Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Lacquer |
LacquerNoun1. A black resinous substance obtained from certain trees and used as a natural varnish. 2. A hard glossy coating. Verb1. Coat with lacquer; "A lacquered box from China". 2. Coat with lacquer; as of wooden objects. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "lacquer" was first used: 1673. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Chemical Industry | Liquid preparation for protecting or decorating surfaces. Source: European Union. (references) |
Chemical Industry | Coating originally obtained from natural sources, but now applying equally to those based on synthetic materials. The essential criterion of a lacquer lies in the volatilisation of the solvent leaving a though residual film. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Urushiol-based lacquers
The earliest known lacquers were made in Japan, China and India, perhaps as many as 7,000 years ago. These lacquers, made from urushiol, the sap of the lacquer tree or varnish tree, produce very hard, durable finishes that are both beautiful, and very resistant to damage by water, acid or abrasion. They do not, however, stand up well to ultraviolet light. Urushiol-based lacquers differ from most other lacquers in that they are slow-drying, and dry by oxidation rather than evaporation. Lacquer skills became very highly developed in India and Asia, and many highly decorated pieces were produced.Japanning
Imitations of Asian and Indian lacquer work became popular in England, France, the Netherlands, and Spain in the 17th century. The European technique, which is used on furniture and other objects, uses varnishes that have a resin base similar to shellac. The technique, which became known as japanning, involves applying several coats of varnish which are each heat-dried and polished.Nitrocellulose lacquers
Quick-drying solvent-based lacquers that contain nitrocellulose, a natural resin obtained from cotton, were developed in the early 1920s, and extensively used in the automobile industry for 30 years. These lacquers are also used on musical instruments and other objects. The hardened finish dissolves in the solvent, and each coat of lacquer dissolves some of the previous coat. These lacquers were a huge improvement over earlier automobile finishes, both in ease of application, and in color retention. The preferred method of applying quick-drying lacquers is by spraying, and the development of nitrocellulose lacquers led to the first extensive use of spray guns. Nitrocellulose lacquers produce a very hard yet flexible, durable finish that can be polished to a high sheen. Drawback of these lacquers include the hazardous nature of the solvent, which is flammable, volatile and toxic, and the hazards of nitrocellulose, which is also used to make explosives.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Lacquer."
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Covering | Coat, paint, varnish, pay, incrust, stucco, dab, plaster, tar; wash; besmear, bedaub; anoint, do over; gild, plate, japan, lacquer, lacker, enamel, whitewash; parget; lay it on thick. |
Ornament | Smarten, furbish, polish, gild, varnish, whitewash, enamel, japan, lacquer, paint, grain. |
Garnish, polish, varnish, French polish, veneer, japanning, lacquer. | |
Resin | Noun: resin, rosin; gum; lac, sealing wax; amber, ambergris; bitumen, pitch, tar; asphalt, asphaltum; camphor; varnish, copal, mastic, magilp, lacquer, japan. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | The most promising products for this sector are the machinery used in the production processes, such as cutters, wood polishers, painters, iron fittings, different types of screws, paint, lacquer, and abrassives. (references) | |
Economic History | Sri Lanka | Among vegetables, pickles were the main export with close to $2 million worth of exports in 2000. In addition to the processing of cashew nuts, the shell is used as a raw material for producing such items such as alcohol, brake lining, lacquer, paints and anti bacterial products. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Lacquer" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.28% of the time. "Lacquer" is used about 139 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.28% | 138 | 27,024 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 0.72% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 139 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "lacquer": acid catalist lacquer ♦ acid catalysed lacquer ♦ acid catalyzed lacquer ♦ Chinese lacquer ♦ chinese lacquer tree ♦ clear lacquer ♦ hair lacquer ♦ Japan lacquer ♦ japanese lacquer tree ♦ lacquer tree ♦ natural lacquer. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "lacquer": lacquer-mounted, lacquer-sprayed, lacquer-work. | |
Ending with "lacquer": master-lacquer. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
lacquer | 83 |
furniture lacquer | 29 |
penlac nail lacquer | 21 |
lacquer box | 21 |
lacquer paint | 20 |
black lacquer | 16 |
opi nail lacquer | 16 |
japanese lacquer | 14 |
lacquer thinner | 13 |
nitrocellulose lacquer | 13 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "lacquer"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | lyej me vernik (lacker), llakoj (lacker, shellac, varnish), llak (enamel, lacker, varnish), vernik (dope, enamel, lacker, varnish), artikuj të llakuar (lacker). (various references) | |
Arabic | ورنيش (varnish), طلى بورنيش, صقل (buff, buffer, burn, burnish, cultivate, enamel, furbish, gloss, glossiness, grind, perfect, planish, plume, polish, refine, rumble, scour, shine, sleek, smooth, stone), اللك دهان. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | японски лак, лакирам (polish, varnish), лак за коса, лак (lacker, polish, varnish), полирам с лак (varnish), изделия от лак. (various references) | |
Chinese | 亮漆, 漆 (paint). (various references) | |
Czech | lak (paint, varnish). (various references) | |
Danish | fernis (varnish). (various references) | |
Dutch | lakken (apply lacquer, apply varnish, enamel, painting, varnish), verlakken (take in, varnish), lak (lac). (various references) | |
Esperanto | lako, laki (varnish). (various references) | |
Faeroese | lakk. (various references) | |
Farsi | لاک والکل زدن , لاک والکل , رنگ لاکی . (various references) | |
Finnish | lakka (cloudberry, salmonberry, sealing-wax, varnish, yellow berry), lakata (apply lacquer, apply varnish, cease, enamel, leave off, seal, stop, varnish). (various references) | |
French | laque (lac, lake), laquer (apply lacquer). (various references) | |
German | Lack (clear lacquer, enamel varnish, lack, lakh, paint, paint work, polish, varnish), lackieren (apply lacquer, apply varnish, enamel, paint, painting, spray, varnish). (various references) | |
Greek | βερνίκι (dope, dye, lacker, polish 1, varish, varnish). (various references) | |
Hebrew | לכ" (shellac, varnish), ששר (cinnabar, vermilion). (various references) | |
Hungarian | zománc (enamel, glaze, lacker, lacquering), politúr (lacker, varnish), lakk (dope, enamel, lacker, lake, varnish), fénymáz (lacker, varnish). (various references) | |
Indonesian | lak (sealing wax), pernis (varnish). (various references) | |
Italian | vernice (dye, enamel, enamel varnish, glaze, gloss, Matt, paint, patent leather, polish, varnish). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 漆 (varnish). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ラッカー , うるし (varnish). (various references) | |
Korean | 래커. (various references) | |
Manx | lacyr, cur lacyr er. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | acquerlay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | laca (enamel, lac, lacker, lake), verniz (coat, glaze, glossiness, lake poets, polish, varnish). (various references) | |
Romanian | lac (flood, lake, Loch, Lough, mere, pond, varnish), lãcui (varnish), articole de lac. (various references) | |
Russian | лакировать (dope, lacker), лак (dope, lacker, nail polish, patent leather, varnish). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | lakirati (varnish), lak (cyclecar, easy, facile, go easy, lac, lacker, lakh, light, light weight, lightweight, soft, varnish). (various references) | |
Spanish | laca (hairspray, lac, lacker, lake, varnish). (various references) | |
Swedish | lackera (apply lacquer, apply varnish, enamel, varnish), lack (lack, lakh, patent leather, sealing wax, sealing-wax, varnish), fernissa (dope, varnish, veneer). (various references) | |
Thai | เคลือบเงา, น้ำมันขั"เงา, งานไม้ที่ทา"้วยน้ำมันเคลือบเงา. (various references) | |
Turkish | lake kaplamak, lake eşya, lake (paint refresher), verniklemek (dope, Japan, varnish, varnish over), vernik (dope, Japan, polisher, varnish), saç spreyi, oje. (various references) | |
Turkmen | laklamak. (various references) | |
Ukranian | лакувати (dope, lacker, varnish), лак (lacker, oil varnish, varnish), політура (lacker, polish). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sơn đ" gỗ sơn tranh sơn m i sơn m i (lacker). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| French | 1500-Modern | lacre. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "lacquer": lacquered, lacquerer, lacquerers, lacquering, lacquers, lacquerware, lacquerwares, lacquerwork, lacquerworks. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "lacquer": relacquer. (additional references) | |
Words containing "lacquer": relacquered, relacquering, relacquers. (additional references) | |
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"Lacquer" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: lacguer, lacker, lacquar, lacque, laque, Laquer, licqeur, licquer, licquor, liquer, Pacque, sacque. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "lacquer" (pronounced la"ker) |
| 4 | l a" k er | blacker, slacker. |
| 3 | -a" k er | attacker, backer, cracker, hacker, makar, packer, racker, Stacker, tacker, tracker. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: claquer. | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-e-l-q-r-u" | |
-1 letter: calque, claque. | |
-2 letters: carle, clear, cruel, equal, lacer, lucre, quale, quare, ulcer, ureal. | |
-3 letters: acre, alec, care, carl, caul, clue, cure, curl, earl, ecru, lace, lear, luce, lure, race, rale, real, rule, urea. | |
-4 letters: ace, ale, arc, are, car, cel, cue, cur, ear, eau, ecu, era, lac, lar, lea, leu, qua, rec, rue. | |
-5 letters: ae, al, ar, el, er, la, re. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-e-l-q-r-u" | |
+1 letter: claquers, claqueur, lacquers. | |
+2 letters: claqueurs, lacquered, lacquerer, relacquer. | |
+3 letters: acquirable, lacquerers, lacquering, relacquers. | |
+4 letters: aquaculture, aquiculture, equicaloric, lacquerware, lacquerwork, quacksalver, racquetball, relacquered. | |
+5 letters: aquacultures, aquicultures, lacquerwares, lacquerworks, quacksalvers, quadriplegic, racquetballs, relacquering. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)4C 61 63 71 75 65 72 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).-.. .- -.-. --.- ..- . .-. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001100 01100001 01100011 01110001 01110101 01100101 01110010 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)L a c q u e r |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)004C 0061 0063 0071 0075 0065 0072 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)46676983877184 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Commercial 4. Images: Slideshow | 5. Quotations: Non-fiction 6. Usage Frequency 7. Expressions 8. Expressions: Internet | 9. Translations: Modern 10. Translations: Ancient 11. Derivations 12. Rhymes | 13. Anagrams 14. Orthography 15. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
