Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Lung Cancer |
Lung CancerNoun1. Carcinoma of the lungs; one of the commonest forms of cancer. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Crosswords: Lung Cancer |
| English words defined with "lung cancer": asbestos ♦ evidence ♦ grounds ♦ pneumonectomy. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "lung cancer": biomarkers ♦ CA-15-3 Antigen, Carcinoma, Bronchogenic, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, CI-994 ♦ Epirubicin, extensive-stage small cell lung cancer ♦ limited-stage small cell lung cancer, L-myc gene, lung metastases, Lung Neoplasms ♦ non-small cell lung cancer ♦ oat cell cancer ♦ Pancoast tumor, Protein p53 ♦ small cell lung cancer, stage I mesothelioma, stage I non-small cell lung cancer, stage II non-small cell lung cancer, stage III mesothelioma, stage IV non-small cell lung cancer ♦ tumor marker ♦ Vindesine. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Exposure to carcinogens, such as those present in tobacco smoke, immediately causes small changes to the tissue lining the bronchi of the lungs (the bronchial mucous membrane). This effect is cumulative, and over time with continued exposure more and more tissue gets damaged until a tumour develops. If the tumour grows inwards it may obstruct the air passageway, causing breathing difficulties. The lungs may then collapse and infections can develop, leading to lung abscess. The patient here would start to cough up blood-stained material. However, if the tumour grows outwards in to the lung it may not even be noticed by the patient before it starts to spread to other parts of the body. Common symptons include: coughing up blood or lung-material bad, chronic, cough, wheezing, chest pains, weight loss or loss of appetite, shortness of breath.
Small cell types:
Non-small cell types:
The listed types add up to 90% of all cases of lung cancer. Other forms include carcinoid, cylindroma, mucoepidermoid and malignant mesothelioma.
Passive smoking, whereby exhaled smoke is taken up by other people, has recently been identified as a much larger cause of lung cancer in non-smokers than previously believed. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1993 concluded that about 3,000 lung-cancer related deaths were caused by passive smoking every year, however the true extent is still being contested among scientists.
Asbestos is another popularly known carcinogen mainly for mesothelioma (affecting the mesothelium lining lungs, abdomen or heart.) Often this exposure happens to people unavoidably through their work.
Radon is a colourless and odorless gas derived from the breakdown of radioactive radium, which in turn is the decayed product of uranium, found in the earth's crust. It is the second major cause of lung cancer after smoking. This radiation ionises genetic material, causing mutations that sometimes become cancerous. Radon gas levels vary over where you live. In areas such as Cornwall in the UK, radon-gas is a major problem, and fans have to be installed to drive out the gas. In the US the EPA estimated that 1 in 15 homes have radon levels above the recommended standard.
Oncogenes are genes which is believed make people more susceptible to cancer. Proto-oncogenes are believed to turn in to oncogenes when exposed to particular carcinogens. Viruses are suspected to cause cancer in humans, as this link has already been proven in animals.
Radiofrequency Ablation is increasing in popularity for this condition as it is non toxic and causes very little pain. It seems especially effective when combined with chemotherapy as it catches the cells inside a tumor - the ones difficult to get with chemo due to a reduced bood supply to the inside of the tumor. It is done by inserting a small heat proble inside the tumor to cook the tumor cells. These are then disposed of by the body through normal eliminative processes.
Other treatments include a variety of non patentable techniques often derived from native medical traditions - for instance fish oil. Fish oil prevents and reverses 'cachexia' - cancer weight loss. There are many such treatments listed on http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed where the research never reaches the double blind trial stage because no company spends millions of dollars testing the efficacy of something it cannot patent. A search there on 'tumor' and 'complete response' is enlightening when combined with the chemical names of substances from http://www.mnwelldir.org/docs/cancer1/altthrpy.htm Types
There are two main types of lung cancer categorised by the size of the cancerous cells seen under a microscope: small and non-small cell lung cancer.
Small cell carcinoma (also called oat cell carcinoma) is the less common form of lung cancer, making up 20% of cases. It tends to start in the larger breathing tubes and grows rapidly becoming quite large.
Epidermoid carcinoma (or Squamous cell carcinoma) also starts in the larger breathing tubes but grows slower meaning that the size of these tumours varies when on diagnosis.
Adenocarcinoma (or for slower growing forms alveolar cell cancer) is a form which starts near the surface of the lung.
Large cell carcinoma is a fast-growing form that grows near the surface of the lung.Causes
There are four major reasons why people get lung cancer (and actually cancer in general):
Smoking, particularly of cigarettes, is believed to be by far the main cause of cancer, which in at least in theory makes it one of the easiest diseases to prevent. An estimated 80% of lung cancers result from smoking, due to the hundreds of known carcinogens, such as benzene, present in cigarette smoke. The length of time that a person continues to smoke as well as the amount smoked increases there chances of contracting lung cancer. However if someone stops smoking then these chances steadily decrease as the damage to their lungs is repaired.Treatment
Treatments for lung cancer depends on the specific form, how far it has developed and on other details of the patient (eg. age). Common treatments include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Lung cancer."
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | It takes a real man to deal with lung cancer. (Revelation; writing credit: Paul Lalonde; Peter Lalonde) | |
Clever | Lung Cancer in Women Mushrooms (references; author: unknown) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
References | |
Books | |
Periodicals |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | This is an x-ray image of a chest. Both sides of the lungs are visible with a growth on the left side of the lung, which could possibly be lung cancer. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |  | Arthur Godfrey, popular entertainer and smoker who later died of lung cancer, touts Chesterfield cigarettes as safe and "best for me." Tobacco, smoking. Credit: CDC. |
 | This physician ... is using advanced diagnostic techniques ... for the detection of lung cancer. / WHO p. Credit: National Library of Medicine; photo by E. Schwab.. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Cigarette smoking has been linked to about 90 percent of all lung cancer cases. (references) | |
As a cause of cancer death in women, breast cancer is exceeded only by lung cancer. (references) | ||
This technique is being used to treat prostate cancer, lung cancer, and certain brain tumors. (references) | ||
Business | Following cardiovascular diseases, breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in the country and lung cancer registers in third place. (references) | |
Over the years, one out of every ten women will be diagnosed with breast cancer and 39 persons in 1000 will develop lung cancer (with more women now smoking, the 4/1 male/female ratio is beginning to decrease). (references) | ||
Lung cancer was recorded as the principal cause of cancer related deaths in men living in Buenos Aires and in 21 of the 23 Argentine provinces, whereas breast cancer was the main disease for women in the federal capital and in 18 provinces. (references) | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Dennis Miller | What lifts my ass off the can is when people who have smoked for fifty years are amazed when they get lung cancer. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Expressions using "lung cancer": extensive-stage small cell lung cancer ♦ limited-stage small cell lung cancer ♦ non-small cell lung cancer ♦ small cell lung cancer ♦ stage I non-small cell lung cancer ♦ stage II non-small cell lung cancer ♦ stage III non-small cell lung cancer ♦ stage IV non-small cell lung cancer. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "lung cancer"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||
Danish | kromatkræft (lung cancer caused by chromates), kromatinduceret lungekræft (lung cancer caused by chromates). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Finnish | keuhkosyöpä. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
French | cancer pulmonaire chromique (lung cancer caused by chromates). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
German | Chromatlungenkrebs (lung cancer caused by chromates), Chromatkrebs (lung cancer caused by chromates). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Greek | καρκίνος του πνεύμονα. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Italian | cancro polmonare dei cromatori (lung cancer caused by chromates). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 肺癌 , 肺が" . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | はいが" (meeting, setting a place or the table, sprouting up, torrential). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Manx | kanghyr scowanagh. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | unglay ancercay câncer pulmonar crómico (lung cancer caused by chromates). (various references) lungcancer (bronchial cancer). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-c-e-g-l-n-n-r-u" | |
-2 letters: caruncle. | |
-3 letters: clanger, glancer, granule, lucarne, nuclear, unclean, unclear, unlearn. | |
-4 letters: accrue, angler, cancel, cancer, cangue, cannel, canner, carcel, cuneal, cunner, glance, glucan, gunnel, gunner, lacune, lagune, lancer, langue, langur, lanner, launce, lucern, lungan, lunger, neural, nuance, nuncle, regnal, runnel, uncage, unlace, unreal. | |
-5 letters: angel, anger, angle, annul, argle, argue, auger, cager, caner, carle. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-c-e-g-l-n-n-r-u" | |
+5 letters: counterclaiming. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)4C 75 6E 67 43 61 6E 63 65 72 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
|
Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001100 01110101 01101110 01100111 00100000 01000011 01100001 01101110 01100011 01100101 01110010 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)L u n g   C a n c e r |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)004C 0075 006E 0067 0043 0061 006E 0063 0065 0072 |
Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)468780732376780697184 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Photo Album 6. Quotations: Non-fiction 7. Quotations: Spoken 8. Expressions | 9. Expressions: Internet 10. Translations: Modern 11. Anagrams 12. Orthography | 13. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
| Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions: woordeboek, fjalor, معجم, قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 字引 , じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , 사 , dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for dictionary; definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, الوضوحية في الشيء, حد, تحديد, تعريف, التحديد, الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition; vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ترجمة, إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation; Deens, danisht, danishte, لغة الدانمركية, نوع كعك, دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish; Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, اللغة الفنلندية, فنلندية, فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for Finnish; Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, فرنسي, اللغة الفرنسية, الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French; Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ضرب من الرقص, جرماني, المانية, الماني, اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German; Grieks, Griek, الإغريقي, يوناني, اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b gi gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for Greek; Italianer, Italiaans, Italiaan, شخص إيطالي, اللغة الإيطالية, الإيطالي, إيطالي, Italianu, италиански език, италиански, италианец, Italyano, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italština, italský, ital, italiener, italienskt, italialainen, Italien, Italjaansk, italienisch, Ιταλός, italisht, איטלקי, איטלקית, olasz, Ítali, IodÚilis, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, Włoch, italianã, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, итальянский язык, итальянский, итальянец, Italia, italijanski, italijanski jezik, italijan, sí-Taliyáne, italienare, italiensk, italienska, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, ชาวอิตาลี, าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка, for Italian; gjuha e popullsisë së ishullit men, manský, manština, manx, mann-szigeti nyelv, Gaelgagh, Yn Ghaelg, Manninish, Manninagh, язык жителей о-ва мэн, с о-ва мэн, s ostrva mana, los habitantes de la isla de man, lengua de la isla de man, de la isla de man, från ön man, man dili, man adası, менський діалект, менський, for manx; Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, اللغة البرتغالية, البرتغالية, البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for Portuguese; Sweeds, suedez, اللغة السويدية, Suecu, шведски език, шведски, швед, Swedis, 瑞典語 , 瑞典语, švédský, švédština, Zweeds, svenskt, ruotsalainen, suédois, Sweedsk, schwedisch, σουηδικόσ, σουηδικά, svéd, sænskur, Sualainnis, svedese, スウェーデン語 , スウェーデン", 스웨덴, Soolynish, Soolynagh, suèc, шведский, švedski jezik, švedski, sueco, svensk, เกี่ยวกับคน าษาและวั'นธรรมของประเทศสวีเ"น, isveççe, isveç dili, isveç, Ísveçlí, шведська мова, шведський, người Thuỵ điển tiếng Thuỵ điển, for Swedish; |
