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Gross

Definitions: Gross

Gross

Adjective

1. Before any deductions; "gross income".

2. Visible to the naked eye (especially of rocks and anatomical features).

3. Of general aspects or broad distinctions; "the gross details of the structure appear reasonable".

4. Repellently fat; "a bald porcine old man".

5. Conspicuously and outrageously bad or reprehensible; "a crying shame"; "an egregious lie"; "flagrant violation of human rights"; "a glaring error"; "gross ineptitude"; "gross injustice"; "rank treachery".

6. Without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers; "an arrant fool"; "a complete coward"; "a consummate fool"; "a double-dyed villain"; "gross negligence"; "a perfect idiot"; "pure folly"; "what a sodding mess"; "stark staring mad"; "a thoroughgoing villain"; "utter nonsense".

7. Conspicuously and tastelessly indecent; "coarse language"; "a crude joke"; "crude behavior"; "an earthy sense of humor"; "a revoltingly gross expletive"; "a vulgar gesture"; "full of language so vulgar it should have been edited".

Noun

1. Twelve dozen.

2. The entire amount of income before any deductions are made.

Verb

1. Earn before taxes, expenses, etc.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "gross" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references)


Specialty Definitions: Gross

DomainDefinitions

Economics

1. 12 dozen or 144 articles. 2. Total (as in "Gross Weight".). (references)

Finance

In the investment field, this means before deduction of income tax. Source: European Union. (references)
 The amount before deductions are made. (references)

Literature

Gross (See Advowson .). Source: Brewer's Dictionary.

Sports & Leisure

A player's score before deducting any handicap. Source: European Union. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Gross

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

the term gross may mean:

it is always preceded by an article or a number;
  • when the preceding word is a number, it often implies multiplication rather than combining that number of separate counts, e.g. "two gross" can refer equally to a single container into which 288 items were counted, or to a pair of containers into each of which 144 were counted
  • normally (i.e., outside situations justifying extreme brevity), specifying the kind of objects being counted may not be done by positioning the kind directly following "gross", but requires that the word "of" intervene, e.g. "288 apples", but "two gross of apples"

  • See also:

    Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Gross."

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    Abbreviations & Acronyms: Gross

    The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
    EntrySourceExpressionField
    GRPEnglishGross Rating PointBusiness

    Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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    Synonyms: Gross

    Synonyms: arrant(a) (adj), coarse (adj), complete(a) (adj), consummate(a) (adj), crude (adj), crying(a) (adj), double-dyed(a) (adj), earthy (adj), egregious (adj), everlasting(a) (adj), flagrant (adj), glaring (adj), gross(a) (adj), megascopic (adj), perfect(a) (adj), porcine (adj), pure(a) (adj), rank (adj), sodding(a) (adj), staring(a) (adj), stark(a) (adj), thoroughgoing(a) (adj), utter(a) (adj), vulgar (adj), receipts (n), revenue (n). (additional references)
    Antonym: net (adj). (additional references)

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    Synonyms within Context: Gross

    ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

    Credulity

    Noun: credulity, credulousness; Adjective: cullibility, gullibility; gross credulity, infatuation; self delusion, self deception; superstition; one's blind side; bigotry; (obstinacy); hyperorthodoxy; misjudgment.

    Five

    Hundred, centenary, hecatomb, century; hundredweight, cwt.; one hundred and forty-four, gross.

    Greatness

    Goodly, noble, precious, mighty; sad, grave, heavy, serious; far gone, arrant, downright; utter, uttermost; crass, gross, arch, profound, intense, consummate; rank, uninitiated, red-hot, desperate; glaring, flagrant, stark staring; thorough-paced, thoroughgoing; roaring, thumping; extraordinary.; important; unsurpassed; (supreme); complete. august, grand, dignified, sublime, majestic; (repute).

    Impurity

    Adjective: impure; unclean; (dirty); not to be mentioned to ears polite; immodest, shameless; indecorous, indelicate, indecent; Fescennine; loose, risque, coarse, gross, broad, free, equivocal, smutty, fulsome, ribald, obscene, bawdy, pornographic.

    Receipt

    Noun: receipt, value received, money coming in; income, incomings, innings, revenue, return, proceeds; gross receipts, net profit; earnings; (gain); accepta, avails.

    Ugliness

    Graceless, inelegant; ungraceful, ungainly, uncouth, stiff; rugged, rough, gross, rude, awkward, clumsy, slouching, rickety; gawky; lumping, lumpish; lumbering; hulky, hulking; unwieldy.

    Uncleanness

    Crapulous; (intemperate); gross; (impure in mind); fimetarious, fimicolous.

    Vice

    Base, sinister, scurvy, foul, gross, vile, black, grave, facinorous, felonious, nefarious, shameful, scandalous, infamous, villainous, of a deep dye, heinous; flagrant, flagitious; atrocious, incarnate, accursed.

    Vulgarity

    Coarse, indecorous, ribald, gross; unseemly, unbeseeming, unpresentable; contra bonos mores; ungraceful; (ugly).

    Whole

    All, the whole, total, aggregate, one and all, gross amount, sum, sum total, tout ensemble, length and breadth of,

    Adverb: wholly, altogether; totally; (completely); entirely, all, all in all, as a whole, wholesale, in a body, collectively, all put together; in the aggregate, in the lump, in the mass, in the gross, in the main, in the long run; en masse, as a body, on the whole, bodily, en bloc, in extenso, throughout, every inch; substantially.

    Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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    Crosswords: Gross

    English words defined with "gross": 1728A great gross, Advowson in gross, After the flesh, At oddsBy the grosscoarse, Common in gross, crapulous, Cross receipts, crudededuction, DraffEarthen-hearted, earthy, Encarnalize, ExorbitancyFat-kidneyed, FustilugsGeneral average, great gross, gross anatomy, Gross average, gross domestic product, gross estate, gross margin, gross national product, gross out, gross profit, gross profit margin, Gross receipts, gross revenue, gross sales, gross ton, Gross weight, Grossification, grosslyincome tax returnKuznetsloading, lump summargin of profitnet estate, net sales, Net tonnageOvergrossprofit and loss, profit and loss account, profit marginreal gross national product, returnsale in gross, Simon Kuznets, Subtiletax deduction, tax return, Thickskin, To be wrapped up in, To talk bigUpon the wholevulgarwhopper. (references)
    Specialty definitions using "gross": Commons in Gross, computed gross weightdesign gross weightgross commanded area, gross hauled traffic, gross international reserves in months of imports, gross national product at market prices, Gross rent, gross thrust, gross traffic hauled, gross value addedTrans-European Automated Real-time Gross Settlement Express Transfer system. (references)
    Etymologies containing "gross": Encarnalizegrocer, Gros. (references)
    Non-English Usage: "Gross" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses.

    German (big, grand, great, mighty, tall), Manx (gross), Norwegian (gross), Swedish (gross).

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    Modern Usage: Gross

    DomainUsage

    Screenplays

    That's very gross Ortiz. (Speed; writing credit: Graham Yost)

    I've seen her dehydrated sir, its pretty gross. (The Breakfast Club; writing credit: John Hughes.)

    Oh I know what y'all really want is some gross, caricature of a woman! (Tootsie; writing credit: Larry Gelbart; Don McGuire)

    Eew, gross! (Spy Kids; writing credit: Robert Rodriguez)

    What sick ridiculous puppets we are and what gross little stage we dance on What fun we have dancing and fucking Not a care in the world Not knowing that we are nothing We are not what was intended. (Se7en; writing credit: Andrew Kevin Walker)

    Movie/TV Titles

    Gross Out (1990)

    Song Titles

    Alison Gross (performing artist: Steeleye Span)

    Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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    Commercial Usage: Gross

    DomainTitle

    Books

    • Gross Anatomy (reference)

    • Gross Motor Skills in Children With Down Syndrome: A Guide for Parents and Professionals (Topics in Down Syndrome) (reference)

    • Grossology: The Science of Really Gross Things (Grossology Series) (reference)

    • High-Yield Gross Anatomy (reference)

    • Kids' Book of Gross Facts & Feats (reference)

      (more book examples)

      

    Periodicals

      

    Theater & Movies

      

    Music

      

    Consumer Goods

    Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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    Image Slideshow: Gross

    Photos:
    Gross

    More pictures...

    Illustrations:
    Gross

    More pictures...

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    Photo Album: Gross

    ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

    With slight magnification, the main body divisions and gross morphological characteristics of mosquito larvae can be observed. In this manner, scientists can quickly identify larvae in the field, rather than returning to the laboratory. Credit: CDC.

    Dissected rat showing evidence of echinococcosis due to Echinococcus multilocularis in organs at 45 days. Gross pathology. Credit: CDC.

    A small dairy farm in western Maryland. The U.S. Department of Agriculture defines "small farms" as those averaging $50,000 in gross sales annually—which net, on average, around $23,159. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Scott Bauer..

    Statue in Memory of Samuel David Gross, M.D.... Credit: National Library of Medicine.

    [Paul Gross, M.D.] / P. Credit: National Library of Medicine; photo by Fabian Bachrach..

    Portrait photograph by J. Ellsworth Gross, Chicago, Illinois. Probably taken in early October 1910, while Ely and other members of the Curtiss aviation team were attending an aviation meet at Chicago. Credit: NAVY.

    Postal card of portrait photographs by J. Ellsworth Gross, Chicago, Illinois, 1910. Featured are Whipple Hall, Eugene B. Ely, J.A.D. McCurdy, Glenn H. Curtiss, J.C. "Bud" Mars, James J. Ward, Charles F. Willard, and two views of Curtiss pusher biplanes in flight. Probably taken during the Chicago aviation meet in early October 1910. Credit: NAVY.

    Morty [Marty?] Gross using Western Electric headset to listen in on Man in the Moon stories, Ritz Apartments, Newark, N.J. Credit: Library of Congress.

    Joshua Barney, U.S.N. / engraved by J. Gross from a drawing by W.G. Armstrong after a miniature by Isabey. Credit: Library of Congress.

    Conversion. Silverware plant. As many as 10,000 gross of spoons per weeks have been produced by this Eastern company which is now undergoing conversion to production of surgical instruments vitally needed by the Army Medical Corps. The exhibit pictured he. Credit: Library of Congress.

    Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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    Sounds Captioned with "Gross".

    PlayCaptionPlayCaption
    Abominable; amoral; atrocious; base; contemptible; corrupt; debased; degenerate; depraved; devilish; dissolute; egregious; evil; fiendish; flagitious; foul; gross; guilty; heartless; heinous; immoral; impious; impish; incorrigible; indecent; iniquitous; i.Rude; disgusting; vulgar; crude; burp; awkward; backward; barnyard; boorish; cheap; cloddish; clumsy; coarse; crass; dirty; earthy; filthy; foul; grody; gross; ignorant; ill-bred; indecent; indelicate; inelegant; insensible; lewd; loud; loud-mouthed; lout.
    Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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    Familiar Quotations: Gross

    AuthorQuotation

    George Chapman

    Pure innovation is more gross than error.

    Martin Luther

    So our Lord God commonly gave riches to those gross asses to whom he vouchsafed nothing else.

    Ronald Reagan

    I used to say that Politics is the second oldest profession, but I have come to realize that it bears a gross similarity to the first.

    Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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    Historic Usage: Gross

    AuthorDateQuotation

    John Locke

    1690

    To what gross absurdities the following of custom, when reason has left it, may lead, we may be satisfied, when we see the bare name of a town, of which there remains not so much as the ruins, where scarce so much housing as a sheepcote, or more inhabitants than a shepherd is to be found, sends as many representatives to the grand assembly of law-makers, as a whole county numerous in people, and powerful in riches. (Second Treatise of Government)

    Marbury v. Madison

    1803

    This would be to overthrow in fact what was established in theory; and would seem, at first view, an absurdity too gross to be insisted on. (reference)

    Treaty of Versailles

    1919

    The amount of tonnage to be laid down in each year shall not exceed 200,000 tons, gross tonnage. (reference)

    Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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    Use in Literature: Gross

    TitleAuthorQuote

    Les Miserables

    Hugo, Victor

    They are gross and impious.

    Walden

    Thoreau, Henry David

    Often the poor man is not so cold and hungry as he is dirty and ragged and gross.

    Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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    Non-Fiction Usage: Gross

    SubjectTopicQuote

    Health

    It was later found that this was a gross exaggeration. (references)

    All gross lesions, even with superficial invasion, are stage IB cancers. (references)

    If a gross lesion is visualized, it should be biopsied, as a Pap smear alone is inadequate in this situation. (references)

    Business

    This is the equivalent of 0.4% of Gross Domestic Product. (references)

    Public tenders account for approximately 13% of gross domestic product. (references)

    This sector still accounts for 5.4 percent of the Gross National Product. (references)

    Children

    Pakistan

    Development experts point to a number of factors for the poor state of public education, including the low percentage of gross national product devoted to education and inefficient and corrupt federal and provincial bureaucracies. (references)

    Hong Kong

    In the first 6 months of the year, child abuse cases newly registered with the Social Welfare Department totaled 295, a 16 percent increase over the same period in 2000: 57 percent involved physical abuse, 27 percent sexual abuse, and the rest were classified as gross negligence, multiple abuse or psychological abuse. (references)

    Cameroon

    Nonetheless, education spending during the 1999 and 2000 fiscal year was only approximately 2 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Since parents must pay uniform and book fees for primary school, and because tuition and other fees for secondary education remained even more costly, education remained unaffordable for many children. (references)

    Civil Liberties

    Philippines

    Such remittances amount to nearly 10 percent of the gross national product. (references)

    Slovak Republic

    The book has been criticized widely by religious groups and the Slovak Academy of Sciences for gross inaccuracies and distortions, particularly in its portrayal of wartime Slovakia and the deportation of Jews and Roma. (references)

    Czech Republic

    In April Interior Minister Gross expressed his displeasure with the concerts and urged police to make use of existing laws against incitement to racial hatred and suppression of civil rights to prosecute organizers and participants. (references)

    Economic History

    Singapore

    Defense (FY 2000): 4.9% of gross domestic product. (references)

    Russia

    The profits tax is levied on an enterprise's gross profits. (references)

    Bolivia

    Bolivia's 1998 gross domestic product (GDP) totaled $8.3 billion. (references)

    Human Rights

    Indonesia

    The law creates four new district courts to adjudicate gross violations of human rights. (references)

    Ghana

    Two soldiers later were arrested and charged with gross misconduct and unprofessional behavior for taking sides in the dispute. (references)

    Indonesia

    The law provides for internationally recognized definitions of genocide, crimes against humanity, and command responsibility as core elements of gross human rights violations. (references)

    Political Economy

    Uganda

    Annual gross domestic product (GDP) was $320 (505,000 shillings) per capita. (references)

    Guinea-Bissau

    Annual per capita gross domestic product (GDP) was estimated at $170 (128,000 CFA francs). (references)

    SWEDEN

    Gross government debt is projected to drop to 52.4 percent of GDP in 2001 and to 50.2 in 2002. (references)

    Political Rights

    Zimbabwe

    In October 2000, the MDC brought a motion to Parliament to impeach President Mugabe for violating the Constitution and for gross misconduct. (references)

    Nigeria

    The Constitution outlaws the seizure of the Government by force and contains provisions for the removal of the President, Vice President, ministers, legislators, and state government officials for gross misconduct or medical reasons. (references)

    Trade

    Argentina

    VAT and Profits Tax are deductible from gross income tax. (references)

    Worker Rights

    Austria

    The estimated accepted unofficial minimum gross income is $10,928 (171,451 ATS) per year, and it provides a decent standard of living for a worker and family. (references)

    Iceland

    Employers are required to withhold union dues (1 percent of gross pay) from the pay of all employees, whether or not they are union members, to help support, among other benefits, disability, strike, and pension funds to which all workers are entitled. (references)

    Ecuador

    The Ministry of Labor periodically sets the minimum wage in consultation with the Commission on Salaries, but Congress also may adjust it. As of September, the minimum wage plus mandated bonuses provided a gross monthly compensation of approximately $118, or 75 cents per hour in the case of contract workers. (references)

    Lexicography

    Devil's Dictionary

    FEMALE, n. One of the opposing, or unfair, sex. The Maker, at Creation's birth, With living things had stocked the earth. From elephants to bats and snails, They all were good, for all were males. But when the Devil came and saw He said: "By Thine eternal law Of growth, maturity, decay, These all must quickly pass away And leave untenanted the earth Unless Thou dost establish birth" -- Then tucked his head beneath his wing To laugh -- he had no sleeve -- the thing With deviltry did so accord, That he'd suggested to the Lord. The Master pondered this advice, Then shook and threw the fateful dice Wherewith all matters here below Are ordered, and observed the throw; Then bent His head in awful state, Confirming the decree of Fate. From every part of earth anew The conscious dust consenting flew, While rivers from their courses rolled To make it plastic for the mould. Enough collected (but no more, For niggard Nature hoards her store) He kneaded it to flexible clay, While Nick unseen threw some away. And then the various forms He cast, Gross organs first and finer last; No one at once evolved, but all By even touches grew and small Degrees advanced, till, shade by shade, To match all living things He'd made Females, complete in all their parts Except (His clay gave out) the hearts. "No matter," Satan cried; "with speed I'll fetch the very hearts they need" -- So flew away and soon brought back The number needed, in a sack. That night earth range with sounds of strife -- Ten million males each had a wife; That night sweet Peace her pinions spread O'er Hell -- ten million devils dead! G.J.

    Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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    Speeches: Gross

    SpeakerTermPhrase(s)

    John F. Kennedy

    1961-1963The other is the gross inefficiency of their economies.

    Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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    Usage Frequency: Gross

    "Gross" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 83.16% of the time. "Gross" is used about 2,479 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
    Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
    100 Million Words
    Rank in English
    Adjective (general or positive)83.16%2,0624,208
    Cardinal Number8.1%20121,536
    Noun (proper)6.24%15525,240
    Lexical Verb (infinitive)1.77%4451,500
    Lexical Verb (base form)0.64%1687,710
    Noun (plural)0.08%2245,945
                        Total100.00%2,479N/A

    Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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    Name Usage Frequency: Gross

    The following table summarizes the usage of "gross" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified.
    NameUsage/GenderUsage per 100
    million Persons
    Rank in USA
    GrossLast name27,000416
    Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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    Cities: Gross


    1. Gross, NE (village, FIPS 20295)
    Location: 42.94676 N, 98.56887 W
    Population (1990): 7 (2 housing units)
    Area: 0.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water)
    Country: USA

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    Expression: Gross

    Expressions using "gross": A great gross Advowson in gross By the gross Common in gross computed gross weight great gross gross absorption Gross adventure gross amount gross anatomy Gross average gross biologic capacity gross biological capacity gross calorific value gross calorific value at constant volume gross commanded area gross debt gross domestic product gross domestic product at constant prices gross domestic product in real terms gross domestic product in volume gross domestic production gross earnings gross earnings margin gross error gross estate gross fault gross feeder gross fixed capital formation gross hauled traffic gross heating value gross income gross injustice gross interest gross international reserves in months of imports gross load hauled gross loading gross loss gross margin gross mistake gross national product gross national product at market prices gross negligence gross operating loss or profit gross out gross output gross pay gross proceeds gross product gross profit gross profit margin gross receipt Gross receipts gross register ton gross reproductive capacity gross retention gross returns gross revenue gross salary gross sales gross savings gross scale gross score gross ton gross tonnage gross traffic hauled gross trailing load gross up gross uptake gross value added gross vehicle weight Gross Virus Gross weight in gross in gross or at large in the gross low gross real gross domestic product real gross national product sale in gross total amount funded by international R&D and innovation programmes as a percentage of the gross domestic expenditure on R&D in a region in a given year. Additional references.

    Hyphenated Usage

    Beginning with "gross": gross-gross, Gross-headed, gross-of-tax, gross-out, gross-paying.

    Ending with "gross": gross-gross.

    Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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    Frequency of Internet Keywords: Gross

    The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
     
    ExpressionFrequency
    per Day
    ExpressionFrequency
    per Day

    gross

    969

    bite gross

    44

    gross picture

    846

    gross things

    43

    equipment gross motor

    434

    gross profit

    42

    gross pic

    233

    funny or gross picture

    39

    gross domestic product

    232

    gross movie weekend

    36

    gross stuff

    163

    gross motor skill

    33

    movie gross

    150

    michael gross

    33

    gross national product

    148

    gross profit margin

    32

    box office gross

    138

    gross video

    31

    gross margin

    107

    gross sex

    30

    gross photo

    100

    gross web site

    30

    paul gross

    98

    gross salopes

    29

    gross joke

    90

    gross poitrines

    29

    gross seins

    82

    gross site

    29

    gross anatomy

    72

    gross rosen

    28

    gross income

    70

    fesses gross

    28

    femmes gross

    67

    terry gross

    26

    gross shit

    53

    air fresh gross terry

    26

    gross vehicle weight

    52

    bill gross

    26

    adjusted gross income

    46

    weekend box office gross

    26
    Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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    Modern Translations: Gross

    Language Translations for "gross"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

    Albanian

      

    vulgar (banal, coarse, common, low, low-lived, low-minded, raffish, ribald, tawdry, vulgar, vulgarian), trashanik (ribald, slapstick), në përgjithësi (in general, in total, mostly), i vrazhdë (abrupt, austere, bad tempered, boeotian, boorish, brutal, brutish, churlish, clownish, coarse, crude, discordant, dissonant, earthy, fretful, grave, hard, hard-fisted, harsh, heavy-handed, ill natured, low-bred, morose, murky, robustious, rough, rough spoken, rude, scurrilous, severe, stern, sullen, surly, truculent, uncivil, unfinished, unhandsome, unmannerly), i trashë (bearish, clumsy, coarse, coarse grained, crass, deep, dense, dullish, dumb, dummy, fat, fatuous, fool, full-bodied, full-fed, gruff, lardy, oafish, obese, obtuse, puddingy, purblind, ropy, rough and ready, round, roundabout, slapstick, slow witted, slowcoach, stupid, tactless, thick, uncouth, viscous, wooden, wooden-headed), i tërë (all, clear, downright, entire, integral, thorough, total, undivided, whole), i plotë (all out, big, broad, clear, close, complete, comprehensive, crowded, dead, direct, dyed in the wool, entire, flush, fraught, full, integral, out and out, outright, overall, perfect, plenary, Plumb, plummy, pregnant, radical, round, sheer, solid, thorough, thoroughgoing, total, unabbreviated, uncut, unquestioning, utter, whole), i madh (bally, big, black, bouncing, capacious, capital, chuckle, chunking, close, grand, great, intense, large, lumping, major, massive, mighty, pelting, thumping, vast, vasty, voluminous, whacking, whaling), flagrant (flagrant), bruto. (various references)

       

    Arabic 

      

    ‏فاضح (disgraceful, egregious, flagrant, glaring, infamous, outrageous, scandalous, shameful), ‏فادح (exorbitant), ‏فظيع (abominable, atrocious, detestable, flagrant, hideous, horrible, horrid, monstrous, outrageous, shocking, terrible, ugly), ‏فظ (abrupt, blunt, boor, boorish, brusque, brutish, burly, chuffy, churlish, clownish, coarse, country, crude, crusty, curt, discourteous, earthy, grievous, gruff, hairy, harsh, hoarse, ill mannered, impolite, indelicate, low, mannerless, obdurate, off hand, plug ugly, precipitous, rough, rough and ready, rude, ruffianly, rugged, rustic, savage, scathe, serious, shaggy, short, sour, surly, uncivil, uncouth, unkind, unmannerly, unprintable), ‏متعاظم, ‏مئة بالمئة (absolutely, total-lot), ‏عام (catholic, common, encyclic, general, generic, historical, open, prevailing, public, rife, sketchy, universal, year), ‏خشن (boorish, bristly, coarse, crude, gruff, ill mannered, impolite, indelicate, jagged, mannerless, plebeian, rasping, raucous, rough, roughen, rowdy, rude, rugged, rustic, sand, scabrous, scratchy, stiff, surly, tough, toughen, uncivil, uncouth, vulgar), ‏جسيم (particle, pretty), ‏جاف (arid, becoming dry, boorish, brittle, churlish, crude, curt, dehydrated, desiccated, dried, dry, dryish, harsh, objectionable, rough, surly, unceremonious, uncivil, uncouth, ungracious, wild), ‏إجمالي (aggregate, outright, overall, synoptic, total), ‏إثني عشرة دزينة, ‏ربح ربحا صافي, ‏شره (avid, avidity, cormorant, gluttonous, gourmand, greed, greedy, hoggish, lickerish, pig, piggish, predatory, solicitous, voracious, voracity). (various references)

       

    Bulgarian 

      

    обемист (bulky, capacious, large, massive, voluminous), противен (abhorrent, abominable, adverse, bastard, contrary, cross, disagreeable, foul, fulsome, ghastly, horrid, loud, mucky, nameless, nasty, noisome, objectionable, obnoxious, odious, offensive, opposing, pestilential, rebarbative, repugnant, repulsive, scarlet, sickening, sickly, sorry, sour, squalid, swinish, ugly, unattractive, unfavorable, unfavourable, ungracious, ungrateful, unpalatable, unpleasant, unsavory, unsavoury, vexatious, vile, villainous), брутен, буен (bacchanalian, blustery, catchy, ebullient, exuberant, furious, high-spirited, hot, hot-blooded, hot-brained, hotheaded, impetuous, incandescent, jazz, jazzy, knockabout, lively, lush, luxuriant, obstreperous, opulent, phrenetic, prancing, profuse, proud, puffy, puppyish, rambunctious, rampant, rank, riotous, roaring, rough, rough and tumble, rousing, rude, rumbustious, spicy, spirited, sweeping, thick, torrential, tumultuous, turbulent, unchecked, ungovernable, unruly, untamed, vigorous, violent, wanton, zizzi), едрозърнест (coarse grained), едър (big, bouncing, burly, coarse, full, husky, large, massive, massy, overblown, portly, solid, strapping, substantial, walloping), макроскопичен (macroscopic), долнокачествен (crummy, cut rate, hedge, inferior, leaden, low-grade, pinchbeck, ropy, scrubby, sleazy, slim, third class, tinpot, trashy), неизтънчен, тъп (asinine, blunt, bovine, cloddish, crass, dense, dim, dim witted, dopey, dopy, dull, dumb, hollow, impenetrable, lumpish, muddle-headed, obtuse, opaque, puddingy, purblind, slow, sodden, stupid, thick, thick-headed, thick-witted, torpid, unpointed, wooden-headed), очебиен (conspicuous, flagrant, outstanding, pronounced, remarkable, salient, transparent), охранен (fatty, obese, well fed), вулгарен (caddish, coarse, common, doggish, gutter, loud, low, low-minded, raffish, raw, scurrilous, underbred, unedifying, vulgar), гроса, груб (abrupt, bearish, boeotian, brusque, callous, churlish, clownish, clumsy, coarse, coarse grained, common, crude, cubbish, curt, earthy, feral, glaring, graceless, gruff, hard boiled, harsh, heavy, hoggish, homespun, horny, loutish, low, material, outlandish, raspy, raucous, raw, rough, rough-shod, rowdy, rude, rugged, russet, rusty, short, surly, tough, uncivil, uncouth, wild and woolly), гъст (bushy, dense, double, full-bodied, heavy, impenetrable, rich, stiff, stringy, thick, turbid, viscous), тлъст (adipose, fat, fatty, greasy, pinguid, porky, puddingy, rank, rich, tallowy, unctuous), маса (accumulation, aggregation, body, bulk, concretion, crowd, heap, heaps of, herd, lashings, lot, lump, mass, oodles, pack, regiment, ruck, scad, shoal, slathers, stack, swarm, table, volume, volumes). (various references)

       

    Chinese 

      

    (Always). (various references)

       

    Czech

      

    vypasený (bloated), velký (big, considerable, exquisite, grand, grave, great, hearty, heavy, high, intense, large, long, loose, man-sized, spacious, tall, wide), veletucet, tlustý (chunky, fat, fat and flabby, fatty, large, overweight, rotund, stout, thick), sprostý (crude, dirty, dunghill, foul, foul-mouthed, indecent, larrikin, mean, nasty, obscene, plebeian, poor, rowdy, scurrilous, squalid, vulgar), oplzlý (bawdy, dirty, impure, lewd, obscene, salacious, scurrilous, uncouth, vile), obézní (obese), nevychovaný (ignorant, ill bred, loutish, uncultivated), neotesaný (churlish, coarse, common, ignorant, loutish, rugged, uncouth), hrubý (abusive, blue, boorish, brut, brutish, coarse, coarsened, crass, crude, foul-mouthed, grating, gruff, harsh, howling, knockabout, leathery, low, outrageous, raw, rough, rough and ready, ruddy, rude, rustic, scabrous, sylvan, uncouth, uneven, unmannerly, unprintable, vulgar), flagrantní (flagrant), celek (all, altogether, complex, total, totality, unit, whole). (various references)

       

    Danish

      

    brutto. (various references)

       

    Dutch

      

    bruto. (various references)

       

    Farsi 

      

    عمده (Chief, Dominant, Essential, Head, Main, Major, Material, On, Only, Predominant, Primary, Prime, Principal, Significant), بزرگ (Adult, Arch, Big, Bulky, Egregious, Enormous, Extensive, Extra, Grand, Grave, Great, Headman, Jumbo, Large, Lofty, Majestic, Major, Massive, Mighty, Sizable, Sizeable, Swith, Vast, Voluminous), بزرگ کردن (Aggrandize, Amplify, Dilate, Distend, Enlarge, Heave), بی تربیت (Barbarous, Impolite, Random, Uncivil, Underbred), درشت (Abrupt, Brutish, Crass, Gruff, Harsh, Jumbo, Large, Lump, Rough, Sturdy), درشت بافت , شرم اور (Indecent, Inglorious, Petulant, Shameful), انبوه (Aggregate, Bike, Clump, Collective, Congeries, Dense, Heap, Luxuriant, Rank, Riffraff, Thick, Voluminous), جمع کردن (Add, Agglomerate, Aggregate, Callup, Cluster, Collect, Constrict, Convene, Eke, Gather, Immobilize, In, Purse, Reef, Rollup, Total, Tote), بصورت سودناویژه بدست اوردن , ضخیم (Russet, Russeting, Squatty), ناخالص (Impure), زشت (Awkward, Awry, Backhand, Bad, Bawdy, Black, Execrable, Gash, Hank, Heinous, Hideous, Homely, Horrid, Invidious, Maladroit, Nefarious, Offensive, Ugly, Uncouth, Unfavorable, Ungainly, Ungraceful, Unhandsome), زمخت (Blowsy, Blowzy, Churlish, Clumsy, Coarse, Crass, Crude, Hard, Impolite, Raucous, Rough, Rude, Rugged, Tough), زمخت کردن (Rough), ستبر (Big, Burly, Robust, Stalwart, Stout, Sturdy, Thick), توده (Aggregate, Barrow, Bloc, Block, Bulk, Clot, Cob, Congeries, Heap, Hill, Lump, Mass, Midden, Oodles, Pile, Pyre, Rick, Riffraff, Shock, Stack, Volume, Wad), وزن سرجمع چیزی , وحشی (Barbaric, Barbarous, Brutal, Ferocious, Harebrained, Rambunctious, Ruffian, Ruttish, Savage, Truculent, Uncivil, Uncivilized, Undaunted, Ungovernable, Unshaped(En), Wild), کلفت کردن (Thicken), جمع کل (Entirety). (various references)

       

    Finnish

      

    bruttotuotto. (various references)

       

    French

      

    brut. (various references)

       

    German

      

    brutto. (various references)

       

    Greek 

      

    έχω έσοδα, μικτόσ (composite, mixed), χυδαίοσ (blatant, coarse, indelicate, lawbred, scurrile, vulgar, vulgarian), χονδρόσ (beefy, big, blocky, bluff, bouncing, burly, clumpy, clumsy, coarse, crass, gristle, lubberly, lumpish, lumpy, pursy, stubbed, thick, thickset), χονδρικόσ (bulk, wholesale), ολικόσ (complete, overall, total), ολικό εισόδημα μετά των εξόδων, δώδεκα δωδεκάδεσ. (various references)

       

    Hebrew 

      

    מ'ושם (awkward, burly, clown, clumsy, gawky, hulking, uncouth, ungainly, unwieldy), תריסרון, תריסר תריסרים, עב" (clumsy, coarse, thick), ברוטו. (various references)

       

    Hungarian

      

    otromba (blatant, bumpkin, ungainly, vulgar), bruttó, ordenáré (common, horsy), burjánzó (prolific, prolifical, rampant, rank, sprawling), goromba (bouncy, brusque, chuff, churlish, coarse, crude, foulmouthed, graceless, hirsute, rough, rude, ruffianly, surly), hájas (fat, fatty, obese), kövér (adipose, as fat as a pig, beefy, bold, corpulent, fat, have plenty of beef, loamy, lumping, overweight, plump, podgy, pudgy, puffy, thick), makroszkopikus, nagy testű, zsíros (blubbery, fat, fatty, greasy, oily, pinguid, unctuous), sikamlós (clubby, highly seasoned, ribald, slippery, that's getting rather near the knuckles), szabad szemmel látható, vaskos (buxom, chopping, chunky, crass, fat, stodgy, stout), vastag (bold, coarse, corpulent, crass, dense, fat, monumental ignorance, podgy, stiff, thick, to be in the chips), zöm (body, bulk, great mass, main body, main force), nagy (bang, big, blow-out, burly, by the skin of one's teeth, charger, circumstantiality, cunning, dining hall, drag, expansive, folding money, glib, grand, great, have a good wind, have a long way to go, have big ideas, haymaker, high, huge, kick in the teeth, large, massive, napoleon, pile, power, redundancy, roomy, saloon, spaciousness, spread, stack, swag-belly, the betting ran high, throaty, to buy at high rate, to delineate, to drink deep, to go the pace, to hit the headlines, to kick up a riot, to make much of sg, to make much of sy, to make the headlines, to raise cain, to set store by sg, to shoe-horn, to the great chagrin of sy). (various references)

       

    Indonesian

      

    gros (large), dua belas lusin, bruto. (various references)

       

    Italian

      

    lordo (dirty, filthy). (various references)

       

    Japanese Kanji 

      

    (all, general, whole), クローン病 (close game, Croatia, crocodile, Crohn's disease, cross, cross counter, cross country skiing, cross kick, crossbar, cross-check, cross-country race, crossed Nichol prism, crossover, cross-stitch, off-road vehicle). (various references)

       

    Japanese Katakana 

      

    そう (all, aspect, bed, cellar, class, conception, countenance, depository, destroy, elevator, ever, ex-, feel pain, former, formerly, general, go around, godown, granary, idea, layer, magazine, monk, never, once before, originate, phase, priest, seam, start, stream, suffer, thought, to accompany, to be added to, to be adjusted to, to become married, to comply with, to follow, to marry, to meet, to run along, to satisfy, to suit, treasury, warehouse, whole), クロス (cross). (various references)

       

    Korean 

      

    심한. (various references)

       

    Manx

      

    slane (absolute, absolute of ruler, absolutely, chin-chin, complete, entire, fully, healed, intact, integer, inviolate, perfect, sane, sheer, thorough, total, unbroken, undivided, unexpurgated as edition; good bye, unexpurgated; good bye, unharmed, unhurt, unimpaired, utter, well, whole), jiarg- (arrant, crass, egregious, rank), gross, daa ghussan yeig. (various references)

       

    Norwegian

      

    grov (coarse, gruff), gross, tykk (bold, corpulent, fat, thick), plump, brutto. (various references)

       

    Pig Latin

      

    ossgray

       

    Portuguese

      

    grosso (bulky, chuckle, corpulent, crass, fat, thick), gordo (bold, chubby, chuffy, corpulent, dumpy, fat, greasy, loan, obese, overweight, porky, purse, pursy, squabby, thick), grosa (file, rasp), grosseiro (a.b.c., abc, awkward, bearish, blanket, boorish, bumbling, caddish, churlish, cloddish, clownish, clumsy, coarse, coarse grained, common, crass, crude, cub, curmudgeon, curmudgeonly, earwax, gruff, harsh, heavy-handed, hogmanay, home-made, ill mannered, ill-conceived, impolite, incondite, indelicate, inelaborate, joggly, lacerated, left handed, lob, loutish, low-bred, lubberly, lumpish, piggish, ragged, ribald, rough, rude, rugged, scurrilous, surly, swinish, thick, uncivil, uncouth, uncultivated, unkind, unladylike, unmannerly, unparliamentary, untaught, vulgar, vulgarian, wooden), doze dúzias, em bruto (uncut, unhewn, unrefined), enorme (big, bloodcurdling, cursed, deuced, enormous, enormously, gargantuan, giggle, howsoever, huge, immense, large, mammoth, measureless, monstrance, monstrous, monumental, mountebank, prodigious, rousing, stupendous, swingeing, terrific, thumping, thundering, tremendous, unco, unconscionable, untold, walloping, whacking, whopping), flagrante (flagrant, glaring), bruto (animal, beast, bestial, brute, brutish, crude, illness, raw, rawhide, rude), inteiro (all, complete, entire, full, global economy, integer, integrate, livelong, round, total, unbroken, undivided, whole, wholesome), vulgar (accepted, artless, banal, blanket, coarse, common, commonplace, demotic, dismal, earthy, everyday, everything, got drunk, hackneycarriage, hacksaw, humdrum, inelaborate, low, low-necked, mediocre, ordinary, pedestrian crosswalk, penny-a-liner, platitudinous, Plato, prosaic, quotidian, ready made, soulless, trite, trivial, undistinguished, uninspired, unladylike, unoriginal, usual, vulgar, vulgarian), massa (aggregate, bawbee, bulk, cob, dough, havings, lump, mass, massive, mummy, pad, paste, squash), ordinário (base, base-minded, bum, common, everyday, garden, ordinary, ordinary shares, penny-a-line, run of the mill, stinker, twopenny, usual, vulgar), pesado (burdensome, cumbersome, cumbrous, drabbet, elephantine, gloomy forecast, heavy, hefty, hulking, leaden, loin, lumbering, lumping, lumpish, massive, massy, muff, muggy, onerous, oppressive, plop, ponderous, rigourous, slowpoke, sodden, soggy, sound, stodgy, stringent, tubby, unwieldy, weighty), tosco (bumbling, cloddish, clumsy, crude, harsh, rugged, uncouth, unhewn), total (absolute, all out, all purpose, amount, entire approval, entirety, integer, number, outright campaign, overall, overall balance, plenipotentiary, run down, sheer, sum, summation, teetotal, through and through, tot, total, universal, utter, whole), trinca-pinhas (hawk), tudo (all, all sorts, altogether, everything, everywhere, grabber), indelicado (brusque, clumsy, displeasing, impolite, indelicate, mannerless, rude, ungracious, unmannerly). (various references)

       

    Romanian

      

    grosolan (boorish, broad, brutish, churlish, clumsy, coarse, coarsely, crass, crude, currish, elephantine, flagrant, glaring, grossly, homespun, ill bred, indecorous, indelicately, inurbane, large, loutish, oafish, rank, rough, roughly, rude, rugged, rustic, trivial, unaccomplished, unmannerly, vulgar), global (aggregate, overall, total), greţos (disgusting, nauseous, queasy, sickening, sickly, unsavory, unsavoury), gros (abundantly, big, blubber, bulk, bulky, coarse, compact, densely, highly, podgy, quod, stiff, stout, thick, voluminous), brut (coarse, crude, earthy, raw, rough, sheer, undigested), dens (Cloggy, close, compact, dense, densely, stiff, thick, tight), flagrant (crying, flagrant, glaring), ţipãtor (blatant, crude, crying, flash, flashy, flaunty, garish, gaudy, glaring, harsh, hot, jazzily, loud, noisy, painty, peeper, screaming, showy, shrill, staring, strident, tawdry, tinsel, violent), maşcat (coarse grained, large), vulgar (base, broad, churlish, coarse, common, large, low, low-lived, unrefined, vile, vulgar, vulgarly), mare (acred, adult, ample, big, boundless, brine, broad, bulky, deep, dense, enormous, famous, fat, flux, foam, gorgeous, grand, grandiose, great, hard, heavy, high, howling, huge, hulking, illustrious, immense, important, keen, king size, large, large scale, long, loose, major, man-sized, massy, mighty, open, pond, ponderous, pretty, renowned, rich, roomy, sea, sensible, severe, spacious, stupendous, tall, thick, thundering, vast, violent, voluminous, wide), masã (avoirdupois, block, board, body, bulk, clump, congeries, cooking, crop, crowd, cuisine, dinner, dusty treat, feast, lump, mass, meal, meat, multitude, people, repast, shoal, table, throng, tuck in), obez (corpulent, fat, obese), ordinar (boorish, caddish, coarse, common, commonplace, customary, frequent, homespun, improper, ordinary, regular, rough, slavish, trivial, unrefined, usual, vulgar), total (absolute, all out, blank, complete, completely, count, crass, dead, entire, exclusive, inclusive, outright, perfectly, quite, sum, thorough, total, totally, unmitigated, utter, utterly, whole, wholly), voluminos (big, bulky, capacious, extensive, man-sized, massive, spacious, stodgy, voluminous), indecent (blue, dirty, free and easy, hoggish, immodestly, improper, indecent, lewd, naughty, racy, unprintable, unseemly). (various references)

       

    Russian 

      

    явный (aparent, apparent, declared, downright, evident, explicit, patent, pronounced, sheer, unconcealed, undisguised, unmitigated, unqualified, writ large), толстый (abdominous, fat, fleshy, paunchy, porky, stout, stubby, thick, well-fed), крупный (big, goodly, large, major, round), грубый (bad, barbaric, barbarous, bearish, beastly, bestial, blunt, boeotian, boor, boorish, brusque, brutal, brute, brute-force, brutish, churlish, clownish, coarse, common, crass, crude, curmudgeonly, currish, fresh, fulsome, gross ear, gruff, hard bitten, hardhanded, harsh, heathenish, homespun, horny, ill-bred, ill-mannered, ill-natured, jazz, larrikin, loutish, low down, low-lived, rank, raucous, raw, rawhide, ribald, robust, rough, rough and ready, rude, scratchy, scurrilous, uncivil, uncultivated, unfinished, unhewn, unmannerly, vulgar, woolly), вульгарный (caddish, coarse, common, груб., florid, low-minded, raffish, raunchy, tarty, volgar, vulgar, vulgarian), валовой (overall), объемистый (bulky, voluminous), оптовый, брутто, большой (big, builky, bulky, chuckle, chunking, clunky, considerable, feature length, goodly, grand, great, healthy, high, large, major, man-sized, walloping). (various references)

       

    Scottish

      

    reamhar (fat, plump, thick). (various references)

       

    Serbo-Croatian

      

    glomazno, glomazan (bulky, clumsy, cumbersome, logy, lumbering, lumpish, top heavy, unwieldy), ukupan iznos, loš (abominable, bad, lousy, mean, miserable, poor, refuse, shoddy, trashy, vile), debeo (beefy, fat, full, large, obese, plump, porky, thick, tubby), bruto. (various references)

       

    Spanish

      

    bruto (a b c, a.b.c., abc, beast, brute, brutish, coarse, crude, currish, raw, sod, stupid), asqueroso (augean, beastly, crappy, disgusting, distasteful, foul, loathsome, lousy, mucky, nasty, noisome, putrid, rancid, revolting, sordid, squalid, ugly, unpleasant). (various references)

       

    Swedish

      

    (advise, bestial, boundary, brute, churlish, coarse, counsel, crude, damp and chilly, fairy, foul-mouthed, fresh, primitive, raw, rough, sprite, tough, uncooked, vulgar, yard), grov (bearish, big, boeotian, coarse, coarse grained, crass, crude, earthy, fulsome, heavy, ine