Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Grading |
GradingNoun1. The act of arranging in a graduated series. 2. Changing the ground level to a smooth horizontal or gently sloping surface. 3. Evaluation of performance by assigning a grade or score; "what he disliked about teaching was all the grading he had to do". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "grading" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1840. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Building & Civil Engineering | Operation which consists in shaping and smoothing the surface of earthworks, including dirt roads, by loosening and redistributing the superficial material. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A general operation consisting of putting in place a surface to a given profile or contour. Source: European Union. (references) | |
| The proportion by weight of particles of different sizes in granular material. Source: European Union. (references) | |
| The amounts of the various soil separates in a soil sample, usually expressed as weight percentages. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Electrical Engineering | A multiple which allows some circuits or links to be accessed through a particular group of outlets and other circuits or links through different groups of outlets or all outlets on the switching stage. Source: European Union. (references) |
Environment | Division of, for example, waste into different categories. Source: European Union. (references) |
Food & Agriculture | Classification by size or by weight. Source: European Union. (references) |
Health | A system for classifying cancer cells in terms of how abnormal they appear when examined under a microscope. The objective of a grading system is to provide information about the probable growth rate of the tumor and its tendency to spread. The systems used to grade tumors vary with each type of cancer. Grading plays a role in treatment decisions. (references) |
Mining | A. The relative proportions of the variously sized particles in a batch, or the process of screening and mixing to produce a batch with particle sizes correctly proportioned. b. The commercial operation of sorting coke between two screens such that the ratio of the larger to the smaller screen aperture does not exceed 2.5 to 1; the coke which has been so sorted c. The gradual reduction, upward in a sedimentary bed, of the upper particle-size limit. It implies pulsatory turbulent-fluid deposition.CF:graded bedding. (references) |
Post & Telecom | A)a method of connecting level multiples together so that a group of selectors is given access to individual trunks on the early choices, but on the later choices, shares access with other groups; b)an arrangement of trunks connected to the banks of selectors by the method of grading. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
See also: Rating
- in various contexts: Any the finite set of values (typically 1, 2, 3..., I, II, III..., A, B, C...), used in a particular grade system to designate the corresponding groups, each group regarded as sufficiently similar in complex attributes (such as performance, quality, size, rank, etc.) to be classified together for some purpose, including
- in education, either
- a teacher's evaluation of a student's work: see Grade (education), or
- a student's level of educational progress in school, see:
- Education or Education by country
- in sports, degree of difficulty of a challenge, including:
- Grade (climbing)
- Grade (bouldering)
- In telecommunication: Grade of service
- in geography, railroad engineering, and other contexts sensitive to topography, a percentage ratio of elevation differential to distance (also called gradient, and a case of mathematical slope): see grade (geography)
- in mathematics, a unit for the measurement of plane angles: see gon
- see also graded algebra.
- in moving-image (motion pictures and television) post-production, to grade is to perform the process (also called "color-timing") of color-correcting images.
- Grade is a Hardcore punk rock band of the Emo genre.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Grade."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A graded algebra is an algebra generated when an outer product (wedge product) is defined in a vector space over the scalars .The outer product generates a set of new entities: the -vectors. As they are obtained by the outer product of linearly independent vectors, they are said to be of step or grade . -vectors are vectors in nature, so any -vector is a member of a vector subspace known as subspace of grade , denoted by ∧kVn. Each of this has a dimension of where is the binomial coefficient.
Vectors are said to have step 1, so
with dimension , and scalars are considered as the 0-step vector space ∧0Vn, and have dimension 1. The -vectors also generate a 1-dimensional vector space, so all -vectors are scalar multiples of a arbitrarily-chosen unitary -vector. Given that essentially behave as scalars, they are often referred to as pseudoscalars. Similarly, -vectors are also called pseudovectors.
In order to achieve closure, all these spaces are combined by considering the direct sum of all of them. The resulting space is a new vector space called the graded algebra:
and we call multivectors to its elements.
The dimension of the graded algebra is , and the structure of the grades subspaces is that of the Pascal triangle (see binomial coefficient).
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Graded algebra."
Synonyms: GradingSynonyms: leveling (n), marking (n), scaling (n), scoring (n). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Grading |
| English words defined with "grading": bother ♦ scoring, screen, sieve. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "grading": hyperbolic grading ♦ SUPERVISOR, FRUIT GRADING. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | Grading on a Curve (1996) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Grading oranges. Credit: USDA. |  | Cotton ready for grading at Staple Cotton in MS. Credit: USDA. |
 | Steamroller grading road, probably Michigan. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Road grading. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Grading peas for packing and shipment. Nampa, Canyon County, Idaho. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Florida migrants during lunch hour at potato grading station. Camden, North Carolina. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Grading seed which farmer has brought to office of Border King co-op seed exchange at Williams, Minnesota. This test is to ascertain purity and quality of seed before the price is set on it. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Rio Grande, Gallia County, Ohio. Mrs. Younkers grading eggs. There are three boys in this family who will also help with farm work. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Columbia Steel Company at Geneva, Utah. Bulldozer used in grading during the construction of a new steel mill which will make important additions to the vast amount of steel needed for the war effort. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Grading oranges at a co-op orange packing plant, Redlands, Calif. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | To make a railroad round the world available to all mankind is equivalent to grading the whole surface of the planet |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | The pathology community should adopt a uniform grading system and routinely use this discriminant. (references) | |
Sonographic features of pelvic masses are amenable to quantitative grading and have been shown in various studies to be helpful in predicting malignancy. (references) | ||
Studies of antenatal corticosteroid treatment were evaluated with the grading system developed by the Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination and adapted by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (Table 1). The ratings reflect both the quality of evidence and the strength of the recommendations that can be based on that evidence. (references) | ||
Business | The U.S. has taken the lead position in the supply of meat processing equipment and machines for cleaning, sorting and grading seed, grain or dried leguminous vegetables. (references) | |
High-quality filter technologies such as dioxin and furan filters offer particularly good market opportunities, especially as a result of Korea's planned extension and up grading of its solid waste incinerator facilities. (references) | ||
Russia was a closed market for decades, and as a result, many local businesses lack experience and expertise on international standards, timber/lumber grading systems and quality control, and international business practices. (references) | ||
Economic History | Uzbekistan | Foreign companies have been able to move into aspects of cotton and gold production, however, such as the grading, treatment and marketing of cottonseed and the mining and refining of gold. (references) |
Brazil | Best U.S. export prospects in this sector include sophisticated, state-of-the-art machinery with higher efficiency level, including the following equipment (1) irrigation equipment; (2) harvesting and post-harvesting machinery; (3) poultry equipment; (4) fruit sorting and grading machines; and (5) GPS and precision agriculture devices. (references) | |
Mauritius | The following activities are authorized in the freeport: warehousing and storage; breaking bulk; sorting, grading, cleaning and mixing; labeling, packing and re-packing; minor processing; transshipment; cash & carry sales; export-oriented port based activities; export-oriented airport based activities; freight forwarding; express courier services; mail order; simple assembly; and reshipment. (references) | |
Political Economy | CHILE | Chile's unique beef grading and labeling requirements effectively preclude imports of U.S. beef. (references) |
Trade | Ireland | Processing, sorting, grading, or repackaging of the goods may take place within the zone, and buildings may be leased or built. (references) |
Morocco | Except for few bulk commodities, Most Moroccan importers are not familiar with the USDA and US industry commodity grading systems and standards. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Grading" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 50.31% of the time. "Grading" is used about 161 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 50.31% | 81 | 36,835 |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 30.43% | 49 | 48,677 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 11.8% | 19 | 80,337 |
| Noun (proper) | 6.21% | 10 | 111,207 |
| Noun (common) | 1.24% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 161 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "grading": aggregate grading ♦ grading machine ♦ hyperbolic grading ♦ machine grading. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "grading": down-grading, up-grading. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "grading"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Chinese | 分级 (graded). (various references) | |
Danish | gradering (graded multiple, interconnecting, progressive interconnection, sizing), sortering (classification, dockage, inspection, riddling, screening, selection, separation, sort, sorting), sortere (grade, sorting), slaemning (elutriation, washing), regulering (regulation), profilering (leveling, levelling, machine grading, molding, moulding, regulating), planering (flattening, formation, leveling, levelling, machine grading, planing, planishing, regulating, shaping, spreading, the removal of a defined thickness of bituminous materials using a cutting blade), kornstørrelsesfordeling (gradation, grade), indplacering, bemaerkning, afglatning (leveling, levelling, machine grading, regulating), adskillelse (partition, separation). (various references) | |
Dutch | gegradeerd meervoudig circuit (graded multiple), gelijkmaken (facing, leveling, levelling, machine grading, regulating, trimming), gradering (progressive interconnection), korrelsamenstelling, afscheiden (divide, secrete, separate), afscheiding (breakaway, partition, secession, secretion, separation), afwerken (finish, finish off, work out), bij het m.o.niet bekend, egaliseren (even, level), afrijen (finishing, regulation, shaping), indeling (distribution, lay out, layout), sortering (assortment), korrelverdeling, nivelleren (level), planeren (leveling, levelling, machine grading, regulating), progressieve menging (progressive interconnection), scheiden (break up, disintegrate, divide, get a divorce, get divorced, separate), scheiding (divorce), sedimenteren (elutriation, washing), sortatie, sorteren (classification, classify, inspection, selection, separating, separation, sizing, sort, sorting, to sort), in Nederland. (various references) | |
Finnish | rakeisuus (gradation, grade, grain size, granularity, speckle), portautus (progressive interconnection), pesu (wash), luokitus (classification), luokittelu (stratification), lajittelu (classification, filing, inspection, screening, selection, separation, sieving, sifting, sort, sorting), kokoluokittelu (sizing), huuhdonta (rinse, rinsing), erottelu (discrimination, segregation, sorting), asteitus (graded multiple). (various references) | |
French | grading, granularité (gradation, grade, grain size, granularity), granulométrie (aggregate grading, gradation, grade, grain-size distribution), minutage, classement, composition granulométrique (aggregate grading, grain-size distribution), criblage, dosage granulométrique, calibrage, mention, triage, multiplage gradué (graded multiple), multiplage partiel (graded multiple), nivellement (machine grading), réglage, répartition granulométrique (aggregate grading, grain-size distribution), texture granulométrique, tri, lissage. (various references) | |
German | sortierend (assorting, sorting), Einstufung (classification, ranking), abstufend (graduating). (various references) | |
Greek | ισοπέδωση (acuminate, flattening, grinding, land smoothing, leveling, levelling, machine grading, planing, regulating, rolling, scraping, scrubbing the soil surface, sharpen, surface grinding, surfacing, the removal of a defined thickness of bituminous materials using a cutting blade, to grind tools, whet 3)grounding), διαλογή κατά μέγεθος ή κατά βάρος (sizing), διαλέγω (choose, elect, garble, go for, pick, pick out, select, single somebody out, sort), διαχωρισμός (separation), διαβαθμισμένο πολλαπλό (graded multiple), διαβάθμιση (gradation), διαλογή (triage), τελική διαμόρφωση (finishing, regulation, shaping), κλιμάκωση (escalation, gradation, scale), ισοπέδωσις εδαφών (leveling, levelling, machine grading, regulating), βαθμολόγηση (marking), στάθμιση (leveling, levelling, machine grading, regulating, weight, weighting), κοκκομετρική σύνθεση, κατάταξη (classification), κλιμακωτή ζεύξη (progressive interconnection), διάκριση (differentiation, discretion, discrimination, distinction, note). (various references) | |
Hebrew | מיון (assortment, classification, grade, indexing, sorting), תשבוץ (posting), ש ות (graduation), פלוס (levelling, plus, straightening out), "רו' (rating, scaling, terracing), סוו' (categorization, classification, sorting). (various references) | |
Hungarian | talajegyengetés, osztályozás (assortment, classification, docketing, gradation, labelling, rating, sorting, taxonomy). (various references) | |
Indonesian | pembijian (taking care of seeds). (various references) | |
Italian | granulometria (aggregate grading, gradation, grade, grain-size distribution, granulating, size consist, size distribution), granularit (grain size, granularity), calibratura (calibration), cernita (picking, selection, sorting), classificazione (classification, sorting), composizione granulometrica (aggregate grading, grain-size distribution), calibraggio (sizing), lavaggio (lavage, wash, washing), separazione (disconnectedness, disconnection, disestablishment, disjunction, farewell, parting, secession, separation, severance, split up), livellamento (equalization, leveling, levelling), livellatura (leveling, levelling, machine grading, regulating), menzione (mention), ripartizione (apportionment, compartment, distribution, division, dole, share out), sagomatura (finishing, formation, forming, moulding, regulation, shaping), scarto (board, difference, discard, margin, reject, rejection, run out, scrap, wastage, waste), inquadramento (aligned around, establishment, quad around). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 採点 (looking over, marking), 付け (allocation, classification, rating). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | さいて" (changing directions, festival, looking over, marking, turning around), かくずけ (allocation, classification, rating), かくづけ (allocation, classification, rating). (various references) | |
Korean | "급을 매김. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | adinggray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | granulometria (gradation, grade, graded size, granulation, size consist, size distribution), granulométria (aggregate grading, grain-size distribution, screening, sieving, sifting), selecção (selection), nivelamento (flatness), múltiplo gradual (graded multiple), lavagem (ablution, rinse, rinsing, slipslop, wash, washout, washup, wish-wash), interconexão progressiva (progressive interconnection), triagem (classification, cleaning, separation, sorting), terraplanagem (leveling, levelling, machine grading, regulating), aplainamento (leveling, levelling, long planing, machine grading, planing, regulating), elutriação (elutriation, washing), decantação (decantation, decanting, elutriation, washing), composição granulométrica (aggregate grading, gradation, grade, grain-size distribution), classificação (assortment, filing, ordination, placing, rating, regimentation, tabulation, triage), calibração (calibration, model calibration, sizing), escolha (adoption, assortment, choice, choose, election, option, pick, refusal, selection). (various references) | |
Russian | сортировать сортировка;уровень. (various references) | |
Spanish | granulometría (aggregate grading, gradation, grade, grain-size distribution), apartado (aloof, head, headland, off, paragraph, remote, separated), calibrado (calibrated), clasificación (assortment, classification, filing, label, order, ordering, rating, separation, sort, sorting, table), clasificacion por color, composición granulométrica, conformación (conformation), elutriación (décantation, elutriation, washing), afinado (finished, in tune, keyed, true, tune), escogimiento (sorting), terminación (completion, curtailment, ending, expiration, expiry, termination), interconexión graduada (graded multiple, progressive interconnection), interconexión gradual (graded multiple, progressive interconnection), interconexión progresiva (progressive interconnection), levigación (elutriation, washing), nivelación (leveling, levelling, levelling down high spots, machine grading, planning, regulating), perfilado (finishing, leveling, levelling, machine grading, regulating, regulation, reshaping, shaping), selección (choice, picking, selection), separación (abducing, abruption, break, breakup, decollation, detachment, division, hyphenation, isolation, parting, partition, secession, separation, severance), escogido (choice, chosen, picked, select, selected, well chosen). (various references) | |
Swedish | gradering med successivt ökad multiplicering (progressive interconnection), gradering (calibration, gradation, graduation, rating, scale), sortering (assortment, sorting), slamning (elutriation, washing), separering (separation), separation (separation), profilering (leveling, levelling, machine grading, regulating), nivellering (leveling, levelling, levelling down high spots, machine grading, planning, regulating), lönegradsplacering, korngradering, justering (adjustment), betygsättning (marking), avvägning (levelling), avjämning (finishing, leveling, levelling, machine grading, regulating, regulation, shaping, smoothing). (various references) | |
Turkish | sınıflandırma (assortment, classification, ordination, rating, sorting, subsumption). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words ending with "grading": aggrading, biodegrading, degrading, downgrading, intergrading, misgrading, regrading, retrograding, upgrading. (additional references) | |
Words containing "grading": degradingly. (additional references) | |
| |
"Grading" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Gadong, Gardiane, Gardin, Gnadige, Graddon, gradi, Gradidge, Gradignan, Gradouge, graig, graing, Gramigni, Graudenz, greading, gridding, griding, Grodin, Grudin, gruding. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "grading" (pronounced grā"ding) |
| 6 | g r ā" d i ng | degrading, upgrading. |
| 5 | -r ā" d i ng | braiding, raiding, trading. |
| 4 | -ā" d i ng | aiding, blockading, cascading, crusading, evading, fading, invading, lading, masquerading, parading, persuading, pervading, serenading, shading, wading. |
| 3 | -d i ng | applauding, apprehending, abounding, acceding, according, abiding, adding, affording, alluding, amending, ascending, astounding, attending, avoiding, awarding, backsliding, balding, banding, bedding, beheading, beholding, bending, bidding, biding, binding, bleeding, blending, blinding, boarding, bombarding, bonding, bounding, branding, breading, breeding, brooding, budding, building, ceding, cheerleading, chiding, clouding, codding, coding, coinciding, colliding, colluding, commanding, commending, compounding, comprehending, conceding, concluding, condescending, confiding, confounding, contending, cording, corresponding, crowding, deciding, decoding, defending, defrauding, defunding, deluding, demanding, denuding, depending, deriding, descending, disbanding, discarding, disregarding, dividing, downgrading, downloading, dreading, eluding, encoding, ending, eroding, exceeding, excluding, expanding, expending, exploding, expounding, extending, extruding, featherbedding, feeding, fending, feuding, Fielding, finding, flooding, folding, forbidding, foreboding, forwarding, founding, freestanding, funding, gadding, gilding, girding, Gladding, gliding, goading, Godding, grandstanding, grinding, grounding, guarding, guiding, handholding, handing, heading, heeding, heralding, herding, hiding, hoarding, holding, hounding, impeding, impending, imploding, inbreeding, including, intending, interceding, intruding, joyriding, kidding, kneading, landholding, landing, lauding, leading, lending, loading, longstanding, madding, marauding, masterminding, Melding, mending, minding, misleading, misreading, misspending, misunderstanding, molding, moulding, needing, nodding, nonbinding, nonbuilding, notwithstanding, offending, outbidding, outspending, outstanding, overbuilding, overcrowding, overextending, overfunding, overloading, overriding, overspending, padding, pending, pleading, plodding, portending, pounding, preceding, precluding, presiding, pretending, proceeding, prodding, proofreading, protruding, providing, pudding, punctuating, railroading, reading, rebounding, rebuilding, receding, recommending, recording, Redding, Reding, refunding, regarding, relending, reminding, rending, rereading, rescinding, residing, resounding, responding, retarding, retreading, rewarding, ridding, riding, rodding, rounding, safeguarding, sanding, scaffolding, scalding, scolding, seceding, seeding, sending, shedding, shepherding, shielding, shipbuilding, shredding, shrouding, siding, skateboarding, skidding, sledding, sliding, sounding, spearheading, speeding, spellbinding, spending, spreading, stampeding, standing, stranding, striding, subsiding, succeeding, superseding, surrounding, suspending, tending, threading, tiding, transcending, treading, trending, unbending, underfunding, understanding, unending, unfolding, unloading, unwinding, unyielding, upholding, upstanding, vending, voiding, warding, wedding, weeding, welding, wending, wielding, Wilding, winding, withholding, withstanding, Wooding, wording, wounding, yielding. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-d-g-g-i-n-r" | |
-1 letter: daring, gradin, raging. | |
-2 letters: aging, dinar, drain, garni, grain, grand, grind, nadir, ranid. | |
-3 letters: agin, airn, arid, dang, darn, ding, drag, gadi, gain, gang, giga, gird, girn, gnar, grad, gran, grid, grig, grin, nard, ragi, raid, rain, rand, rang, rani, rind, ring. | |
-4 letters: aid, ain, air, and, ani, dag, dig, din, gad, gag, gan. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-d-g-g-i-n-r" | |
+1 letter: dragging, guarding, niggards. | |
+2 letters: abridging, aggrading, badgering, brigading, daggering, dangering, degrading, deranging, dogearing, draggling, gandering, gardening, gradating, hagriding, niggarded, regarding, regrading, upgrading. | |
+3 letters: aggrandise, aggrandize, brigandage, degreasing, deraigning, derogating, desugaring, diagraming, disgracing, draggingly, dragooning, draughting, gadrooning, garlanding, graduating, misgrading, niggarding, redamaging, redarguing, renegading, unguarding. | |
+4 letters: aggradation, aggrandised, aggrandises, aggrandized, aggrandizer, aggrandizes, bedraggling, brigandages, degradingly, denigrating, diagramming, disagreeing, discharging, disparaging, downgrading, endangering, gadroonings, gingerbread, outdragging, overgoading. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Usage Frequency 11. Expressions 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
