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Definition: Living |
LivingAdjective1. Having life; "a live canary"; "hit a live nerve"; "famous living painters"; "living tissue"; "living plants and animals". 2. Pertaining to living persons; "within living memory". 3. True to life; lifelike; "the living image of her mother". 4. Dwelling or inhabiting; often used in combination: "living quarters"; "tree-living animals". 5. (intensifier) "she is a living doll"; "scared the living daylights out of them"; "beat the living hell out of him". 6. Still in existence; "the Wollemi pine found in Australia is a surviving specimen of a conifer thought to have been long extinct and therefore known as a living fossil"; "the only surviving frontier blockhouse in Pennsylvania". 7. Still in active use; "a living language". 8. Full of life and interest; "made history a living subject". 9. (used of minerals or stone) in its natural state and place; not mined or quarried; "carved into the living stone";. Noun1. The experience of living; the course of human events and activities; "he could no longer cope with the complexities of life". 2. People who are still living; "save your pity for the living". 3. The condition of living or the state of being alive; "while there's life there's hope"; "life depends on many chemical and physical processes". 4. The financial means whereby one lives; "each child was expected to pay for their keep"; "he applied to the state for support"; "he could no longer earn his own livelihood". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "living" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
simple:LifeLife is a primarily biological concept with no simple definition.
- Alternate meanings: Conway's Game of Life, Hasbro's Game of Life, personal life, Life magazine, Life imprisonment
Attempts to define the concept of life
The conventional definition
An entity is usually considered to be alive if it exhibits the following phenomena at least once during its existence:
Controversially, according to this definition,
- Growth
- Metabolism, consuming, transforming and storing energy; growing by absorbing and reorganizing mass; excreting waste
- Motion, either moving itself, or having internal motion
- Reproduction, the ability to create roughly exact copies of itself
- Stimulus response, the ability to measure properties of its surrounding environment, and act on certain conditions
- fire is alive. (This could be remedied by adding the requirement of locality, where there is an obvious feature that delineates the spatial extension of the living being (such as a cell membrane).)
- a mule is not alive. (It cannot reproduce and produce a mule.)
- virii are not alive. (They cannot grow or evince behavior.)
Other definitions
Other definitions include:
- Lynn Margulis's definition of life as an autopoietic (self-producing), water based, lipid-protein bound, carbon metabolic, nucleic acid replicated, protein readout system
- "a system of inferior negative feedbacks subordinated to a superior positive feedback" (J. theor Biol. 2001)
- "functional organization for sustaining self and kind, involving active use of energy and information replication (respectively)" (Human Knowledge: Foundations and Limits, which classifies about twenty-five categories of replicating or self-sustaining phenomena)
- Tom Kinch's definition of life as a highly organized auto-cannibalizing system naturally emerging from conditions common on planetary bodies, and consisting of a population of replicators capable of mutation, around each set of which a homeostatic metabolizing organism, which actively helps reproduce and/or protect the replicator(s), has evolved
- Stuart Kauffman's definition of life as an autonomous agent or autonomous agents capable of reproducing itself or themselves, and of completing at least one thermodynamic work cycle
Descent with modification: a "useful" characteristic
A useful characteristic upon which to base a definition of life is that of descent with modification: the ability of a life form to produce offspring that are like it, but that also have the possibility of random variations. This characteristic alone is sufficient to allow evolution, assuming the variations in the offspring allow for differential survivability. The study of this form of heritability is called genetics, and in all known life forms, with the exception of prions, the genetic material is primarily DNA, or the related molecule, RNA. Another exception might be the software code of certain forms of virii and programs created through genetic programming, but whether computer programs can be alive even by this definition is still a matter of some contention.
Exceptions to the common definiton
Note that many individual organisms are incapable of reproduction and yet are still generally considered to be "alive;" see mules and ants for examples. However, these exceptions can be accounted for by applying the definition of life on the level of entire species or of individual genes. (For example, see kin selection for information about one way by which non-reproducing individuals can still enhance the spread of their genes and the survival of their species.)
Virii reproduce, flames grow, some software programs mutate and evolve, future software programs will probably evince (even high-order) behavior, machines move, and proto-life, consisting of metabolizing cells without reproduction apparatus, can have existed. Still, some would not call these entities alive. Generally, all six characteristics are required for a population to be considered alive.
The possibility of extraterrestrial life
As of 2003, Earth is the only planet in the universe known by humans to support life. The question of whether life exists elsewhere in the universe remains an open question, although the probability that Earth is the only location in the universe, or even the galaxy, that harbors life, is extremely low. There have been a number of false alarms of life elsewhere in the universe, but none of these apparent discoveries have so far survived scientific scrutiny.
Currently, the closest that scientists have come to finding extraterrestrial life is fossil evidence of possible bacterial life on Mars. There also may be simple life forms on Jupiter's moons.
Other facts
All life on Earth is based on the chemistry of carbon compounds. Some assert that this must be the case for all possible forms of life throughout the universe; others describe this position as 'carbon chauvinism'.
The most successful animal of the earth, in terms of biomass, is the Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, with a biomass of probably over 500 million tonnes.
Lifespan is the length of life in each species. Death is the termination of life in a living system, or in part thereof. Some people think that life was created by God or gods.
Related articles
- Meaning of life
- Vitalism
- Materialism
- Artificial life
- Value of life
- Afterlife
Reference
- Kauffman, Stuart. The Adjacent Possible: A Talk with Stuart Kauffman. Retrieved Nov. 30, 2003 from [http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/kauffman03/kauffman_index.html]" class="external">[1]
External link
- "The Adjacent Possible: A Talk with Stuart Kauffman"
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Life."
Synonyms: LivingSynonyms: live (adj), living(a) (adj), surviving (adj), aliveness (n), animation (n), bread and butter (n), keep (n), life (n), livelihood (n), support (n), sustenance (n). (additional references) |
| Antonym: dead (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Animal | Beast, brute, creature, critter, wight, created being; creeping thing, living thing; dumb animal, dumb creature; zoophyte. |
Business | Office, place, post, chargeship, incumbency, living; situation, berth, employ; service; (servitude); engagement; undertaking. |
Office, place, post, chargeship, incumbency, living; situation, berth, employ; service; (servitude); engagement; undertaking. | |
Churchdom | Pontificate, primacy, archbishopric, archiepiscopacy; prelacy; bishopric, bishopdom; episcopate, episcopacy; see, diocese; deanery, stall; canonry, canonicate; prebend, prebendaryship; benefice, incumbency, glebe, advowson, living, cure; rectorship; vicariate, vicarship; deaconry, deaconship; curacy; chaplain, chaplaincy, chaplainship; cardinalate, cardinalship; abbacy, presbytery. |
Food | Comestibles, eatables, victuals, edibles, ingesta; grub, grubstake, prog, meat; bread, bread stuffs; cerealia; cereals; viands, cates, delicacy, dainty, creature comforts, contents of the larder, fleshpots; festal board; ambrosia; good cheer, good living. |
Gluttony | Epicurism; good living, high living; edacity, gulosity, crapulence; guttling, guzzling; pantophagy. |
Intellect | Phrase: ens rationis; frons est animi janua; locos y ninos dicen la verdad; mens sola loco non exulat; " my mind is my kingdom "; " stern men with empires in their brains "; " the mind, the music breathing from her face "; " thou living ray of intellectual Fire ". |
Intemperance | Noun: intemperance; sensuality, animalism, carnality; tragalism; pleasure; effeminacy, silkiness; luxury, luxuriousness; lap of pleasure, lap of luxury; free living. |
Indulgence; high living, wild living, inabstinence, self-indulgence; voluptuousness; Adjective: epicurism, epicureanism; sybaritism; drug habit. | |
Life | Adjective: living, alive; in life, in the flesh, in the land of the living; on this side of the grave, above ground, breathing, quick, animated; animative; lively. (active); all alive and kicking; tenacious of life; full of life, yeasty. |
Mankind | Human being; person, personage; individual, creature, fellow creature, mortal, body, somebody; one; such a one, some one; soul, living soul; earthling; party, head, hand; dramatis personae; quidam. |
Organization | Noun: organized world, organized nature; living nature, animated nature; living beings; organic remains, fossils. |
Repute | Phrase: one's name being in every mouth, one's name living for ever; sic itur ad astra, fama volat, aut Caesar aut nullus; not to know him argues oneself unknown; none but himself could be his parallel, palmam qui meruit ferat. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Living |
| English words defined with "living": cost of living ♦ living substance, living thing, living together, living will. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "living": cost of living adjustment, cost of living index ♦ HIGH LIVING ♦ index of prices for cost of living ♦ level of living, living fuel, living index, living probate, living standard, living unit ♦ separate living quarters. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "living": Zouave. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Living" is also a word in the following language with English translations in parentheses. Spanish (living room, lounge). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | What do you do for a living, Mr. Fletch (Fletch; writing credit: Andrew Bergman. Based on the novel by Gregory McDonald.) You've been living in a dream world, Neo. (The Matrix; writing credit: Andy Wachowski; Larry Wachowski) A town of people living in the sweet hereafter (The Sweet Hereafter; writing credit: Atom Egoyan) Two of them were killers that never made it past the age of 35. The other is a non-practicing attorney, living within the pain of his past, too afraid to let go, finding reassurance instead of confronting its horror (Sleepers; writing credit: Barry Levinson) It must be hard living your life off a couple of scraps of paper (Memento; writing credit: Bo Goldman; Lawrence Hauben) | |
Lyrics | I say we're living on love they say we're living in sin (Living In Sin; performing artist: Bon Jovi) And I soon grew up to realise what living in the doghouse means (Legend In My Living Room; performing artist: Len) But you're living on instinct (Wall Street Shuffle; performing artist: 10CC) And I am happy now living without you (The Sign; performing artist: Ace Of Base) I recommend walking around naked in your living room (You Learn; performing artist: Alanis Morissette) | |
Clever | Pity is for living, envy is for dead. (references; author: Mark Twain) Living dead (references; author: unknown) A giving church is a living church. (references; author: unknown) Praying is hard; living without it is harder. (references; author: unknown) Despite the high cost of living, it remains popular. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | House of the Living Dead (1973) Crypt of the Living Dead (1973) The Blues Is Alive and Well and Living in Chicago (1970) Time for Living (1969) Night of the Living Dead (1968) | |
Song Titles | Living Inside Myself (performing artist: Gino Vannelli) Living It Up (performing artist: Ja Rule featuring Case) Living In America (performing artist: James Brown) Living In The Country (performing artist: Leo Kottke) LIVING YEARS (performing artist: Mike & The Mechanics ) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
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Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
This is Gordon Isaacs, the first patient treated with the linear accelerator (radiation therapy) for retinoblastoma in 1957. Gordon's right eye was removed January 11, 1957 because the cancer had spread. His left eye, however, had only a localized tumor that prompted Henry Kaplan to try to treat it with the electron beam. Gordon is now living in the east bay, and his vision in the left eye is normal. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. | A scientist is feeding living cells with media (red liquid) under a laminar flow hood. The old solution of cells and media are centrifuged with the cells remaining on the bottom. The old media is then removed and the new media is added. The laminar flow hood insures a sterile environment to prevent contamination of the cells. Credit: John Crawford (photographer). | ||
The compound microscope on the right is used to identify mounted specimens, while the stereoscopic microscope, along with chemicals on the left is used to observe living larvae captured from the field. Credit: CDC. | Note the herpetic lesions on the palmar surface of the left ring finger. Living in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord, under stressful conditions, the herpes viruses migrate along the pathways of peripheral nerve distribution. Credit: CDC. | ||
![]() | "Living in a Box" by Rainer Wonisch. Use the arrow keys to rotate the box to see what's inside. | ![]() | Living in a railroad box-car left on the siding Ford Kurtz - member of early level crew. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
![]() | An "O" camp wanigan - observer's living space while at station Heating very inefficient - top bunks at 100 degrees Bottom bunk at 0 degrees. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. | ![]() | Hallway in the South Pole Station living quarters. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |
![]() | High seas fisheries: Ocean pelagic resources living near the surface are exploit ed by purse seiners and surface long-liners . Top: Italian purse seiner fishing in the central Adriatic. Middle: Bluefin tuna caught in the South Tyrrh enian by a purse seiner. Bottom:Distant-water surface longliner operating in the Mediterranean. Credit: Fisheries. | ![]() | Demersal Fisheries: Species living near the bottom are exploited by trawlers. Top: Landings from trawlers in the market of Mazara del Vallo (Sicily), Italy. Bottom: Spanish trawler in the northwestern Mediterranean. Credit: Fisheries. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Unborn Living Treasure - Pregn" by Jake Campbell Commentary: "One life that will not be unjustifiably ended for selfish reasons. One life that has a chance and a choice. One life that will live." | "Sunset In Living Room 4" by Jasper Zeinstra Commentary: "Sunset in holland with beautifull shadows on the courtans." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Auguste Comte | The dead govern the living. |
Author Unknown | Making a life comes before making a living. |
Guillaume | Living from hand to mouth. |
John Milton | To live a life half dead, a living death. |
Marshall Fishwick | The uncommitted life isn't worth living. |
Nikita S. Khrushchev | The living will envy the dead. |
Pollok | Living jewels, dropped unstained from heaven. |
Socrates | An unexamined life is not worth living. |
St. Joannes Chrysostomus | The drunken man is a living corpse. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Men living together according to reason, without a common superior on earth, with authority to judge between them, is properly the state of nature. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | In bourgeois society, living labour is but a means to increase accumulated labour. (reference) |
Abraham Lincoln | 1863 | The brave men, living and dead who struggled here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. (The Gettysburg Address) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | Whereas the League of Nations has for its object the establishment of universal peace, and such a peace can be established only if it is based upon social justice; And whereas conditions of labour exist involving such injustice, hardship, and privation to large numbers of people as to produce unrest so great that the peace and harmony of the world are imperilled; and an improvement of those conditions is urgently required: as, for example, by the regulation of the hours of work, including the establishment of a maximum working day and week, the regulation of the labour supply, the prevention of unemployment, the provision of an adequate living wage, the protection of the worker against sickness, disease and injury arising out of his employment, the protection of children, young persons and women, provision for old age and injury, protection of the interests of workers when employed in countries other than their own recognition of the principle of freedom of association, the organisation of vocational and technical education and other measures; Whereas also the failure of any nation to adopt humane conditions of labour is an obstacle in the way of other nations which desire to improve the conditions in their own countries; The HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES, moved by sentiments of justice and humanity as well as by the desire to secure the permanent peace of the world, agree to the following: CHAPTER l. (reference) |
United Nations | 1948 | Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | If this is living in the country, it is nothing very formidable |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | This image, so nearly identical with the living Pearl, seemed to communicate somewhat of its own shadowy and intangible quality to the child herself |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Their manners comported with all sorts of involuntary refinements which were the ancient regime itself, buried, but living. |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | He knelt before the altar with his classmates, holding the altar cloth with them over a living rail of hands |
Time Enough for Love | Robert Heinlein | A woman is not property, and husbands who think otherwise are living in a dreamworld |
King Richard III | Shakespeare, William | But, teLL me is young George Stanley living. |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | The heat goes out of it like the living heat that leaves a corpse |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | By all which acquirements, I should be a living treasury of knowledge and wisdom, and certainly become the oracle of the nation |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | One may almost doubt if the wisest man has learned anything of absolute value by living. |
Sonnets | William Shakespeare | How would, I say, mine eyes be blessed made by looking on thee in the living day, when in dead night thy fair imperfect shade through heavy sleep on sightless eyes doth stay |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Ezzat S. Living with acromegaly. (references) | |
Bacteria are tiny living organisms. (references) | ||
Gluten-Free Living (a bimonthly newsletter)P. (references) | ||
Business | They have become an increasing annoyance to residents living nearby. (references) | |
Manufacturers should target new collections at groups, living styles or themes. (references) | ||
The number of Greek people living more comfortable middle class lives rose quickly. (references) | ||
Children | Indonesia | Nevertheless, many citizens with disabilities citizens beg for a living. (references) |
Indonesia | Of the 1,600 street children living in Yogyakarta, about 25 percent are girls. (references) | |
Sweden | Government assistance also includes services such as home care or group living. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Afghanistan | PVSV officials stated that taking pictures of living things was forbidden. (references) |
Somalia | The refugees were living in an open yard at the Hamar school at year's end. (references) | |
Mauritania | There is a population of approximately 300 Sierra Leoneans living in Nouakchott. (references) | |
Discrimination | Cyprus | While each community generally respects such laws, significant problems remained concerning the treatment of the Greek Cypriots and Maronites living in the north and, to a lesser extent, with the treatment of Turkish Cypriots living in the government-controlled area. (references) |
Economic History | Bangladesh | Most Bangladeshis earn their living from agriculture. (references) |
Portugal | There also are about 16,000 Americans living in Portugal. (references) | |
Human Rights | Lithuania | Their living conditions were described as inhuman and degrading. (references) |
Papua New Guinea | Prison guards' living conditions are as poor as those of the prisoners. (references) | |
Bangladesh | The 11 others, living outside of the country, were convicted in absentia. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Bangladesh | Although indigenous Khasis have been living on these lands for generations, the Government does not recognize their claims of ownership. (references) |
Indonesia | At year's end, the Moronene still were living in Hukaea-Laeya village, but they feared further destruction of their settlements since the Government has not changed its position that they must leave. (references) | |
Dominica | Until 1979 the Carib Constitution allowed Carib men married to non-Carib women to continue living on the Carib reserve but dictated that Carib women married to non-Carib men had to move off the reservation. (references) | |
Minorities | India | The rest still are displaced, but many are living in Jammu and New Delhi. (references) |
Cyprus | UNFICYP access to Greek Cypriots and Maronites living in the north remained limited. (references) | |
Slovak Republic | Among Roma living in settlements in the east, the unemployment rate is nearly 100 percent. (references) | |
Political Economy | Greece | Residents enjoy a high standard of living. (references) |
Turkmenistan | Anecdotal evidence indicates the standard of living is not high. (references) | |
Macau | Most citizens still enjoy a comparatively high standard of living. (references) | |
Political Rights | Japan | In 1998 the Diet granted citizens living overseas the right to vote for candidates in national elections in races based on proportional representation. (references) |
Angola | The Electoral Law also calls for the election of three additional deputies to represent citizens living abroad; however, those positions were not filled in the 1992 elections. (references) | |
Cyprus | Similarly Greek Cypriots and Maronites living in the north are barred by law from participating in Turkish Cypriot elections; they are eligible to vote in Greek Cypriot elections but must travel to the south to exercise that right. (references) | |
Trade | Korea | Korean residents living offshore longer than two years can purchase foreign real estate without any limit. (references) |
China | The World Bank's purpose is to help borrowers reduce poverty and improve living standards through sustainable growth and investment. (references) | |
Nepal | Approval is also required to draw, accept or negotiate any bills of exchange, promissory notes or loans, if the payee is a person living outside of Nepal. (references) | |
Travel | Denmark | Denmark has a high standard of living. (references) |
Georgia | Living conditions are improving but generally below American standards. (references) | |
Australia | Serviced apartment/hotels, with kitchens and living rooms, are available. (references) | |
Women | Canada | Living (wholly or partially) on the earnings of prostitution of others is illegal. (references) |
Singapore | Public solicitation, living on the earnings of a prostitute, and maintaining a brothel are illegal. (references) | |
Micronesia | Unmarried women sometimes are considered to have invited such violence by living or traveling alone. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Brunei | Living and working conditions for these persons generally are poor. (references) |
Syria | These wages do not provide a decent standard of living for a worker and family. (references) | |
East Timor | UNTAET can not provide for a decent standard of living for a worker and family. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | FEMALE, n. One of the opposing, or unfair, sex. The Maker, at Creation's birth, With living things had stocked the earth. From elephants to bats and snails, They all were good, for all were males. But when the Devil came and saw He said: "By Thine eternal law Of growth, maturity, decay, These all must quickly pass away And leave untenanted the earth Unless Thou dost establish birth" -- Then tucked his head beneath his wing To laugh -- he had no sleeve -- the thing With deviltry did so accord, That he'd suggested to the Lord. The Master pondered this advice, Then shook and threw the fateful dice Wherewith all matters here below Are ordered, and observed the throw; Then bent His head in awful state, Confirming the decree of Fate. From every part of earth anew The conscious dust consenting flew, While rivers from their courses rolled To make it plastic for the mould. Enough collected (but no more, For niggard Nature hoards her store) He kneaded it to flexible clay, While Nick unseen threw some away. And then the various forms He cast, Gross organs first and finer last; No one at once evolved, but all By even touches grew and small Degrees advanced, till, shade by shade, To match all living things He'd made Females, complete in all their parts Except (His clay gave out) the hearts. "No matter," Satan cried; "with speed I'll fetch the very hearts they need" -- So flew away and soon brought back The number needed, in a sack. That night earth range with sounds of strife -- Ten million males each had a wife; That night sweet Peace her pinions spread O'er Hell -- ten million devils dead! G.J. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Art Linkletter | Oh, this is coming into my living room and this is the kind of stuff that we used to associate with guys with the coats going into the theaters and watching the porno pictures. |
Dennis Miller | Now because of technology we can go through the entire day without ever talking to a single living person. |
Gloria Allred | It's really hard for her, to, to have the live in the same neighborhood that the house exists as Mr. Westerfield was living in. |
Karl Lagerfeld | Several things. First, don't forget Germany after the war was not the most exciting place. I didn't even know that one could make a living in fashion. |
Lynda Carter | They're both still living. But I have to say that I think my father is one of my best friends. He is just an inspiration, as is my mother. |
Martha Stewart | We publish about three or four books a year, not just my own, but Martha Stewart's Living Books. They are really useful books. As the magazine is useful, the books are just as useful. |
Peter Jennings | This is about catching a moment when just one of the men suggested that if he were a Palestinian living under occupation, he might do what the bomber did. Listen. |
Rush Limbaugh | The liberals are living a lie. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | To ascertain in all cases whether the original claimant is living and this by actual personal inspection. |
Abraham Lincoln | 1861-1865 | The brave men, living and dead who struggled here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. |
Calvin Coolidge | 1923-1929 | Conditions must be provided under which people can make a living and work out of their difficulties. |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | Further adjustments to compensate for increased living costs are required. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | But it is not our military might, or our higher standard of living, that has most distinguished us from our adversaries. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | If we succeed, generations to come will say of us now living that we mastered our moment, that we helped make the world safe for mankind. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | Increasing health costs are of deep concern to all and a powerful force pushing up the cost of living. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Trevor, yours is the living spirit of brotherly love. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Americans living longer than ever must save more than ever. |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | As productivity rises, so do wages, and our standard of living. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Living" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 56.30% of the time. "Living" is used about 9,962 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 56.3% | 5,609 | 1,757 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 38.41% | 3,827 | 2,551 |
| Noun (singular) | 5.18% | 516 | 11,767 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.1% | 10 | 111,207 |
| Total | 100.00% | 9,962 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "living" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Living | Last name | 100 | 81,940 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "living". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Yeva | N/A | Armenian | Living |
| Eve | N/A | Biblical | Living |
| Zenas | N/A | Biblical | Living |
| Eva | N/A | Czech | Living |
| Eva | N/A | Dutch | Living |
| Ava | N/A | English | Living |
| Eva | N/A | English | Living |
| Evie | N/A | English | Living |
| Eva | N/A | German | Living |
| Éva | N/A | Hungarian | Living |
| Évike | N/A | Hungarian | Living |
| Éabha | N/A | Irish | Living |
| Eva | N/A | Italian | Living |
| Chava | N/A | Jewish | Living |
| Hava | N/A | Jewish | Living |
| Ewa | N/A | Polish | Living |
| Eva | N/A | Portuguese | Living |
| Eva | N/A | Russian | Living |
| Eva | N/A | Scandinavian | Living |
| Eva | N/A | Spanish | Living |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Japan | Japan Living Service Co., Ltd. | USA | ARV Assisted Living, Inc. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "living": a bare living ♦ Activities of Daily Living ♦ any man living ♦ art of living ♦ bare living ♦ be in the land of the living ♦ church living ♦ cost of living ♦ cost of living adjustment ♦ cost of living allowance ♦ cost of living bonus ♦ cost of living index ♦ daughter living at home ♦ earn a bare living ♦ earn a living ♦ earn an honest living ♦ earn one's living ♦ earn one's living by ♦ eke out a living ♦ eke out one's living ♦ free living ♦ furnish the living room ♦ gain one's living ♦ get a living ♦ get one's living ♦ good living ♦ gracious living ♦ high cost of living ♦ high living ♦ index of prices for cost of living ♦ level of living ♦ living accommodations ♦ living alone ♦ living arrangement ♦ living at home ♦ living being ♦ living beings ♦ living condition ♦ living conditions ♦ living creature ♦ living creatures ♦ living death ♦ living dictionary ♦ Living Donors ♦ Living Energy Training ♦ Living Foods Lifestyle ♦ Living force ♦ living fuel ♦ Living gale ♦ living granite ♦ Living Health program ♦ living in the air ♦ living in tranquility ♦ living index ♦ living language ♦ living on smb.'s own ♦ living person ♦ Living picture ♦ Living pledge ♦ living probate ♦ living quarter ♦ living quarters ♦ living rock ♦ living room ♦ living space ♦ living spirit ♦ living standard ♦ living standards ♦ living stone ♦ living substance ♦ living thing ♦ living things ♦ living together ♦ living trust ♦ living unit ♦ living wage ♦ Living Whole ♦ living will ♦ Living Wills ♦ Living Yoga Training ♦ loose living ♦ luxurious living ♦ make a living ♦ make a living by ♦ make living ♦ master in the art of living ♦ pick up a living ♦ pick up a living by ♦ riotous living ♦ root for a living ♦ scramble for a living ♦ scrape a living ♦ she washes for a living ♦ standard of living ♦ style of living ♦ the cost of living ♦ the costs of living ♦ the living ♦ the living and the dead ♦ the living dead ♦ toil for a living. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "living": living-but-dead, living-chamber, living-come-dining, living-conditions, living-cum-bedroom, living-cum-dining, living-dining, living-dining-room, living-flame, living-in, living-kitchen, living-out, living-quarters, living-room, living-rooms, living-space, living-spaces, living-through, living-together, living-with-it. | |
Ending with "living": bottom-living, cost-of-living, ground-living, group-living, land-living, non-living, re-living, water-living. | |
Containing "living": cost-of-living allowance, cost-of-living benefit, cost-of-living index, cost-of-living-adjustment. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "living"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | sitkamer (living room, living-room, sitting room, sitting-room). (various references) | |
Albanian | shumë i ngjashëm, rrojtje, jetese (kitchen sink), jetesë (alive, livelihood, subsistence), interesant (curiously, entertaining, enthralling, good looking, interesting, interestingly, juicy, nutty, picturesque, sapid), i gjallë (above ground, alive, animate, animated, breathing, brisk, buckish, buoyant, busy, canty, colorful, colourful, crude, dapper, dashing, dynamic, elastic, erect, fresh, frisky, glowing, graphic, graphical, green, humming, intense, jocund, keen, larky, live, lively, mercurial, nimble, noisy, perky, pert, picturesque, playful, poignant, quick, raw, red blooded, saucy, skittish, smart, snappy, spirited, sprightly, spry, uncooked, vital, vivacious, vivid). (various references) | |
Arabic | فعال (active, businesslike, dynamic, effective, effectual, efficacious, efficient, energetic, forceful, forcible, functional, operative, potent, reliable, trenchant, valid, virtuous), فائدة (advantage, avail, behoof, benefit, good, increase, interest, pay off, pay-book, profit, scoop, use, usefulness, usury, utility, welfare, worth), مفعم بالحياة (dashing, lively, racy, spirited), وظيفة كاهن, حي (active, alive, animate, animated, block, district, existent, graphic, graphical, lifelike, live, lively, neighborhood, neighbourhood, nod, part, pictorial, picturesque, quarter, reanimate, recall, regenerate, section, vivid, ward), الحياة (life, lifetime), السكن (mansion). (various references) | |
Asturian | salón (living room). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | съществуващ (actual, being, existent, existing, extant, ongoing), средства за препитание, непрекъсващ (straight), начин на живот (mode of life, scheme of life, tenor, way, way of life), на живот, за живеене, живеещ, живеене (habitation, residence), жив (above ground, active, agile, alert, alive, animate, breezy, brisk, cheerful, dashing, high-colored, high-coloured, jaunty, jazz, jazzy, live, lively, lusty, mercurial, mobile, nervous, nimble, organic, peppy, perky, pert, picturesque, pregnant, quick, racy, rattling, round, saucy, sharp, skittish, snappy, spicy, spirited, sprightly, spry, swinging, vital, vivacious, vivid, volatile, warm, whippy, zappy, zippy), естествен (artless, honorary, ingenuous, innate, matter of course, native, natural, simple, spontaneous, unceremonious, uncoined, unpretending, unschooled, unsophisticated, unstarched, unstrained, untaught, untutored), бенефиций, първичен (aboriginal, elemental, live, original, primary, prime, primordial, pristine, protogenic, rudimental), прехрана (keep, livelihood, nourishment, subsistence, sustenance), постоянно течащ, издръжка (alimentation, benefit, dependence, keep, maintenance, support, sustentation). (various references) | |
Cebuano | sala (living room). (various references) | |
Chamorro | sala (hallway, living room). (various references) | |
Chinese | 活 (alive, to live, work, workmanship), 居住 (Dwell, Dwelled, Dwelt, inhabit, inhabited, Inhabiting, Lived, Occupancy, reside, Resided, residency, Residing). (various references) | |
Czech | živobytí (keep, livelihood, subsistence, sustenance), živý (active, airy, alive, animated, bright, brisk, chirpy, clear, exhilarating, gay, heated, high-spirited, lifelike, live, lively, mercurial, perky, pleasant, quick, racy, sprightly, vivacious, vivid), žijící. (various references) | |
Danish | leveomkostninger (cost of living, living costs), lønindeksering (COLA, cost of living adjustment, cost-of-living-adjustment), levende jorddaekke (living soil cover, vegetal cover), leveomkostningsindeks (cost of living index, index of prices for cost of living, living index), leveomkostningsindex (cost of living index, index of prices for cost of living, living index), levestandard (level of living, living standard, standard of living), levende brændstof (living fuel), enlig (living alone, single), jordsplantedaekke (living soil cover, vegetal cover), jords vegetationsdaekke (living soil cover, vegetal cover), infektion (infection), indeksreguleret løn (COLA, cost of living adjustment, cost-of-living-adjustment), herigennem at sikre landbrugbefolkningen en rimelig levestandard (thus to ensure a fair standard of living for the agricultural community), friske celler (living cells), farlige i henhold til dette direktiv er følgende stoffer og præparater::ætsende:stoffer og præparater,som i berøring med levende væv kan bevirke en ødelæggelse af disse (destroy them, on contact with living tissues, the following are dangerous within the meaning of this Directive::corrosive substances and preparations:substances and preparations which may), trykkammer (living chamber), dyrtidstillæg (cost of living allowance, cost of living contribution, dearness allowance), dykkerklokke (caisson, diving bell, living chamber, mobile caisson), den virkning, som den ioniserende straaling har paa ligevaegten mellem arter, som lever paa et og samme sted kan man betegne som den biocoenotiske effekt (the effect which ionizing radiations have on the equilibrium between species living in one and the same place may be termed the biocoenotic effect), dagligstue (living-room, sitting-room), brikse med skuffer til sengetoej til belaegningsstuer (living room divan with bedding box), bolig (abode, accommodation, dwelling, residence), bidrage til fremme af beskaeftigelsen og til hoejnelse af levestandarden i medlemsstaterne (to contribute to the growth of employment and a rising standard of living in the Member States), forbedring både af livskvaliteten og af levestandarden (improvement of the quality of life as well as of the standard of living), må ikke opbevares i nærheden af beboelse (keep away from living quarters), S4 (keep away from living quarters), papirløst samliv (companionate marriage, living together of unmarried couple), opretholdelsen af en ligevaegt saavel mellem de levende organismer indbyrdes som mellem disse organismer og det abiotiske miljoe (maintaining equilibrium both amongst living organisms themselves and between these organisms and the abiotic environment), opholdsudgifter (living expenses, subsistence expenses), opholdsstue (living room, sitting room), oekologi er den videnskab, som beskaeftiger sig med studiet af vekselvirkningen mellem de levende organismer og deres miljoe (the study of interrelationships of living organisms with their environment constitutes the science of ecology), Konvention om fiskeri og bevaring af de levende rigdomskilder i Østersøen og Bælterne (Convention on Fishing and Conservation of the Living Resources in the Baltic Sea and the Belts), Konventionen om fiskeri og bevaring af de levende rigdomskilder i Østersøen og Bælterne (Convention of Fishing and Conservation of the Living Resources in the Baltic Sea and the Belts, Gdansk Convention), spontanaborteret levende embryo (spontaneously aborted living embryo), stue (living-room, sitting-room), tilfredsstillende leveforhold,herunder isaer boligforhold (especially housing conditions, satisfactory living conditions), udvidelse (expansion), beboelsesvogn (boarding car, caravan, living van, workman's sleeping coach), samboer (person living together), nettoboligarealet er defineret som:arealet af de udfoerte daek med fradrag af de arealer,som optages af mure,skillevaegge,trappeloeb,trappeskakte,kanaler og doere-og vinduesaabninger (door and windowsopenings, ducts, the living space to be taken into consideration is defined as follows:the area of the constructed floor minus that taken up by the main walls, the partitions, the width of the stair treads and the stairwell). (various references) | |
Dutch | zitkamer (living-room, sitting-room), woonkamer (living room, living-room, sitting-room), huiskamer (living room, living-room, sitting-room). (various references) | |
Esperanto | loĝoĉambro (living room, living-room, sitting room, sitting-room), familia ĉambro (living room). (various references) | |
Faeroese | stova (cabinet, chamber, living room, room). (various references) | |
Finnish | toimeentulo (livelihood, subsistence), ilmielävä (in the flesh, life-like), elossa oleva, elollinen (organic), elatus (livelihood, maintenance, subsistence, sustenance), elanto (livelihood), elävä (animated, live, lively, vivid), eläminen. (various references) | |
French | vivants, vivant (live, lively), vie (life, lifetime), habitation (live), en vie, efficace, croûte (livelihood), bénéfice. (various references) | |
Frisian | wenkeamer (living room, living-room, sitting-room), húskeamer (living-room, sitting-room). (various references) | |
German | lebensunterhalt (cost of living, livelihood, means of subsistence, subsistence), lebend (alive, animate, live), Lebensweise (mode of life, modus vivendi, way of life), lebendig (alive, bubbly, exuberant, fervent, live, livelily, lively, spirited, spiritedly, vital, vivid). (various references) | |
Greek | έμβιοσ, έμψυχος (animate), προσ το ζήν (livelihood), που ζει, ζωντανόσ (alive, live, vivid), ζωντανός (alive, animated, fresh, live, vivid), ζων (alive, live, liver), ζωή (being, life, spirit). (various references) | |
Hebrew | חי (active, alive, animate, live, quick). (various references) | |
Hungarian | eleven (alive, animated, beany, bobbish, brisk, cheerful, kinetic, live, lively, mercurial, mettlesome, peart, perky, picturesque, racy of the soil, rattling, smart, sprightly, spruce, to be full of beans, to feel one's oats, vivacious, vivid), életmód (conduct, lifestyle, mode of life, modus vivendi, port, rate of living, style of living, way of life). (various references) | |
Icelandic | einstæður (living alone, single). (various references) | |
Indonesian | mata pencaharian (livelyhood). (various references) | |
Inuktitut | pulaaqvik (living room). (various references) | |
Italian | vivo (alive, bright, deep, lifelike, live, lively, living person, quick, racy, raw, sharp, soul). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 衣食 (food and clothing, livelihood), 現存 (existing, extant, Real Presence), 生計 (livelihood), 生活 (life one's daily existence), 生活 (life, livelihood), 生息 (inhabiting), 在世 (being alive), リビア山猫 (liberation, libido, Libyan wildcat, lift, liftback, living kitchen, living room, living room set, living stock, makeover, rebate, reboot, reference, reference guide, referencer, refinance, refine, reflation, reflect, reflection, reflective, reform instructor, reform plan, refrain, refresh, refreshment, repeat, repeater, replace, replicate, replication, reply, repression, reprint, reproduction, revision, rib, rib roast, rift, ripple, rivet, updating), 暮らし (circumstances, livelihood, subsistence), 棲息 (inhabitting), 栖息 (inhabitting), 住 (dwelling). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | リビング , ざいせい (being alive, economy, financial affairs), くらし (circumstances, livelihood, subsistence), せいそく (correct, formal, inhabiting, inhabitting, normal, proper, regular, systematic), せいかつ (life, livelihood, secant), せいけい (cast, direct descent, legitimate line, livelihood, mold, orthopedics, plastic surgery, politics and economics, press, west longitude), いしょく (different color, engrafting, entrusting, food and clothing, implantation, livelihood, novelty, porting, transplanting, unique), げんぞん (existing, extant, Real Presence), げんそん (decrease, existing, extant, great-great-grandchild, real existence, Real Presence), じゅう (10, dwelling, ten, thing, utensil). (various references) | |
Korean | 사 (four). (various references) | |
Macedonian | dnevna soba (living room). (various references) | |
Manx | mayrnagh (survivor), er mayrn (existence, remaining, surviving, undestroyed). (various references) | |
Mohawk | tsi kanonhsiyo (living room). (various references) | |
Norwegian | livsførsel, levende, levebrød (livelihood). (various references) | |
Papiamen | sala (living-room, lounge, parlour, salon, salt, sitting-room), hadrei (living-room, sitting-room). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ivinglay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | vivo (above-ground, active, acute, adroit, agile, alert, alive, argute, bobbish, bouncing, brainy, breezy, bright, brisk, buoyant, chirpy, clear-sighted, clinking, coltish, cork, corky, crisp, dapper, diagram, fervent, frisky, gaudy, gay, graphic, graphical, hasty, hurry, intense, juicy, keen, kittenish, knowing, light, lightsome, live, lively, luminous, lusty, mercurial, mettled, mettlesome, nimble, nippy, parky, perky, pert, picturesque, poignant, quick, racy, rattling, resilient, shrewd, smart, spanking, speaking, spirited, sprightly, spry, stirring, subtil, subtile, subtle, swift, swift-handed, vivacious, vivid, volatile, warm, watchful, zippy), vida (alacrity, enthusiasm, existence, life, life-span, pulse, raciness, subsistence, vitality, vivacity, world), sustento (diet, feed, food, keep, keeping, livelihood, maintenance, nourishment, nurture, pabulum, subsistence, support, sustenance), subsistência (maintenance, persistence, subsistence), modo de vida (career, lifestyle), existente (alive, being, existent, existing, extant, prevailing), existência (existence, life, subsistence), contemporâneo (coeval, contemporaneous, contemporary, present-day), benefício eclesiástico (benefice), ativo (abuzz, acting, active, adroit, aggressive, agile, alive, astir, brisk, busy, deedful, efficient, energetic, havings, industrious, light, live, lively, nippy, operative, pushful, quick, rangy, rustler, smart, spry, stirring, strenuous, vivacious, vivid), animador (animator, cheering, impeller, livener, rousing). (various references) | |
Provencal | sala d'estar (living room). (various references) | |
Romanian | locuinţã (abode, accommodations, apartment, digging, dwelling, home, homestead, house, housing, inhabitation, Lodge, lodging, lodgment, place, residence, rooms, tenement, whereabouts), luminos (bright, brilliant, candent, cheerful, clear, glorious, glowing, happy, light, lightsome, lucent, lucid, luminous, serene), activ (acting, active, actively, afoot, aggressive, agile, alive, assets, bouncing, brisk, busy, dapper, diligent, dynamic, efficient, energetic, fierce, go ahead, industrious, operative, pragmatic, quick, regular, spry), aidoma (alike), aprins (ablaze, aflame, aglow, alight, ardent, blazing, bright, brilliant, burning, eager, fervent, fiery, glowing, hasty, heated, hot, hot-blooded, hothead, kindled, live, lurid, mercurial, passionate, peppery, perfervid, sharp, sudden, vehement, violent, vivid), domiciliu (abode, domicile, dwelling place, home, house, inhabitation, residence, residency), energic (a live wire, active, alive, brisk, buoyant, dapper, drastic, dynamic, emphatic, energetic, energetically, forcible, full of beans, humming, iron, keen, lively, managing, mightily, peppy, peremptory, pushful, pushing, sharp, snappy, stout, stoutly, strenuous, strong, strong-minded, trenchant, virile), în viaţã (above ground, alive, live), harnic (active, busily, busy, diligent, diligently, hard working, hardworking, industrious, industriously, light footed, operose, sedulous, spry, toilsome), viu (alive, animate, animated, breathing, bright, eager, eternal, forcible, fresh, glowing, green, high, hot stuff, intense, intensely, live, lively, natural, never-fading, poignant, rapid, rich, smart, sprightly, strong, vivid, vividly), mod de viaţã (manner, school), sãlãşluire (dwelling, sojourn), trai (existence, life, livelihood, subsistence), viaţã (alacrity, animation, being, biography, career, cheerfulness, day, existence, life, pepper, reality, spirit, sprightliness, vitality), vioi (active, alert, animated, breezy, bright, brisk, briskly, cheery, chirpy, crisp, full of beans, gamy, hasty, hoity toity, lightsome, lithe, live, lively, mercurial, merry, mettlesome, nimble, nimbly, pleasant, quick-witted, racy, Randy, ready, smart, snappy, spirited, sportive, sprightly, spry, vigorous, volatile), existenţã (availability, being, existence, life, presence, reality, subsistence). (various references) | |
Russian | средства к существованию (livelihood, means of subsistence, subsistence, sustenance), очень похожий (life-like, much like), образ жизни (life, lifestyle, mode of life, pattern of life, way of life, way of living), жить....средство к существованию/ живой, живой (alive, animate, bouncy, boyish, breathing, breezy, brisk, cheery, chipper, chirp, chirpy, crisp, dashing, hands-on, high-colored, high-coloured, jazzy, jocund, live, lively, lusty, nimble, oomph, peppy, poignant, quick, rip-roaring, roaring, scintillating, skittish, snappy, sparky, spirited, sprightly, spry, vital, vivacious, vivid, zippy), жилой (residential). (various references) | |
Samoan | potu nofonofo (living room). (various references) | |
Scottish | deaghad, beò (alive, nm. living creature). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | život (being, life, lifetime, subsistence), živ (alive, hoof: on the hoof, live, quick, rousing, vivid). (various references) | |
Sicilian | salottu (living room). (various references) | |
Spanish | viviente (alive, animate, denizen, dweller, lively). (various references) | |
Swedish | uppehälle (bread, keep, livelihood, subsistence, sustenance), levebröd (keep, livelihood), levande (alive, animate, lifelike, live, on the hoof, quick, vivid). (various references) | |
Thai | กำลังคุ (ถ่าน), การครองชีพ, การดำรงชีวิต, ที่มีสภาพตามธรรมชาติ, กลุ่มคนที่มีชีวิต, งอกงาม, รูปแบบชีวิต, มีชีวิตอยู่ (live). (various references) | |
Turkish | yaşayan (alive, animate, in the flesh, live, lived, quick, vital), yaşama, yaşam (experience, life, lifetime, Vita), sağ (alive, Dexter, offside, right, right hand, right wing), papazlık makamı (chaplaincy), oturma (fit, habitation, inhabitation, occupancy, occupation, residence, sitting, stay, staying), hayat (existence, experience, heart's-blood, life, race, Vita), geçim (bread, bread and butter, getting along, keep, livelihood, subsistence, sustentation, upkeep), güncel (actual, live, newsworthy, timely, topical, up to date), canlı (active, alive, animate, animated, beany, breezy, bright, brightly, brisk, bustling, colorful, colourful, Corky, crisp, crispy, dashing, dewy, driving, exhilarated, expressive, exuberant, feeling, fresh, full of beans, full of life, gay, genially, ginger, gingery, glowing, go-go, graphic, graphical, hearty, humming, in the flesh, inspired, life, live, lively, living being, living creature, lusty, mercurial, mettled, mettlesome, peppy, perky, picturesque, quick, racy, rich, rousing, sappy, saturated, smart, snappy, spirited, sprightly, springy, swinging, vibrant, vital, vivacious, vivid, warm, with it, zippy). (various references) | |
Turkmen | яaюaяyю (life). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | існуючий (alive, existent, going, in being, in existence), спосіб життя (goings on, lifestyle, ongoing), харчування (aliment, alimentation, alimony, feed, feeding, food, meal, nourishment, nurture, nutriment, nutrition, sustenance, sustentation), засоби для існування (sustenance), жвавий (active, agile, airy, alert, alive, alive and kicking, animated, breezy, brisk, canty, chirpy, crisp, dashing, exhilarated, gleg, jaunty, live, mobile, nimble, peppy, perky, slippy, sprightly, vivid, whisky, youthful, zippy), живий (above ground, alive, animate, live, lively, on the hoof, vegetal, vivacious), дуже схожий. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sống (alive, crude, live, lively, unbaked), hoa lợi sự ăn uống sang trong xa hoa, giống như hệt đang cháy, cuộc sống sinh hoạt cách sinh nhai, củi (firewood, firing), đang tồn tại; sinh động giống lắm, đang sống. (various references) | |
Welsh | bywoliaeth, bywiol (animate), byw (alive, animate, life, live, quick). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | animale, animales, animalia, animalibus, animalis, animalium, animantem, animantia, animantibus, animantium, campestri, campestris, sacerdoti, sacerdotii, sacerdotio, sacerdotioque, sacerdotium, victui, victum, victus, viva, vivae, vivam, vivas, vive, vivi, vivis, vivo, vivorum, vivos, vivum, vivus. (various references) |
| Avestan | 200-600 | hâitîm, hañt, haitîm, jîvyãm, juyô, jvô, jvañtem. (various references) |
| Old French | 900-1400 | vegetable. (various references) |
| Middle English | 1100-1500 | quyk. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Genesis Chapter 26, Verse 6 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai katwkhsen isaak en geraroiV |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Mansit itaque Isaac in Geraris |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And so Ysaac dwelte in Gerarys. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And Isaac dwelled in Gerar. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And Isaac dwelt in Gerar: |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And Isaac dwelt in Gerar: |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | So Isaac went on living in Gerar; |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Genesis Chapter 26, Verse 6 |
| Cebuano | Busa, mipuyo si Isaac sa Gerar. |
| Croatian | Tako Izak ostane u Geraru. |
| Danish | Så blev Isak boende i Gerar. |
| Dutch | Alzo woonde Izak te Gerar. |
| Finnish | Niin Iisak asettui Gerariin. |
| French | Et Isaac resta à Guérar. |
| German | Also wohnte Isaak zu Gerar. |
| Haitian Creole | ¶ Se konsa Izarak rete kote yo rele Gera a. |
| Hungarian | Lakozék azért Izsák Gérárban. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Jadi tinggallah Ishak di Gerar. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Hata, maka Ishakpun duduklah di Gerar. |
| Korean | 이 삭 이 그 랄 에 거 하 였 더 니 |
| Maori | ¶ Na ka noho a Ihaka i Kerara: |
| Norwegian | Så blev Isak boende i Gerar. |
| Portuguese | Assim habitou Isaque em Gerar. |
| Rumanian | Astfel Isaac a rqmas la Gherar. |
| Swedish | Så stannade Isak kvar i Gerar. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "living": livingly, livingness, livingnesses, livings. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "living": misliving, nonliving, outliving, overliving, reliving, unliving. (additional references) | |
| |
"Living" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: iving, Kinvig, Lavengro, lavin, Lavina, Levinger, levinz, levyng, licin, Licino, lieing, Liping, Liqing, livan, livent, livi, livigno, livin, livng, Livno, Lixin, lovind, luvian, luvin, luving, Luvunga, lving, lyvyng, viling, viving. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "living" (pronounced li"ving) |
| 5 | l i" v i ng | reliving. |
| 4 | -i" v i ng | forgiving, giving, misgiving, sieving, thanksgiving, unforgiving. |
| 3 | -v i ng | approving, absolving, achieving, arriving, behaving, believing, braving, calving, caregiving, carving, caving, conceiving, conniving, conserving, craving, curving, deceiving, delving, depriving, deriving, deserving, disapproving, disbelieving, dissolving, diving, driving, earthmoving, engraving, evolving, grieving, halving, having, heaving, improving, interleaving, interweaving, involving, jiving, leaving, lifesaving, loving, misbehaving, moving, observing, paving, perceiving, preserving, proving, raving, receiving, relieving, removing, reserving, resolving, retrieving, reviving, revolving, revving, saving, serving, shaving, shelving, shoving, skydiving, solving, starving, staving, striving, surviving, thieving, thriving, unbelieving, undeserving, unnerving, unswerving, waiving, waving, weaving. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "g-i-i-l-n-v" | |
-1 letter: vigil. | |
-2 letters: ling. | |
-3 letters: gin, lin, nil, vig. | |
-4 letters: in, li. | |
| Words containing the letters "g-i-i-l-n-v" | |
+1 letter: livings, vailing, veiling, vialing. | |
+2 letters: anviling, availing, caviling, deviling, gingival, inveigle, livening, livingly, reliving, reviling, rivaling, unliving, veilings, vialling, vigilant, virginal, vittling. | |
+3 letters: anvilling, believing, cavilling, devilling, divulging, driveling, evildoing, frivoling, genitival, inveigled, inveigler, inveigles, involving, lavishing, misliving, nonliving, outliving, relieving, rivalling, silvering, slivering, sniveling, swiveling, unveiling, vigilance, vigilante, vilifying, violating, virginals. | |
+4 letters: almsgiving, bedeviling, bloviating, civilising, civilizing, delivering, dissolving, disvaluing, drivelling, eluviating, enlivening, evildoings, frivolling, invaliding, inveiglers, inveigling, invigilate, invitingly, involuting, javelining, levigating, levigation, levitating, lifesaving, livingness, misvaluing, novelising, novelizing, overliving, prevailing, reavailing, rivetingly, salivating, shriveling, snivelling, swivelling, televising, thrivingly, travailing, unavailing, unveilings, validating, valorising, valorizing, velarizing, victualing, vigilances, vigilantes, vigilantly, virginally, vitalising, vitalizing, vitrioling, vocalising, vocalizing, vowelizing. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Historic 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Quotations: Spoken 14. Quotations: Speeches 15. Usage Frequency 16. Names: Frequency | 17. Names: Derived from 18. Names: Company Usage 19. Expressions 20. Expressions: Internet | 21. Translations: Modern 22. Translations: Ancient 23. Bible Trace 24. Derivations | 25. Rhymes 26. Anagrams 27. Bibliography |
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