Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Libration |
LibrationNoun1. A real or apparent slow oscillation of a moon or satellite; "the libration of the moon". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "libration" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1865. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Aerospace | A real or apparent oscillatory motion, particularly the apparent oscillation of the moon.Because of libration more than half of the moon's surface is revealed to an observer on the earth even through the same side of the moon is always toward the earth, because the moon's periods of rotation and revolution are the same. Other motions regarded as librations are long period orbital motions and periodic perturbation in orbital elements. (references) |
Geography | Periodic oscillation about a mean position as, for example, caused by perturbations. Source: European Union. (references) |
Space | A periodic back-and-forthswing of the elongated axis of the Moon, across the Moon-Earth line. It resembles the swings of two-pan scales (in Latin, "Libra") around their points of equilibrium. Because of libration, the Moon shows Earth (now and then) areas beyond the 50% of the surface facing Earth. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Although the Moon's rotation on its axis is synchronously locked with its revolution about the Earth, these librations permit a terrestrial observer to see slightly differing halves of the Moon's surface at different times. This means that a total of 59% of the Moon's surface can be observed from the Earth.
There are three types of libration. Libration in latitude is a consequence of the Moon's axis of rotation being slightly inclined to the normal to the plane of its orbit about the Earth. Its origin is analogous to way in which the seasons arise from Earth's revolution about the sun. Libration in longitude is a consequence of the Moon's orbit about the Earth being somewhat eccentric, so that the Moon's rotation sometimes leads and sometimes lags its orbital position. Finally, there is a small effect called diurnal libration. This is a consequence of the rotation of the Earth. This carries an observer first to one side and then to the other of the straight line joining the Earth's center to the Moon's center so allowing the observer to look first around one side of the Moon and then around the other.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Libration."
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Evolution | Noun: oscillation; vibration, libration; motion of a pendulum; nutation; undulation; pulsation; pulse. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Libration |
| English words defined with "libration": Evection ♦ Libration of the moon, Libration point. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "Libration" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Libration" is used about 3 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 3 | 202,518 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "libration": Libration of the moon ♦ Libration point. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
libration | 15 |
libration moon | 4 |
journal libration | 3 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "libration"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | libration. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | libratie. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | parallaktinen libraatio (parallactic libration). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | libration. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Libration. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | λίκνιση. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | ibrationlay libração. (various references) libración. (various references) libration. (various references) хитання (stagger, staggering, totter, vacillation, wabble, wobble), балансування (balancing). (various references) tình trạng lúc lắc, tình trạng bập bềnh, tình trạng đu đưa. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "libration": librational, librations. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "libration": calibration, disequilibration, equilibration, intercalibration, recalibration. (additional references) | |
Words containing "libration": calibrations, disequilibrations, equilibrations, intercalibrations, recalibrations. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "libration" (pronounced lībrā"shun) |
| 7 | -ī b r ā" sh u n | vibration. |
| 6 | -b r ā" sh u n | calibration, celebration. |
| 5 | -r ā" sh u n | administration, arbitration, castration, concentration, conflagration, consecration, dehydration, demonstration, desecration, disintegration, duration, emigration, filtration, frustration, gyration, hydration, illustration, immigration, infiltration, integration, migration, ministration, narration, nitration, oration, orchestration, penetration, proration, prostration, registration, rehydration, sequestration. |
| 4 | -ā" sh u n | abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abomination, abrogation, acceleration, acclimation, accommodation, accreditation, accumulation, accusation, acidification, activation, adaptation, adjudication, admiration, adoration, adulation, advocation, affectation, affiliation, affirmation, agglomeration, aggravation, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, amalgamation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, anticipation, antidiscrimination, appellation, application, appreciation, approbation, appropriation, approximation, argumentation, articulation, aspiration, assassination, assimilation, association, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, bifurcation, calculation, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, carnation, categorization, causation, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, coagulation, codification, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, communication, communization, compensation, compilation, complication, computation, computerization, concatenation, conciliation, condemnation, condensation, confabulation, confederation, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, connotation, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, consultation, consummation, contamination, contemplation, continuation, conversation, convocation, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, creation, cremation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, decertification, declaration, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, defamation, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demoralization, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depopulation, deportation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, deprivation, deregulation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, desegregation, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, dictation, differentiation, dilatation, dilation, discoloration, discontinuation, discrimination, disembarkation, disinclination, disinflation, disinformation, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, disqualification, dissemination, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, distillation, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, echolocation, edification, education, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, electrification, elevation, elimination, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emulation, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, expropriation, extermination, extrapolation, fabrication, facilitation, falsification, fascination, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fragmentation, fumigation, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentrification, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hibernation, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, identification, illumination, imagination, imitation, immunization, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, impregnation, improvisation, imputation, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, inflammation, inflation, information, inhabitation, inhalation, initiation, innovation, inoculation, insemination, insinuation, inspiration, installation, instigation, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, intensification, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, inundation, invalidation, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, justification, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, ligation, limitation, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, malformation, manifestation, manipulation, marginalization, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, mineralization, miniaturization, misallocation, misapplication, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, miscreation, misidentification, misinformation, misinterpretation, misrepresentation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, motivation, multiplication, mummification, mutation, mutilation, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nomination, nondiscrimination, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, obligation, observation, occupation, operation, optimization, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overpopulation, overregulation, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, pasteurization, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pontification, popularization, population, precipitation, predestination, prefabrication, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, presentation, preservation, pressurization, privation, privatization, probation, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, prognostication, proliferation, pronunciation, propagation, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, rationalization, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, recertification, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, regulation, rehabilitation, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinterpretation, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, replication, representation, repudiation, reputation, reregulation, reservation, resignation, respiration, restoration, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanitation, saponification, saturation, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, segmentation, segregation, sensation, separation, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subsidization, substantiation, suburbanization, suffocation, summation, superstation, syndication, tabulation, taxation, telecommunication, temptation, termination, titillation, toleration, transformation, transillumination, translation, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, ventilation, verification, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abduction, abolition, abortion, absolution, absorption, abstraction, academician, accession, accretion, acquisition, action, addiction, addition, admission, admonition, adoption, advection, affection, affliction, aggression, alliteration, alternation, ambition, ammunition, antiabortion, anticorruption, apparition, apportion, apprehension, ascension, ashen, assertion, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, attrition, auction, audition, beautician, benediction, brutalization, caption, carburetion, caution, circulation, circumspection, clinician, coalition, coercion, cognition, collection, commission, commotion, compassion, competition, completion, complexion, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, conception, conceptualization, concession, concoction, concussion, condescension, condition, conduction, confection, confession, conjunction, connection, conniption, conscription, constitution, constriction, construction, consumption, contention, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, contrition, convection, convention, conviction, convolution, convulsion, correction, corruption, counterrevolution, crucifixion, cushion, deception, decimation, decommission, decomposition, decompression, deconstruction, deduction, defection, definition, deletion, demolition, demotion, dentition, depiction, depletion, deposition, depression, dereliction, description, desertion, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, devolution, devotion, diction, dietitian, diffraction, digression, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, disconnection, discretion, discussion, disinfection, disposition, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissension, dissolution, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, dysfunction, edition, egyptian, ejection, election, electrician, electrocution, elocution, emission, emotion, emulsion, encryption, erection, erudition, eruption, eviction, evolution, exaction, exception, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exhibition, expansion, expedition, exposition, expression, expulsion, extension, extinction, extortion, extraction, extradition, faction, fashion, fiction, fission, flexion, formalization, fraction, freshen, friction, fruition, function, gentian, geriatrician, gumption, hessian, homogenization, hypertension, hypotension, ignition, impassion, imperfection, imposition, impression, inaction, inception, incineration, indiscretion, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infliction, infraction, inhibition, injection, injunction, inquisition, inscription, insertion, inspection, institution, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intermission, interruption, intersection, introduction, introspection, intuition, invention, junction, jurisdiction, juxtaposition, lilliputian, liposuction, liquefaction, locomotion, logician, lotion, magician, malfunction, malnutrition, mansion, martian, mathematician, mention, midsection, misapprehension, misconception, misimpression, misperception, mission, mortician, motion, munition, musician, nonaggression, nonfiction, nonprescription, notion, nutrition, objection, obsession, obstetrician, obstruction, ocean, omission, opposition, oppression, optician, option, overconsumption, overexpansion, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, oversimplification, partition, passion, patrician, pediatrician, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, permission, persecution, petition, physician, politician, pollution, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, preconception, precondition, prediction, predilection, predisposition, preelection, preemption, preignition, premonition, prescription, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, procession, production, profession, progression, prohibition, projection, promotion, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, protection, ration, reaction, reassertion, reception, recession, recognition, recollection, recondition, reconstruction, redefinition, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reflection, regression, reimposition, reinspection, reintegration, reintroduction, reinvention, rejection, remission, rendition, repercussion, repetition, reposition, repossession, repression, reproduction, requisition, resolution, restitution, restriction, resumption, resurrection, retention, retraction, retransmission, retribution, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, sanction, satisfaction, secession, secretion, section, sedition, seduction, selection, session, solution, statistician, submission, subscription, subsection, substation, substitution, subtraction, succession, suction, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, tactician, technician, tension, theoretician, titian, traction, tradition, transaction, transcription, transection, transgression, transition, transmission, tuition, venetian, volition, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-b-i-i-l-n-o-r-t" | |
-1 letter: libation. | |
-2 letters: orbital, taborin. | |
-3 letters: albino, aroint, bailor, biotin, bonita, latino, nitril, obtain, ration, ratlin, rialto, tailor, talion, tibial, tribal, trinal. | |
-4 letters: aboil, abort, aioli, alibi, aloin, bairn, baron, baton, biali, binal, binit, biont, biota, blain, blini, bloat, boart, bolar, boral, brail, brain, brant, broil, intro, labor, libra, libri, lirot, litai, lobar, loran, nitro. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-b-i-i-l-n-o-r-t" | |
+1 letter: liberation, librations. | |
+2 letters: calibration, libationary, liberations, librational, lubrication, prelibation, tribulation, vibrational. | |
+3 letters: abolitionary, binocularity, calibrations, deliberation, fibrillation, honorability, interorbital, lubrications, obliterating, obliteration, prelibations, strobilation, tribulations. | |
+4 letters: abnormalities, antibillboard, antimicrobial, arbitrational, attributional, bidirectional, brutalization, combinatorial, deliberations, equilibration, fibrillations, inexorability, liberationist, obliterations, reasonability, recalibration, relubrication, republication, strobilations, unworkability, verbalization, vibrationless. | |
+5 letters: antimicrobials, binocularities, bioregionalist, bipolarization, bowdlerization, brutalizations, confirmability, defibrillation, distributional, enforceability, equilibrations, honorabilities, intolerability, liberalization, liberationists, postliberation, prepublication, rationalizable, recalibrations, rehabilitation, relubrications, remobilization, republications, subnormalities, verbalizations. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)4C 69 62 72 61 74 69 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
|
| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
|
| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
|
| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
|
Morse Code (1836) (references).-.. .. -... .-. .- - .. --- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
|
Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001100 01101001 01100010 01110010 01100001 01110100 01101001 01101111 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)L i b r a t i o n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)004C 0069 0062 0072 0061 0074 0069 006F 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
|
Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)467568846786758180 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Commercial 4. Usage Frequency | 5. Expressions 6. Expressions: Internet 7. Translations: Modern 8. Derivations | 9. Rhymes 10. Anagrams 11. Orthography 12. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
