Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Hydrofluoric Acid |
Hydrofluoric AcidNoun1. A weak poisonous liquid acid; formed by solution of hydrogen fluoride in water. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
| Domain | Definitions |
Chemistry | Colourless, fuming, mobile liquid that will attack glass and any silica-containing material. Source: European Union. (references) |
Health | A solution of hydrogen fluoride in water. It is a colorless fuming liquid which can cause painful burns. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
General
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|---|---|
| Name | Hydrogen fluoride |
| Chemical formula | HF |
| Appearance | Colorless gas |
Physical properties
|
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| Formula weight | 20.1 amu |
| Melting point | 190 K (-83 °C) |
| Boiling point | 294 K (19.5 °C) |
| Density | 0.97 ×103 kg/m3 (liquid) |
| Solubility | miscible with water |
Thermochemistry
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|
| ΔfH0gas | ? kJ/mol |
| ΔfH0liquid | ? kJ/mol |
| ΔfH0solid | ? kJ/mol |
| S0gas, 1 bar | ? J/mol·K |
| S0liquid, 1 bar | ? J/mol·K |
| S0solid | ? J/mol·K |
Safety
| |
| Ingestion | Toxic, can be fatal. |
| Inhalation | Highly toxic, can result in pulmonary edema. |
| Skin | Causes severe burns. Absorbs through skin to cause nerve, bone and organ damage. |
| Eyes | Extremely dangerous. |
|
SI units were used where possible. Unless otherwise stated, standard conditions were used.
Disclaimer and references | |
Hydrofluoric acid is a highly corrosive solution of the chemical compound hydrogen fluoride in water. Pure hydrogen fluoride is often called anhydrous hydrofluoric acid. While hydrofluoric acid is a weak acid, it has the unique ability to dissolve almost all inorganic oxides, and so it is nonetheless very corrosive towards glass and must be stored in metal or plastic containers. In the human body, hydrofluoric acid reacts with calcium and damages nerves, bone, and several organs including the heart and kidneys. As such, exposure to hydrofluoric acid requires immediate and specific medical attention.
Hydrofluoric acid is also used in the synthesis of many fluorine-containing organic compounds, including teflon and refrigerants such as freon.
First aid for hydrofluoric acid exposure consists of rubbing a calcium gluoconate gel into the exposed area of the body. In more severe cases, a calcium-containing solution may be injected into the affected region. In all cases, hydrofluoric acid exposure requires immediate professional medical attention.
Exposure of less than 10% of the body can be fatal, even with immediate medical treatment. [1]Production
Industrially, hydrofluoric acid is produced from the mineral fluorspar, also known as calcium fluoride (chemical formula CaF2) and concentrated sulfuric acid. When combined at 250°C, these two substances react to produce hydrogen fluoride according to the chemical equation
The vapors from this reaction are a mixture of hydrogen fluoride, sulfuric acid, and a few minor byproducts, from which hydrogen fluoride can be isolated by distillation.Uses
Hydrofluoric acid's ability to dissolve oxides makes it important in the purification of both aluminum and uranium. It is also used to etch glass, to remove surface oxides from silicon in the semiconductor industry, and to remove oxide impurities from stainless steel in a process called pickling.Safety
In the body, hydrofluoric acid reacts with calcium and magnesium ions and can disable organs whose proper function depends on these metals. Exposure to hydrofluoric acid may not be initially painful, and symptoms may not occur until several hours later, when the acid begins to react with calcium in the bones. If left untreated, hydrofluoric acid exposure can result in severe or even lethal damage to the heart, liver, kidneys, and nerves.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Hydrofluoric acid."
Crosswords: Hydrofluoric Acid |
| English words defined with "hydrofluoric acid": fluoride, Fluoridic acid ♦ Hydracid, Hydrofluoric, hydrogen fluoride. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "hydrofluoric acid": bromine etch, buffered oxide etch ♦ copper soup, CP4 etch ♦ etch method, etch time ♦ GLASS CALIBRATOR, glass etcher ♦ number 1 etch, number one etch ♦ OPTICAL-GLASS ETCHER ♦ Salier etch, staining etch. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
hydrofluoric acid | 45 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "hydrofluoric acid"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | hydrogenfluorid (fluorhydric acid, hydrogen fluoride), flussyre (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, fluorhydric acid, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution), fluorbrintesyre (fluorhydric acid, hydrogen fluoride). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | fluorwaterstofzuur (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, fluorhydric acid, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | vetyfluoridi (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | HF (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution), fluorure d'hydrogène (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution), acide hydrofluorique (hydrogen fluoride), acide fluorhydrique (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Flussäure (fluorhydric acid, hydrogen fluoride), Fluorwasserstoffsäure (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, fluorhydric acid, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution), Flußsäure (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | υδροφθορικό οξύ (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, fluorhydric acid, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | acido fluoridrico (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, fluorhydric acid, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 弗化水 酸 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | ふっかすいそさ". (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | ydrofluorichay aciday ácido fluorídrico (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, fluorhydric acid, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution). (various references) фтористоводородная/плавиковая кислота, плавиковая кислота. (various references) ácido fluorhídrico (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, fluorhydric acid, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution). (various references) fluorvätesyra (derivation:dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water to various concentrations, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride in aqueous solution). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scrabble® YAWL-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-c-d-d-f-h-i-i-l-o-o-r-r-u-y" | |
-4 letters: hydrofluoric. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)48 79 64 72 6F 66 6C 75 6F 72 69 63 41 63 69 64 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
|
Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001000 01111001 01100100 01110010 01101111 01100110 01101100 01110101 01101111 01110010 01101001 01100011 00100000 01000001 01100011 01101001 01100100 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)H y d r o f l u o r i c   A c i d |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0048 0079 0064 0072 006F 0066 006C 0075 006F 0072 0069 0063 0041 0063 0069 0064 |
Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)429170848172788781847569235697570 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Commercial 4. Expressions: Internet | 5. Translations: Modern 6. Anagrams 7. Orthography 8. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
| Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions: woordeboek, fjalor, معجم, قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 字引 , じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , 사 , dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for dictionary; definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, الوضوحية في الشيء, حد, تحديد, تعريف, التحديد, الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition; vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ترجمة, إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation; Deens, danisht, danishte, لغة الدانمركية, نوع كعك, دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish; Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, هولندي, اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, "ול "י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란", Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b xã", for Dutch; Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, اللغة الفنلندية, فنلندية, فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for Finnish; Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, فرنسي, اللغة الفرنسية, الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French; Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ضرب من الرقص, جرماني, المانية, الماني, اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German; 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Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, اللغة البرتغالية, البرتغالية, البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for Portuguese; Russies, Rus, الروسية, روسي, اللغة الروسية, Rusu, руски, руски език, руснак, Rusyan, 俄語 , 俄语, 俄文 , ruština, ruský, russer, russur, russiskt, venäläinen, Russysk, Russe, russisch, Ρώσος, רוסי, orosz, rússneskur, Rússi, Rúisis, russo, ロシア語 , ロシア", 러시아, Rooshish, Rooshagh, russisk, Rosjanin, русский, Lusia, ruski jezik, ruski, ruso, sí-Rashîya, ryss, ชาวรัสเซีย, rusça, росіянка, росіянин, російська мова, російський, người Nga tiếng Nga, for Russian; 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