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Definitions: Hardness |
HardnessNoun1. The property of being rigid and resistant to pressure; not easily scratched; measured on Mohs scale. 2. Devoid of passion or feeling. 3. The quality of being difficult to do; "he assigned a series of problems of increasing hardness". 4. Excessive sternness; "severity of character"; "the harshness of his punishment was inhuman"; "the rigors of boot camp". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "hardness" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
Note: Hardness \Hard"ness\, noun. [from Anglo-Saxon expression heardness.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Aerospace | Resistance of metal to plastic deformation usually by indentation. However, the term may also refer to stiffness or temper, or to resistance to scratching, abrasion, or cutting.Indentation hardness may be measured by various hardness tests, such as Brinnell, Rockwell, and Vickers. (references) |
Electrical Engineering | A general term that correlates with strength, rigidity and resistance to abrasion or penetration. Source: European Union. (references) |
Food & Agriculture | A property of wood that enables it to resist indentation, generally measured by the loading, applied at a standard rate, that is required to imbed a 0. 444in-(1. 128cm)diameter steel ball to a depth equal to its radius. Source: European Union. (references) |
Geological | A measure of a mineral's resistance to scratching. The hardness of a mineral is measured by scratching it against another substance of known hardness. (references) |
Hydrologic | A water-quality indication of the concentration of alkaline salts in water, mainly calcium and magnesium. If the water you use is "hard" then more soap, detergent or shampoo is necessary to raise a lather. (references) |
Industry | The result of overheating a sintered disc during sealing, which reduces the porous area. N. B. :the term "hardness" is not recommended. Source: European Union. (references) |
Metallurgy | Ability of a coating film to resist cutting, indentation or penetration by a hard object. Source: European Union. (references) |
| Resistance of a material to a plastic local and superficial deformation. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Mining | A. Quality of water based on the presence of dissolved calcium or magnesium. See also:hard water b. As used by individuals associated with the drilling and bit-setting industry, the relative ability of a mineral to scratch another mineral or to be penetrated by a Knoop indenter. See also:hardness tes c. Of a brittle mineral, the resistance to scratching or abrasion by another mineral, e.g., the Mohs scale of relative hardness, which ranges from 1 (talc) to 10 (diamond), or the Povarennykh scale from 1 (talc [001]) to 15 (bort diamond [111]). See also:hardness scale d. Resistance of a metal to plastic deformation by indentors of variousshapes as defined by the Brinell, Knoop, Rockwell, and Vickers scales. e.g., the Mohs scale of relative hardness, which ranges from 1 (talc) to 10 (diamond), or the Povarennykh scale from 1 (talc [001]) to 15 (bort diamond [111]). See also:hardness scale d. Resistance of a metal to plastic deformation by indentors of variousshapes as defined by the Brinell, Knoop, Rockwell, and Vickers scales. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In materials science, hardness is the characteristic of a solid material expressing its resistance to penetration, and by extension its power of penetration in softer materials. An object made of a hard material will scratch an object made of a softer material.
Hardness is usually measured on various scales, such as the Rockwell scale or the Mohs scale.
Pure diamond is the hardest known substance (on every scale), so it will scratch any other material. Diamond, being the hardest material, is the substance used to cut diamond. Higher-grade diamonds are used to cut lower-grade diamonds.
See also:
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Hardness."
Synonyms: HardnessSynonyms: callousness (n), harshness (n), inclemency (n), insensibility (n), rigor (n), rigour (n), severity (n), stiffness (n), unfeelingness (n). (additional references) |
| Antonym: softness (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Difficulty | Noun: difficulty; hardness; Adjective: impracticability; (impossibility); tough work, hard work, uphill work; hard task, Herculean task, Augean task; task of Sisyphus, Sisyphean labor, tough job, teaser, rasper, dead lift. |
Hardness | Noun: hardness. Adjective: rigidity; renitence, renitency; inflexibility, temper, callosity, durity. |
Impenitence | Hardness of heart, seared conscience, induration, obduracy. |
Malevolence | Hardness of heart, heart of stone, obduracy; cruelty; cruelness; Adjective: brutality, savagery; ferity, ferocity; barbarity, inhumanity, immanity, truculence, ruffianism; evil eye, cloven foot; torture, vivisection. |
Vice | Immorality, impropriety, indecorum, scandal, laxity, looseness of morals; enphagy, dophagy, exophagy; want of principle, want of ballast; obliquity, backsliding, infamy, demoralization, pravity, depravity, pollution; hardness of heart; brutality; (malevolence); corruption; (debasement); knavery; (improbity); profligacy; flagrancy, atrocity; cannibalism; lesbianism, Sadism. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | In the hardness of his heart, Pharaoh has mocked God and brings death to his own son! (The Ten Commandments; writing credit: J.H. Ingraham; A.E. Southon) | |
Clever | The hardness of butter is directly proportional to the softness of the bread. (references; author: unknown) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books |
|
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Theodore Roosevelt | I think there is only one quality worse than hardness of heart and that is softness of head. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Both the high hardness and high lubricity coating technologies are enablers for the transition to dry machining. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Hardness" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Hardness" is used about 310 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 310 | 16,399 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "hardness". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Kishion | N/A | Biblical | Hardness |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
Expressions using "hardness": degree of hardness ♦ diamond pyramid hardness number ♦ hardness gauge ♦ hardness of hearing ♦ hardness of heart ♦ hardness test double impression method ♦ Heart hardness ♦ Herbert pendulum hardness test ♦ radiation hardness ♦ red hardness ♦ rockwell hardness ♦ Rockwell hardness B ♦ Rockwell hardness C ♦ Rockwell hardness test ♦ Vickers hardness ♦ with hardness. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "hardness": hardness-free. | |
Ending with "hardness": ball-hardness, water-hardness. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
hardness tester | 75 |
water hardness | 65 |
hardness | 43 |
rockwell hardness | 39 |
conversion hardness | 35 |
hardness testing | 28 |
wood hardness | 24 |
hardness scale | 21 |
hardness test | 17 |
shore hardness | 16 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "hardness"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | zahmet, vështirësi (difficulty, embarrassment, hitch, hurdle, knot, quandary, rub, scrape), fortësi (durability, fastness, firmness, solidity, strength, toughness). (various references) | |
Arabic | قسوة (asperity, austerity, cruelty, hardheartedness, harshness, inexorability, inhumanity, mercilessness, pitilessness, rigidity, rigor, rigour, ruggedness, severity, sternness, strictness, stringency, violence), وعورة (roughness, ruggedness, scarp, steepness, tightness), حزم (bind, bunch, bundle, decide, determination, dogmatise, firmness, packing, parcel, resolution, rope, sheaf, sling, stack, strap, truss), صلابة (callosity, hardihood, hards, inflexibility, iron, perseverance, reliability, resistance, rigidity, rigorism, singleness, solidity, soundness, stability, steadiness, stiffness, stoutness, strength, stubbornness, tenacity, toughmindness, toughness), صعوبة (awkwardness, difficulty, onerousness, profoundness, quandary, stiffness), صرامة (austerity, firmness, fortitude, frankness, obduracy, rigidity, rigor, rigorism, rigour, severity, sternness, strictness, stringency, tightness, toughness). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | суровост (asperity, austerity, harshness, inclemency, rigor, rigour, roughness, rudeness, severity), строгост (austerity, chastity, restraint, rigidity, rigor, rigorism, rigour, severity), усърдие (alacrity, ardour, assiduity, assiduousness, diligence, impressment, industry, mettle, pains, painstaking, sedulity, zeal), якост (hardiness, resilience, resiliency, solidity, stoutness, sturdiness, tensility, toughness, vertebration, vigor, vigour), сила (definition, drive, dynamism, effect, energy, feck, fiber, fibre, flush, force, forcefulness, forte, goodness, impetus, intension, intensity, inwardness, kick, lustiness, medium, might, mightiness, muscle, muscularity, nerve, pith, potency, power, prowess, punch, sinews, snap, stamina, strength, stringency, tenacity, thews, tuck, vehemence, verve, vigor, vigour, vim, vinegar, violence, virility, virtue, virulence, vis, volume, zap, zip), рязкост (asperity, brusqueness, curtness, rapidity, stridency, verjuice), трудност (ado, crux, difficulty, hardship, hurdle, involvement, knot, nicety, rough, severity, stumbling block, toughness), твърдост (constancy, crispness, endurance, firmness, fixedness, forcefulness, fortitude, granite, resolution, resolve, rigidity, sand, stability, stoicism, substance, tenacity). (various references) | |
Chinese | 硬度 , 坚硬 (Obdurate, rigidity, unyielding). (various references) | |
Czech | tvrdost (soundness, stiffness, toughness), obtížnost (difficulty), bezcitnost (cruelty, pitilessness). (various references) | |
Danish | hårdhed (alkalinity, calcium-content). (various references) | |
Dutch | stugheid, hardheid (hardness grade, harshness, rattle, rigour, severity, sterness). (various references) | |
Esperanto | malmoleco. (various references) | |
Finnish | kovuus (alkalinity, calcium-content, loudness, severity). (various references) | |
French | dureté (hardihood, harshness). (various references) | |
German | härte (aggressiveness, cruelty, firmness, flintiness, grimness, hardness grade, hardship, harshness, rigorousness, rigour, robustness, roughness, rudeness, ruthlessness, savagery, severeness, severity, sharpness, stability, steeliness, stiffness, stoniness, stringency, temper, toughness, violence). (various references) | |
Greek | σκληρότητα (bristliness, cruelty, crustiness, fellness, flintiness, harshness, inclemency, relentlessness, stoniness, toughness). (various references) | |
Hebrew | קושי (difficulty, encumbrance, obstinacy, toughness), קשיות (asperity, severity, stiffness), קשיחות (dourness, rigidity, rigour, stiffness, toughness), וקשות (coarseness, dourness, inflexibility, intransigence, pedantry, rigidity, roughness, severity, starch, stiffness). (various references) | |
Hungarian | nehézség (balk, crux, difficulty, hardship, hitch, inconvenience, knot, ponderosity, ponderousness, puzzle, snag, stress, stumbling block, stumbling-block, traverse), keménység (asperity, crustiness, firmness, harshness, rigidity, rigidness, rigour, severity, sternness, stiffness, substance). (various references) | |
Indonesian | ketahanan (endurance, tenacity), kesulitan (complication, difficulty, quandary), kebajaan (resistance). (various references) | |
Italian | durezza (dullness, flintiness, harshness, horniness, severity, stiffness, stoniness, toughness). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 無情 (cruelty, heartlessness, ruthless), 硬質 (stiffness), 硬軟 , 硬度 (solidity), 硬性 , 硬さ (firmness, honesty, stiffness), 剛性 (rigidity), 固さ (firmness, honesty, stiffness), さ (firmness, honesty, stiffness). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | かたさ (firmness, honesty, stiffness), "うせい (blackmail, combined, composite, composition, compound, extortion, extravagance, luxury, magnificence, mixed, persistent demand, rigidity, synthesis, synthetic), "うな" (consequences, future problems), "うしつ (colloidal, dowager, glue and lacquer, gluey, great intimacy, Imperial household, mineral, stiffness, widow), "うど (advanced, altitude, arable soil, barren or infertile soil, earth, hades, height, intensity of light, loess, solidity, wasteland, yellow ochre, yellow soil), "うせい (aggression, calibration, composition, constancy, correction, correction of press, fairness, fixed star, future generations, future life, impartiality, justice, life to come, loud or high-pitched voice, made of steel, matchless, offensive, organization, posterity, proofreading, public welfare, rebirth, rectification, regeneration, rehabilitation, reorganization, resuscitation, revision, tropism, unparalleled, Welfare Ministry, younger people), むじょう (best, cruelty, heartlessness, ruthless, uncertainty). (various references) | |
Korean | 경도 (longitude, longitudinal). (various references) | |
Manx | creoighys (callosity, obduracy, sternness, stiffness), creoidys (hardihood). (various references) | |
Norwegian | hardhet. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ardnesshay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | dureza (crustiness, flintiness, hardiness, severity, temper). (various references) | |
Romanian | vârtoşie (asperity, force, harshness, roughness, vigor, vigour), tãrie (bitterness, depth, energy, fastness, firmness, force, height, might, resolution, sky, solidity, steadfastness, stoutness, strength, vigor, vigour), stãruinţã (assiduity, constancy, diligence, insistence, patience, perseverance, persistence, solicitation, steadfastness, steadiness, tenacity, zeal), soliditate (compactness, fastness, firmness, massiness, reliability, solidity, soundness, stability, stiffness, strength), rigoare (harshness, rigor, rigour, strictness), greutate (arduousness, authority, avoirdupois, bother, burden, charge, cumber, difficulty, embarrassment, encumbrance, hardship, heaviness, heft, load, poise, ponderosity, shot, trouble, weight), duritate (asperity, callousness, crustiness, dourness, harshness, sternness), dificultate (ado, complication, crux, difficulty, doubt, hardship, hindrance, hitch, hurdle, inconvenience, need, ponderosity, ticklishness, trouble), asprime (abruptness, acerbity, acrimony, asperity, bitterness, callosity, callousness, coarseness, gruffness, harshness, rigidity, rigor, rigour, roughness, rudeness, severity, sharpness, sternness, stringency). (various references) | |
Russian | твердость (constancy, firmness, grittiness, rigidity, solidity, solidness). (various references) | |
Scottish | cruathas (hardihood, rigour). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | tvrdoća (firmness), čvrstoća (firmness, solidity, soundness, steadfastness, steadiness, temper), čvrstina (firmness, stoutness, strength, sturdiness, substance, substantiality, tenacity, tightness). (various references) | |
Spanish | dureza (crustiness, dourness, harshness, toughness). (various references) | |
Swedish | hårdhet (austerity, firmness, obduracy, severity). (various references) | |
Turkish | zorluk (adversity, arduousness, complexity, complication, difficulty, entanglement, gaff, grueling, gruelling, hardship, hassle, hobble, rigor, rigour, rough, strain, stumbling block, tightness, toughness), sertlik (asperity, austerity, bitterness, curtness, fierceness, firmness, harshness, headiness, inclemency, intemperance, kick, pungency, rigidity, rigor, rigour, severity, sharpness, solidity, starch, sternness, stiffness, stoniness, strength, strictness, stringency, tartness, toughness, vehemence, wiriness), sağlamlık (durability, earthiness, fastness, firmness, integrity, invulnerability, responsibility, robustness, solidity, soundness, stability, stoutness, sturdiness, substance, substantiality, validity, wholeness), katılık (consistence, consistency, rigidity, rigor, rigour, solidity, sternness, stiffness, strictness), katı yüreklilik (obduracy, rockiness), inatçılık (contrariness, cussedness, dourness, indocility, intractability, intransigence, mulishness, obduracy, obstinacy, perversity, recalcitrance, refractoriness, restiveness, self will, stickiness, stiff neck, stiffness, stubbornness, toughness, waywardness, wilfulness, willfulness), dayanıklılık (durability, endurance, fastness, fortitude, grit, hardihood, hardiness, indestructibility, lastingness, reliability, resistance, solidity, staying power, strength, sturdiness, substantiality, toughness, wear), aksilik (awkwardness, bile, contrariety, contrariness, contretemps, crossness, dourness, fractiousness, gruffness, hitch, ill luck, misadventure, misfortune, mishap, moodiness, moods, perversity, petulance, recalcitrance, reverse, rotten luck, setback, slip, slip up, sullenness, surliness, tantrum, testiness, trouble, vexatiousness). (various references) | |
Turkmen | gatylyk. (various references) | |
Ukranian | суворість (asperity, astringency, austerity, cruelty, inclemency, rigidity, rigor, rigour, rudeness, strictness, stringency), твердість (assurance, assuredness, decision, firmness, resoluteness, resolution, solidity), міцність (fastness, firmness, lasting, permanency, serviceableness, solidity, soundness, stoutness, strength, substantiality, toughness). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | tính cứng rắn, sự cứng rắn (obduracy, rigidity), độ cứng. (various references) | |
Welsh | caledwch, caledi (hardship). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | duritia, duritiae, duritiam, rigor. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Mark Chapter 10, Verse 5 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai apokriqeiV o ihsouV eipen autoiV proV thn sklhrokardian umwn egrayen umin thn entolhn tauthn |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Quibus respondens Iesus ait ad duritiam cordis vestri scripsit vobis praeceptum istud |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | Ða cwæð se hælend. for eower heortenhærdnysse he eow wrat þis be-bod. |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | `To whiche Jhesus answeride, and seide, For the hardnesse of youre herte Moises wroot to you this comaundement. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And Iesus answered and sayd vnto the: For ye hardnes of youre hertes he wrote this precept vnto you. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And Jesus answered and said unto them, For the hardness of your heart he wrote you this precept. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And Jesus answered and said to them, For the hardness of your heart, he wrote you this precept. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | But Jesus said to them, Because of your hard hearts he gave you this law. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Mark Chapter 10, Verse 5 |
| Bulgarian | А те рекоха: Моисей е позволил да напише мъжът разводно писмо и да я напусне. |
| Cebuano | Kanila mitubag si Jesus nga nag-ingon, "Tungod sa kasagutsoton ninyog kasingkasing, nagsulat siya kaninyo sa maong sugo. |
| Chinese | 耶 穌 說 、 摩 西 為 們 的 心 硬 、 所 以 寫 這 條 例 給 們 。 |
| Croatian | A Isus æe im: "Zbog okorjelosti srca vašega napisa vam on tu zapovijed. |
| Danish | Og Jesus sagde til dem: "For eders Hjerters Hårdheds Skyld skrev han eder dette Bud. |
| Dutch | En Jezus, antwoordende, zeide tot hen: Vanwege de hardigheid uwer harten heeft hij ulieden dat gebod geschreven. |
| Finnish | Niin Jeesus sanoi heille: "Teidän sydämenne kovuuden tähden hän kirjoitti teille tämän säädöksen. |
| French | Et Jésus leur dit: C`est cause de la dureté de votre coeur que Moïse vous a donné ce précepte. |
| Gaelic | Thuirt Iosa gam freagairt : `S ann air son cruas ur cridhe a sgriobh e dhuibh an reachd so. |
| German | Jesus antwortete und sprach zu ihnen: Um eures Herzens Härtigkeit willen hat er euch solches Gebot geschrieben; |
| Haitian Creole | Lè sa a, Jezi di yo: -Moyiz te ekri kòmandman sa a pou nou paske nou gen tèt di. |
| Hungarian | És Jézus felelvén, monda nékik: A ti szívetek keménysége miatt írta néktek ezt a parancsolatot; |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | "Musa menulis perintah itu sebab kalian terlalu sukar diajar," kata Yesus kepada mereka. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Maka kata Yesus kepada mereka itu, "Memang oleh sebab keras hatimu disuratkannya hukum ini bagimu. |
| Italian | Gesù disse loro: «Per la durezza del vostro cuore egli scrisse per voi questa norma. |
| Korean | 예 수 께 서 희 에 게 이 르 시 되 ` 너 희 마 음 의 완 악 함 을 인 하 여 이 명 을 기 록 하 였 거 니 와 |
| Latvian | Jçzus atbildçja un sacîja viòiem: Jûsu cietsirdîbas dçï viòð jums ðo likumu rakstîjis. |
| Maori | Na ka whakahoki a Ihu, ka mea ki a ratou, Na te pakeke o o koutou ngakau i tuhituhia ai e ia tenei kupu ako ki a koutou. |
| Modern Greek | Και αποκριθεις ο Ιησους ειπε προς αυτους· "ια την σκληροκαρδιαν σας εγραψεν εις εσας την εντολην ταυτην· |
| Norwegian | Men Jesus sa til dem: For eders hårde hjertes skyld har han skrevet eder dette bud. |
| Portuguese | Disse-lhes Jesus: Pela dureza dos vossos corações ele vos deixou escrito esse mandamento. |
| Rumanian | Isus le -a zis: ,,Din pricina kmpietririi inimii voastre v`a scris Moise porunca aceasta. |
| Russian | йЙУХУ УЛБЪБМ ЙН Ч ПФЧЕФ: П ЦЕУФПЛПУЕТ"ЙА ЧБЫЕНХ ПО ОБ ЙУБМ ЧБН УЙА ЪБ ПЧЕ"Ш. |
| Shuar | Tutai Jesus Tímiayi "Atumí enentai Kátsuram asamtai nu chichaman atumin tsankatramkamiarme. |
| Spanish | Pero Jesús les dijo: --Ante vuestra dureza de corazón, os escribió este mandamiento. |
| Swahili | Yesu akawaambia, "Mose aliwaandikia amri hiyo kwa sababu ya ugumu wa mioyo yenu. |
| Swedish | Då sade Jesus till dem: "För edra hjärtans hårdhets skull skrev han åt eder detta bud. |
| Thai | พระเยซูจึงตรัสตอบเขาว่า "โมเสสไ"้เขียนข้อบังคับนั้นเพราะเหตุใจพวกเจ้าแข็งกระ"้าง |
| Ukrainian | Ісус же промовив до них: То за ваше жорстокосердя він вам написав оцю заповідь. |
| Uma | Na'uli' Yesus: "Musa mpo'uki' pai' mpoparata-kokoi parenta toe-le, apa' ngkai kamotu'a maga-ni, uma tuduia'. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "hardness": hardnesses. (additional references) | |
| |
"Hardness" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: ahrenses, charadnus, hardnessz, harnesc, harnesk, harnest, haydns. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "hardness" (pronounced hÄ"rdnus) |
| 5 | -r d n u s | weirdness. |
| 4 | -d n u s | awkwardness, backwardness, badness, baldness, blandness, blindness, boldness, coldness, crookedness, farsightedness, fondness, goodness, handedness, indebtedness, kindness, madness, mindedness, nearsightedness, preparedness, redness, rudeness, sacredness, sadness, shortsightedness, shrewdness, soundness, spiritedness, tiredness, vividness, wickedness, wildness. |
| 3 | -n u s | abruptness, absoluteness, acuteness, aggressiveness, agribusiness, airworthiness, alertness, aloofness, alumnus, Anas, androgynous, anise, appropriateness, arbitrariness, assertiveness, astuteness, asynchronous, attentiveness, attractiveness, awareness, awfulness, bagginess, bearishness, bigness, bitterness, bituminous, blackness, bleakness, bluntness, bonus, boorishness, brashness, brightness, bullishness, business, callousness, calmness, carelessness, casualness, cautiousness, cavernous, cheapness, chitinous, cleanliness, cleanness, cleverness, closeness, cloudiness, clumsiness, cockiness, cohesiveness, Colonus, combativeness, compactness, competitiveness, completeness, consciousness, contagiousness, contentiousness, contrariness, Conus, coolness, correctness, coziness, craziness, creativeness, creditworthiness, creepiness, crispness, cuteness, dampness, darkness, Deaconess, deadliness, deafness, decisiveness, defensiveness, destructiveness, directness, disingenuousness, distinctiveness, divisiveness, dizziness, dreariness, drowsiness, drunkenness, dryness, dullness, eagerness, earnestness, edginess, effectiveness, elusiveness, emptiness, evenness, exogenous, eyewitness, faintness, fairness, fastness, fickleness, firmness, fitness, flatness, foolishness, forcefulness, forgiveness, forthrightness, foulness, fractiousness, frankness, freshness, friendliness, frothiness, fullness, funniness, furnace, gauntness, gayness, gelatinous, gentleness, genuineness, genus, ghastliness, gluttonous, governess, graciousness, greatness, greenness, grimness, hairiness, happiness, harmfulness, harness, harshness, heinous, helplessness, highness, hoarseness, holiness, homelessness, homesickness, homogenous, hopefulness, hopelessness, humanness, idleness, illness, inclusiveness, indecisiveness, indigenous, ineffectiveness, ineptness, inertness, intravenous, intrusiveness, inventiveness, joblessness, Johannes, larcenous, largeness, lateness, lawlessness, laziness, lenis, lightfastness, lightness, likeness, liveliness, loneliness, lousiness, luminous, Manus, meanness, membranous, menace, Minas, minus, monotonous, mountainous, mutinous, narrowness, nastiness, neatness, nervousness, newness, niceness, niggardliness, nitrogenous, nonbusiness, nonpoisonous, nosiness, nothingness, numbness, ominous, oneness, onus, openness, orderliness, otherness, outrageousness, outspokenness, pandanus, peacefulness, penis, permissiveness, persuasiveness, pervasiveness, pettiness, playfulness, poisonous, politeness, polygynous, pompousness, possessiveness, powerlessness, queasiness, quickness, quietness, raciness, randomness, rareness, ravenous, rawness, readiness, reasonableness, rebelliousness, recklessness, remoteness, resistiveness, resourcefulness, responsiveness, restiveness, restlessness, restrictiveness, richness, righteousness, rightness, riskiness, robustness, roominess, roughness, rowdiness, ruinous, ruthlessness, Salinas, sameness, scantiness, secretiveness, selfishness, selflessness, sensitiveness, separateness, seriousness, shakiness, shallowness, sharpness, shortness, shyness, sickness, silliness, sinus, skittishness, slackness, sleepiness, sloppiness, slovenliness, slowness, sluggishness, slyness, smallness, smoothness, smugness, softness, solitariness, squeamishness, starkness, steadfastness, steadiness, steepness, sternness, stiffness, stillness, stinginess, stoutness, strangeness, stubbornness, sturdiness, suddenness, suggestiveness, sweetness, swiftness, tardiness, tartness, tastiness, tenderness, tetanus, thickness, thinness, thoroughness, thoughtfulness, tightness, timeliness, togetherness, toughness, trustworthiness, truthfulness, ugliness, unconsciousness, uneasiness, unfairness, unhappiness, uniqueness, unpleasantness, unwieldiness, unwillingness, usefulness, vagueness, vastness, venous, viciousness, villainous, vindictiveness, voluminous, wariness, wastefulness, waterishness, weakness, weariness, weightlessness, wellness, wetness, whiteness, wholeness, wholesomeness, wilderness, willingness, wimpiness, wistfulness, witness, wonderfulness, worldliness, worthiness, wryness. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-d-e-h-n-r-s-s" | |
-1 letter: dashers, hardens, harness, sanders, shaders. | |
-2 letters: dasher, dashes, denars, hanses, harden, rashes, redans, sadhes, sander, sarsen, sashed, sedans, shader, shades, shards, shared, shares, sharns, shears, shends, sherds, shreds, snared, snares. | |
-3 letters: arses, ashed, ashen, ashes, assed, dares, darns, deans, dears, deash, denar, dress, earns, hades, hands, hanse, hards, hared, hares, heads, heard, hears, herds, herns, nards, nares, nears, nerds, rands, rased, rases, reads, redan, rends, rheas, sades, sadhe, sands, saned, saner, sanes, sards, sears, sedan, sends, sensa, shade, shads, shard, share, sharn, shear, sheas, sheds, shend, sherd, shred, snare, snash, sneds. | |
-4 letters: ands, anes, ares, arse, dahs, dare, darn, dash, dean, dear, dens, earn, ears, edhs, ends, eras, erns, hade, haed, haen, haes, hand, hard, hare, head, hear, hens, herd, hern, hers, nard, near, nerd, ness, rads, rand, rase, rash, read, reds, rend, resh, rhea, sade, sand, sane, sans, sard, sash, sear, seas, send, sera, sers, shad, shea, shed, shes, sned. | |
-5 letters: ads, and, ane, are, ars, ash, ass, dah, den, ear, edh, eds, end, ens, era, ern, ers, ess, had, hae, has, hen, her, hes, nae, nah, rad, rah, ran, ras, red, res, sad, sae, sea, sen, ser, sha, she. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-d-e-h-n-r-s-s" | |
+1 letter: handpress, hardiness, hardnoses, harnessed, redshanks, swanherds. | |
+2 letters: brandishes, hardnesses, husbanders. | |
+3 letters: admonishers, blandishers, disenthrals, disheartens, haggardness, handpresses, hardinesses, headsprings, husbandries, scherzandos, springheads, subtrahends, threadiness, transshaped, unharnessed, wardenships. | |
+4 letters: disenthralls, disfranchise, disharmonies, dwarfishness, hairdressing, handypersons, hydrogenases, icosahedrons, merchandises, scrimshander, servanthoods, superhardens, transshipped. | |
+5 letters: disenchanters, disfranchised, disfranchises, disharmonizes, dysmenorrheas, foolhardiness, haggardnesses, hairdressings, handsbreadths, haphazardness, hazardousness, headshrinkers, merchandisers, misapprehends, scrimshanders, stickhandlers, strangleholds, threadinesses, underemphases, underemphasis, withdrawnness. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)48 61 72 64 6E 65 73 73 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).... .- .-. -.. -. . ... ... |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001000 01100001 01110010 01100100 01101110 01100101 01110011 01110011 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)H a r d n e s s |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0048 0061 0072 0064 006E 0065 0073 0073 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)4267847080718585 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Quotations: Familiar 7. Quotations: Non-fiction 8. Usage Frequency | 9. Names: Derived from 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Translations: Ancient 14. Bible Trace 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Orthography 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
