Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Gassing |
GassingNoun1. The process of interacting with gas. 2. The deliberate act of poisoning someone with gas. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "gassing" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1880. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Chemical Industry | Evolution of gas in a container. Most often associated with metallic pigments(aluminium, zinc)and moisture. A heavy pressure may develop in the containers so that the lids fly off. Source: European Union. (references) |
Electrical Engineering | The evolution of gas from one or more of the electrodes in a cell which commonly results from local action(self-discharge)or from the electrolysis of water in the electrolyte during charging. Source: European Union. (references) |
Industry | Operation applied to yarns and fabrics to eliminate the fluff, which cannot be done by mechanical apparatus. Source: European Union. (references) |
Metallurgy | Blowing of a suitable gas, compatible with the binder, through the mould or core, to harden it before stripping or knocking out the mould or core. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | A. Absorption of gas by a metal b. Evolution of gas from a metal during melting operations or on solidification c. The evolution of gas from an electrode during electrolysi. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A gas chamber is a means of executing human beings whereby a poisonous gas is introduced into a hermetically-sealed chamber. When the condemned breathes this gas, death follows. Gas chambers have been used for animal euthenasia in the past (along with vacuum chambers), but most jurisdictions no longer permit this. Hydrogen cyanide, or more rarely Carbon monoxide, are the typical agents.
Capital punishment
Gas chambers have been used for capital punishment in the United States in the past to execute criminals, especially convicted murderers. Five states retain this method, but all allow lethal injection as an alternative. A federal court in California has declared this method of execution as "cruel and unusual punishment".
The punishment was (and still is) instituted individually and publicly, behind the protective glass of a gas chamber, in full view of accredited journalists, legal and medical experts, and the prosecuting side. The gassed individual can see the poison, and is advised to take a deep breath after the gas is released, to speed unconsciousness rather than prolonging death. The gas used is hydrogen cyanide, and death from it is painful and unpleasant.
Euthanasia
More notoriously, gas chambers were used in the Nazi Third Reich during the 1930s a part of a public euthanasia program aimed at eliminating physically and intellectually disabled people, and later the mentally ill. At that time, the preferred gas was carbon monoxide, often provided by the exhaust fumes of cars and trucks.
Genocide
Later, during the Holocaust, gas chambers were modified and enhanced to accept even larger groups as part of the Nazi policy of genocide against Jews, Gypsies, and others. Through experimentation in September 1941 Zyklon B (a crystalline form of hydrogen cyanide) gas was found to be more efficient. The Nazi gas chambers in mobile vans and, at least, eight concentration camps (see also: extermination camp) were used to kill several million people between 1941 and 1945.
The American method may be contrasted with the method used in Nazi Germany, which was instituted en masse and secretly. The victims were apparently unaware of their fates; they died in the belief that they were entering the chambers to be cleaned and deloused.
Controversy
However, there is an ongoing controversy about whether or not the condemned knew what would happen to them. Some argue that they did know, but elected to live a few minutes longer rather than to die confronting the armed guards. Most people regard these sorts of comments as an insidious attempt to shift blame from the Nazis to their victims, with their suggestion that the death camp victims were somehow cowards (with the unsaid implication that they therefore deserved their deaths). While it is true that they vastly outnumbered the guards in proportions of 1:100 or more, the condemned were unarmed, often malnourished, emaciated, and ill, and were concentrated in areas where the general populace was either hostile or indifferent to their fates, or were too fearful of their own lives to aid any escaped prisoners.
Some prisoners called Sonderkommandos were forced to help the Nazis murder their fellow prisoners by leading prisoners to the gas chambers and disposing of the bodies.
Some Jews did resist, most notably in the 1944 Sonderkommando uprising at Auschwitz, during which one of the gas chambers was destroyed.
External links
- http://www.agitator.com/dp/methods/gas.html
- http://motlc.wiesenthal.org/text/x08/xm0821.html]]
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Gas chamber."
Crosswords: Gassing |
| Specialty definitions using "gassing": TEST DRIVER II. (references) |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | Gassing tractor on farm, Jasper County, Iowa. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | Further, during the period above mentioned the German Government shall allow the free export from Germany, and the free re-importation into Germany, exempt from all customs duties and other charges (including internal charges), of yarns, tissues, and other textile materials or textile products of any kind and in any condition, sent from Germany into the territories of Alsace or Lorraine, to be subjected there to any finishing process, such as bleaching, dyeing, printing, mercerisation, gassing, twisting or dressing. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Gassing" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 94.74% of the time. "Gassing" is used about 19 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 94.74% | 18 | 82,615 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 5.26% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 19 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "gassing": de-gassing, out-gassing, tear-gassing. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
gassing kurds | 4 |
fridge gassing re | 3 |
gassing | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "gassing"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | nxjerrje gazi, helmim me gazi, dezinfekcion kundër gazi. (various references) | |
Danish | gasudvikling (gas generation, gasification), gasning (fumigation), gasdannelse, svide-gassere (singeing), bombering, begasse. (various references) | |
Dutch | gasvorming, gasontwikkeling (evolution, gas evolution, gas generation, gas release, gasification), begassing (fumigation). (various references) | |
Finnish | tuuletus (airing, ventilation), poltto (burning, combustion, pain), kaasuuntuminen (gas generation, gasification), kaasutus (destructive distillation, fumigation, gasification, pyrolysis), kaasunmuodostus, kaasunkehitys (gas generation, gasification), kaasukuplien muodostuminen paristossa. (various references) | |
French | gazage, formation de gaz, dégagement gazeux. (various references) | |
German | Gasung, Gasieren (singeing), Gasentwicklung (gas evolution, gas generation, gas release, gasification), Gasen, Gasbilding, vergasung (carburation, gasification), Sengen (scorch, singe, thrashings), Begasen (gas). (various references) | |
Greek | καψαλίζω (parch, scorch, sear, sweal, toast), έκλυση αερίων, σχηματισμός αερίων, γκαζάρω (singeing), φύσημα αερίου. (various references) | |
Hungarian | elgázosítás (gasification), szellőztetés (ventilation), perzselés, légtelenítés, gázosodás, gázosítás (gasification), gázmérgezés, gázfejlesztés, gázfejlődés (gasification), gázbuborék-fejlődés. (various references) | |
Italian | gazatura (singeing), sviluppo di gas, bruciatura del pelo (singeing). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | assinggay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | gaseificação (aeration, gasification), gasagem (singeing), intoxicação por gases, formação de gás. (various references) | |
Russian | газовая дезинфекция, выделение газа, наполнение газом, болтовня (badinage, banter, blether, cackle, chat, chatter, chitchat, clatter, confabulation, footle, gab, gammon, gas, gossip, gup, hubble bubble, jive, mag, patter, piffle, rattle, spiels, tattle, tittle tattle, twaddle, waffle, wish-wash). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | trovanje plinom. (various references) | |
Spanish | gaseo, gaseado (aerated, carbonated, gassed), formación de gas, asfixión con gas. (various references) | |
Swedish | gasning (fumigation). (various references) | |
Turkish | gazlama, gazla çalışma, zırva (balderdash, baloney, bilge, blather, blether, boloney, bosh, bull, bunk, bunkum, eyewash, fiddle, fiddle-de-dee, fiddle-faddle, fiddlesticks, flapdoodle, flimflam, gammon, garbage, hooey, jabber wocky, nonsense, punk, raving, ravings, rot, rubbish, stuff, tommyrot, twaddle), saçmalık (absurdity, applesauce, balderdash, bilge, blather, blatherskite, blether, bosh, drivel, extravagance, eyewash, farce, fatuity, fiddle-faddle, flapdoodle, flimflam, flubdub, footle, gab, galimatias, gibberish, guff, hog-wash, hokum, hooey, inanity, ineptitude, ineptness, insanity, irrationality, lark, malarkey, moonshine, nonsense, piffle, poppycock, punk, rot, rubbish, shenanigan, silliness, spinach, stuff, talkee-talkee, the irrational, trash, triviality, twaddle, vacuity, whimsicality, whimsicalness, wind, wishy-wash). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | виділення газу, отру"ння газом, обкурювання газом. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "gassing": gassings. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "gassing": degassing, outgassing, teargassing. (additional references) | |
| |
"Gassing" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: dassing, Gaczyna, gasing, Gassen, gassin, Gassino, gaussing, Gbassingbe, gesangk, Geseng, gesenge, Gesing, Gessin, Gisanga, Gnasssingbe, Gussin. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "gassing" (pronounced ga"sing) |
| 4 | -a" s i ng | amassing, classing, harassing, massing, passing, surpassing. |
| 3 | -s i ng | annexing, announcing, accessing, acquiescing, addressing, advancing, affixing, assessing, balancing, basing, blessing, bouncing, boxing, bracing, busing, bussing, buttressing, bypassing, canvassing, caressing, casing, ceasing, chasing, coalescing, coaxing, coercing, collapsing, commencing, compressing, condensing, conferencing, confessing, conversing, convincing, coursing, crisscrossing, crossing, cursing, cussing, dancing, debasing, decreasing, defacing, denouncing, depressing, diagnosing, digressing, disbursing, discussing, dismissing, dispensing, dispersing, displacing, distancing, distressing, divorcing, dosing, dousing, dowsing, dressing, eclipsing, effacing, embarrassing, embracing, encompassing, endorsing, enforcing, engrossing, enhancing, enticing, erasing, expensing, experiencing, expressing, facing, faxing, fencing, financing, fixing, flexing, focusing, forcing, freelancing, fundraising, fussing, glancing, greasing, grimacing, grossing, grousing, guessing, hairdressing, harnessing, hissing, horsing, icing, impressing, increasing, indexing, inducing, influencing, intermixing, introducing, invoicing, kissing, Lancing, lapsing, leasing, lensing, licensing, loosing, menacing, mensing, messing, mincing, missing, mixing, noticing, nursing, obsessing, oppressing, outdistancing, outpacing, outsourcing, overproducing, pacing, parsing, perplexing, piecing, piercing, placing, policing, possessing, pouncing, practicing, prancing, prejudicing, pressing, pricing, processing, producing, professing, progressing, promising, pronouncing, pulsing, racing, reassessing, rebalancing, recessing, redressing, reducing, referencing, refinancing, refocusing, rehearsing, reimbursing, reinforcing, reintroducing, rejoicing, relapsing, relaxing, releasing, reminiscing, renouncing, replacing, repressing, repricing, reprocessing, reproducing, repulsing, repurchasing, resurfacing, retracing, reversing, rinsing, romancing, sacrificing, seducing, sensing, sentencing, sequencing, servicing, showcasing, silencing, slicing, sluicing, sourcing, spacing, spicing, splicing, sprucing, stressing, subleasing, suppressing, surfacing, taxing, teleconferencing, tossing, tracing, traipsing, traversing, trespassing, trouncing, unceasing, unconvincing, underpricing, unpromising, vexing, videoconferencing, voicing, waltzing, waxing, wincing, wissing, witnessing, xeroxing. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-g-g-i-n-s-s" | |
-1 letter: agings, assign. | |
-2 letters: aging, gains, gangs, gigas, sains, sasin, signs, sings, snags. | |
-3 letters: agin, ains, anis, gags, gain, gang, giga, gigs, gins, nags, sags, sain, sang, sans, sign, sing, sins, snag. | |
-4 letters: ain, ais, ani, ass, gag, gan, gas, gig, gin, ins, nag, sag, sin, sis. | |
-5 letters: ag, ai, an, as, in, is, na, si. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-g-g-i-n-s-s" | |
+1 letter: gaskings, gassings, glassing, grassing, signages, stagings. | |
+2 letters: assigning, assuaging, asswaging, bagginess, degassing, massaging, messaging, passaging, snaggiest. | |
+3 letters: aggressing, aggression, assagaiing, assegaiing, cragginess, degaussing, disengages, gigantisms, glissading, grosgrains, outgassing, shagginess. | |
+4 letters: aggrandises, aggressions, almsgivings, bagginesses, gangsterish, gangsterism, gingersnaps, glaringness, glassmaking, grangerisms, reassigning, seignorages, signalising, stargazings, teargassing, waggishness. | |
+5 letters: angiogeneses, angiogenesis, beggarliness, bushrangings, cragginesses, galligaskins, gangliosides, gangsterisms, gastightness, genealogists, glassblowing, glassmakings, graspingness, hardinggrass, preassigning, segregations, seigniorages, shagginesses, tobogganists, unaggressive. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Images: Slideshow 4. Images: Photo Album | 5. Quotations: Historic 6. Usage Frequency 7. Expressions 8. Expressions: Internet | 9. Translations: Modern 10. Derivations 11. Rhymes 12. Anagrams | 13. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
