoğaltmak, türlü türlü (all sorts, divers, diverse, many kinds of, miscellaneous), kopya (carbon copy, copy, crib, cribbing, ditto, double, duplicate, duplication, exemplar, facsimile, image, likeness, printing out, repetition, replica, replication, repro, spit, tracing, transcript, transcription, trot), dağıtım borusu, birçok (a good few, a lot, multiple, various), çoğaltmak (aggrandize, augment, clone, copy, increase, multiply, propagate, reproduce, scale up), çoğaltılan yazı örneği, çeşitli (assorted, different, differently, divers, diverse, diversified, medley, miscellaneous, multifarious, sundry, varied, various). (various references) різноманітність (catholicity, change, diversification, multiplicity, relief, variety), різноманітний (chequered, divers, diverse, diversified, diversiform, multifarious, multifold, multiform, multitudinous, omnifarious, omnigenous, protean, spotty, varicolored, varicoloured, variegated), розмножувати (multiply, propagate), численний (large, multifold, multitudinous, myriad, numerous, plenty, umpteen, vast), колектор (collector, commutator, junction box), копія (carbon, copy, counterpart, duplicate, duplication, edition, image, imitation, picture, pressing, replication, similitude, transcript, transcription). (various references) rất nhiều; nhiều vẻ. (various references) amryfal (sundry, various). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | multifarius, multimodus, multiplex. (various references) |
| Avestan | 200-600 | pouru-saredhayå. (various references) |
| Late Latin | 300-700 | multiplus. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Luke Chapter 18, Verse 30 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | OV ou mh apolabh pollaplasiona en tw kairw toutw kai en tw aiwni tw ercomenw zwhn aiwnion |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et non recipiat multo plura in hoc tempore et in saeculo venturo vitam aeternam |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | þe ne onfo mycele mare on þysse tide: and ece lif on towerdre worulde; |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And schal not resseyue many mo thingis in this tyme, and in the world to comynge euerlastynge lijf. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Which same shall not receave moche moore in this worlde: and in the worlde to come lyfe everlastinge. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Who shall not receive manifold more in this present time, and in the world to come life everlasting. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Who shall not receive manifold more in this present time, and in the world to come life everlasting. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Who will not get much more in this time, and in the world to come, eternal life. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Luke Chapter 18, Verse 30 |
| Bulgarian | който да не получи многократно повече в сегашно време, а в идещия свят вечен живот. |
| Cebuano | nga dili niining panahona karon makadawat sa pilopiloon ka labaw pa niini, ug unya sa kapanahonan nga umalabut, sa kinabu-hing dayon." |
| Chinese | ' 有 在 今 世 不 得 百 倍 、 在 來 世 不 得 永 " 的 。 |
| Croatian | a da ne bi primio mnogostruko veæ u ovom vremenu, i u buduæem vijeku život vjeèni." |
| Danish | uden at han skal få det mange Fold igen i denne Tid og i den kommende Verden et evigt Liv." |
| Dutch | Die niet zal veelvoudig weder ontvangen in dezen tijd, en in de toekomende eeuw het eeuwige leven. |
| Finnish | ja joka ei saisi monin verroin takaisin tässä ajassa, ja tulevassa maailmassa iankaikkista elämää". |
| French | ne reçoive beaucoup plus dans ce siècle-ci, et, dans le siècle venir, la vie éternelle. |
| German | der es nicht vielfältig wieder empfange in dieser Zeit, und in der zukünftigen Welt das ewige Leben. |
| Haitian Creole | moun sa a gen pou l' resevwa plis pase sa depi nan tan sa a, epi nan tan k'ap vini apre sa a li gen pou l' resevwa lavi ki p'ap janm fini an. |
| Hungarian | A ki sokszorta többet ne kapna ebben az idõben, a jövendõ világon pedig örök életet. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | orang itu akan dibalas berlipat ganda pada masa ini, dan pada zaman yang akan datang ia akan diberikan hidup sejati dan kekal." |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | yang tiada menerima pula banyak gandanya pada masa ini, dan di dalam akhirat hidup yang kekal." |
| Italian | che non riceva molto di più nel tempo presente e la vita eterna nel tempo che verr ». |
| Korean | 금 세 에 있 어 여 러 배 를 받 내 세 에 영 생 을 받 지 못 자 가 없 느 니 라' 하 시 니 라 |
| Latvian | Un kas nesaòem daudz vairâk jau ðinî laikâ, bet nâkoðajâ mûþâ mûþîgo dzîvi. |
| Maori | E kore e riro mai i a ia i tenei wa nga mea tini noa atu, a i te ao meake puta ko te ora tonu. |
| Modern Greek | οστις δεν θελει απολαυσει πολλαπλασια εν τω καιρω τουτω και εν τω ερχομενω αιωνι ζωην αιωνιον. |
| Norwegian | uten at han skal få mangefold igjen her i tiden, og i den kommende verden evig liv. |
| Portuguese | que não haja de receber no presente muito mais, e no mundo vindouro a vida eterna. |
| Rumanian | wi sq nu primeascq mult mai mult kn veacul acesta de acum, iar kn veacul viitor, viaya vecinicq.`` |
| Russian | Й ОЕ ПМХЮЙМ 'Щ ЗПТБЪ"П 'ПМЕЕ Ч УЙЕ ЧТЕНС, Й Ч ЧЕЛ 'Х"ХЭЙК ЦЙЪОЙ ЧЕЮОПК. |
| Shuar | Tutai Jesus Tímiayi "Shuar Yus akupeana nuna Túrataj tusa ni jeen ikiuakka tura Núnisan ni Aparíncha, Nukuríncha, yachinkisha, nuwenkesha, Uchirínkisha ikiuakka ju nunkanmasha Núkap Wáinkiattawai nu shuar. Tura tuke iwiaaku pujustinniasha Wáinkiattawai." |
| Spanish | que no haya de recibir muchísimo más en este tiempo, y en la edad venidera, la vida eterna. |
| Swahili | atapokea mengi zaidi wakati huu wa sasa, na kupokea uzima wa milele wakati ujao." |
| Swedish | ingen sådan finnes, som icke skall mångfaldigt igen redan här i tiden, och i den tillkommande tidsåldern evigt liv." |
| Thai | ในเวลานี้ผู้นั้นจะไ"้รับตอบแทนหลายเท่า และในโลกหน้าจะไ"้ชีวิตนิรัน"ร์" |
| Ukrainian | і не одержав би значно більш цього часу, а в віці наступнім життя вічне. |
| Uma | tauna toe-mi to mporata wori' ngkani hiwili-na hi dunia' toi. Pai' hi eo mpeno mporata wo'o-i katuwua' to lompe' duu' kahae-hae-na." |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "manifold": manifolded, manifolding, manifoldly, manifoldness, manifoldnesses, manifolds. (additional references) | |
| |
"Manifold" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: hainfeld, Mahidol, Manarola, manyfold, Mbanefo, Mcnicoll, Meifod, Meinhold, Menehould, Mundiford. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "manifold" (pronounced ma"nufō'ld) |
| 4 | -f ō' l d | billfold, blindfold, centerfold, eightfold, fivefold, fourfold, ninefold, sevenfold, sixfold, tenfold, threefold. |
| 3 | -ō' l d | bankrolled, buttonholed, chokehold, foothold, freehold, handhold, household, leasehold, Mangold, marigold, pigeonholed, potholed, stranglehold, stronghold, threshold, toehold. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-d-f-i-l-m-n-o" | |
-2 letters: almond, amidol, daimon, dolman, domain, fandom, infold, ladino, oilman. | |
-3 letters: aloin, amido, amino, amnio, danio, dolma, domal, final, folia, indol, liman, modal, monad, nidal, nodal, nomad. | |
-4 letters: alif, amid, amin, anil, damn, dial, diol, dona, fado, fail, fain, fano, fido, fila, film, filo, find, fino, flam, flan, foal, foam, foil, foin, fold, fond, idol, info, laid, lain, land, lido, lima, limn, limo, lino, lion, load, loaf, loam, loan, loin, maid, mail, main, mano, mild, milo, mina, mind, moan, modi, moil, mola, mold, naif, nail, naoi, nodi, noil, noma. | |
-5 letters: ado, aid, ail, aim, ain, ami, and, ani, dal, dam, dim, din, dol, dom, don, fad, fan, fid, fil, fin, fon, ion, lad, lam, lid, lin, mad, man, mid, mil, moa, mod, mol, mon, nam, nil, nim, nod, nom, oaf, oil, old. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-d-f-i-l-m-n-o" | |
+1 letter: manifolds. | |
+2 letters: manifolded, manifoldly. | |
+3 letters: manifolding, sulfonamide. | |
+4 letters: manifoldness, sulfonamides, unmodifiable. | |
+5 letters: deformalizing, deformational, malfunctioned. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)4D 61 6E 69 66 6F 6C 64 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)-- .- -. .. ..-. --- .-.. -.. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001101 01100001 01101110 01101001 01100110 01101111 01101100 01100100 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)M a n i f o l d |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)004D 0061 006E 0069 0066 006F 006C 0064 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)4767807572817870 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Historic 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Names: Frequency | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Translations: Ancient | 17. Bible Trace 18. Derivations 19. Rhymes 20. Anagrams | 21. Orthography 22. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
