Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

L

Definition: L

L

Adjective

1. Being ten more than forty.

Noun

1. A metric unit of capacity equal to the volume of 1 kilogram of pure water at 4 degrees centigrade and 760 mm of mercury (or approximately 1.76 pints).

2. The cardinal number that is the product of ten and five.

3. A cgs unit of illumination equal to the brightness of a perfectly diffusing surface that emits or reflects one lumen per square centimeter.

4. The 12th letter of the Roman alphabet.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "l" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references)

Note: L \L\ ([e^]l), noun. 1. An extension at right angles to the length of a main building, giving to the ground plan a form resembling the letter L; sometimes less properly applied to a narrower, or lower, extension in the direction of the length of the main bui. (references)

 

Specialty Definition: L

DomainDefinition

Literature

L
L This letter represents an ox-goad, and is called in Hebrew lamed (an oxgoad).
L for fifty is half C (centum, a hundred).
L for a pound sterling, is the Latin libra, a pound. With a line drawn above the letter, it stands for 50,000. Source: Brewer's Dictionary.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Specialty Definition: Aozora Bunko: L

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

See Aozora Bunko

Top     


Carolus Linnaeus

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Carolus Linnaeus (or Carl von Linné) (May 23, 1707 - January 10, 1778) was a Swedish scientist who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of taxonomy.

He was born at Stenbrohult, in the province of Smalandia in southern Sweden. As a boy Linnaeus was to be groomed for life as a churchman, as his father and maternal grandfather were, but he showed little enthusiasm for the profession. His interest in Botany, though, impressed a physician from his town and he was sent to study at Lund University, transferring to Uppsala University after one a year.

During this time Linnaeus became convinced that in the stamens and pistils of flowers lay the basis for the classification of plants, and he wrote a short work on the subject that earned him the position of adjunct professor. In 1732 the Academy of Sciences at Uppsala financed his expedition to explore Laplandia, then virtually unknown. The result of this was the Flora Laponica published in 1737.

Thereafter Linnaeus moved to the continent. While in the Netherlands he met Jan Frederik Gronovius and showed him a draft of his work on taxonomy, the Systema Naturae. In it, the unwieldy descriptions used previously - physalis amno ramosissime ramis angulosis glabris foliis dentoserratis - were replaced by the concise and now familiar genus-species names - Physalis angulata - and higher taxa were constructed in a simple and orderly manner. Although this system, binomial nomenclature, was developed by the Bauhin brothers, Linnaeus may be said to have popularized it.

Linnaeus named taxa in ways that personally struck him as common-sensical; for example, human beings are Homo sapiens "wise man", but he also described a second human species, Homo troglodytes (or Homo nocturnus - "cave-dwelling man" or "nocturnal man"), by which he seems to have meant the only-recently described chimpanzee). The group "mammalia" are named for their mammary glands because one of the defining characteristics of mammals is that they nurse their young. (Of all the features distinguishing the mammals from other animals, Linnaeus may have picked this one because of his views on the importance of natural motherhood. He also campaigned against the practice of wet-nursing, declaring that even aristocratic women should be proud to nurse their own children.)


Autograph of Carolus Linnaeus

In 1739 Linnaeus married Sara Morea, daughter of a physician. He ascended the chair of medicine at Uppsala two years later, soon exchanging it for the chair of Botany. He continued to work on his classifications, extending them to the kingdom of animals and the kingdom of minerals. The last strikes us as somewhat odd, but evolution was still a long time away - and indeed, the Lutheran Linnaeus would have been horrified by it - and so Linnaeus was only attempting a convenient way of categorizing the natural world. He was knighted in 1755, under his Swedish name, Carl von Linné.

See also

External links

Top     


Casualties of the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Any tributes to the individuals lost in this tragedy are welcome and encouraged at our memorial site. Some articles originally posted to wikipedia have been moved there - if you are looking for such an article, please check there.

See also Missing Persons, Foreign casualties, and Survivors.

Casualties

Planes - World Trade Center - Pentagon
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

As of October 29, 2003, 2,995 people were presumed dead as a result of all four September 11 attacks. This includes the casualties at the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, on the airplanes and the hijackers.

Planes

265 people killed on four planes; 232 passengers, 25 flight attendants, 8 pilots. (Note that this total includes the 19 hijackers, who reportedly boarded the planes as passengers.)

See also: Memorial wiki tributes to the occupants of each plane

World Trade Center

By October 29, 2003, 2605 people were listed as confirmed dead and 1058 bodies had been identified. (Note: this total does not include the 127 passengers and 20 crew on the two aircraft or the 10 hijackers).

The listing and memorial.

See also:

Missing Persons

The number of missing people grew to estimates as high as over 6000 in the months following the attack, but steadily declined as stories were checked and duplicate entries removed. (See Timeline of WTC missing).

As of August 2002, there were approximately 90 people who were officially missing; that is, their remains had not been identified and no family members had requested a death certificate.

Detailed listing.

Survivors

The great majority of the over 40,000 people working at the World Trade Center at the time of the attack evacuated safely, including 18 who escaped from above the impact zone in the second tower hit. By 9/20/2001 6291 people, including rescue and recovery workers, had been treated for injuries.

Detailed listing.

Pentagon

The Pentagon reports 125 staffers killed or missing, with 121 remains recovered and identified, as of Sept. 11, 2002. At least one person died later as a result of wounds incurred.

The listing and memorial.

Missing Persons

The Pentagon reports 4 staffers missing. One passenger on the airliner which hit the Pentagon was also never identified.

Detailed listing.

Survivors

88 treated at hospital.

Detailed entry.

Victim legends

Due to the very large number of World Trade Center casualties and missing persons, victim legends were a common form of September 11, Terrorist Attack urban legends. These were tales of victims who did not exist, spread by word-of-mouth and the Internet. Official sites, such as http://www.september11victims.com, contain accurate entries and are trusted content. Because Wikipedia, and many other websites allowed freely adding victims, there were no doubt many obvious fake entries. Fake victims added to these lists were often simply missing at the time of the attacks, or actually survivors of the attacks.

See also

September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack - Donations - Assistance - Memorials and Services

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Casualties of the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks."

Top     


Inductor

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

An inductor is a passive electrical component that produces a voltage proportional to the instantaneous change in current flowing through it:

V = L × dI/dt,

where V is the voltage generated, dI/dt is the rate of change of current, and L is a property of the device called inductance. The SI unit of inductance is the henry (H).

Thus an inductor resists changes in current. A pure inductor does not offer any resistance to direct current (an actual one does slightly), except when the current is switched on and off, then it makes the change more gradual.

When a sinusoidal alternating current flows through an inductor, a sinusoidal alternating voltage (or electromotive force, abbr. emf) is induced. The amplitude of the emf is related to the amplitude of the current and to the frequency of the sinusoid by the following equation.

V = I × ωL

where ω is the angular frequency of the sinusoid defined in terms of the frequency f as

ω = 2πf

The term ωL is known as inductive reactance, which is denoted by the symbol XL and is the positive imaginary component of impedance.

Construction

An inductor is usually constructed as a coil of conducting material, usually copper wire. A core of ferrous material is sometimes used.

This effect can be understood as follows: the current produces a magnetic field; a change in current gives a change of this magnetic field; a changing magnetic field causes an electromotive force in the conductor. An induction coil is closely related to electromagnets in structure, but used for a different purpose—to store energy in a magnetic field.

Smaller inductors used for very high frequencies are sometimes made with a wire passing through a ferrite cylinder or bead.

History

In 1885, William Stanley, Jr built the first practical induction coil based on Lucien Gaulard and Josiah Willard Gibbs' idea. It was the precursor of the modern transformer.

See also

Electricity, Electronics, Capacitor, Transformer

Synonyms

coil, induction coil, choke, reactor

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Inductor."

Top     


L

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet, L is derived ultimately from the Semitic Lamed which stood for the phonetic value /l/ as did the Greek letter Lambda Λ (upper case) or λ (lower case), as well as the equivalent Etruscan and Latin letters. In reference, it is spelled el or ell.

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z

Lima represents the letter L in the NATO phonetic alphabet.

In context, L is also:

See also: Ll, £

Two-letter combinations starting with L:

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "L."

Top     


Lagrangian point

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

In Lagrangian mechanics, a Lagrangian point (or Lagrange point, or simply L-point) is one of five positions in space where the gravitational fieldss of two bodies of substantial but differing mass combine to form a point at which a third body of negligible mass would be stationary relative to the two bodies. Bodies at the L-point will not move relative to the parent bodies if they are not perturbed by other gravitational forces. They are sometimes also referred to as libration points.

The five points are labelled and defined as follows:

L1

On the line defined by the two large masses, and between them.

Example: An object which orbits the Sun more closely than the Earth does would normally have a shorter orbital period than the Earth, but that ignores the effect of the Earth's own gravitational pull. If the object is directly between the Earth and the Sun, then the effect of the Earth's gravity is to weaken the force pulling the object towards the Sun, and therefore increase the orbital period of the object. The closer to Earth the object is, the greater this effect is. At a certain point, called the L1 point, the orbital period of the object becomes exactly equal to the Earth's orbital period. The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) ( http://sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov/ ), for example, is stationed in a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth L1 point.

L2

On the line defined by the two large masses, and beyond the smaller of the two.

Example: A similar effect occurs on the other side of the Earth, further away from the Sun, where the orbital period of an object would normally be greater than that of the Earth. The extra pull of the Earth's gravity decreases the orbital period of the object, and at the L2 point that orbital period becomes equal to the Earth's.

L3

On the line defined by the two large masses, and beyond the larger of the two.

Example: A third Lagrangian point, L3, exists on the opposite side of the Sun, a little further away from the Sun than the Earth is, where the combined pull of the Earth and Sun again causes the object to orbit with the same period as the Earth. When used with the Sun and the Earth as the two masses, the L3 point was a popular place to put an "Anti-Earth" in pulp science fiction and comic books.

L4

At the third point of an equilateral triangle with the base of the line defined by the two masses, such that the point is ahead of the smaller mass in its orbit around the larger mass.

L5

At the third point of an equilateral triangle with the base of the line defined by the two masses, such that the point is behind the smaller mass in its orbit around the larger mass.

Example: The L4 and L5 points lie 60 degrees ahead of and 60 degrees behind the Earth in its orbit around the Sun. Unlike the other Lagrangian points, these points are resistant to perturbation, and therefore objects tend to accumulate around these points.

The latter two types of Lagrange points are sometimes called triangular Lagrange points or Trojan points.

In practice the stability of Lagrange points is not real, as there are more than three bodies in the universe. Additional gravitational pulls from elsewhere cause objects to move away from the point. The first three Langrangian points are stable only in the plane perpendicular to the line between the two bodies. This can be seen most easily by considering the L1 point. A test mass displaced perpendicularly from the central line would feel a force pulling it back towards the equilibrium point. This is because the lateral components of the two masses' gravity would add to produce this force, whereas the components along the axis between them would balance out. On the other hand, if an object located at the L1 point drifted closer to one of the masses, the gravitational attraction it felt from that mass would be greater, and it would be pulled closer. (The pattern is very similar to that of tidal forces.)

However, in the particular case of the L4 and L5 points, Coriolis forces begin to act on an object moving away from the point, and bend the object's path into a stable, kidney bean-shaped (from the viewpoint of the smaller mass) orbit around the point. This arrangement is stable. In the Jupiter-Sun system several thousand asteroids, collectively referred to as Trojan asteroids, are in such orbits. Other bodies can be found in the Sun-Saturn, Sun-Mars, Jupiter-Jupiter Satellite, and Saturn-Saturn Satellite systems. There are no known large bodies in the Sun-Earth system's Trojan points, but clouds of dust surrounding the L4 and L5 points were discovered in the 1950s. Clouds of dust, fainter than the notoriously difficult gegenschein, are also present in the L4 and L5 of the Earth-Luna system.

The Earth's companion object 3753 Cruithne is in a somewhat Trojan-like orbit around the Earth, but not in the same manner as a true Trojan. It has a regular solar orbit that is bumped at times by Earth. When the asteroid approaches Earth, the asteroid takes orbital energy from Earth and moves into a larger, higher energy orbit. When the asteroid (in a larger and slower orbit) is caught up by Earth, Earth takes the energy back and so the asteroid falls into a smaller, faster orbit and eventually catches Earth to begin the cycle anew. Epimetheus and Janus, satellites of Saturn, have a similar relationship, though they are of similar masses and so actually exchange orbits periodically. Another similar configuration is known as orbital resonance, in which orbiting bodies tend to have periods of a simple integer ratio, due to their interaction.

The Saturnian moon Tethys has two smaller moons in its L4 and L5 points, Telesto and Calypso. The Saturnian moon Dione has the moon Helene in its L4 point.

External Links

Top     


LaTeX

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

See also latex, a form of rubber or plastic.

LaTeX is a document preparation system for the TeX typesetting program.

It offers programmable desktop publishing features and extensive facilities for automating most aspects of typesetting and DTP, especially numbering and cross-referencing, tables and figures, page layout, bibliographies, and much more. LaTeX was originally written in 1984 by Leslie Lamport and has become the dominant method for using TeX; few people write in plain TeX any more. The current version is LaTeX2ε.

(Historical note: LaTeX is pronounced LAY-tekh (SAMPA: ["leitEx]) or LAH-tekh ("latEx) where kh represents the sound of ch like in German ach or Scottish loch, and traditionally printed LATEX. TeX itself was written by Donald Knuth in 1978 and provided the world's first program to produce publishable quality typesetting that could be run from the desktop terminal of a normal business computer.)

LaTeX is based on the idea that authors should be able to concentrate on writing within the logical structure of their document, rather than spending their time on the details of formatting. It encourages the separation of formatting from content, whilst still allowing manual typesetting adjustments where needed. By keeping the formatting details in a separate file from the text, it is often regarded as much superior to word processors and most other desktop publishing systems.

These allow trivially easy visual layout changes, but intertwine content and form so tightly that consistency is often difficult, and automation of longer or more complex documents virtually impossible. LaTeX also provides great flexibility in formatting while maintaining the identity of structure, which purely structural systems like SGML and XML do not directly address. LaTeX can be arbitrarily extended by using the underlying macro language for developing custom formats.

LaTeX was originally most commonly used by mathematicians and scientists, amongst whom it remains the favored tool for writing papers, preprints, and books. Because of the underlying TeX system, originally developed for documents with mathematics, laying out mathematical expressions is considered to be easier, and the resulting typesetting of higher quality, than any competing document-processing systems. Many scientific journals and other publishers provide free LaTeX packages which implement their "in-house" typesetting styles. The Wiki markup for formulae uses the same system as LaTeX.

The popularity of LaTeX in the technical and academic communities is perhaps partly due to its early availability on Unix systems, and the comparative unavailability of competing word processors on those platforms until recently. But from an early stage LaTeX was available on a wider range of hardware and software than any other program, and versions are now available for almost any system from PDAss to desktop PCs to supercomputers. LaTeX is less popular than mainstream desktop publishing software outside the technical communities for several reasons. It is regarded as hard to learn for people with no previous experience of markup languages. Although it is very easy to customise the appearance of articles, books, and reports, using only a handful of instructions, it remains basically a typesetter for automating document production, not a manual page design program, so performing complex visual layouts incorporating multiple images is difficult. Another barrier to usage for many is the asynchronous interface used in most free versions, where editing is done in a different window to the typeset display. Several commercial implementations, however, use a synchronous typographic display like other DTP systems (as does LyX).

LaTeX is free software. It has a peculiar license called LPPL, not compatible with the GNU General Public License, that allows redistribution and modification, but requires that modified files carry a modified filename. This ensures that files that depend on other files will produce the expected behavior and avoids problems similar to DLL hell. A new version of the LPPL that will be compatible with the GPL is in the works. There are numerous commercial implementations of the whole TeX system (which includes LaTeX), and vendors may offer extra features like phone support and additional typefaces.

LyX is a visual document processor that uses LaTeX for a back-end. A number of popular commercial DTP systems use modified versions of the original TeX typesetting engine. The recent rise in popularity of XML systems and the demand for large-scale batch production of publication-quality typesetting from such sources has seen a steady increase in the use of LaTeX.

External links

Top     


Latex

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

See also LaTeX, a macro package for the TEX typesetting system.

Latex, as found in nature, is the milky sap of many plants that coagulates on exposure to air. It is a complex emulsion in which proteins, alkaloids, starches, sugars, oils, tannins, resins and gums are found. In most plants latex is white, but some have yellow, orange, or scarlet latex. Latex can also be made synthetically by polymerizing monomer that has been emulsified with surfactants.

The cells or vessels in which latex is found make up the laticiferous system, which forms in two very different ways. In many plants the laticiferous system is formed from rows of cells laid down in the meristem of the stem or root. The cell walls between these cells are dissolved so that continuous tubes, called latex vessels, are formed. This method of formation is found in the poppy family, in the rubber plant, and in the Cichorieae, a section of the Family Asteraceae distinguished by the presence of latex in its members. Dandelion, lettuce, hawkweed and salsify are members of the Cichorieae.

In the milkweed and spurge families, on the other hand, the laticiferous system is formed quite differently. Early in the development of the seedling latex cells differentiate, and as the plant grows these these latex cells grow into a branching system extending throughout the plant. In the mature plant, the entire laticiferous sytem is descended from a single cell or group of cells present in the embryo.

The laticiferous system is present in all parts of the mature plant, including roots, stems, leaves, and sometimes the fruits. It is particularly noticeable in the cortical tissues.

Latex has been attributed with many functions. Some regard it as a form of stored food, while others consider it an excretory product in which waste products of the plant are deposited. Still others believe it is primarily intended to protect the plant in case of injuries, drying to form a protective layer that prevents the entry of fungi and bacteria. Similarly, it may be a protection against browsing animals, since in some plants latex is very bitter or even poisonous. It may be that latex fulfils all of these functions to varying degrees in various different plant species.

Latex has many uses, but its first and foremost is rubber. Chicle, widely used as a base for chewing gum, is another latex product. Some paints (called latex paints) use latex as a binder. The latex used in these paints is typically made synthetically using emulsion polymerization. Finally, poppy latex is a source of opium and its many derivatives.

Some people are seriously allergic to latex, and exposure to latex or rubber products such as rubber gloves or condoms can cause anaphylactic shock.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Latex."

Top     


Latin

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Alternate meanings: See Latin (disambiguation)

Latin was the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. It gained great importance as the formal language of the Roman Empire.

All Romance languages descend from a Latin parent, and many words based on Latin are found in other modern languages such as English. Moreover, in the Western world, Latin was a lingua franca, the learned language for scientific and political affairs, for more than a thousand years, being eventually replaced by French in the 18th century and English in the late 19th. It remains the formal language of the Roman Catholic Church to this day, which includes being the official national language of the Vatican. It is also still used to furnish the names used in the scientific classification of living things.

Latin has an extensive flectional system, which mainly operates by appending strings to a fixed stem. Inflection of nouns and adjectives is termed "declension", that of verbs, "conjugation". There are five declensions of nouns, and four conjugations for verbs. The six noun forms (or "cases") are nominative (used for subjects), genitive (show possession), dative (indirect objects), accusative (direct objects, some prepositions), ablative (used with some prepositions), and vocative (used to address someone). In addition, there exists in some nouns a locative case used to express place (normally expressed by the ablative with a preposition such as IN), but this hold-over from Indo-European is only found in the names of lakes, cities, towns, similar locales, and a few other words.

Romance languages are not derived from Classical Latin but rather from Vulgar Latin. Latin and Romance differ (for example) in that Romance had distinctive stress whereas Latin had distinctive length of vowels. In Italian and Sardo logudorese, there is distinctive length of consonants and stress, in Spanish only distinctive stress, and in French even stress is no longer distinctive.

Another major distinction between Romance and Latin is that Romance languages, excluding Romanian, have lost their case endings in most words (some pronouns being exceptions). Romanian is still equipped with several cases (though some, notably the ablative, are no longer represented).

Latin and English

English grammar is not a direct derivative of Latin grammar. Attempts to make English grammar fit Latin rules -- such as the contrived prohibition against the split infinitive -- have not worked successfully in regular usage. However, as many as half the words in English come to us through Latin, including many words of Greek origin, not to mention the thousands of French, Spanish, and Italian words of Latin origin that have also enriched English.

See also

External links

 Please note that there is also a Latin Wikipedia

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Latin."

Top     


List of airports: L

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of airports: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

L

Top     


List of Biblical names starting with L

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of Biblical names
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - Y - Z

Top     


List of books by title: L

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of books in alphabetical order by title:

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Note: Titles that begin with L', La, Le, Las, Les, which means The, should be listed under the next word in the title. Very famous books and books for children (such as Les Miserables) may be listed both places to help people find them.

Top     


List of cities in Germany starting with L

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of cities in Germany: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

TownPopulationDistrictBundesland
Landau40,100--Rhineland-Palatinate
Landshut58,600--Bavaria
Lauenburg11,900LauenburgSchleswig-Holstein
Lautenbach10,719Rems-MurrBaden-Württemberg
Leer32,900LeerLower Saxony
Leipzig446,500--Saxony
Leverkusen162,300--North Rhine-Westphalia
Lübeck216,100--Schleswig-Holstein
Lüchow18,700Lüchow-DannenbergLower Saxony
Ludwigshafen166,200--Rhineland-Palatinate
Ludwigslust12,700LudwigslustMecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Lüdenscheid81,173Märkischer KreisNorth Rhine-Westphalia
Lüneburg65,100LüneburgLower Saxony

A "--" in the district column means, that the town is a district-free town, i.e. it is by itself a district.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of cities in Germany starting with L."

Top     


List of colleges and universities starting with L

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- Z
  1. La Cite Collegiale
  2. La Salle University
  3. La Sierra University
  4. La Trobe University
  5. LaGrange College
  6. LaSalle College Group
  7. Lafayette College
  8. Lahti Polytechnic
  9. Lajos Kossuth University of Arts and Sciences
  10. Lake Forest College
  11. Lake Superior College
  12. Lake Superior State University
  13. Lakehead University
  14. Lamar University
  15. Lambton College
  16. Lancaster University
  17. Landmark College
  18. Lane Community College
  19. Langston University
  20. Lanzhou University
  21. Lappeenranta University of Technology
  22. Laramie County Community College
  23. Las Positas Community College
  24. Laurentian University
  25. Laval University
  26. Lawrence University
  27. Le Moyne College
  28. LeTourneau University
  29. Lebanon Valley College
  30. Lee College (Baytown, Texas)
  31. Leeds Metropolitan University
  32. Leeward Community College
  33. Lehigh Carbon Community College
  34. Lehigh University
  35. Leiden University (Leiden, The Netherlands)
  36. Lenoir-Rhyne College
  37. Lethbridge Community College
  38. Lewis and Clark College
  39. Lewis and Clark Community College
  40. Lewis University
  41. Lewis-Clark State College
  42. Lewisham College
  43. Lexington Community College
  44. Liberal Arts Christian College, Lithuania
  45. Liberec University of Technology
  46. Libero Istituto Universitario Carlo Cattaneo
  47. Liberty University
  48. Liceu de Macau
  49. Lillehammer College
  50. Limburgs Universitair Centrum
  51. Limestone College
  52. Lincoln University
  53. Lincoln University of Pennsylvania
  54. Linfield College
  55. Lingnan University
  56. Linköping Institute of Technology
  57. Linköping University
  58. Liverpool John Moores University
  59. Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania
  60. Lodz Technical University
  61. Logan College of Chiropractic
  62. Loma Linda University
  63. London Business School
  64. London Guildhall University
  65. London School of Economics
  66. Long Island University
  67. Longview Community College
  68. Longwood College
  69. Longwood College
  70. Loras College
  71. Los Angeles Community Colleges
  72. Los Angeles Harbor College
  73. Los Rios Community College District
  74. Loughborough University of Technology
  75. Louisiana State University
  76. Louisiana State University Medical Center
  77. Louisiana State University, Shreveport
  78. Louisiana Tech University
  79. Lousiana College
  80. Loyola College
  81. Loyola Marymount University
  82. Loyola University, Chicago
  83. Loyola University, New Orleans
  84. Ludwig Maximilians Universitat, Munchen
  85. Lulea University of Technology
  86. Lund Institute of Technology
  87. Lund School of Economics and Management
  88. Lund University
  89. Luther College
  90. Lycee de Garcons Esch
  91. Lycoming College
  92. Lynchburg College
  93. Lynn University
  94. Lyon College

See also : Colleges and universities

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of colleges and universities starting with L."

Top     


List of people by name: L

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z La - Lb - Lc - Ld - Le - Lf - Lg - Lh - Li - Lj - Lk - Ll - Lm - Ln - Lo - Lp - Lq - Lr - Ls - Lt - Lu - Lv - Lw - Lx - Ly - Lz

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of people by name: L."

Top     


List of people by name: La

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z La - Lb - Lc - Ld - Le - Lf - Lg - Lh - Li - Lj - Lk - Ll - Lm - Ln - Lo - Lp - Lq - Lr - Ls - Lt - Lu - Lv - Lw - Lx - Ly - Lz

Top     


List of people by name: Le

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z La - Lb - Lc - Ld - Le - Lf - Lg - Lh - Li - Lj - Lk - Ll - Lm - Ln - Lo - Lp - Lq - Lr - Ls - Lt - Lu - Lv - Lw - Lx - Ly - Lz

Top     


List of people by name: Lh

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z La - Lb - Lc - Ld - Le - Lf - Lg - Lh - Li - Lj - Lk - Ll - Lm - Ln - Lo - Lp - Lq - Lr - Ls - Lt - Lu - Lv - Lw - Lx - Ly - Lz

Top     


List of people by name: Li

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z La - Lb - Lc - Ld - Le - Lf - Lg - Lh - Li - Lj - Lk - Ll - Lm - Ln - Lo - Lp - Lq - Lr - Ls - Lt - Lu - Lv - Lw - Lx - Ly - Lz

Top     


List of people by name: Ll

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z La - Lb - Lc - Ld - Le - Lf - Lg - Lh - Li - Lj - Lk - Ll - Lm - Ln - Lo - Lp - Lq - Lr - Ls - Lt - Lu - Lv - Lw - Lx - Ly - Lz

Top     


List of people by name: Lo

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z La - Lb - Lc - Ld - Le - Lf - Lg - Lh - Li - Lj - Lk - Ll - Lm - Ln - Lo - Lp - Lq - Lr - Ls - Lt - Lu - Lv - Lw - Lx - Ly - Lz

Top     


List of people by name: Lu

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z La - Lb - Lc - Ld - Le - Lf - Lg - Lh - Li - Lj - Lk - Ll - Lm - Ln - Lo - Lp - Lq - Lr - Ls - Lt - Lu - Lv - Lw - Lx - Ly - Lz

Top     


List of people by name: Ly

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z La - Lb - Lc - Ld - Le - Lf - Lg - Lh - Li - Lj - Lk - Ll - Lm - Ln - Lo - Lp - Lq - Lr - Ls - Lt - Lu - Lv - Lw - Lx - Ly - Lz

Top     


List of rare diseases starting with L

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

This list of rare diseases was originally taken from the NIH public domain resource at http://ord.aspensys.com/asp/diseases/diseases.asp .

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Top     


List of songs by name: L

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of songs by name: 0 - A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z
  1. "Lay All Your Love on Me" - ABBA
  2. "Learning to Fly" - Pink Floyd
  3. "Life is a Flower" - Ace of Base
  4. "Light of my Life" - Charlotte Nilsson
  5. "Like a Candle in the Wind" - Elton John
  6. "Limelight" - Moving Pictures by Rush
  7. "Lost for Words" - The Division Bell by Pink Floyd
  8. "Love is a Long Road" - Full Moon Fever by Tom Petty
  9. "Lucifer Sam" - Piper at the Gates of Dawn by Pink Floyd

    Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of songs by name: L."

Top     


Litre

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The litre (US liter) (symbol l or L) is a metric unit of volume. The symbol L was introduced in 1979 to avoid confusion with 1 and I. The litre is not an SI unit, but is "accepted for use with the International System" [2].

It is equal to:

There are 1,000 litres in a cubic metre. See 1 E-3 m³ for a comparison of volumes.

A kilogram of pure water at a temperature of 4 °Celsius and standard atmospheric pressure occupies approximately 1 litre of space.

In the past, this was used to define the kilogram, but not anymore, partially because the volume depends ever-so-slightly on the pressure, and pressure units include mass as a factor, introducing a circular dependency in the definition of the kilogram.

The litre is subdivided into smaller units by the application of SI prefixes, making 1 litre equivalent to:

Because the symbol l (lowercase L) can be confused with the digit 1, it is sometimes written in a lowercase script form. The Unicode glyph SCRIPT SMALL L (U+2113) (ℓ) can be used for this purpose.

History

In 1793 the litre was introduced in France as one of the new "Republican Measures", and defined as one cubic decimetre. Its name derived from an older French unit, the litron, whose name came from Greek via Latin.

In 1901, at the 3rd CGPM conference, the litre was redefined as the space occupied by 1 kg of pure water at the temperature of its maximum density (approx. 4 °C) under a pressure of 1 atm. This was supposed to be 1 dm3, but it was later discovered that the original measurement was off, at 1.000 028 dm3.

In 1964, at the 12th CGPM conference, the original definition of the litre was restored. It was recommended that the unit be used for commercial purposes but not for high-precision scientific work.

External Links

[1] Conversion Calculator for Units of VOLUME
[2] UK National Physical Laboratory's "Internationally Recognised non SI Units" page

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Litre."

Top     


Lp space

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

In functional analysis, the Lp spaces form an important class of examples of Banach spaces and topological vector spaces.

Definition

We start with a positive real number p and a measure space S and consider the set of all measurable functions from S to C (or R) whose absolute value to the p-th power has a finite Lebesgue integral. Identifying two such functions if they are equal almost everywhere, we obtain the set Lp(S). For f in Lp(S), we define

The space L∞(S), while related, is defined differently. We start with the set of all measurable functions from S to C (or R) which are bounded almost everywhere. By identifying two such functions if they are equal almost everywhere, we get the set L∞(S). For f in L∞(S), we set

Some useful special cases

If one chooses S to be the unit interval [0,1] with the Lebesgue measure, then the corresponding Lp space is denoted by Lp([0,1]). For p < ∞ it consists of all functions f : [0,1] → C (or R) so that |f|p has a finite integral, again with functions that are equal almost everywhere being identified. The space L∞([0,1]) consists of all measurable functions f : [0,1] → C (or R) such that |f| is bounded almost everywhere, with functions that are equal almost everywhere being identified. The spaces Lp(R) are defined similarly.

If S is the set of natural numbers, with the counting measure, then the corresponding Lp space is denoted by l p. For p < ∞ it consists of all sequences (an) of numbers such that ∑n |an|p is finite. The space l∞ is the set of all bounded sequences.

Further properties

If 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞, then the Minkowski inequality, proved using Hölder's inequality, establishes the triangle inequality in Lp(S). Using the convergence theorems for the Lebesgue integral, one can then show that Lp(S) is complete and hence a Banach space. (Here it is crucial that the Lebesgue integral is employed, and not the Riemann integral.)

The dual space (the space of all continuous linear functionals) of Lp for 1 < p < ∞ has a natural isomorphism with Lq where q is such that 1/p + 1/q = 1. Since this relationship is symmetric, Lp is reflexive for these values of p: the natural monomorphism from Lp to (Lp)** is onto, that is, it is an isomorphism of Banach spaces. If the measure on S is sigma-finite, then the dual of L1(S) is isomorphic to L∞(S).

If 0 < p < 1, then Lp can be defined as above, but it won't be a Banach space as the triangle inequality does not hold in general. However, we can still define a metric by setting d(f,g) = (||f-g||p)p. The resulting metric space is complete, and Lp for 0 < p < 1 is the prototypical example of an F-space that is not locally convex.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Lp space."

Top     


Lunch

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Lunch is a meal that is taken at noon or in the early afternoon. The term is short for "luncheon" (see below). Lunch is sometimes called "dinner" in Great Britain and parts of the United States and Canada.

Lunch food varies. In some places, very similar things are eaten at lunch as at dinner - a hot meal, sometimes with more than one course. In other places, lunch is actually the main meal of the day, supper being a smaller cold meal. However, since many people eat lunch while at work or school, this can be impractical; more appropriate are relatively simple foods that can be packed in a lunch box. The quintessential lunch food in North America is the sandwich.

Employers and schools usually provide a lunch break in the middle of the day, lasting as much as an hour.

Lunch can often be served as entertainment, especially on weekends; a particularly fancy or formal lunch can be called a luncheon. Such lunches can be served at a restaurant, as a buffet or potluck, or as a sit-down feast. These events are very similar to festive suppers.

Lunch, both simple and fancy, often includes dessert.

Many nutritionists suggest that it is more appropriate to eat a large meal at lunch than it is to do so at supper, just prior to going to sleep, when the energy from the meal will not be properly used.

Continental French for "lunch" is déjeuner, Quebecois French is dîner; in Spanish it is almuerzo, in Italian it is pranzo, in German it is Mittagessen, and in Esperanto it is tagmanĝo (or lunĉo).

See breakfast, brunch, elevenses, high tea, supper, and dessert.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Lunch."

Top     


Poker jargon starting with L

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Poker jargon:

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

No jargon listed at this time

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Poker jargon starting with L."

Top     


Proof of angular momentum

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A proof that torque is equal to the time-derivative of angular momentum can be stated as follows:

The definition of angular momentum for a single particle is:

L = r × p

where "×" indicates the vector cross product. The time-derivative of this is:

dL/dt = r × (dp/dt) + (dr/dt) × p

This result can easily be proven by splitting the vectors into components and applying the product rule. Now using the definitions of velocity v = dr/dt, acceleration a = dv/dt and linear momentum p = ma, we can see that:

dL/dt = r × m (dv/dt) + mv × v

But the cross product of any vector with itself is zero, so the second term vanishes. Hence with the definition of force F = ma, we obtain:

dL/dt = r × F

And by definition, torque τ = r×F. Note that there is a hidden assumption that mass is constant — this is quite valid in non-relativistic mechanics. Also, total (summed) forces and torques have been used — it perhaps would have been more rigorous to write:

dL/dt = τtot = ∑i τi

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Proof of angular momentum."

Top     

Abbreviations & Acronyms: L

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
EntrySourceExpressionField

L

DanishBindingstalMedicine

L

DutchLengte-indicatorPost & Telecom

L

EnglishLandraceN/A

L

FrenchPetite pêche localeFood & Agriculture

L

GermanLeitungBuilding & Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering

L

ItalianLeggeN/A

L

LatinLibraFinance

L

PortugueseIndicador de comprimentoPost & Telecom

L

SpanishIndicador de longitudPost & Telecom
ACK lEnglishAcknowledgmentComputing

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

Top     

Synonyms: L

Synonyms: cubic decimeter (n), cubic decimetre (n), fifty (n), lambert (n), liter (n), litre (n). (additional references)

Top     

Crosswords: L

English words defined with "l": L-plate ♦ Mouille. (references)
Specialty definitions using "l": airborne noise emitted, algebraic data type ♦ Barbarians, binary exponential backoff ♦ call-by-value-result, Capital Press Corps ♦ Financial Responsibility, Froude's curve ♦ group velocity ♦ higher-order macro, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, Holme mud sampler, Horn clause, Horse-power, hue, saturation, brightness ♦ Knudsen number, KORAN, kyrka ♦ L. E. L, LL, low-nitrate barren ♦ maternity leave, MOBSSL-UAF ♦ NC many-one reducibility, non-central multivariate beta distribution, normal solution, Number of the Beast, Nusselt number ♦ parental leave, pattern matching, P-complete, Peptide YY, person-gray, priority inversion, probable deviation ♦ rarefied gas dynamics, reenforcer, reflux ratio, Rosicrucians ♦ semi-phosphoric pig iron, space leak, space-cadet keyboard, sulphured, Sword-makers ♦ thermochemical water decomposition, thermochemical water splitting, total function, tupling ♦ unfold/fold ♦ William L ♦ xeno-transplant. (references)
Non-English Usage: "L" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses.

Chinese (L&O), German (leopard), Haitian Creole (it), Italian (that), Korean (L&O), Latin (pound Sterling).

Top     

Modern Usage: L

DomainUsage

Screenplays

No N as in nincompoop, numbskull, nitwit. And L as in ladder (Superman; writing credit: Jerry Siegel; Joe Shuster)

Okay, you can't count A, and L really wanted to go back to that morgue (Men in Black II; writing credit: Lowell Cunningham; Robert Gordon)

Danielwith an L (The Karate Kid; writing credit: Robert Mark Kamen)

Lyrics

That's right I had to call up L (Hey Ma; performing artist: Cam'ron)

Movie/TV Titles

L École des parents (1967)

Lady L (1965)

L (1961)

El Caso L (1956)

The Raiders from Double L Ranch (1913)

Song Titles

Every Moment (performing artist: Vitamin L)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Commercial Usage: L

DomainTitle

References

  • S X L Corporation: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

  • L & M Group Investments Limited: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

  • L E Lundbergforetagen AB (publ): International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

  • L Kakuei Corporation: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

  • Yung Shin Pharmaceutical Industrial Co L: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

    (more reference examples)

  

Books

  • N L P: The New Technology of Achievement (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Periodicals

  

Theater & Movies

  • Jungle Book:More Important Than the L (reference)

  • Newsreel Funnies:Greetings From Our L (reference)

  • Lindbergh-Shocking Turbulent L (reference)

  • Avengers '64:White Elephant/The L (reference)

    (more DVD examples; more video examples)

  

Music

  

High Tech

  • Xl4000 Fastcopper+ Bridge/routr10MBps Dsl Extend Lan Add L 4000ft (reference)

  • Multimodemii Int L V.34/33.6kext. Data/fax 2&4-wire Leased Modem (reference)

  • 128MB FUJITSU SIEMENS-SCENIC L I850 D1192 (reference)

  • 104-key Keyboard PS2 Black with large L Shaped Enter Key (reference)

  • HAKUBA USA INC Photographer Vest, size L (reference)

    (more camera examples; more video game examples; more computer examples; more electronic examples; more software examples)

  

Consumer Goods

  • Mabis 04-244-0001 Deluxe SmartRead Digital Blood Pressure Monitor l (reference)

  • Makita LS1212K-L 12" Slide Dual Compound Saw - Includes L Carhart Jacket, a $70 Value (reference)

    (more baby examples; more wireless phone examples; more garden examples; more kitchen examples; more tool examples)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Image Slideshow: L

Photos:
L

More pictures...

Illustrations:
L

More pictures...

Top     

Photo Album: L

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

The medium consists of Yeast Extract, Cysteine, and Ferric Pyrophosphate with, or without the addition of D or L Tyrosine, or D or L Phenylalanine. Credit: CDC.

C&GS Ship PIONEER wardroom. Standing L to R: Karwisch, McCaffrey ...... Patrick on end Sitting L to R: Harley Nygren, Horace Conerly, Captain William F. Deane CME De Steuben, Miller Tonkel. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

LCDR Commander John Bowie's base camp at Watertown, Yukon, Territory L to R: David Sammons; Eli Packer, geodetic engineer; bush pilot Sam White Lieutenant Commander John Bowie; Mr Smith, Canadian IBC representative. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Survey work near Depoe Bay The L crew - Legako, Laterriere, and Lafountaine. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth.

Foreground - l to r - Marv Paulsen, Junius Jarman, Paul Mears. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth.

Cruising through an ice field - l to r - Ted Shanahan, Stan Jeffers, Jerry Gray, and Simon Tagarook. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth.

Left to right: Dr. Louet, medical doctor to the Prince; H. Bouree; J. Richard; L . Tinayre; M. Malglaive; A. Ranc; and A. Fuhrmeister, personal secretary to the Prince. Plate IV, print 4. In: "Results of the Scientific Campaigns of the Prince of Monaco." Vol. 89. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.

Maj. Joel Henness, Texas Air National Guard, takes on fuel in his F-16 Fighting Falcon over the Saudi desert. Various Air National Guard units contributed F-16 Fighting Falcons for the AEF 9 Operation Southern Watch deployment. (P.; photo by Army Staff Sgt. L..

L to R Daniel Kent, construction forman, Robert Kent, housing director and USDA Community development Manager Sylvester Pomerlee inspect plans for self help homes in Indianola, MS. Credit: USDA.

L to R Tommy Roger, Larry Adams, William Jones and Adrian Celestino load tobacco into a drying barn on the Rogers Farm in the Danville, VA area. Credit: USDA.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Top     

Digital Photo Gallery: L
 

"Hindu Temple in Colombo (Sri L" by Ronald Fruin
Commentary: "A very colourfull temple in Colombo. Great contrast with grey skies."		"Mimosa pudica L." by Warisara N.
Commentary: "Mimosa pudica L. ."

Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers.

Top     

Historic Usage: L

AuthorDateQuotation

Treaty of Versailles

1919

To be issued forthwith, further 40,000,000,000 Marks gold bearer bonds, bearing interest at 2-1/2 per cent. per annum between 1921 and l926, and thereafter at 5 per cent. per annum with an additional l per cent. for amortisation beginning in 1926 on the whole amount of the issue. (reference)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Top     

Non-Fiction Usage: L

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

Rowland, L (ed). Merritt's Textbook of Neurology. (references)

The L protein produces nascent genomes by replication via a positive-sense RNA intermediate. (references)

Transcription of viral genes is initiated by association of the L protein with the three nucleocapsid species. (references)

Economic History

San Marino

The Consulate General in Washington, DC is located at 1899 L Street NW, Suite 500, Washington, DC 20036. The phone number for the Consulate General is (202) 223-3517. (references)

India

Many Indian and multinational companies like Aero Pharma, Amway, Avon, D K Family Learning, L B Publishers, Lotus Learning, Oriflame, Tupperware, Sunrider, and Time Life have started operations in India through joint ventures or through wholly-owned subsidiaries. (references)

Travel

Barbados

Runway: L 6,200 feet x W 150 feet. (references)

Lexicography

Devil's Dictionary

KORAN, n. A book which the Mohammedans foolishly believe to have been written by divine inspiration, but which Christians know to be a wicked imposture, contradictory to the Holy Scriptures. L

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

Top     

Usage Frequency: L

"L" is generally used as an alphabetical symbol -- approximately 63.92% of the time. "L" is used about 4,026 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words		Rank in English
Alphabetical Symbol63.92%2,5733,546
Noun (proper)21.19%8538,273
Unclassified Items7.62%30716,496
Noun (common)3.85%15525,240
Cardinal Number3.42%13827,024
                    Total100.00%4,026N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

Top     

Usage in Company Names: L

CountryNameCountryName
Japan

L Kakuei Corporation

Singapore

L & M Group Investments Limited

South Africa

Edward L Bateman Limited

Sweden

G & L Beijer AB

Taiwan

Yung Shin Pharmaceutical Industrial Co L

USA

Lexington B & L Financial Corp.

 (more examples...)  

Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.

Top     

Expressions: L

Expressions using "l": A F of L ♦ boiling Spring L ♦ colchicum autumnale L ♦ Humulin L ♦ L AEgyptiaca ♦ L agilis ♦ L alba ♦ L albus ♦ L Americana ♦ L Americanus ♦ L amplexicaule ♦ L antennata ♦ L argala ♦ L arvense ♦ L atricilla ♦ L auratum ♦ L auritus ♦ L autumnale ♦ L borealis ♦ L cachinnans ♦ L calcarifer ♦ L callotis ♦ L campestris ♦ L Canadensis ♦ L Canariensis ♦ L canescens ♦ L cannabina ♦ L capreolus ♦ L Caprifolium ♦ L Cardiaca ♦ L cardinalis ♦ L catharticum ♦ L catta ♦ L caxis ♦ L Cells (Cell Line) ♦ L cervus ♦ L Chalcedonicum ♦ L ciliata ♦ L cinerea or Fabricii ♦ L clavatum ♦ L comber ♦ L corniculatas ♦ L crumenifer ♦ L dama ♦ L dendroideum ♦ L dubius ♦ L fedoa ♦ L Forms ♦ L gigas ♦ L glabrum ♦ L grata ♦ L griseus ♦ L haemastica ♦ L Harrisii ♦ L hirtum ♦ L Impeyanus ♦ L Italicum ♦ L Japonica ♦ L latifolium ♦ L leontopetalum ♦ L lineatus ♦ L longicruris ♦ L longiflorum ♦ L Ludovicianus ♦ L maculosa ♦ L meST ♦ L mixtus ♦ L moroides ♦ L murinus ♦ L nidificans ♦ L Nissolia ♦ L nobilis ♦ L noctiluca ♦ L Ollaria ♦ L Orientalis ♦ L pallidus ♦ L palustre ♦ L perennis ♦ L Periclymenum ♦ L Philadelphia ♦ L Philadelphicum ♦ L rediva ♦ L roboris ♦ L sativa ♦ L Scoticus ♦ L sempervirens ♦ L siler ♦ L Spica ♦ L splendidula ♦ L superbum ♦ L sylvalica ♦ L terebrans ♦ L terrestris ♦ L timidus ♦ L usitatissimum ♦ L vera ♦ L vernum ♦ L view ♦ L Virginicus ♦ L vittata ♦ L vulgaris. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "l": L-A, L-a-c-e, l-amino, l-arginine, L-arginine-nitric, L-arginine-no, l-armla, l-bend, l-carnitine, l-cel, l-citrulline, l-cys, L-cysteine, l-day, l-din, l-direction, L-dopa, l-driver, l-drivers, l-e, L-field, L-fields, l-force, l-form, l-forms, l-future, L-future-tenses, L-glu, l-glutamate, L-glutamate-induced, l-glutamine, l-h, l-held, L-hijja, l-his, l-histidine, L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase, l-in, l-instructors, l-ish, L-itn, L-ka'da, L-lactic, l-lactoperoxidase, L-league, l-left, l-leucine, l-licence, l-life, l-like, l-l-like, L-l-lodsworth, L-l-lunch, L-lord, l-love, l-lovers, l-lysine, l-marriage, l-month, L-myc, l-na, l-name, l-nitroarginine, L-nmma, L-n-monomethyl, l-o-g, L-o-r-i, L-o-ve, L-P, L-peters, L-Phenylalanine, l-plan, L-plate, l-plates, l-present, l-rail, l-registered, l-rhamnose, l-sat, l-section, l-selectin, l-series, l-serine, L-Serine Dehydratase, l-shape, l-shaped, l-shapes, l-shooting, L-Soft, l-square, L-statistics, l-tense, l-tensed, l-tenses, l-term, L-test, l-tester, L-tests, L-type, L-Type, l-u-v, L-V, l-valine, l-year.

Ending with "l": aabenraa-l, rustenburg-l, sads-l.

Containing "l": N-monomethyl-l-arginine, N-nitro-l-arginine, poly-l-ornithine.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Frequency of Internet Keywords: L

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day		ExpressionFrequency
per Day

l a

9,404

a l r

178

john l scott

1,154

l 3 communication

171

l arginine

862

j l

171

l carnitine

691

k l

161

l oreal

568

g l

150

r l carrier

496

g and l guitar

148

l glutamine

449

john l scott realty

139

big l

409

l ron hubbard

138

l occitane

398

l m

137

equipe l

381

h l msn

125

trompe l oeil

302

l p

124

b and l

282

l l cool j

123

auberge espagnole l

251

cp l

122

l tyrosine

245

express l

121

l arc en ciel

241

l i

119

acetyl l carnitine

239

amour l louis

115

samuel l jackson

231

l t

114

john l scott real estate

219

jcp l

113

bob l éponge

219

l l

105

l lysine

205

a l s

102
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Modern Translation: L

Language Translations for "l"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Danish

  

Fællesskabsaktion inden for undervisningsteknologi-det teknologiske fremskridt i undervisningens tjeneste i Europa-forsøgsaktion (Community action in the field of learning technologies-D evelopment of E uropean l earning through t echnological a dvance-exploratory action, DELTA), anamirta cocculus L (anamirta cocculus L), apocynum cannabinum L (apocynum cannabinum L), atropa belladonna L (atropa belladonna L), colchicum autumnale L (colchicum autumnale L, dainty maiden, meadow saffron), conium maculatum L (conium maculatum L), croton tiglium L (croton tiglium L), det viste sig, at dybdedosis i l cm dybde svarede til 75 % af eksponeringen (the depth dose at l cm was found to be 75 % of the exposure), aconitum napellus L (aconitum napellus L), Fællesskabets handlingsprogram til fordel for handicappede (Community action programme for disabled people.(H andicapped people in the E C l iving i ndependently in an o pen s ociety), HELIOS), ved 25 kV, en hyppigt anvendt spaending ved hudterapi, er halveringstykkelsen omtrent l mm aluminium (is approximately l mm of aluminium, the half value layer at 25 kV a value frequently used in superficial therapy), hvis q roentgenfotoner eller roentgenstraalingskvanter, hver med energien E elektronvolt, traeffer en kugle med tvaersnitsarealet l cm2, vil den totale energifluens vaere qE elektronvolt (are incident on a sphere of cross-sectional area l cm2, each of energy E electron volts, if q individual X-ray photons, or quanta, the total energy fluence will be qE electron volts N.B. : energy flux is deprecated; proper term energy fluence), juniperus sabina L (juniperus sabina L), maalingerne blev udfoert i et vand-fantom i l og 5 cm dybde, d.v.s. i middel-dybden for testikler og ovarier (measurements were made in water phantom at l and 5 cm, the average depths of the testes and ovaries), noeglehulskaerv med en krumningsradius paa 1 mm (keyhole notch with a root radius of l mm), nye foranstaltninger,som strider mod de anfoerte principper (any new measure which is contrary to the principles l laid down), prunus laurocerasus L (cherry laurel water, prunus laurocerasus L), solanum nigrum L (solanum nigrum L), systematisk forberedende undersoegelse (systematic exploratory study er OJEC L 255/1977), efter toerring blev svaertningen maalt ved hjaelp af et modificeret densitometer, som havde en lysplet med en diameter paa l mm (after drying, the optical densities were read using a modified densitometer that had a light spot l). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

laurierkerswater (cherry laurel water, prunus laurocerasus L), Grootschalig doelgericht project P1 op het gebied van de micro-elektronica (LST P1, Microelectronics L arge-S cale T argeted Project(P1)), anamirta cocculis L (anamirta cocculus L), apocynum cannabinum L (apocynum cannabinum L), atropa belladonna L (atropa belladonna L), bij 25 kV ώ, dikwijls gebruikte spanning bij oppervlaktherapieen, is de halveringsdikte ongeveer l mm aluminium (is approximately l mm of aluminium, the half value layer at 25 kV a value frequently used in superficial therapy), colchicum autumnale L (colchicum autumnale L, dainty maiden, meadow saffron), Communautair actieprogramma voor gehandicapten (Community action programme for disabled people.(H andicapped people in the E C l iving i ndependently in an o pen s ociety), HELIOS), conium maculatum L (conium maculatum L), croton tiglium L (croton tiglium L), de dieptedosis op l cm bleek 75 % van de exposie te bedragen (the depth dose at l cm was found to be 75 % of the exposure), aconitum napellus L (aconitum napellus L), gemeten werd op l en 5 cm in een waterfantoom, d.w.z. op de gemiddelde diepte van testes en ovaria (measurements were made in water phantom at l and 5 cm, the average depths of the testes and ovaries), verkenning (reconnaissance, systematic exploratory study er OJEC L 255/1977), juniperus sabina L (juniperus sabina L), na het drogen werden de zwartingen bepaald met behulp van een gewijzigde densitometer met een lichtbundel van 1,O mm diameter (after drying, the optical densities were read using a modified densitometer that had a light spot l), prunus laurocerasus L (cherry laurel water, prunus laurocerasus L), sleutelgatkerf met een afrondingsstraal bij het diepste punt van l mm (keyhole notch with a root radius of l mm), solanum nigrum L (solanum nigrum L), treffen q rontgenfotonen of rontgenquanta met elk een energie van E elektronvolt een oppervlak van l cm2, dan bedraagt de totale energiefluentie q (are incident on a sphere of cross-sectional area l cm2, each of energy E electron volts, if q individual X-ray photons, or quanta, the total energy fluence will be qE electron volts N.B. : energy flux is deprecated; proper term energy fluence), enige nieuwe maatregel die tegen de vermelde beginselen indruist (any new measure which is contrary to the principles l laid down). (various references)

   

Farsi 

  

دوازدهمین حرف الفبای انگلیسی . (various references)

   

Finnish

  

L-tunnusluvut (L-statistics), L-askorbiinihappo (L-ascorbic acid, vitamin C), lineaarinen DNA (L DNA, linear DNA), L-testit (L-tests), L-maitohappo (L-lactic acid), sivuäänen reittihäviö (L meST, sidetone path loss), sivuäänen etenemisvaimennus (L meST, sidetone path loss), melfalaani (L-phenylalanine mustard, melphalan), virheetön uhrikaritsa (unblemished l), sivuäänenvaimennus (L meST, sidetone path loss), alikaavio (L view, local view, sub-model, sub-schema, subscheme, view), tuomari (arbitrator Bachelor of Laws, judge, justice, L L. B, magistrate, referee, umpire), U-lovi (keyhole notch, keyhole notch with a root radius of l mm, U-notch), keuhkojen diffuusiokapasiteetti (D L, diffusion capacity of the lung), C-vitamiini (vitamin C), avainlovi (keyhole notch, keyhole notch with a root radius of l mm, U-notch), askorbiinihappo (ascorbic acid, E300, L-ascorbic acid, vitamin C). (various references)

   

French

  

longueur, l, moment quadratiQue d'une surface, berceau, 1 litre. (various references)

   

German

  

Länge (duration, extent, footage, height, largeness, len, length, long, long-drawn-out passage, longitude, tallness), l., l (leopard), quadratische Momentflaeche (moment of area), 1 liter (liter(U.S.A.), litre). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

l (Length), μήκος (length), λίτρο (liter, litre, pound), τετραγωνική ροπή μιάς επιφάνειας (moment of area), οδηγώ (car, car], conduct, drive, guide, instruct, lead, march out, pilot, steer [boat, steer a boat / a car), 1000 cm3 (liter(U.S.A.), litre). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

nyújtott ülés (L seat, long seat). (various references)

   

Italian

  

lunghezza (duration, extent, footage, length, lengthiness), l (that), momento quadratico di una superficie (moment of area), 1 litro (liter(U.S.A.), litre). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

エリキシル剤 (Educational Resources Information Center, El Dorado, El Nino, El Salvador, elixir, Elysium, erbium, erg, ergonomics, ERIC, erythromycin, erythropoietin, Jerusalem, L size, large size, LP record, LSD). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

エルサイズ (L size, large size). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

엘피 (LP, L-P, LPS). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

lay.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

momento quadrático de uma superfície (moment of area), comprimento (length, longitude), 1 litro,l (liter(U.S.A.), litre). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

угольник для черчения (L-square). (various references)

   

Scottish

  

seann (d, n, r, s). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

longitud (length, longitude), l (constraint, liter, liter(U.S.A.), litre), momento cuadrático de una superficie (moment of area), 1 litro (liter(U.S.A.), litre). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

Ltest (L-tests), L-skattningar (L-statistics), LmeST (L meST, sidetone path loss), låg-högövergång (LH junction, l-h junction, low-high junction), vinkelhake (l-square, set square), vinkel (angle, corner, crotch, l-square, Square), sub-schema (L view, local view, sub-model, sub-schema), Russel-Saunders-koppling (L-S coupling, Russell-Saunders coupling), några nya åtgärder som strider mot de principer som anges i... (any new measure which is contrary to the principles l laid down), melfalan (L-phenylalanine mustard, melphalan), dämpning i sidotonsvägen (L meST, sidetone path loss). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Top     

Bible Trace: L

LanguageDateSourceRomans Chapter 10, Verse 20
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintHsaiaV de apotolma kai legei eureqhn toiV eme mh zhtousin emfanhV egenomhn toiV eme mh eperwtwsin
Latin405VulgateEsaias autem audet et dicit inventus sum non quaerentibus me palam apparui his qui me non interrogabant
Old English990West SaxonAnd Isaia segð dædcene:"Ic wearð gefunden þurh þa þe me ne sohton;ic me geswutelode þæm þe me ne abædon" l
Middle English1395WyclifAnd Ysaie is bold, and seith, Y am foundun of men that seken me not; opynli Y apperide to hem, that axiden not me.
Renaissance English1526TyndaleEsaias after that is bolde and sayth. I am founde of the that sought me not and have appered to them that axed not after me.
Jacobean English1611King JamesBut Esaias is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me.
Victorian English1833WebsterBut Isaiah is very bold, and saith, I was found by them that sought me not; I was made manifest to them that asked not for me.
Basic English1964OgdenAnd Isaiah says without fear, Those who were not searching for me made discovery of me; and I was seen by those whose hearts were turned away from me.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Matched Bible Translations: L

LanguageRomans Chapter 10, Verse 20
CebuanoUg si Isaias maisugon sa pag-ingon, Hingkaplagan ako sa mga tawo nga wala mangita kanako; gipadayag ko ang akong kaugalingon ngadto sa mga wala magpangayo kanako."
CroatianIzaija pak hrabro veli: Naðoše me koji me ne tražahu, objavih se onima koji me ne pitahu.
DanishMen Esajas drister sig til at sige: "Jeg blev funden af dem, som ikke søgte mig; jeg blev åbenbar for dem. som ikke spurgte efter mig."
DutchEn Jesaja verstout zich, en zegt: Ik ben gevonden van degenen, die Mij niet zochten; Ik ben openbaar geworden dengenen, die naar Mij niet vraagden.
FinnishJa Esaias on rohkea ja sanoo: "Minut ovat löytäneet ne, jotka eivät minua etsineet; minä olen ilmestynyt niille, jotka eivät minua kysyneet".
FrenchEt Ésaïe pousse la hardiesse jusqu`à dire: J`ai été trouvé par ceux qui ne me cherchaient pas, Je me suis manifesté à ceux qui ne me demandaient pas.
GermanJesaja aber darf wohl so sagen: "Ich bin gefunden von denen, die mich nicht gesucht haben, und bin erschienen denen, die nicht nach mir gefragt haben."
Haitian CreoleEzayi menm pouse radiyès li pi lwen toujou lè l' di: Moun ki pa t'ap chache m' yo, se yo menm ki jwenn mwen. Moun ki pa t'ap mande pou mwen yo, se yo menm mwen fè wè mwen.
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hariYesaya lebih berani lagi. Ia berkata, "Beginilah kata Allah, 'Orang-orang yang tidak mencari Aku, sudah menjumpai Aku; dan Aku memperlihatkan diri-Ku kepada mereka yang tidak menanyakan tentang Aku.'"
Indonesian-Terjemahan LamaTetapi Yesaya itu dengan beraninya bersabda: Aku didapati oleh orang yang tiada mencari Aku; dan Aku menyatakan diri-Ku kepada orang yang tiada bertanya akan Daku.
ItalianIsaia poi arriva fino ad affermare: mi sono manifestato a quelli che non si rivolgevano a me,
MaoriA ka maia rawa a Ihaia, ka mea, Kua kitea ahau e te hunga kihai i rapu i ahau; kua whakakitea ahau ki te hunga kihai nei i ui ki ahau.
Norwegianog Esaias våger sig til å si: Jeg blev funnet av dem som ikke søkte mig; jeg åpenbarte mig for dem som ikke spurte efter mig;
PortugueseE Isaías ousou dizer: Fui achado pelos que não me buscavam, manifestei-me aos que por mim não perguntavam.   
RumanianWi Isaia merge cu kndrqzneala pknq acolo cq zice: ,Am fost gqsit de ceice nu Mq cqutau; M`am fqcut cunoscut celor ce nu kntrebau de Mine.`
ShuarNuyá Isayas ashamtsuk aarmiayi: "Eatkacharua nu Wáitkiarmiayi. Inintruiniatsain wantintiukmiajai."
SpanishTambién Isaías se atreve a decir: Fui hallado entre los que no me buscaban; me manifesté a los que no preguntaban por mí.
SwahiliTena Isaya anathubutu hata kusema: "Wale ambao hawakunitafuta wamenipata; nimejionyesha kwao wasiouliza habari zangu."
SwedishOch Esaias går så långt, att han säger: "Jag har låtit mig finnas av dem som icke sökte mig, jag har låtit mig bliva uppenbar för dem som icke frågade efter mig."
UmaOti toe, ria wo'o Lolita Alata'ala to lonto' lia to naparata nabi Yesaya. Na'uli' Alata'ala hewa toi: Tauna to uma mpopali' -a, hira' lau-mi to mporua' -a. Pai' tauna to uma mpekune' kahema-ku, kupopo'incai lau-ramo kahema-ku."

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Anagrams: L

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

 Words containing the letters "l"
 

+1 letter: al, el, la, li, lo.

 

+2 letters: aal, ail, ala, alb, ale, all, alp, als, alt, awl, bal, bel, cel, col, dal, del, dol, eel, eld, elf, elk, ell, elm, els, fil, flu, fly, gal, gel, gul, ilk, ill, lab, lac, lad, lag, lam, lap, lar, las, lat, lav, law, lax, lay, lea, led, lee, leg, lei, lek, let, leu, lev, lex, ley, lez, lib, lid, lie, lin, lip, lis, lit, lob, log, loo, lop, lot, low, lox, lug, lum, luv, lux, lye, mel, mil, mol, nil, oil, old, ole, owl, pal, ply, pol, pul, sal, sel, sly, sol, tel, til, ulu.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Top     



INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Modern 		5. Usage: Commercial
6. Images: Slideshow
7. Images: Photo Album
8. Images: Digital Art 		9. Quotations: Historic
10. Quotations: Non-fiction
11. Usage Frequency
12. Names: Company Usage 		13. Expressions
14. Expressions: Internet
15. Translations: Modern
16. Bible Trace 		17. Abbreviations
18. Acronyms
19. Anagrams
20. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.