| Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) A hypertext document format used on the World-Wide Web. HTML is built on top of SGML. "Tags" are embedded in the text. A tag consists of a "<", a "directive" (case insensitive), zero or more parameters and a ">". Matched pairs of directives, like "" and "" are used to delimit text which is to appear in a special place or style. Links to other documents are in the form foo where "A" and "/A" delimit an "anchor", "HREF" introduces a hypertext reference, which is most often a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) (the string in double quotes in the example above). The link will be represented in the browser by the text "foo" (typically shown underlined and in a different colour). A certain place within an HTML document can be marked with a named anchor, e.g.: The "fragment identifier", "baz", can be used in an HREF by appending "#baz" to the document name. Other common tags include <P> for a new paragraph, <B>.. for bold text, <UL> for an unnumbered list, <PRE> for preformated text, <H1>, <H2> .. <H6> for headings. HTML supports some standard SGML national characters and other non-ASCII characters through special escape sequences, e.g. "é" for a lower case 'e' with an acute accent. You can sometimes get away without the terminating semicolon but it's bad style. The World-Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the international standards body for HTML. Latest version: XHTML 1.0, as of 2000-09-10. Home (http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/). Character escape sequences (http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/MarkUp/ISOlat1.html). See also weblint. (2000-09-10). <span style="background-color: #FFFFCC">Source: <a href="../../../credits/foldoc.html#" target="new" onclick="window.open('../../../credits/foldoc.html','','toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0,status=0,scrollbars=1,resizable=0,copyhistory=0,menuBar=0,width=600,height=400'); return(false);">The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing</a>.</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" valign="top" style="border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: gray"><p align="center"><span style="background-color: #FFFFCC">Source: compiled by <a href="../../../credits/editor.html#" target="new" onclick="window.open('../../../credits/editor.html','Editor','toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0,status=0,scrollbars=1,resizable=0,copyhistory=0,menuBar=0,width=600,height=400'); return(false);">the editor</a> from <A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=dictionary&mode=books" target="_blank">various references</A>; see credits.</span></p></td></tr></table></div><p align="right"><span style="background-color: #f1f1fd"><a href="#top">Top</a></span> </p><div align="center"><table width="90%"><tr><td><a name="Synonyms"></a><h2 align="center">Synonym: Hypertext Markup Language</h2><b>Synonym:</b> HTML (n). (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=synonyms&mode=books" target="_blank">additional references</a>)</td></tr></table></div><p align="right"><span style="background-color: #f1f1fd"><a href="#top">Top</a></span> </p><H2 align="center"><a name="Commercial"></a>Commercial Usage: Hypertext Markup Language</H3><div align="center"><table width="90%"><tr><td width="10%" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: gray"><b>Domain</b></td><td width="80%" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: gray"><b>Title</b></td></tr></ul></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Books</h4></td><td valign="top"><ul style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><li><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Html Reference Cards: <b>Hypertext Markup Language</b> (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Html Reference Cards&mode=books" target="_blank">reference</a>)</p><p style="margin-left: 35; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">(more <A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Hypertext Markup Language&mode=books" target="_blank">book</a> examples)</p></ul></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" valign="top" style="border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: gray"><p align="center"><span style="background-color: #FFFFCC">Source: compiled by <a href="../../../credits/editor.html#" target="new" onclick="window.open('../../../credits/editor.html','Editor','toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0,status=0,scrollbars=1,resizable=0,copyhistory=0,menuBar=0,width=600,height=400'); return(false);">the editor</a> from <A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Hypertext Markup Language&mode=blended" target="_blank">various references</A>; see credits.</span></p></table></div><p align="right"><span style="background-color: #f1f1fd"><a href="#top">Top</a></span> </p><a name="NonFictUsage"></a><H2 align="center">Non-Fiction Usage: Hypertext Markup Language</H3><div align="center"><table width="90%"><tr><td width="15%" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: gray"><b>Subject</b></td><td width="15%" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: gray"><b>Topic</b></td><td width="70%" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: gray"><b>Quote</b></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><a href="http://www.icongrouponline.com/" target="_blank">Business</a></h4></td><td valign="top"></td><td valign="top"><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Movilnet reportedly signed a USD 200 million contract with Ericsson in December of 1999 to this end. They are slated to launch a new Ericsson R280d telephone that will permit clients to access the Internet in either WAP or <b>Hypertext Markup Language</b> (HTML) format, which will be called Tun-Tun WAP. The service costs a flat rate of USD 7.00 a month for unlimited Internet access using the pre-paid card format. (<a href="http://www.icongrouponline.com/" target="_Blank">references</a>)</p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" style="border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: gray" colspan="3"><p align="center"><span style="background-color: #FFFFCC">Source: compiled by <a href="../../../credits/editor.html#" target="new" onclick="window.open('../../../credits/editor.html','Editor','toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0,status=0,scrollbars=1,resizable=0,copyhistory=0,menuBar=0,width=600,height=400'); return(false);">the editor</a> from <A HREF="http://www.icongrouponline.com/" target="_blank">ICON Group International, Inc.</A>; see credits.</span></p></td></tr></table></div><p align="right"><span style="background-color: #f1f1fd"><a href="#top">Top</a></span> </p><a name="InternetFrequency"></a><H2 align="center">Frequency of Internet Keywords: Hypertext Markup Language</H2><div align="center"><table width="90%" cellpadding="3"><tr><td>The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at <A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Hypertext Markup Language&mode=blended" target="_blank">Amazon.com</A>.<br> </td></tr></table></div><table width="50%" align="center" cellpadding="4"><tr><td width="35%" valign="bottom" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: gray"><b>Expression</b></td><td width="10%" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: gray" align="right"><b>Frequency<br>per Day</b></td></tr><tr><td><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=hypertext markup language&mode=blended" target="_blank">hypertext markup language</a></h4></td><td align="right">18</td></tr><tr><td><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=html hypertext markup language&mode=blended" target="_blank">html hypertext markup language</a></h4></td><td align="right">12</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" valign="top" style="border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: gray" align="center"><span style="background-color: #FFFFCC">Source: compiled by <a href="../../../credits/editor.html#" target="new" onclick="window.open('../../../credits/editor.html','Editor','toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0,status=0,scrollbars=1,resizable=0,copyhistory=0,menuBar=0,width=600,height=400'); return(false);">the editor</a> from <A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=english expressions&mode=books" target="_blank">various references</A>; see credits.</span></td></tr></table><p align="right"><span style="background-color: #f1f1fd"><a href="#top">Top</a></span> </p><a name="MTranslation"></a><H2 align="center">Modern Translations: Hypertext Markup Language</H2><!--Insert Trans Disclaimer--><div align="center"><table width="90%"><tr><td width="10%" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: gray"><b>Language</b></td><td width="8%" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: gray"> </td><td width="72%" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: gray"><b>Translations for "hypertext markup language"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.</b></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Chinese <a href="../../../credits/languages.htm#" target="new" onclick="window.open('../../../credits/languages.htm','','toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0,status=0,scrollbars=1,resizable=0,copyhistory=0,menuBar=0,width=600,height=400'); return(false);"><img src="../../../coreimages/warning.jpg" width="10" height="10"></a></font></h4></td><td valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><B>超文本標記語言 </b> (HTML). (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Dictionary Chinese&mode=books" target="_blank">various references</a>)</p></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Danish</h4></td><td valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><B>hyper text markup language</b> (HTML), <B>HTML</b> (HTML). (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Dictionary Danish&mode=books" target="_blank">various references</a>)</p></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Dutch</h4></td><td valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><B>hypertext markup language</b> (HTML), <B>HTML</b> (HTML). (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Dictionary Dutch&mode=books" target="_blank">various references</a>)</p></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Finnish</h4></td><td valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><B>hypertekstin ohjelmointikieli</b> (HTML), <B>HTML-kieli</b> (HTML), <B>HTML</b> (HTML). (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Dictionary Finnish&mode=books" target="_blank">various references</a>)</p></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">French</h4></td><td valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><B>HTML</b>, <B>langage de balisage hypertexte</b>. (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Dictionary French&mode=books" target="_blank">various references</a>)</p></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">German</h4></td><td valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><B>Hypertext-Markup-Language</b> (HTML), <B>Hypertext-Markierungssprache</b> (HTML), <B>Hypertext-Auszeichnungssprache</b> (HTML), <B>HTML</b> (HTML). (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Dictionary German&mode=books" target="_blank">various references</a>)</p></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Greek <a href="../../../credits/languages.htm#" target="new" onclick="window.open('../../../credits/languages.htm','','toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0,status=0,scrollbars=1,resizable=0,copyhistory=0,menuBar=0,width=600,height=400'); return(false);"><img src="../../../coreimages/warning.jpg" width="10" height="10"></a></font></h4></td><td valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><B>γλώσσα υπερκειμενικής σήμανσης</b> (HTML). (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Dictionary Greek&mode=books" target="_blank">various references</a>)</p></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Pig Latin</h4></td><td valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><B>ypertexthay arkupmay anguagelay<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Portuguese</h4></td><td valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><B>HTML</b> (HTML), <B>linguagem de marcação de hipertexto</b> (HTML). (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Dictionary Portuguese&mode=books" target="_blank">various references</a>)</p></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><h4 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Spanish</h4></td><td valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><B>HTML</b> (HTML), <B>Lenguaje de Marcas de Hipertexto</b> (HTML), <B>Lenguaje de Marcado de Hipertexto</b> (HTML). (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Dictionary Spanish&mode=books" target="_blank">various references</a>)</p></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="3" valign="top" style="border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: gray"><span style="background-color: #FFFFCC">Source: compiled by <a href="../../../credits/editor.html#" target="new" onclick="window.open('../../../credits/editor.html','Editor','toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0,status=0,scrollbars=1,resizable=0,copyhistory=0,menuBar=0,width=600,height=400'); return(false);">the editor</a> from <A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Dictionary English&mode=books" target="_blank">various translation references</a>.</span></td></tr></table></div><p align="right"><span style="background-color: #f1f1fd"><a href="#top">Top</a></span> </p><a name="Derivations"></a><H2 align="center" style="margin-bottom:0">Misspellings: Hypertext Markup Language</H2><div align="center"><table width="90%" cellpadding="4"><tr><td colspan="2"><h4>Misspellings</h4></td></tr><tr><td width="3%"></td><td><p align="justify" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><b>"Hypertext Markup Language" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following:</b> hypertaxt markup language. (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=spelling&mode=books" target="_blank">additional references</a>)</p></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="2"><span style="background-color: #FFFFCC">Source: compiled by <a href="../../../credits/editor.html#" target="new" onclick="window.open('../../../credits/editor.html','Editor','toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0,status=0,scrollbars=1,resizable=0,copyhistory=0,menuBar=0,width=600,height=400'); return(false);">the editor</a>, based on several corpora (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=spelling&mode=books" target="_blank">additional references</a>).</span></td></tr></table></div><p align="right"><span style="background-color: #f1f1fd"><a href="#top">Top</a></span> </p><a name="Orthography"></a><H2 align="center">Alternative Orthography: Hypertext Markup Language<br></H2><div align="center"><table width="90%" cellpadding="4"><br><tr><td valign="top"><font size="+1"><b>Hexadecimal</b> (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s)</font> (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Hexadecimal&mode=books" target="_blank">references</A>)<h3 align="center">48 79 70 65 72 74 65 78 74 4D 61 72 6B 75 70 4C 61 6E 67 75 61 67 65</h3></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><font size="+1"><b>Leonardo da Vinci</b> (1452-1519; backwards)</font> (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Leonardo da Vinci&mode=books" target="_blank">references</A>)<p align="center"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/E.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/G.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/A.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/U.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/G.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/N.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/A.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/L.jpg" width="25" height="99"> <img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/P.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/U.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/K.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/R.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/A.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/M.jpg" width="25" height="99"> <img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/T.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/X.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/E.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/T.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/R.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/E.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/P.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/Y.jpg" width="25" height="99"><img src="../../../coreimages/Misc/Leonardo/H.jpg" width="25" height="99"></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><font size="+1"><b>Binary Code</b> (1918-1938, probably earlier)</font> (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Binary Code&mode=books" target="_blank">references</A>)<h3 align="center">01001000 01111001 01110000 01100101 01110010 01110100 01100101 01111000 01110100 00100000 01001101 01100001 01110010 01101011 01110101 01110000 00100000 01001100 01100001 01101110 01100111 01110101 01100001 01100111 01100101</h3></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><font size="+1"><b>HTML Code</b> (1990)</font> (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=HTMl Code&mode=books" target="_blank">references</A>)<h3 align="center">H y p e r t e x t   M a r k u p   L a n g u a g e</h3></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><font size="+1"><b>ISO 10646</b> (1991-1993)</font> (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=ISO 10646&mode=books" target="_blank">references</A>)<h3 align="center">0048 0079 0070 0065 0072 0074 0065 0078 0074 004D 0061 0072 006B 0075 0070 004C 0061 006E 0067 0075 0061 0067 0065</h3></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><font size="+1"><b>Encryption</b> (beginner's substitution cypher):</font> (<A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/external-search?tag=icongroupinterna&keyword=Encryption&mode=books" target="_blank">references</A>)<h3 align="center">429182718486719086247678477878224667807387677371</h3></td></tr></table></div><p align="right"><span style="background-color: #f1f1fd"><a href="#top">Top</a></span> </p><a name="Biblio"></a><script language="javascript" src="/js/xparse.asp?q=Hypertext Markup Language&sec=importtxt"></script><script language="javascript" src="/js/xparse.asp?sec=init"></script><script language="javascript" src="/js/xparse.asp?q=Hypertext Markup Language&sec=trade&mode=auction"></script><script language="javascript" src="/js/xparse.asp?q=Hypertext Markup Language&sec=importword"></script><script language="javascript" src="/js/xparse.asp?q=Hypertext Markup Language&sec=articles"></script><script language="javascript" id=sup></script><script language="javascript" src="/js/xparse.asp?sec=support&q=Hypertext Markup Language"></script><center><script type="text/javascript"> google_alternate_ad_url="http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/js/googlead.asp?kw=Hypertext Markup Language";google_ad_client="pub-7500086874932040"; google_ad_width=728; google_ad_height=90; google_ad_format="728x90_as"; google_color_border="336699"; google_color_bg="FFFFFF";google_color_link="0000FF";google_color_url="008000"; google_color_text="000000"; </script><script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"></script></td></tr></table></div><p> </p><SCRIPT language=JavaScript src="../../../js/FloatingMenu.js" type=text/javascript></SCRIPT><SCRIPT language=JavaScript>addmenu(menu=["FloatMenu",,,185,1,"",style2,,"left",effect,,,,,,,,,,,,," <b>H</b>ypertext markup language (Back to Top)","#Top",,,0," <b>D</b>efinition","#Definitions",,,0," <b>S</b>ynonyms","#Synonyms",,,0," <b>U</b>sage: Commercial","#Commercial",,,0," <b>Q</b>uotations: Non-fiction","#NonFictUsage",,,0," <b>E</b>xpressions: Internet","#InternetFrequency",,,0," <b>T</b>ranslations: Modern","#MTranslation",,,0," <b>D</b>erivations","#Derivations",,,0," <b>O</b>rthography","#Orthography",,,0," <b>B</b>ibliography","#Biblio",,,0]);dumpmenus()</SCRIPT><SCRIPT language=JavaScript src="../../../js/MainMenu.js" type=text/javascript></SCRIPT><SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript">var rotate_delay = 3000; </SCRIPT><h4 align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#800000" size="4">INDEX</font><br></h4><font size="1"><div align="center" style="margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0"><table border="1" bgcolor="#e5f6ff" bordercolor="#FFFFFF"><tr><td valign="top"><font size="2"><b> 1.</b> <a href="#Definitions">Definition</a></font> <br><font size="2"><b> 2.</b> <a href="#Synonyms">Synonyms</a></font> <br><font size="2"><b> 3.</b> <a href="#Commercial">Usage: Commercial</a></font> <br><font size="2"><b> 4.</b> <a href="#NonFictUsage">Quotations: Non-fiction</a></font> </td><td valign="top"><font size="2"><b> 5.</b> <a href="#InternetFrequency">Expressions: Internet</a></font> <br><font size="2"><b> 6.</b> <a href="#MTranslation">Translations: Modern</a></font> <br><font size="2"><b> 7.</b> <a href="#Derivations">Derivations</a></font> <br><font size="2"><b> 8.</b> <a href="#Orthography">Orthography</a></font> </td><td valign="top"><font size="2"><b> 9.</b> <a href="#Biblio">Bibliography</a></font> </td></tr></table></div></font><br><br><center><form style="margin-bottom: 0" action="/search/" method="POST"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tr><td rowspan="3" width="50%"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0" align="right"><img border="0" src="/coreimages/MISC/webster.gif" width="60" height="70"> </p></td><script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript" src="/js/sbox.asp"></script></table></form></center><p align="center" style="margin-top: 4"><font size="1">Copyright © <script language="Javascript" src="/js/date.js"></script> Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. <a href="../../../credits/termsofuse.html">Terms of Use</a>.</font></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><!-- GBox !--><div align="center"><table width="90%"><tr><td><b>Note to the press & webmasters</b> - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions:<br>woordeboek, fjalor, معجم, قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 字引 , じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , 사 , dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for <b>dictionary</b>;<br>definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, الوضوحية في الشيء, حد, تحديد, تعريف, التحديد, الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for <b>definition</b>;<br>vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ترجمة, إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for <b>translation</b>;<br>Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, الصينية, لغة الصين, صيني, الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, Chinu, китайски, Ininsik, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kinesiskt, kinverskur, kiinalainen, Chinois, Sineesk, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, Kínverji, Sínis, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Cina, Sheenish, Sheenagh, Hainamana, chines, Chińczyk, chinês, chinés, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, Saina, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, snesi, sneysi, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита"ць, for <b>Chinese</b>;<br>Deens, danisht, danishte, لغة الدانمركية, نوع كعك, دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for <b>Danish</b>;<br>Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, هولندي, اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, "ול "י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란", Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b xã", for <b>Dutch</b>;<br>Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, اللغة الفنلندية, فنلندية, فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for <b>Finnish</b>;<br>Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, فرنسي, اللغة الفرنسية, الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for <b>French</b>;<br>Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ضرب من الرقص, جرماني, المانية, الماني, اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for <b>German</b>;<br>Grieks, Griek, الإغريقي, يوناني, اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b gi gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for <b>Greek</b>;<br>Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, اللغة البرتغالية, البرتغالية, البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for <b>Portuguese</b>;<br>Spaans, Spaanse taal, spanjoll, اللغة الأسبانية, الأسبانية, أسباني, испански език, испански, espanyoles, Espanyol, 西班牙语, 西班牙文 , 西班牙語 , španìlský, španìlština, spanskt, espanjalainen, espagnol, Spaansk, spanisch, ισπανικά, ισπανικόσ, ισπανοί, karaiñe'êmegua, ספר"ית, ספר"י, spanyol, SpÚinnis, spagnolo, スペイン語 , スパイ罪 , スペイン", スパニッシュ , 스페인, Spaainagh, Spaainish, spañó, espanhol, espanhòl, spaniolesc, spanioleşte, spaniol, испанский, Sipaniolo, španski jezik, španski, español, spanska språk, spansk, ispanyollar, ispanyolca, ispanyol, іспанська мова, іспанський, for <b>Spanish</b>;<br></td></tr></table></div><!-- COMPLETE !-->
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