Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Image |
ImageNoun1. An iconic mental representation; "her imagination forced images upon her too awful to contemplate". 2. A visual representation of an object or scene or person produced on a surface; "they showed us the pictures of their wedding"; "a movie is a series of images projected so rapidly that the eye integrates them". 3. (Jungian psychology) a personal facade one presents to the world; "a public image is as fragile as Humpty Dumpty". 4. A standard or typical example; "he is the prototype of good breeding"; "he provided America with an image of the good father". 5. Language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense. 6. Someone who closely resembles a famous person (especially an actor); "he could be Gingrich's double"; "she's the very image of her mother". 7. A representation of a person (especially in the form of sculpture); "the coin bears an effigy of Lincoln"; "the emperor's tomb had his image carved in stone". Verb1. Imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind; "I can't see him on horseback!" "I can see what will happen"; "I can see a risk in this strategy". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "image" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Image 1. |
Dream Interpretation | If you dream that you see images, you will have poor success in business or love. To set up an image in your home, portends that you will be weak minded and easily led astray. Women should be careful of their reputation after a dream of this kind. If the images are ugly, you will have trouble in your home. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Industry | Slight deformation of the smoth face of figured glass reproducing main features of the pattern on the other face. Source: European Union. (references) |
Physics | In astronomy, a picture of the sky. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
This article covers mathematics. Other uses of the word function include:
- In sociology, social functions are the basis of functionalism.
- In computer science, a function is a subprogram or subroutine, commonly one intended to directly return a value to its caller. See also functional programming.
The concept of function is fundamental in mathematics and the sciences.
Introduction
Intuitively, a function is a way to assign to each value of the argument x a unique value of the function f(x). This could be specified by a formula, a relationship, and/or a rule. This concept is deterministic, always producing the same result or output from the same input. A function may be thought of as a "machine" or "black box" converting valid input into a unique output.
The most familiar kind of function is that where the argument and the function's value are both numbers, and the functional relationship is expressed by a formula, and the value of the function is obtained from the arguments by direct substitution. Consider for example
which assigns to any number x its square.
A straightforward generalization is to allow functions depending not on a single number, but on several. For instance,
which takes two numbers x and y and assigns to them their product, xy.
In the sciences, we often encounter functions that are not given by (known) formulas. Consider for instance the temperature distribution on Earth over time: this is a function which takes location and time as arguments and gives as output the temperature at that location at that time.
We have seen that the intuitive notion of function is not limited to computations using single numbers and not even limited to computations; the mathematical notion of function is still more general and is not limited to situations involving numbers. Rather, a function links a "domain" (set of inputs) to a "codomain" (set of possible outputs) in such a way that to every element of the domain is associated precisely one element of the codomain. Functions are abstractly defined as certain relations, as will be seen below. Because of this generality, functions appear in a wide variety of mathematical contexts, and several mathematical fields are based on the study of functions.The words "function", "mapping", "map" and "transformation" are usually considered synonymous. Functions whose arguments are natural numbers are better known as sequences.
History
As a mathematical term, "'function\'" was coined by Leibniz in 1694, to describe a quantity related to a curve; such as a curve's slope or a specific point of said curve. Functions related to curves are nowaday called differentiable functions and are still the most frequently type of functions encounted by non-mathematicians. For such kind of functions, one can talk about limits and derivatives; both are measurements of the change of output values associated to a change of input values, and they are the basics of calculus.
The word function was later used by Euler during the mid-18th Century to describe an expression or formula involving various arguments; ie: y = F(x).
During the 19th Century, mathematicians started to formalize all the different branches of mathematics. Weierstrass advocated building calculus on arithmetic rather than on geometry, which favoured Euler's definition over Leibniz's (see arithmetization of analysis).
By broadening the definition of functions, mathematicians were then able to study "strange" mathematical objects such as functions which are nowhere differentiable. Those functions, first thought as purely imaginary and called collectively "monsters" as late as the turn of the 20th century, were later found to be important in the modelling of physical phenomena such as Brownian motion.
Towards the end of the 19th century, mathematicians started trying to formalize all of mathematics using set theory and they sought definitions of every mathematical object as a set. It was Dirichlet that gave the modern "formal" definition of function (see #Formal Definition below).
In Dirichlet's definition, a function is a special case of a relation. In most cases of practical interest, however, the differences between the modern definition and Euler's definition are negligible.
This is not a "well-defined" function; because, the element 3, in X, is associated with two elements b and c in Y (Condition 1 is violated). This is a multivalued function.
This is not a "well-defined" function; because, the element 1, in X , is associated with nothing (Condition 2 is violated). This is a partial function.
This is a function, called a discrete function (or rarely piecewise function); of which the range is {a,c,d}. It can be stated explicitly as
Occasionally, all three relations above are called functions. In this case, the function satisfies Conditions (1) and (2) is said to be a "well-defined function" or "total function". In this encyclopedia, the terms "well-defined function", "total function" and "function" are synonymous.
Domains, Codomains, and Ranges
X, the set of input values, is called the domain of f and Y, the set of possible output values, is called the codomain. The range of f is the set of all actual outputs {f(x) : x in the domain}. Beware that sometimes the codomain is wrongly called the range because of a failure to distinguish between possible and actual values.
In computer science, the datatypes of the arguments and return values specify the domain and codomain (respectively) of a subprogram. So the domain and codomain are constraints imposed initially on a function; on the other hand the range has to do with how things turn out in practice.
Graph of a functions
The graph of a function f is the collection of all points(x, f(x)), for all x in set X. In the example of the discrete function, the graph of f is {(1,a),(2,d),(3,c)}. There are theorems formulated or proved most easily in terms of the graph, such as the closed graph theorem.
If X and Y are real lines, then this definition coincides with the familiar sense of graph. Below is the graph of a cubic function:
Note that since a relation on the two sets X and Y is usually formalized as a subset of X×Y, the formal definition of function actually identifies the function f with its graph.
Images and preimages
The image of an element x∈X under f is the output f(x).
The image of a subset A⊂X under f is the subset of Y defined by
- f(A) := {f(x) : x in A}.
Notice that the range of f is the image f(X) of its domain. In our example of discrete function, the image of {2,3} under f is f({2,3})={c,d} and the range of f is {a,c,d}.The preimage (or inverse image) of a set B ⊂ Y under f is the subset of X defined by
In our example of discrete function, the preimage of {a,b} is f −1({a,b})={1}.
- f −1(B) := {x in X : f(x)∈B}.
Note that with this definiton, f -1 becomes a function whose domain is the set of all subsets of Y (also known as the power set of Y) and whose codomain is the power set of X'.
Some consequences that follow immediately from these definitions are:
These are valid for arbitrary subsets A, A1 and A2 of the domain and arbitrary subsets B, B1 and B2 of the codomain. The results relating images and preimages to the algebra of intersection and union work for any number of sets, not just for 2.
- f(A1 ∪ A2) = f(A1) ∪ f(A2).
- f(A1 ∩ A2) ⊆ f(A1) ∩ f(A2).
- f −1(B1 ∪ B2) = f −1(B1) ∪ f −1(B2).
- f −1(B1 ∩ B2) = f −1(B1) ∩ f −1(B2).
- f(f −1(B)) ⊆ B.
- f −1(f(A)) ⊇ A.
Injective, surjective and bijective functions
Several types of functions are very useful, deserve special names:
- injective (one-to-one) functions send different arguments to different values; in other words, if x and y are members of the domain of f, then f(x) = f(y) if and only if x = y. Our example is an injective function.
- surjective (onto) functions have their range equal to their codomain; in other words, if y is any member of the codomain of f, then there exists at least one x such that f(x) = y.
- bijective functions are both injective and surjective; they are often used to show that the sets X and Y are "the same" in some sense.
Examples of functions
(More can be found at List of functions.)
Most commonly used types of mathematical functions involving addition, division, exponents, logarithms, multiplication, polynomials, radicals, rationals, subtraction, and trigonometric expressions. They are sometimes collectively referred as Elementary functions -- but the meaning of this term varies among different branches of mathematics. Example of non-elementary functions are Bessel functions and gamma functions.
- The relation wght between persons in the United States and their weights.
- The relation between nations and their capitals.
- The relation sqr between natural numbers n and their squares n2.
- The relation ln between positive real numbers x and their natural logarithms ln(x). Note that the relation between real numbers and their natural logarithms is not a function because not every real number has a natural logarithm; that is, this relation is not total and is therefore only a partial function.
- The relation dist between points in the plane R2 and their distances from the origin (0,0).
- The relation grav between a point in the punctured plane R2 \\ {(0,0)} and the vector describing the gravitational force that a certain mass at that point would experience from a certain other mass at the origin (0,0).
n-ary function: function of several variables
Functions in applications are often functions of several variables: the values they take depend on a number of different factors. From a mathematical point of view all the variables must be made explicit in order to have a functional relationship - no 'hidden' factors are allowed. Then, again from the mathematical point of view, there is no qualitative difference between functions of one and of several variables. A function of three real variables is just a function that applies to triples of real numbers. The following paragraph says this in more formal language.
If the domain of a function is a subset of the Cartesian product of n sets then the function is called an n-ary function. For example, the relation dist has the domain R × R and is therefore a binary function. In that case dist((x,y)) is simply written as dist(x,y).
Another name applied to some types of functions of several variables is operation. In abstract algebra, operators such as "*" are defined as binary functions; when we write a formula such as x*y in this context, we are implicitly invoking the function *(x,y), but writing it in a convenient infix notation.
An important theoretical paradigm, functional programming, takes the function concept as central. In that setting, the handling of functions of several variables becomes an operational matter, for which the lambda calculus provides the basic syntax. The composition of functions (see under composing functions immediately below) becomes a question of explicit forms of substitution, as used in the substitution rule of calculus. In particular, a formalism called currying can be used to reduce n-ary functions to functions of a single variable.
Composing functions
The functions f: X → Y and g: Y → Z can be composed by first applying f to an argument x and then applying g to the result. Thus one obtains a function g o f: X → Z defined by (g o f)(x) := g(f(x)) for all x in X. As an example, suppose that an airplane's height at time t is given by the function h(t) and that the oxygen concentration at height x is given by the function c(x). Then (c o h)(t) describes the oxygen concentration around the plane at time t.
If Y⊂X then f may compose with itself; this is sometimes denoted f 2. (Do not confuse it with the notation commonly seen in trigonometry.) The functional powers f of n = f n o f = f n+1 for natural n follow immediately. On their heels comes the idea of functional root; given f and n, find a g such that gn=f. (Feynman illustrated practical use of functional roots in one of his anecdotal books. <which?> Tasked with building an analogue arctan computer and finding its parts overstressed, he instead designed a machine for a functional root <fifth?> of arctan and chained enough copies to make the arctan machine.)
Inverse function
If a function f:X→Y is bijective then preimages of any element y in the codomain Y is a singleton. A function taking y∈Y to its preimage f−1(y) is a well-defined function called the inverse of f and is denoted by f−1.An example of an inverse function, for f(x) = x2, is f(x)−1 = √x. Likewise, the inverse of 2x is x/2. The inverse function is the function that "undoes" its original. See also inverse image.
Pointwise operations
If f: X → R and g: X → R are functions with common domain X and codomain is a ring R, then one can define the sum function f + g: X → R and the product function f × g: X → R as follows:
for all x in X.
- (f + g)(x) := f(x) + g(x);
- (f × g)(x) := f(x) × g(x);
This turns the set of all such functions into a ring. The binary operations in that ring have as domain ordered pairs of functions, and as codomain functions. This is an example of climbing up in abstraction, to functions of more complex types.
By taking some other algebraic structure A in the place of R, we can turn the set of all functions from X to A into an algebraic structure of the same type in an analogous way.
Computable and non-computable functions
The number of computable functions from integers to integers is countable, because number of possible algorithms is. The number of all functions from integers to integers is higher: the same as the cardinality of the real numbers. This argument shows that there are functions from integers to integers that are not computable. For examples of noncomputable functions, see the articles on the halting problem and Rice's theorem.
References
- Visual Calculus by Lawrence S. Husch, University of Tennessee (2001)
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Function."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A function range in mathematics is a description of the possible values produced by a function.Given a function f: A → B, the set f(A) is called the range of f. The range is not to be confused with the codomain B. Generally the range is only a subset of the codomain.
Example
Let the function f be a function on the real numbers:
defined by
- f: R → R
The codomain of f is R, but clearly f(x) never takes negative values, and thus the range is in fact the set R+ -- non-negative reals, ie the interval [0,∞):
- f: x → x2
- 0 ≤ f(x) < ∞
See also: Function codomain, Function domain, Injective, Surjective, Bijective
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Function range."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
An image (from Latin imago) or picture is a visual reproduction of an object or a person, either by using optics (using a camera, mirror, refraction, telescope, microscope, etc.), or by artistic methods such as drawing or painting.See also:
In mathematics, an image is a value or set of values of a function. Specifically, let f be a function from the set X to the set Y. If a is an element of X, then its image under f is the value f(a). If A is a subset of X, then its image under f is defined to be f(A) := {f(a) : a in A}. Finally, the image of f itself is f(X), the same as the range of f. In religion, an image is an idol or icon. In philosophy, an image is a conception or idea. In Comics, Image is a publisher of such characters as Spawn. See Image Comics.
- Imaging
- Raster graphics
- Vector graphics
- Voyager Golden Record
- Disk image: a CR-ROM ISO image or floppy image. It´s a file that contains sector by sector what is in a CD-ROM or floppy.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Image."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Given a category , two objects in it, X and Y and a morphism , an object I is called the image of f if there exists a morphism and a monomorphism such that f=hg and for any object Z with a morphism and a monomorphism such that f=lk, there exists a unique morphism such that k=mg and h=lm.See also universal property.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Image (category theory)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Video is the technology of processing electronic signals representing moving pictures. A major application of video technology is television, but it is also widely used in engineering, scientific, manufacturing, and security applications. Other uses of video have tended to use the video formats designed for television use.
The word video comes from Latin, where it means "I see".
The term video is also used as abbreviation for videotape, as well as for video recorder and video player.
Analog video encoding formats
Analog video broadcast and inter-connection signal standards
- NTSC
- PAL
- SECAM
Analog video tape formats
- RF
- composite video
- component video
- S-Video
- RGB
Digital Video encoding formats
- Ampex
- VERA (BBC)
- U-matic (Sony)
- Betamax (Sony)
- Betacam
- Betacam SP
- VHS (JVC)
- S-VHS (JVC)
- VHS-C (JVC)
- Video 2000 (Philips)
- 8mm tape
- Hi8
Optical disc storage formats:
- CCIR 601
- MPEG-2
- H.261
- H.263
- H.264
- 24p (HiDef film-quality professional video)
- HDTV
Digital Video tape formats
- DVD
- Laserdisc
see also:
- D1 (Sony)
- D2 (Sony)
- D3
- D5
- Digital Betacam (Sony)
- Betacam IMX (Sony)
- DV
- MiniDV
- Digital8 (Sony)
- audio
- Film formats
- List of video topics
- Telecine
- codecs
- timecode
- Television
- Video art
- Closed-circuit television
- Video coding
- Videoconferencing
External link
- http://www.videofonics.com/videofonics/glossary.html
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Video."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
IMAGE | English | Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration | Geography |
| IM | English | Image Matching | Physics |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: ImageSynonyms: double (n), effigy (n), epitome (n), figure (n), figure of speech (n), icon (n), ikon (n), look-alike (n), mental image (n), paradigm (n), persona (n), picture (n), prototype (n), simulacrum (n), trope (n), envision (v), fancy (v), project (v), see (v), visualize (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Copy | Image, picture, photo, xerox, similitude, semblance, ectype, photo offset, electrotype; imitation; model, representation, adumbration, study; portrait; (representation); resemblance. |
Idea | Noun: idea, notion, conception, thought, apprehension, impression, perception, image, gr/eidolon/gr, sentiment, reflection, observation, consideration; abstract idea; archetype, formative notion; guiding conception, organizing conception; image in the mind, regulative principle. |
Idolatry | Idol, golden calf, graven image, fetich, avatar, Juggernath, lares et penates; Baal. |
Metaphor | Phrase; figure, trope, metaphor, enallage, catachresis; metonymy, synecdoche; autonomasia, irony, figurativeness; Adjective: image, imagery; metalepsis, type, anagoge, simile, personification, prosopopoeia, allegory, apologue, parable, fable; allusion, adumbration; application. |
Representation | Picture, photo, photograph, daguerreotype, snapshot; X-ray photo; movie film, movie; tracing, scan, TV image, video image, image file, graphics, computer graphics, televideo, closed-circuit TVerb: |
Image, likeness, icon, portrait, striking likeness, speaking likeness; very image; effigy, facsimile. | |
Similarity | Parallel; simile; type; (metaphor); image; (representation); photograph; close resemblance, striking resemblance, speaking resemblance, faithful likeness, faithful resemblance. |
Exact; (true); lifelike, faithful; true to nature, true to life, the very image, the very picture of; for all the world like, comme deux gouttes d'eau; as like as two peas in a pod, as like as it can stare; instar omnium, cast in the same mold, ridiculously like. | |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | My company sells an image. It's part of my job to live that image (American Beauty; writing credit: Alan Ball) You have been selected as its progenitors, like gods you offspring will return to Earth and shape it in their image. you have all served in public capacties in my terrestrail empire (Moonraker; writing credit: Christopher Wood) Now there's an image (Fight Club; writing credit: Jim Uhls) I've already had someone created in my image. He's evil, he wants to take over the world, and he fits easily into most overhead storage bins (Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me; writing credit: Mike Myers) You know, you're the spitting image of the Aberdeen strangler (The Simpsons; writing credit: Artur Brauner; Paul Hengge) | |
Lyrics | As we explored your image of love (Last Night; performing artist: Az Yet) Lost in an image, in a dream (Lucky; performing artist: Britney Spears) Where the image breaks down (Cars; performing artist: Gary Numan) LOSING LOVE WORRYING ABOUT MY IMAGE (If It Isn't Love; performing artist: New Edition) You got the perfect image (Love Somebody; performing artist: Rick Springfield) | |
Clever | An ounce of image is worth a pound of performance. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | L' Image (1972) Flesh and Voice Image (1970) Beyond Image (1969) Image of the City (1969) The Image (1967) | |
Song Titles | Image of a Girl (performing artist: The Safaris) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
| ||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | White woman from neck to waist wearing a bra, indicating breast reconstruction post mastectomy. Surgery enables women to have a better self image, looking good in clothes, and facilitating psychological readjustment. Credit: Linda Bartlett (photographer). |  | Electron microscopic image of a single human lymphocyte. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |
 | Confocal micrographic image of Bacillus anthracis; Cell walls appear green, while the spores appear red. Credit: CDC. |  | Transmission electron micrograph, negative stain image of the influenza A virus. Credit: CDC. |
 | NOAA-16 Sends Back First Image. Credit: NASA. |  | This Landsat 7 browse image shows the area around New York City including Newark, NJ and Long Island. Credit: NASA. |
 | Global Image of Io. Credit: NASA. |  | Viking 2 Image of Mars Utopian Plain. Credit: NASA. |
 | Ultraviolet image of Jupiter taken by the Wide Field Camera of the Hubble Space Telescope. The ... Credit: NASA. |  | The Hubble telescope has captured an image of an unusual edge-on galaxy, revealing remarkable ... Credit: NASA. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Cockroach Image 11" by Tinder . Commentary: "First of many I plan to upload, Enjoy!." | "Curious self image" by Filip Schneider Commentary: "I see you on the other side." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Ansel Adams | There is nothing worse than a brilliant image of a fuzzy concept. |
Edward Gibbon | Style is the image of character. |
Francis Bacon | Science is but an image of the truth. |
George Bancroft | Beauty itself is but the sensible image of the infinite. |
Goethe | Behavior is a mirror in which every one displays his image. |
Irving Layton | God is indeed dead. He died of self-horror when He saw the creature He had made in His own image. |
Jean Jacques Rousseau | Absolute silence leads to sadness. It is the image of death. |
Shakespeare | Fling away ambition. By that sin angels fell. How then can man, the image of his Maker, hope to win by it? |
William Blake | Everything possible to be believ'd is an image of truth. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | But yet it is to be observed, that though oaths of allegiance and fealty are taken to him, it is not to him as supreme legislator, but as supreme executor of the law, made by a joint power of him with others; allegiance being nothing but an obedience according to law, which when he violates, he has no right to obedience, nor can claim it otherwise than as the public person vested with the power of the law, and so is to be considered as the image, phantom, or representative of the common-wealth, acted by the will of the society, declared in its laws; and thus he has no will, no power, but that of the law. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | In one word, it creates a world after its own image. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Flight to Arras | Antoine de Saint-Exupery | A rock pile ceases to be a rock pile the moment a single man contemplates it, bearing within him the image of a cathedral |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | This image, so nearly identical with the living Pearl, seemed to communicate somewhat of its own shadowy and intangible quality to the child herself |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | It had this wretched fate, that it recalled neither the image of a great war nor of a great policy |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | He bore cynically with the shameful details of his secret riots in which he exulted to defile with patience whatever image had attracted his eyes |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | The image of the mountain and the light coming over it were reflected in their eyes |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Click the image to see a high-resolution version. (references) | |
To help produce a sharp image, the lens must remain clear. (references) | ||
An x-ray image of the bladder and urethra made during voiding. (references) | ||
Business | Some use conventional film and some are digital image recorders. (references) | |
This group appears to be more conscious of their image and appearance. (references) | ||
The U.S. has a different image for Argentine travelers than does Europe. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Liberia | The Government continued to charge that its opponents used the Internet to wage a propaganda war; however, in August the Minister of Information stated that the Government would use the Internet to promote a positive image of the country. (references) |
Malaysia | In May the Government reportedly prohibited 78 citizens from traveling abroad claiming that they had "tarnished the country's image while abroad." Deputy Home Minister Datuk Zainal Abidin Zin told Parliament that the individuals in question had been "blacklisted" and would not be issued passports. (references) | |
Economic History | India | They will project a professional image, backed by well-qualified staff. (references) |
Human Rights | Argentina | Among other provisions, the law provides for legislative oversight over government intelligence activities and prohibits unauthorized interception of telephone, postal, facsimile, or other voice or image transmissions as well as other kinds of information, files, and private documents. (references) |
China | In what some experts have described as an attempt by authorities to tarnish the public image of the democracy movement, officials have accused a number of democracy activists of soliciting prostitutes, distributing pornographic videos, petty theft, or other crimes unrelated to their political activities. (references) | |
Minorities | Slovak Republic | It also created an Interministerial Committee and launched a public relations campaign to improve the image of the office and the Roma minority in general. (references) |
Political Economy | Switzerland | The Federal Council strives to present a collegial image and to govern by consensus. (references) |
India | To deal with this, BJP leaders have projected a "swadeshi" or nationalist image, and called for India to be built by Indians. (references) | |
Kenya | The sacking of most of these reformers in early 2001 did little to help Kenya's image or its prospects for continued reform or further funding. (references) | |
Political Rights | Belarus | However, most of the irregularities were not immediately apparent, creating the false image of an orderly polling station. (references) |
Trade | Burma | Certain images, such as a Buddha image or the national flag, cannot be used on labels or trademarks. (references) |
Russia | State Owned Banks: Some state financial institutions are taking on the role of commercial banks and project an image of stability and prestige. (references) | |
Women | Jamaica | They are concerned with a wide range of issues, including violence against women, political representation, employment, and the image of women presented in the media. (references) |
Malaysia | Terrengganu's executive counselor in charge of women's and non-Muslim's affairs claimed that the dress code was designed to protect the image of Muslim women and to promote Islam as a way of life. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | REDRESS, n. Reparation without satisfaction. Among the Anglo-Saxon a subject conceiving himself wronged by the king was permitted, on proving his injury, to beat a brazen image of the royal offender with a switch that was afterward applied to his own naked back. The latter rite was performed by the public hangman, and it assured moderation in the plaintiff's choice of a switch. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Robert Novak | But almost all the Democrats I've talked to, sir, believe that the party, to win, must have an image in the middle of the road, such as Bill Clinton provided. Do you disagree with that. |
Rudolph Giuliani | I see myself as me. I mean, I'm a direct person. I tell you what I think. I'm an honest person. And I just see myself as me. And then everybody else has to figure out what my image is. |
Rush Limbaugh | Bill Corr, Executive Vice President of the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, said Philip Morris is trying to improve its public image without making any changes in the way it does business. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | We believe that all men are created equal because they are created in the image of God. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | What kind of nation we will be, what kind of world we will live in, whether we shape the future in the image of our hopes, is ours to determine by our actions and our choices. |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | I know this is in our reach because we are guided by a power larger than ourselves who creates us equal in His image. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Image" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.81% of the time. "Image" is used about 7,467 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.81% | 7,453 | 1,298 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 0.08% | 6 | 143,867 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.07% | 5 | 157,705 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 0.04% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Total | 100.00% | 7,467 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "image". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Timnath | N/A | Biblical | Image |
| Timnath-heres | N/A | Biblical | Image of the sun |
| Zalmon | N/A | Biblical | His image |
| Zalmonah | N/A | Biblical | His image |
| Zalmunna | N/A | Biblical | Image |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
| Country | Name |
| USA | Image Entertainment, Inc. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "image": Advanced algorithms and architectures for speech and image processing ♦ after image ♦ apparent image ♦ auditory image ♦ bitonal image ♦ Body Image ♦ conjugate image points ♦ corresponding image points ♦ dent smb.'s image ♦ direct image film ♦ Direct image substitution ♦ distorted image ♦ document Image Processing ♦ double image ♦ Double image micrometer ♦ duotone image ♦ duotype image ♦ echo image ♦ Electrical image ♦ electronic image ♦ electronic image processing ♦ focus to image receptor distance ♦ following image of von Kries ♦ frightful image ♦ Ghost Image ♦ graven image ♦ grey level image ♦ ideal image ♦ image aspect ratio ♦ image breaker ♦ image building ♦ image card ♦ image compression ♦ image converted tube ♦ Image Cytometry ♦ image degradation ♦ image displacement ♦ image enhancement ♦ image file ♦ image formats ♦ image geometry ♦ Image graver ♦ image improvement ♦ image in the mind ♦ image interpretation ♦ image line ♦ Image magick ♦ Image maker ♦ image map ♦ image mapping ♦ image motion compensation ♦ image of a god ♦ image orthicon ♦ image point ♦ image processing ♦ Image Purkinje ♦ image recognition ♦ image reconstruction ♦ image regeneration ♦ image reversal ♦ image scanner ♦ image script ♦ image substraction ♦ image understanding ♦ Image worship ♦ imagination image ♦ inline image ♦ interlaced image ♦ interlaced video image ♦ intermediate image ♦ inverted image ♦ latent image ♦ laterally reversed image ♦ memory image ♦ mental image ♦ mirror image ♦ molten image ♦ movement of the image ♦ multiple image ♦ negative appearing image ♦ oursuant image of von Kries ♦ pilot European Image Processing Archive ♦ positive appearing image ♦ Purkinje image ♦ radiographic image ♦ Radiographic Image Enhancement ♦ radiological image ♦ Raster Image File Format ♦ raw image ♦ real image ♦ retinal image ♦ save image ♦ scanned image ♦ scanned image file ♦ second Nth generation image ♦ single Image Random Dot Stereogram ♦ source to image distance ♦ spit and image of ♦ spitting image ♦ still image ♦ tagged Image File Format. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "image": image-above-all-else, image-analysed, image-analysis, image-based, image-battering, image-blocker, image-breaker', image-breakers, image-breaking, image-builder, image-building, image-centred, image-concept, image-conjuring, image-conscious, image-construction, image-created, image-data, image-denting, image-editing, image-enhanced, image-erected, image-forming, image-generator, image-handling, image-led, image-maker, image-makers, image-making, Image-music-text, image-processing, image-producing, image-projection, image-projector, image-ridden, image-schema, image-sensor, image-songs, image-space, image-style, image-to-map, image-understanding, image-wise, image-worship. | |
Ending with "image": bit-image, body-image, mirror-image, single-image, sound-image. | |
Containing "image": mirror-image relation, perception-image-memory-illusion. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
image | 13,570 | tattoo image | 534 |
sharper image | 5,390 | anime image | 533 |
satellite image | 3,268 | image comic | 530 |
image gallery | 2,792 | 3d image | 506 |
funny image | 2,241 | image bank | 479 |
image processing | 1,602 | image hosting | 477 |
free image | 1,550 | image check | 472 |
google image | 1,369 | image viewer | 408 |
image search | 1,188 | rurouni kenshin image | 402 |
image satellite weather | 1,131 | dragonball z image | 398 |
free image hosting | 1,078 | sailor moon image | 394 |
computer image | 1,064 | image editor | 384 |
stock image | 1,013 | google image search | 378 |
getty image | 954 | gif image | 371 |
digital image | 918 | space image | 367 |
drive image | 839 | sex image | 362 |
