Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Imperfect

Definition: Imperfect

Imperfect

Adjective

1. Not perfect; defective or inadequate; "had only an imperfect understanding of his responsibilities"; "imperfect mortals"; "drainage here is imperfect".

2. Having the attributes of man as opposed to e.g. divine beings; "I'm only human"; "frail humanity".

Noun

1. A tense of verbs used in describing action that is on-going.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "imperfect" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references)

Etymology: Imperfect \Im*per"fect\, adjective. [Latin imperfectus: pref. im- not + perfectus perfect: compare to F imparfait, whence Old English imparfit. See Perfect.]. (references)

 

Synonyms: Imperfect

Synonyms: fallible (adj), frail (adj), weak (adj), continuous tense (n), imperfect tense (n), progressive (n), progressive tense (n). (additional references)
Antonym: perfect (adj). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Imperfect

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Blemish

Adjective: pitted, freckled, discolored; imperfect; blobber-lipped, bloodshot; injured; (deteriorated).

Deterioration

Adjective: unimproved; (improve; ); deteriorated; Verb: altered, altered for the worse; injured; Verb: sprung; withering, spoiling; Verb: on the wane, on the decline; tabid; degenerate; marescent; worse; the worse for, all the worse for; out of repair, out of tune; imperfect; the worse for wear; battered; weathered, weather-beaten; stale, passe, shaken, dilapidated, frayed, faded, wilted, shabby, secondhand, threadbare; worn, worn to a thread, worn to a shadow, worn to the stump, worn to rags; reduced, reduced to a skeleton; far gone; tacky.

Imperfection

Verb: be imperfect; Adjective: have a defect; Noun: lie under a disadvantage; spring a leak.

Adjective: imperfect; not perfect; deficient, defective; faulty, unsound, tainted; out of order, out of tune; cracked, leaky; sprung; warped; (distort); lame; injured; (deteriorated); peccant; (bad); frail; (weak); inadequate; (insufficient); crude; (unprepared); incomplete; found wanting; below par; short-handed; below its full strength, under its full strength, below its full complement.

Incompleteness

Adjective: incomplete; imperfect; unfinished; uncompleted; (see complete; ); defective, deficient, wanting, lacking, failing; in default, in arrear; short of; hollow, meager, lame, halfand-half, perfunctory, sketchy; crude; (unprepared).

Insufficiency

Adjective: insufficient, inadequate; too little; not enough; unequal to; incompetent; (impotent); " weighed in the balance and found wanting "; perfunctory; (neglect); deficient; (incomplete); wanting; Verb: imperfect; ill-furnished, ill-provided, ill-stored, ill-off.

Vice

Weak, frail, lax, infirm, imperfect; indiscrete; demoralizing, degrading.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Imperfect

English words defined with "imperfect": agenesia, agenesis, amiss, ArthrodiaBlastostyle, blemishcandida, Cercospora, Cercosporella, Cold shut, Colt's tooth, CyanopathyDefectible, Defectious, Defectuous, deflower, Dematiaceae, DemicadenceEnorthotrope, Exfetation, eye rhymeFalse cadence, family Dematiaceae, family Moniliaceae, family Tuberculariaceae, flaw, Free-martingenus Candida, genus Cercospora, genus Cercosporella, genus Monilia, genus Ozonium, genus Rhizoctinia, genus Sclerotium, genus Ustilaginoidea, genus VerticilliumHalf an eye, Half measure, Half-strainedimpair, Imperfect interval, Imperfect power, imperfection, imperfectly, imperfectness, incompleteness, Infinitive moodjustice of the peaceMalassimilation, Malconformation, Mar, Microphthalmy, Mole-eyed, monilia, Moniliaceae, Moniliales, Mutilous, Mycelia SteriliaOligomyold, Opsiometer, order Moniliales, order Mycelia Sterilia, Owllight, OzoniumPreterimperfectSclerotium, seed pearl, Semidiapason, Semidiapente, Semidiaphaneity, Semidiatessaron, Semiform, Septulate, Slubberingly, splice, splicing, spoil, Sub-, SubcolumnarTuberculariaceaeUnperfect, UstilaginoideavitiateWast, Went, Were, Wert, Wind eggYead. (references)
Specialty definitions using "imperfect": Aortic Valve Insufficiency, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus oryzaeband of position, BASKET GRADER, bindery operator, BINDERY WORKER, bowwood, Brewster angleCASKET INSPECTOR, crystal defectsDigestion, dystomicedge dislocation, ended hank, extrinsic joint lossfeather quartzinformal inferenceLITHOGRAPHED-PLATE INSPECTORmismatching, Mitral Valve InsufficiencyOsage orange treeplausible inference, pseudo Brewster-angle, Pulmonary Valve InsufficiencyRosalinde, RUG INSPECTORSAMPLE CLERK, satire, SLICING-MACHINE OPERATOR, Spy-glass, STENCIL INSPECTOR, SUPERVISOR, PRESS ROOMtable worker, Taylor-Orowan dislocation, Teeth, tricuspid insufficiency, Tricuspid Valve InsufficiencyVaticanus, Codex, volumetric lossesWRAPPER SELECTOR, wrapper sizer, wrapper sorter. (references)
Etymologies containing "imperfect": Yead. (references)
Non-English Usage: "Imperfect" is also a word in the following language with English translations in parentheses.

Romanian (defective, faulty, ill, imperfect, incomplete, unfinished).

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Modern Usage: Imperfect

DomainUsage

Screenplays

Screws fall out all the time, sir. It's an imperfect world (The Breakfast Club ; writing credit: John Hughes)

For you, circling 500 feet in the air is imperfect. Down in the street, it's unforgiving (Black Hawk Down; writing credit: Ken Nolan)

Life is imperfect! (Black Hawk Down; writing credit: Ken Nolan)

With our system and imperfect knowledge (Law & Order; writing credit: Peter Yeldham)

Clever

Love is not finding a perfect person, it is seeing an imperfect person perfectly. (references; author: unknown)

Movie/TV Titles

The Imperfect Lady (1947)

An Imperfect Solution: A Tale of the Re-Animator (2003)

Past Imperfect (1991)

Part 3: Falling Apart and Getting Together Imperfect Union: Canadian Labour and the Left (1989)

Sounds Imperfect (1988)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Imperfect

DomainTitle

Books

  • The Perfectly Imperfect Church: Redefining the 'Ideal' Church (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Theater & Movies

  • Dragon Ball Z - Imperfect Cell - Encounter (reference)

  • Star Trek - The Next Generation, Episode 82: Future Imperfect (reference)

    (more DVD examples; more video examples)

  

Music

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: Imperfect

Illustrations:
Imperfect

More pictures...

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Digital Photo Gallery: Imperfect
 

"Imperfect Coffee" by Bill Bradbury
Commentary: "It was an accident."
"Imperfect Rose" by Jean Ilderton
Commentary: "Caught the little bug in action .... ."

Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers.

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Familiar Quotations: Imperfect

AuthorQuotation

Alexander Hamilton

I never expect to see a perfect work from imperfect man.

Friedrich Nietzsche

Existence really is an imperfect tense that never becomes a present.

Henry Ward Beecher

The Church is not a gallery for the exhibition of eminent Christians, but a school for the education of imperfect ones.

James A. Froude

Our human laws are more or less imperfect copies of the external laws as we see them.

Owen Felltham

Perfection is immutable. But for things imperfect, change is the way to perfect them.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Historic Usage: Imperfect

AuthorDateQuotation

John Locke

1690

The power, then, that parents have over their children, arises from that duty which is incumbent on them, to take care of their off-spring, during the imperfect state of childhood. (Second Treatise of Government)

Treaty of Versailles

1919

In framing any recommendation or draft convention of general application the Conference shall have due regard to those countries in which climatic conditions, the imperfect development of industrial organisation or other special circumstances make the industrial conditions substantially different and shall suggest the modifications, if any, which it considers may be required to meet the case of such countries. (reference)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: Imperfect

TitleAuthorQuote

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

The imperfect age in which we live

Gulliver's Travels

Swift, Jonathan

And this was the first time I began to conceive some imperfect idea of courts and ministers

Sonnets

William Shakespeare

How would, I say, mine eyes be blessed made by looking on thee in the living day, when in dead night thy fair imperfect shade through heavy sleep on sightless eyes doth stay

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Imperfect

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

Leukodystrophy, also called “the leukodystrophies,” refers to a group of genetic disorders that are characterized by the imperfect development or maintenance of the white matter (myelin sheath covering nerve fibers in the brain). (references)

Economic History

Panama

These include past bidding procedures, contract obligations, project security, and a slow and imperfect judicial system. (references)

India

In spite of their imperfect implementation and the hesitation that accompanied it, there is now a demand for greater economic growth. (references)

Turkey

Turkey generally exports cotton early in the season (due to imperfect markets and to minimize carrying costs) and imports cotton later in the season to optimize production. (references)

Political Economy

Kenya

While observers considered the 1997 elections imperfect, they concluded that the vote broadly reflected the popular will. (references)

HAITI

Consumer prices are governed by supply and demand, though the small Haitian market is imperfect for determining some prices. (references)

Trade

Brazil

Brazil is a founding member of Mercosul, the Southern Common Market, a member of the World Trade Organization, and a participant in negotiations that would establish a Free Trade Area of the Americas by December 2005. An imperfect Customs Union, Mercosul members Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay implemented a Common External Tariff (CET) on January 1, 1995. (see discussion under tariffs for further details on the Mercosul CET). (references)

Lexicography

Devil's Dictionary

DIGESTION, n. The conversion of victuals into virtues. When the process is imperfect, vices are evolved instead -- a circumstance from which that wicked writer, Dr. Jeremiah Blenn, infers that the ladies are the greater sufferers from dyspepsia.

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Speeches: Imperfect

SpeakerTermPhrase(s)

John Adams

1797-1801If our provincial constitutions are in any respect imperfect, and want alteration, they have capacity enough to discern it, and power enough to effect it, without interposition of parliament.

John Quincy Adams

1825-1829The constitution of the judiciary, experimental and imperfect as it was even in the infancy of our existing Government, is yet more inadequate to the administration of national justice at our present maturity.

Andrew Jackson

1829-1837But it is obvious that the militia system is imperfect.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Usage Frequency: Imperfect

"Imperfect" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Imperfect" is used about 335 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Adjective (general or positive)100%33515,680

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expressions: Imperfect

Expressions using "imperfect": be imperfect Imperfect arch Imperfect cadence Imperfect consonances Imperfect flower Imperfect interval Imperfect number Imperfect obligations Imperfect power imperfect tense imperfect well past imperfect. Additional references.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Imperfect

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

imperfect credit

23

girl imperfect lyrics tattoo

5

imperfect

20

imperfect subjunctive

5

imperfect credit loan

19

cell imperfect

5

afi imperfect lyrics this time

15

cell dragonball imperfect toy z

5

girl imperfect lyrics

14

future hulk imperfect

5

imperfect lyrics this time

13

imperfect spanish subjunctive

4

girl imperfect

12

afi guitar imperfect tab this time

4

imperfect this time

11

future imperfect

4

imperfect spanish tense

10

calm imperfect

4

imperfect preterite vs

9

imperfect preterite spanish

4

imperfect spanish

9

guitar imperfect tab this time

3

imperfect tab this time

8

angel imperfect

3

imperfect competition

7

imperfect fungi

3

imperfect tense

6

imperfect spanish verb

3

afi imperfect this time

6

imperfect credit mortgage

3

afi imperfect tab this time

6

flower imperfect

3

imperfect preterite

6

imperfect credit home loan

2

girl imperfect tattoo

6

imperfect past

2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: Imperfect

Language Translations for "imperfect"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Albanian

  

i paplotë (defective, deficient, incomplete), i papërkryer, kohë e pakryer, folje në të pakryerën, e pakryer. (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏منقوص, ‏مطفف, ‏ناقص من الوجهة القانونية, ‏ناقص (amiss, bid, defective, deficient, deprecatory, faulty, inchoate, incomplete, incorrect, insufficient, minus, nude, odd, reducible, revoked, scant, sketchy, truncate, unfinished, wanting), ‏غير تام (incomplete), ‏صيغة الماضي الناقص, ‏ذو عيب, ‏الماضي الناقص قواعد. (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

несъвършен (defective), несвършено време, несвършен (undone), непълен (inadequate, incomplete, insufficient, odd, partial, pendant, pendent, short, sketchy, unaccomplished), недостатъчен (deficient, exiguous, inadequate, incommensurate, insufficient, scanty, scarce, short, skimpy, slender, slim, wanting), дефектен (defective, incomplete, irregular, vicious). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

不完美 (defective). (various references)

   

Czech

  

imperfektum, imperfektní, vadný (defective, deficient, faulty, vicious), nedokonalý (faulty), defektní (defective, faulty). (various references)

   

Danish

  

imperfectus, ufuldstændig, ufuldendt. (various references)

   

Dutch

  

imperfect. (various references)

   

Farsi 

  

ناکامل (Unperfect), ناقص (Half, Halfbaked, Incomplete, Incorrect, Malformed, Mutilate, Rudimentary, Sketchy, Skimpy, Unperfect, Violator), ناتمام (Incomplete, Inconclusive, Partial, Unfinished), ازبین رفتنی . (various references)

   

Finnish

  

imperfekti (past tense), viallinen (defective, faulty), vajavainen (defective), vaillinainen (defective, incomplete), puutteellinen (defective, inadequate, insufficient), epätäydellinen (incomplete). (various references)

   

French

  

imparfait. (various references)

   

German

  

unvollständig (broken, defective, inchoate, incomplete, incompletely, uncompleted), Imperfekt (preterit). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

υποτυπώδησ (substandard, vestigial), ελλιπήσ (defective, short, shy, skimpy), ελλιπής (deficient), ελαττωματικόσ (defective, deficient, faulty), ατελήσ (deficient, half-baked, inchoate, incomplete, sketchy), ατελής (defective). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

לא מושלם (incomplete). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

tökéletlen (cracked, defective, half-baked, incomplete, woody), befejezetlen (half, inchoate, incomplete, unfinished), hiányos (defective, deficient, gappy, insufficient, meagre, scant, scanty, scrimp, scrimpy, void, wanting), hézagos (gappy), folyamatos múlt idő. (various references)

   

Indonesian

  

tidak sempurna (defective), tak sempurna (defective, deficeint), memfasidkan (render), fasid. (various references)

   

Italian

  

imperfetto (defective). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

至らない  (incompetent), 至らない (incompetent), 不十分 (inadequate, insufficient, shortage), 不充分 (inadequate, insufficient, shortage), 不全 (incomplete, partial), 不完全 (defective, faulty, incomplete). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

ふぜん (evil, incomplete, mischief, partial, sin, vice), ふかんぜん (defective, faulty, incomplete), ふじゅうぶん (inadequate, insufficient, shortage), いたらない (incompetent). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

불완전한 (Defective, incomplete). (various references)

   

Manx

  

neuslanjeant, neuslane (incomplete), neuglen (bawdy, dirty), lieh-chiart (odd, rough uncompleted), lheamyssagh (blemished, defaulter, defective, different), chaie. (various references)

   

Norwegian

  

imperfektum, ufullkommen, mangelfull (defective, deficient, faulty). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

imperfectay.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

imperfeito (crude, defective, faulty, imperfective, inchoate, incomplete, incorrect, lacerated, lame, ragged, seamy, unfinished). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

incomplet (abortive, deficient, fragmentary, incomplete, part, partial, partly, unaccomplished, unfinished), imperfect (defective, faulty, ill, incomplete, unfinished), nedesãvârşit (defective, unaccomplished), defectuos (bad, faultily, faulty, vicious). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

несовершенный (defective, imperfective), неполный;несовершенный, неполный (defective, deficient, half, incomplete, partial, parttime), неполноценный (defective), имперфект. (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

imperfekt, nesvršen (imperfective, incomplete, undone, unfinished), nesavršen (nonideal). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

imperfecto (faulty, ragged). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

ofullständig (defective, fragmentary, incomplete, partial), ofullkomlig. (various references)

   

Turkish

  

tamamlanmamış (fragmental, fragmentary, incomplete, outstanding, pendant, pendent, unaccomplished, unachieved, uncompleted, unfilled, unfinished), kusurlu (culpable, defective, faulty, inaccurate, incommensurate, incomplete, malformed, peccant, tainted), hikâye birleşik zamanı, eksik (defective, deficiency, deficient, gappy, inadequate, incommensurate, incompetent, incomplete, insufficient, lacking, lame, less, minus, missing, missing part, out, ragged, scrimp, scrimpy, short, shortfall, shy, sketchy, skimp, skimpy, wanting), bozuk (addle, bad, broken, broken down, bum, damaged, dead, deranged, dirty, disappointed, dished, disordered, distorted, doric, embroiled, faulty, flyblown, foul, gone, hard set, haywire, heavy, hipshot, in bad order, irregular, kaput, knackered, off, on the fritz, out of action, out of commission, out of gear, out of order, perverse, putrefacient, putrefactive, putrid, rancid, rotten, stale, touched, unsound, upset, vicious, wrong). (various references)

   

Ukrainian

  

імперфект, неповний (defective, half, incomplete, short), недосконалий (defective, deficient, faulty, incomplete). (various references)

   

Vietnamese 

  

không hoàn toàn chưa hoàn thành, không hoàn hảo, không hoàn chỉnh. (various references)

   

Welsh

  

anorffennol (uncompleted), amherffaith. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: Imperfect

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Latin500 BCE-Modern

claudamus, claudat, claude, claudent, claudentur, clauderetur, claudet, claudetur, claudeturque, claudi, claudit, clauditis, clausa, clausae, clausas, clauserat, clauserit, clausero, clauserunt, clausi, clausis, clausisset, clausit, clausitque, clauso, clausos, clausum, clausus, claususque, imperfectus, inperfectum. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Imperfect

Derivations

Words beginning with "imperfect": imperfection, imperfections, imperfective, imperfectives, imperfectly, imperfectness, imperfectnesses, imperfects. (additional references)


Misspellings

"Imperfect" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Emperface, inperfect. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Imperfect"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "imperfect" (pronounced i'mper"fikt)
3-i k tconflict, convict, edict, mimicked, panicked, verdict.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Imperfect

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "c-e-e-f-i-m-p-r-t"

-2 letters: emptier, perfect, prefect, receipt.

-3 letters: cerite, cermet, emetic, empire, epimer, fierce, metier, metric, permit, piecer, pierce, premie, recept, recipe, recite, reemit, refect, retime, temper, tierce.

-4 letters: citer, creep, creme, crepe, crept, crime, crimp, cripe, erect, fermi, merit, meter, metre, miter, mitre, peter, piece, price, prime, recti, refit, remet, remit, retem, retie, tempi, terce.

 Words containing the letters "c-e-e-f-i-m-p-r-t"
 

+1 letter: imperfects.

 

+2 letters: imperfectly.

 

+3 letters: imperfection, imperfective.

 

+4 letters: imperfections, imperfectives, imperfectness, perfectionism.

 

+5 letters: perfectionisms.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Modern
5. Usage: Commercial
6. Images: Slideshow
7. Images: Digital Art
8. Quotations: Familiar
9. Quotations: Historic
10. Quotations: Fiction
11. Quotations: Non-fiction
12. Quotations: Speeches
13. Usage Frequency
14. Expressions
15. Expressions: Internet
16. Translations: Modern
17. Translations: Ancient
18. Derivations
19. Rhymes
20. Anagrams
21. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.