Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Infrared |
InfraredAdjective1. Having or employing wavelengths longer than light but shorter than radio waves; lying outside the visible spectrum at its red end; "infrared radiation"; "infrared photography". Noun1. The infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum; electromagnetic wave frequencies below the visible range; "they could sense radiation in the infrared". 2. Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than visible light but shorter than radio waves. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Infrared |
Aerospace | 1. = infrared radiation.2. Pertaining to infrared radiation, as an infrared absorber.Abbreviation IR. (references) |
Astronomy | Light that is so red humans cannot see it. A band of the electromagnetic spectrum between the visible and the microwave. Photons of infrared light are less energetic than photons of visible light. (references) |
Mining | Pertaining to or designating that part of the electromagnetic spectrum ranging in wavelength from 0.7 mu m to about 1 mm. CF:visible light. (references) |
Physics | The part of the electromagnetic spectrum beyond the red end of the visible spectrum. Source: European Union. (references) |
Science | The invisible part of the electromagnetic spectrum whose rays have wavelengths longer than those of the red end of the visible spectrum. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Infrared (IR) radiation is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than visible light, but shorter than microwave radiation. The name means "below red" (from the Latin infra, "below"), red being the color of visible light of longest wavelength. Infrared radiation has wavelengths between 700 nm and 1 mm.
IR is often subdivided into near-IR (NIR, 0.7-5 µm in wavelength), mid-IR (MIR (also intermediate-IR (IIR)), 5 - 30 µm) and far-IR (FIR, 30 - 1000 µm). However, these terms are not precise, and are used differently in the various study. Infrared radiation is often linked to heat, since objects at room temperature or above will emit radiation mostly concentrated in the mid-infrared band (see black body).
Uses
Infrared is used in night-vision equipment, when there is insufficient visible light to see an object. The radiation is detected and turned into an image on a screen, hotter objects showing up brighter, enabling the police and military to chase targets.Smoke is more transparent to infrared than to visible light, so fire fighters apply infrared imaging equipment when working in smoke-filled areas.
A more common use of IR is in television remote controls. In this case it is used in preference to radio waves because it does not interfere with the television signal. IR data transmission is also employed in short-range communication among computer peripherals and personal digital assistants. These devices usually conform to standards published by IrDA, the Infrared Data Association. Remote controls and IrDA devices use infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to emit infrared radiation which is focused by a plastic lens into a narrow beam. The beam is modulated, i.e. switched on and off, to encode the data. The receiver uses a silicon photodiode to convert the infrared radiation to an electric current. It responds only to the rapidly pulsing signal created by the transmitter, and filters out slowly changing infrared radiation from sunlight, people and other warm objects.
The light used in fiber optic communication is typically infrared.
History
In 1800 the physicist William Herschel held a mercury thermometer in the spectrum produced by a glass prism to measure the heat content of different coloured lights. He found that the thermometer registered an increase in temperature even when held beyond the red end of the spectrum, where there was no visible light. This was the first experiment to show that heat could be transmitted by an invisible form of light.Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Infrared."
Synonyms: InfraredSynonyms: infrared emission (n), infrared frequency (n), infrared light (n), infrared radiation (n). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Infrared |
| English words defined with "infrared": heat lamp ♦ infrared frequency, infrared lamp, infrared ray, infrared spectrum, infrared therapy, infrared ♦ microwave ♦ radio frequency ♦ sidewinder ♦ thermograph. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "infrared": far infrared ♦ High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder ♦ Infrared Data Association, infrared film, infrared imagery, infrared photography, Infrared Rays ♦ middle infrared ♦ Television and Infrared Observation Satellite, THERMAL INFRARED. (references) |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | The Hubble telescope's infrared camera has peered into the Cone Nebula, revealing a stunning ... Credit: NASA. |  | After more than three years of inactivity, the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object ... Credit: NASA. |
 | Near-infrared image of young binary stars with a faint companion (a planet?). (Produced with the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS), Hubble Space Telescope.). Credit: NASA. |  | False color infrared composite of Jupiter's moon Io. Credit: NASA. |
 | Full view of the Earth, taken byGOES-8(Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) on 2 September 1994at 18:00 UT. The red and green channels represent visible data, while theblue channel represents inverted 11 micron infrared data.The north and south poles were were not actually observed by GOES-8. Toproduce this image, poles were taken from a GOES-7 image. Credit: NASA. |  | A color infrared aerial of Sachuest Marsh looking upstream and downstream prior to restoration. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | Technicians operating electronic equipment for recording and displaying TIROS television, infrared, and telemetry signals. Credit: NOAA in Space. |  | An infrared image transmitted from NOAA 2 satellite showing the East Coast of North America from the Gaspe Peninsula to northern Florida. A frontal system is offshore with "cloud streets" extending back to the west. This cold front brought low temperatures to the eastern United States. The image was sensed by the very high resolution radiometer with 1/2 mi. resolution. Credit: NOAA in Space. |
 | Tech. Sgt. Dan Stevens, 411th Flight Test Squadron, at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif., uses a non-contact infrared thermometer while curing the coating on an F-22 Raptor. To ensure Edwards AFB continues flight-testing large programs such as the F-22, the. |  | Ray Courington, left, and Bruce Daniel inspect the infrared suppressor system, nicknamed a "tub," which the team installed on the AC-130H gunship in the background. (P.; photo by Sue Sapp).. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Infrared 1" by Debbie L Manville Commentary: "Took these of myself with just a few lights and some cool film." | "Black and white tree" by Philip Jackson Commentary: "The veiny branches stretching out in this one. a simple pic really of a tree from beneath. black and white seperates from a lot of generic tree shots. i'd love to get into infrared pics, this isn't one, being from a digi cam but all the same..." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | The properties of the sun that have inspired such reverence include its light (visible radiation) and its warmth (infrared radiation). (references) | |
Electrical or laser heat (laser coagulation) or infrared light (infrared photo coagulation)--Both techniques use special devices to burn hemorrhoidal tissue. (references) | ||
Business | These regions have or are installing systems based on infrared sensors and 3-dimensional cameras. (references) | |
They prefer high technology equipment such as closed circuit monitoring, infrared motion detection systems, and home insurance. (references) | ||
Also interesting is the so-called "night vision" technology utilizing infrared sensors to project an image on the lower part of the windshield via a "heads up" display device. (references) | ||
Economic History | Netherlands | In the short term, the market is seeing a dramatic increase in the use of computers, software, data storage on diskettes, in-car navigation, electronic maps (CD-ROM), infrared blind-spot detectors, radar enhanced cruise control, and heads up speed/distance displays, audio equipment alloy wheels, wooden trimmings and seat covers. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Infrared" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Infrared" is used about 223 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 100% | 223 | 20,178 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "infrared": infrared Data Association ♦ infrared emission ♦ infrared film ♦ infrared frequency ♦ infrared grill ♦ infrared heating ♦ infrared imagery ♦ infrared lamp ♦ infrared light ♦ infrared radiation ♦ infrared ray ♦ Infrared Rays ♦ infrared spectrography ♦ infrared spectrum ♦ infrared therapy ♦ near infrared ♦ Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "infrared": infrared-pulsating, infrared-sensing, infrared-visible. | |
Ending with "infrared": far-infrared, near-infrared. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "infrared"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Chinese | 红外 (Infra-red). (various references) | |
Danish | ultrarød i infrarød (ultrared). (various references) | |
Dutch | infrarood. (various references) | |
Finnish | infrapunaspektrometria (infrared spectrography), infrapunakuvaus (infrared imagery), infrapunakuva Maasta (earth's infrared image), ylin infrapunataajuusalue (far infrared, far-IR), lähi-infrapunasäteily (near IR, near-infrared radiation, near-IR radiation, photoelectric infrared radiation), lähi-infrapuna (near infrared, near IR-spectrum), ei-dispersiivinen infrapuna-absorptio (non-dispersive infrared absorption). (various references) | |
French | infra-rouge (Infra-red), ultra-rouge. (various references) | |
German | Infrarot (infra red, ultrared). (various references) | |
Greek | υπέρυθρο (reddishness). (various references) | |
Italian | infrarosso (Infra-red, Infrared (IR), ultrared). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 赤外 . (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | せきがい. (various references) | |
Korean | 적외선 (Infra-red). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | infrareday.(various references) | |
Portuguese | infravermelho (infra-red). (various references) | |
Russian | инфракрасный (infra red). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | infracrveni (infra red). (various references) | |
Spanish | infrarrojo (Infra-red, Infrared (IR)). (various references) | |
Swedish | ultraröd. (various references) | |
Turkish | kızılötesi (infra red). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "infrared": infrareds. (additional references) | |
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"Infrared" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: infared, infradraw, inframe, infrare, infreared, inrred, intrabrand, Intrare. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-d-e-f-i-n-r-r" | |
-1 letter: drainer, randier, refrain. | |
-2 letters: arider, darner, denari, errand, fadein, fainer, faired, fairer, finder, friend, infare, raider, rained, redfin, refind. | |
-3 letters: afire, aider, aired, airer, darer, deair, denar, dinar, diner, direr, drain, drear, drier, fader, fared, farer, feria, fiend, fined, finer, fired, firer, frena, friar, fried, frier, infer, infra, irade, nadir, ranid, rared, redan. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-d-e-f-i-n-r-r" | |
+1 letter: firebrand, infrareds, refrained. | |
+2 letters: firebrands, foreordain, fundraiser, redrafting. | |
+3 letters: fingerboard, foreordains, fraternized, fundraisers. | |
+4 letters: ferricyanide, ferrocyanide, fingerboards, foreordained, grandiflorae, handicrafter, intergrafted, proofreading, transfigured, ultrarefined. | |
+5 letters: ferricyanides, ferrocyanides, foreordaining, handicrafters. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Images: Digital Art 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Derivations 14. Anagrams 15. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
