Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Groundwork |
GroundworkNoun1. The fundamental assumptions underlying an explanation; "the whole argument rested on a basis of conjecture". 2. Lowest support of a structure; "it was built on a base of solid rock"; "he stood at the foot of the tower". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "groundwork" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references) |
Synonyms: GroundworkSynonyms: base (n), basis (n), cornerstone (n), foot (n), foundation (n), fundament (n), substructure (n), understructure (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Cause | Noun: cause, origin, source, principle, element; occasioner, prime mover, primum mobile; vera causa; author; (producer); mainspring; agent; leaven; groundwork, foundation; (support). |
Precursor | Prelude, preamble, preface, prologue, foreword, avant-propos, protasis, proemium, prolusion, proem, prolepsis, prolegomena, prefix, introduction; heading, frontispiece, groundwork; preparation; overture, exordium, symphony; premises. |
Preparation | Verb: prepare; get ready, make ready; make preparations, settle preliminaries, get up, sound the note of preparation. set in order, put in order; (arrange); forecast; (plan) prepare the ground, plow the ground, dress the ground; till the soil, cultivate the soil; predispose, sow the seed, lay a train, dig a mine; lay the groundwork, fix the groundwork, lay the basis, fix the basis, lay the foundations, fix the foundations; dig the foundations, erect the scaffolding; lay the first stone; (begin). |
Groundwork, first stone, cradle, stepping-stone; foundation, scaffold; (support); scaffolding, echafaudage. | |
Substantiality | Noun: substantiality, hypostasis; person, being, thing, object, article, item; something, a being, an existence; creature, body, substance, flesh and blood, stuff, substratum; matter; corporeity, element, essential nature, groundwork, materiality, substantialness, vital part. |
Support | Noun: support, ground, foundation, base, basis; terra firma; bearing, fulcrum, bait, caudex crib; point d'appui, gr/pou sto/gr, purchase footing, hold, locus standi; landing place, landing stage; stage, platform; block; rest, resting place; groundwork, substratum, riprap, sustentation, subvention; floor; (basement). |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Groundwork |
| English words defined with "groundwork": constitute, Cordell Hull ♦ establish ♦ found ♦ hull ♦ institute ♦ plant. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | End page of Edward Forbes' paper in which he challenges the scientific community to seek new knowledge of the sea and lays the groundwork for government support of oceanography. In: The Annual Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science for the year 1843. NOAA Central Library Journal collection. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Johnson | To set the mind above the appetites is the end of abstinence, which if not a virtue, is the groundwork of a virtue. |
Laurence Sterne | Lessons of wisdom have the most power over us when they capture the heart through the groundwork of a story, which engages the passions. |
Leigh Hunt | The groundwork of all happiness is health. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | We Communists have been reproached with the desire of abolishing the right of personally acquiring property as the fruit of a man's own labour, which property is alleged to be the groundwork of all personal freedom, activity and independence. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | There seemed to be here the groundwork of a tale. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | This trial set the groundwork for future successful surgical trials, such as the NASCET and ACAS trials. (references) | |
These studies should provide the groundwork for future development of gene replacement therapy for AAT deficiency. (references) | ||
In the last decade research has laid the groundwork for many of today's promising new clinical trials, technologies, and drug treatments. (references) | ||
Business | However, it appears essential that proper groundwork be carried out prior to such activities. (references) | |
They will accept invitations to business lunches or dinners if adequate groundwork has been done in advance to assure them that their time will be well spent. (references) | ||
The specific goal of this system is to establish the conditions and necessary groundwork for workers insurance, along with the quick and appropriate payment for accidents. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Azerbaijan | A 2000 presidential decree laid the groundwork for creation of a refugee status determination procedure, but this had not occurred by year's end. (references) |
Economic History | Nigeria | On June 11, 1994, using the groundwork laid by NADECO, Abiola declared himself president and went into hiding. (references) |
Indonesia | Under Sukarno's auspices, these leaders gathered in Bandung, West Java, 1955, to lay the groundwork for what became known as the Non-Aligned Movement. (references) | |
Political Economy | Ukraine | The principles expressed in the Constitution, while laying the groundwork for market-economy reforms, have not yet been fully put into practice. (references) |
Brazil | In 1998 the government passed a major constitutional amendment allowing public administration reforms necessary to consolidate economic stabilization and lay the groundwork for future growth and development in Brazil. (references) | |
Djibouti | On May 12, the two sides signed the final peace agreement, officially ending the more than decade-long civil war between the Government and the armed faction of the FRUD, and laying the groundwork for this faction's participation in the Government. (references) | |
Political Rights | Zimbabwe | In September government officials refused to meet in the country with a two-person team from the International Foundation for Election Systems (IFES), an NGO, to lay the groundwork for an election observation effort in the run-up to the presidential election expected in 2002. The team was asked to leave early by the Government. (references) |
Trade | Pakistan | The government, however, was not able to complete the groundwork for the implementation of this judgement and through the one of the state banks (Union Bank) filed an appeal in the Supreme Court challenging the decision and requesting an extension of this deadline until December 31, 2005. In response, the Supreme Court extended the deadline for implementation of its judgment for one year until June 30, 2002. (references) |
Worker Rights | Nigeria | The TUC has a claimed membership of approximately 400,000 to 600,000. The TUC, which is composed primarily of white-collar workers, has not been sanctioned officially by the Government, and is prohibited by statute from affiliating with the NLC. The TUC lacks a seat on the NLAC; however, in 1999 SESCAN, now the TUC, began to lay the legal and political groundwork to achieve government recognition, which will require formal action by the National Assembly. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Groundwork" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 98.44% of the time. "Groundwork" is used about 128 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 98.44% | 126 | 28,512 |
| Noun (proper) | 1.56% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 128 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "groundwork": lay down the groundwork for ♦ lay the groundwork for. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
groundwork | 16 |
groundwork of the metaphysics of morals | 2 |
evangelion groundwork | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "groundwork"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | themel (base, bedrock, footing, foundation, foundations, juice, quiddity, radical, reason, substratum, substructure), sfond (back, backdrop, background, counterpoint, ground, setting), bazë (alkali, base, bases, basis, bedrock, bottom, evidence, foundation, grassroots, ground, juice, radix, reason, score, seminal, substratum, substructure, ultimate). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | العمل التحضيري, شىء الأساسي. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | главна съставна част, основен принцип (key note, keystone, postulate, rudiment, ultimate), основа (accidence, alkali, base, basis, bed, foot, footing, foundation, fundamental, grounding, joint, lye, pedestal, radix, seat, seating, sole, staff, stem, substratum, substructure, theme, underpinning, warp, warp and woof), база (base, basis, home, jumping-off-place, substratum, warp, warp and woof). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 後勤. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | základy (abc, basics, elements, grounding, rudiments, the elements), přípravné práce. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | پایه (Base, Basis, Bedrock, Buttress, Cantilever, Column, Degree, Ground, Leg, Mark, Measure, Mount, Outrigger, Phase, Pillar, Prop, Root, Sill, Stage, Stalk, Stanchion, Status, Stock, Stratum), زمینه (Background, Base, Basis, Conspectus, Context, Design, Ground, Outline, Root, Sketch, Tendency, Terrain, Theme), اساس (Base, Basis, Bedrock, Cornerstone, Element, Fabric, Ground, Nucleus, Root). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | perustus (base, basis, foundation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | travail préparatoire, préparation, plan, canevas. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | grundlage (base, basis, datum, element, foundation, fundamental, fundamentals, gist, root position, scaffolding, substructure). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | βάση (base, basis, bed, foot, foothold, footing, ground, mounting, pedestal). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | עבו"ת "כ " (spadework). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | alapozás (bedding, coating, dead colour, foundation, ground, ground coat, grounding, substructure, undercoat). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | scavo (dig, digging, excavation), lavoro nella terra, fondamenti, basi. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 地固め (ground leveling), 下地 (aptitude, elementary knowledge of, first coat of plastering, foundation, grounding in, inclination, prearrangement, signs, soy, spadework, symptoms). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | したじ (aptitude, elementary knowledge of, first coat of plastering, foundation, grounding in, inclination, prearrangement, signs, soy, spadework, symptoms), じがため (ground leveling). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 밑 미. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | obbyr undinagh, cooylrey (background), bunneydys (accidence, basis, foundation, origin, root). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | oundworkgray plano (cadre, champaign, concoction, design, designing, device, diagram, dodge, dodgy, draught, even, flat, frame, framing, game, ideal, layout, level, line, plain, plan, plane, project, proposition, scheme, smattering, smooth, surface, system), pessoal de terra, fundo (back, background, bottom, deep, depth, floor, foundation, fund, gist, ground, groundless, militancy, profound, rock bottom, sole, sunken, undercurrent), fundamento (base, basement, bedrock, footing, foundation, fundament, ground, grounding, horned, pedestal, warrant, warranty), base (base, basis, bed, foot, footing, foundation, foundling, fund, fundamental, ground, grounding, hornbook, Patten, pedestal, principle, radical, root, sabot, seat, sinew, sole, stool, substruction, substructure), alicerce (basis, bed, bedrock, bottom, foundation, substruction, substructure). (various references) grund (primer, priming, rough cast), terasament (bank, earthwork, embankment, roadbed), temelie (base, basement, bases, basis, foundation, ground, substruction), plan al unei lucrãri, fundament (base, basis, foundation, ground), fundaţie (endowment, foundation, shoe), fond (background, bottom, content, elements, essence, field, fund, gist, ground, gut, matter, spine, staple, stock, substance, sum, supply), canava (canvas, sketch), bazã (alkali, base, bases, basis, bottom, footing, foundation, foundation stone, ground, measured mile, root, sole, support). (various references) фундамент (base, basement, bed, bedding, bottom, footing, foundation, sole, substruction, substructure). (various references) zemljani radovi (earthwork), podloga (base, bolster, cradle, pad). (various references) trabajo preparatorio (spadework), trabajo de preparar. (various references) grundstomme (nucleus). (various references) zemin (backcloth, backdrop, background, bed, floor, ground, ground-, level, stage), temel (abecederian, back drop, backbone, basal, base, basic, basis, bed, bottom, bread and butter, constitutive, corner stone, elemental, elementary, footing, fortification, foundation, fundament, fundamental, grass roots, ground, ground form, guiding, hard pan, keystone, parent, pedestal, primary, principal, root, rudimental, rudimentary, socle, staple, substratum, substructure, underlying, working), fon (background, fund, ground color, ground colour, phon, pool, reserve), asıl (actual, authentic, Cardinal, central, elementary, extraction, foundation, fountain-head, gist, in chief, intrinsic, main, master, origin, original, origination, pivotal, principal, principally, provenance, real, root stock, true, virtual), alt yapı. (various references) фундамент (base, basement, basis, bedding, bottom, footing, foundation, ground, substruction, substructure), фон (background, champ, fond, tint), основа (backbone, base, basement, bases, basis, bottom, carcass, chain, foot, pedestal, pediment, principle, root, source, substratum, substructure, underlay). (various references) cơ sở (basal, base, corner-stone, foundation, fundament, fundamental, underlying). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "groundwork": groundworks. (additional references) | |
| |
"Groundwork" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: groundward, groundworks. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "groundwork" (pronounced grou"ndwer'k) |
| 4 | -d w er' k | beadwork, fieldwork, leadwork, roadwork, spadework, woodwork. |
| 3 | -w er' k | artwork, brushwork, casework, clockwork, earthwork, firework, footwork, framework, guesswork, handiwork, homework, housework, latticework, legwork, masterwork, metalwork, needlework, network, openwork, paperwork, patchwork, piecework, plasterwork, schoolwork, teamwork. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "d-g-k-n-o-o-r-r-u-w" | |
-4 letters: drongo, godown, ground, kronor, kronur. | |
-5 letters: donor, drouk, drown, drunk, gourd, grown, korun, kroon, odour, rondo, round, wound, wrong, wrung. | |
| Words containing the letters "d-g-k-n-o-o-r-r-u-w" | |
+1 letter: groundworks. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)47 72 6F 75 6E 64 77 6F 72 6B |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)--. .-. --- ..- -. -.. .--. --- .-. -.- |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000111 01110010 01101111 01110101 01101110 01100100 01110111 01101111 01110010 01101011 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)G r o u n d w o r k |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0047 0072 006F 0075 006E 0064 0077 006F 0072 006B |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)41848187807089818477 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Photo Album 6. Quotations: Familiar 7. Quotations: Historic 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Usage Frequency 11. Expressions 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Orthography 18. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
| Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions: woordeboek, fjalor, معجم, قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 字引 , じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , 사 , dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for dictionary; definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, الوضوحية في الشيء, حد, تحديد, تعريف, التحديد, الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition; vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ترجمة, إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation; Albaans, Albanies, Albaniese taal, shqip, الألبانية, الألباني, албанец, албански език, албански, Albanyano, 阿"巴尼亚语, 阿爾巴尼亞人 , albánský, Albanees, albanskt, albanialainen, Albanais, Albaneesk, albaner, αλβανικόσ, Αλβανός, αλβανόσ, arbnisht, arbërisht, albán, albanskur, albanska, AlbÚinis, albanese, 알"니아, Albaneagh, albanês, arnãut, albanez, arnãuţesc, албанский, Alapania, albanski, albanac, albanés, alban, Arnavut, албанський, албанка, албанець, for Albanian; Arabies, arabishte, العربية, عربي, اللغة العربية, арабски език, арабски, 阿拉伯 , arabský, arabština, arábiskt, arabialainen, arabe, Arabysk, arabisch, αραβικόσ, ערבית, ערבי, arab, arabo, 아라비아, Arabish, arabir, arabic, арабский, Arapi, arapski, árabe, arabisk, าษาหรืออักขระอาหรับ, เกี่ยวกับอาระเบีย, arapça, arap, araplara özgü, арабська мова, арабський, tiếng A-rập, thuộc A-rập, for Arabic; Bulgaars, Bulgaar, bulgr, البلغارية, بلغاري, Búlgaru, български, български език, българин, Bulgaryan, 保 利亚, bulharský, bulgarer, bulgarskt, bulgarialainen, Bulgaarsk, bulgare, 'ούλγαρος, bullgar, bolgár, bulgaro, 불가리아, Bulgeyragh, Bulgeyrish, Bułgar, болгарский, болгарин, bugarski jezik, bugarski, bugarka, bugarin, búlgaro, bulgar, bulgaristan ile ilgili, болгарський, người Bun-ga-ri tiếng Bun-ga-ri, for Bulgarian; Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, الصينية, لغة الصين, صيني, الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, Chinu, китайски, Ininsik, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kinesiskt, kinverskur, kiinalainen, Chinois, Sineesk, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, Kínverji, Sínis, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Cina, Sheenish, Sheenagh, Hainamana, chines, Chińczyk, chinês, chinés, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, Saina, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, snesi, sneysi, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита"ць, for Chinese; Tsjeggies, Tsjeg, çek, تشيكي, اللغة التشيكوسلوفاكية, التشيكي أحد أبناء تشيكوسلوفاكيا, Checu, чешки, Sekoslovakyano, 捷克語 , 捷克语, 捷克 , èesky, èeské, èech, èeština, èeský, èeška, tjekker, tjekke, Tsjech, Tsjechisch, tjekkiskt, t?ekkiläinen, tchèque, Tsjechysk, Tscheche, tschechisch, Tschechin, Τσέχος, cseh, ceco, 체", Sheckagh, Sheckish, Czech, chèc, ceh, чешский, češki jezik, čeh, češki, checo, tjeck, Çek, çekoslovakyalı kimse, çekoslovakyalı, çek dili, чех, чеська мова, чеський, чешка, người Séc tiếng Séc, for Czech; Farsi, Parsi, persiskt, Fasi, for Farsi; Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, اللغة الفنلندية, فنلندية, فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for Finnish; Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, فرنسي, اللغة الفرنسية, الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French; Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ضرب من الرقص, جرماني, المانية, الماني, اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German; Grieks, Griek, الإغريقي, يوناني, اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b gi gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for Greek; Jood, Hebreeus, Israeliet, hebraishte, يهودي, عبري, اليهودية, اللغة العبرية, العبرية, Hebréu, иврит, древен жител на юдея, юдейски, израилтянин, евреин, староеврейски, староеврейски език, юдей, 西伯来, 希伯來語 , hebrejský, hebrejka, hebrejec, hebrejština, joods, Hebreeuws, hebraiskt, juutalainen, hébreu, Hebrieusk, hebräisch, hebräer, εβραϊκόσ, εβραϊκά, εβραίοσ, עברית, עברי, zsidó, héber, izraelita, Eabhrais, ebraico, ebreo, ヘブライ語 , ヘブライ", Ewagh, Ew, Ewnish, hudiu, hebraico, hebreu, ebrèu, limba ebraicã, izraelit, evreu, evreiesc, ebraic, еврейский, еврей, древнееврейский, древнееврейский язык, Eperu, hibru, hebreo, dyu, Myahudi, Yahudi, hebreiska, hebreisk, jude, ชาวฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), าษาฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), musevi, ibranice, ibrani, іудей, старо"врейська мова, старо"врейський, іврит, "врейський, "врей, người Hê-brơ, Hebraeg, Hebreaidd, for Hebrew; Hongaars, Hongaar, hungarez, الهنغاري, مجري, هنغاري, المجري, اللغة الهنغارية, Húngaru, унгарски език, унгарски, унгарец, Hungaryan, 匈牙利語 , 匈牙利语, maïarský, maïar, maïarština, ungarer, Hongaarse, ungarskt, unkarilainen, hongrois, Hongaarsk, ungar, Ούγγρος, "ו 'רי, magyar, ungherese, 헝가리, Ungaarish, Ungaaragh, Węgier, ongrés, ungureşte, ungur, limba maghiarã, unguresc, maghiar, limba ungarã, венгр, венгерский, mađarski, mađar, mađarski jezik, húngaro, ungrare, ชาวฮังการี, macarca, macar, угорська мова, угорка, угорський, угорець, người Hung-ga-ri tiếng Hung-ga-ri, for Hungarian; Italianer, Italiaans, Italiaan, شخص إيطالي, اللغة الإيطالية, الإيطالي, إيطالي, Italianu, италиански език, италиански, италианец, Italyano, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italština, italský, ital, italiener, italienskt, italialainen, Italien, Italjaansk, italienisch, Ιταλός, italisht, איטלקי, איטלקית, olasz, Ítali, IodÚilis, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, Włoch, italianã, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, итальянский язык, итальянский, итальянец, Italia, italijanski, italijanski jezik, italijan, sí-Taliyáne, italienare, italiensk, italienska, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, ชาวอิตาลี, าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка, for Italian; korean, كوري شمالي, اللغة الكورية, كوري جنوبي, كوري, Coreanu, корейски, корейски език, Koryano, 韩国语, "國 , 朝鮮語 , korejský, korejec, korejština, Koreaans, koreanskt, coréen, Koreaansk, koreanisch, Koreaner, κορεάτησ, κορεάτικοσ, koreai, 한국, koreano, coréia, a língua coreana, coreean, limba coreeanã, кореец, корейский, Kolea, korejski jezik, korejski, koreanac, coreano, koreansk, ชาวเกาหลี, kore'li, кореянка, коре"ць, корейська мова, корейський, người Triều tiên tiếng Triều tiên, for korean; gjuha e popullsisë së ishullit men, manský, manština, manx, mann-szigeti nyelv, Gaelgagh, Yn Ghaelg, Manninish, Manninagh, язык жителей о-ва мэн, с о-ва мэн, s ostrva mana, los habitantes de la isla de man, lengua de la isla de man, de la isla de man, från ön man, man dili, man adası, менський діалект, менський, for manx; Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, اللغة البرتغالية, البرتغالية, البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for Portuguese; Roemeen, rumun, Rumanu, румънски език, румънски, румънец, Romanyan, 罗马尼亚语, rumunský, rumunština, rumæner, Roemeens, rumenskt, romanialainen, roumain, Roemeensk, rumäne, ρουμανόσ, Ρουμάνος, román, rumeno, 루마니아, Roomainagh, romeno, romanés, român, румын, румынский, rumunski, rumunski jezik, rumano, rumänsk, румунська мова, румун, румунський, румунка, for Romanian; Russies, Rus, الروسية, روسي, اللغة الروسية, Rusu, руски, руски език, руснак, Rusyan, 俄語 , 俄语, 俄文 , ruština, ruský, russer, russur, russiskt, venäläinen, Russysk, Russe, russisch, Ρώσος, רוסי, orosz, rússneskur, Rússi, Rúisis, russo, ロシア語 , ロシア", 러시아, Rooshish, Rooshagh, russisk, Rosjanin, русский, Lusia, ruski jezik, ruski, ruso, sí-Rashîya, ryss, ชาวรัสเซีย, rusça, росіянка, росіянин, російська мова, російський, người Nga tiếng Nga, for Russian; 塞爾維亞克羅地亞語 , 塞"维亚-克罗地亚语, serbokroatisch, 세르보크로아티아, servo-croata, sârbo-croat, srpsko-hrvatski, srpsko-hrvatski jezik, serbokroatiska, serbokroatisk, เกี่ยวกับ าษาเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, าษาหลักของชาวเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, for Serbo-Croatian; Spaans, Spaanse taal, spanjoll, اللغة الأسبانية, الأسبانية, أسباني, испански език, испански, espanyoles, Espanyol, 西班牙语, 西班牙文 , 西班牙語 , španìlský, španìlština, spanskt, espanjalainen, espagnol, Spaansk, spanisch, ισπανικά, ισπανικόσ, ισπανοί, karaiñe'êmegua, ספר"ית, ספר"י, spanyol, SpÚinnis, spagnolo, スペイン語 , スパイ罪 , スペイン", スパニッシュ , 스페인, Spaainagh, Spaainish, spañó, espanhol, espanhòl, spaniolesc, spanioleşte, spaniol, испанский, Sipaniolo, španski jezik, španski, español, spanska språk, spansk, ispanyollar, ispanyolca, ispanyol, іспанська мова, іспанський, for Spanish; Sweeds, suedez, اللغة السويدية, Suecu, шведски език, шведски, швед, Swedis, 瑞典語 , 瑞典语, švédský, švédština, Zweeds, svenskt, ruotsalainen, suédois, Sweedsk, schwedisch, σουηδικόσ, σουηδικά, svéd, sænskur, Sualainnis, svedese, スウェーデン語 , スウェーデン", 스웨덴, Soolynish, Soolynagh, suèc, шведский, švedski jezik, švedski, sueco, svensk, เกี่ยวกับคน าษาและวั'นธรรมของประเทศสวีเ"น, isveççe, isveç dili, isveç, Ísveçlí, шведська мова, шведський, người Thuỵ điển tiếng Thuỵ điển, for Swedish; Turks, turk, تركي أحد أبناء تركيا, اللغة التركية, Turcu, турски, турски език, Turko, 土耳其, 土耳其語 , tureètina, turecký, turkist, turkkilainen, turque, turc, Turksk, türkisch, τούρκικοσ, טורקי, török, Yn Turkish, Turkagh, turcesc, турецкий, turski jezik, turski, turco, turkisk, türk, türkçe, турецька мова, турецький, tiếng Thổ nhĩ kỳ, for Turkish; 乌克兰, for Ukranian; Vietnamees, vietnamez, vietnamisht, виетнамски език, виетнамски, Vietnamis, 越南語 , 越南 , 越南语, vietnamský, vietnamka, vietnamec, vietnamština, vietnameser, vjetmanskt, vietnamilainen, vietnamien, Fjetnameesk, vietnamese, vietnamesisch, Vietnamesin, 'ιετναμέζος, vietnami, vietnámi, ベトナ 人 , ベトナ じ", 트남, vietnamita, вьетнамский, vijetnamski jezik, vijetnamski, vijetnamac, vietnames, vietnam, vietnamlı, vietnam dili, в'"тнамець, в'"тнамський, người Việt nam tiếng Việt, for Vietnamese; |
