Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Gallic |
GallicAdjective1. Of or pertaining to Gaul or the Gauls; "Ancient Gallic dialects"; "Gallic migrations"; "the Gallic Wars". 2. Of or pertaining to France or the people of France; "French cooking"; "a gallic shrug". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "Gallic" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Gallia (in English Gaul) is the Roman name for the region of western Europe occupied by present-day France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine river. In English the word Gaul commonly refers to a Celtic inhabitant of that region in ancient times.
But the Gauls were widespread in Europe by Roman times, speaking Celtic languages that had diverged into two groups. Besides the Gauls of modern-day France, Gauls had settled in the plains of northern Italy, in the province Romans knew as Gallia Cisalpina ("Gaul this side of the Alps'). Other Gauls had migrated across the Pyrenees into Spain, where they mixed with the indigenous Iberians as "Galloiberians.'
Gauls under Brennus sacked Rome circa 390 BC, destroying all Roman historical records to that point.
In the Aegean world, a huge migration of Eastern Gauls appeared in Thrace, north of Greece, in 281 BC. Another Gaulish chieftain named Brennus, at the head of a large army, was only turned back from desecrating the Temple of Apollo at Delphi at the last minute, alarmed, it was said, by portents of thunder and lightning. At the same time a migrating band of Celts, some 10,000 fighting men, with their women and children and slaves, were moving through Thrace. Three tribes of Gauls crossed over from Thrace to Asia Minor at express invitation of Nicomedes I of Bithynia, who required help in a dynastic struggle against his brother. Eventually they settled down in eastern Phrygia and Cappadocia in central Anatolia, in a region henceforth known as Galatia.
Roman rule in Gaul was established by Julius Caesar, who defeated the Celtic tribes in Gaul 58-51 BC and described his experiences in De Bello Gallico, which means Of the Gallic War. The war cost the lives of more than a million Gauls, and a million further were enslaved.
The area was subsequently governed as a number of provinces, the principal ones being Gallia Narbonensis, Gallia Lugdunensis, Gallia Aquitania and Gallia Belgica. The capital of the Gauls was Lyon (Lugdunum).
On December 31, 406 the Vandals, Alans and Suebians crossed the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia.
After coming under increasing pressure from the tribes of Germany from the middle of the 3rd century AD, Roman rule in Gaul ended with the defeat of the Roman governor Syagrius by the Franks in AD 486.
Gallo-Roman continuity
In the 6th century, the former Gaul continued to be divided in three parts, as Caesar had described. The Franks were in occupation of most of the territory. A Visigothic kingdom was established in the southwest region that would become Aquitaine. And in the areas that would become Provence and Languedoc a Gallo-Roman culture continued into the time of Gregory of Tours.
See also:
- Ambiorix, Vercingetorix, Aedui, Asterix, Gaulish
- Gallic Empire
- List of peoples of Gaul
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Gaul."
Synonym: GallicSynonym: French (adj). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Gallic |
| English words defined with "Gallic": Anthony, Anti-Gallican, Antonius, Antony ♦ Bablah ♦ Clovis, Clovis I ♦ Ellagic, Ellagic acid ♦ French ♦ Gallate, Gallian, Gallican, Gaulish ♦ Marcus Antonius, Mark Anthony, Mark Antony ♦ Rufigallic ♦ Sinapic. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "Gallic": Corvinus ♦ Gallicenæ, gallotannin. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "Gallic": Rufigallic. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Theater & Movies | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | The (r)gamin style of life is a shade of the Gallic mind |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Economic History | Switzerland | Originally inhabited by the Helvetians, or Helvetic Celts, the territory comprising modern Switzerland was conquered by Julius Caesar during the Gallic wars and made part of the Roman Empire. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Gallic" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 97.01% of the time. "Gallic" is used about 67 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 97.01% | 65 | 41,645 |
| Noun (singular) | 2.99% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 67 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expression using "Gallic": gallic acid. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "Gallic": anglo-gallic, arch-gallic. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
gallic war | 26 |
gallic | 19 |
gallic acid | 13 |
caesars gallic war | 6 |
gallic name | 3 |
commentary gallic war | 3 |
caesar gallic war | 3 |
gallic gratitude word | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "Gallic"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | gal (gaul, gaulish), i galëve, francez (french, frenchman, frog, gaul, parleyvoo). (various references) | |
Arabic | غالي خاص ببلاد الغال الفرنية. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | френски (french, gaulish), танинов (tannic), галски (gaulish). (various references) | |
Chinese | "倍子. (various references) | |
Czech | galský (gaulish), francouzský (french). (various references) | |
Danish | gallussyre (gallic acid). (various references) | |
Dutch | Gallisch (Gaulish). (various references) | |
Esperanto | gaŭla (Gaulish). (various references) | |
Finnish | gallialainen (Gaul). (various references) | |
French | gaulois (Gaul, Gaulish). (various references) | |
German | gallisch. (various references) | |
Greek | γαλλικόσ (french), γαλατικόσ. (various references) | |
Hebrew | צרפתי (french). (various references) | |
Hungarian | gall (Gael, gaul, gaulish). (various references) | |
Italian | gallo (bantam, grouse, rooster), gallico. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | ガリア戦記 (gallium, History of the Gallic Wars). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ガリアせ"き (History of the Gallic Wars). (various references) | |
Manx | Gallagh. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | allicgay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | gaulês (gaulish), francês (French). (various references) | |
Romanian | galic (gaelic), francez (french, frenchman, gaulish, parleyvoo). (various references) | |
Russian | гальский, галльский (gaulish), галловый, галлиев. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | galski (gaulish). (various references) | |
Spanish | galo (gaul, gaulish), galicano, gálico (syphilis). (various references) | |
Swedish | gallisk, fransk (French). (various references) | |
Thai | เกี่ยวกับฝรั่งเศส. (various references) | |
Turkish | galya'ya ait (gaulish), gal diline ait, fransa'ya ait, fransız (french, frog, gaul). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | галльський. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | Gallia, gallicas, Gallicus. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "Gallic": gallican, gallicism, gallicisms, gallicization, gallicizations, gallicize, gallicized, gallicizes, gallicizing. (additional references) | |
| |
"Gallic" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: callic, fallic, Gablik, gaellic, galac, galach, galec, Gali, galib, galic, Galica, galik, galiz, Gallici, Gallico, Gallix, Galucci, gelic, gialli, Glavica, glavlit, glic, gralloch, Gulick, Gullich, mallic. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "Gallic" (pronounced ga"lik) |
| 4 | -a" l i k | Alec, anencephalic, italic, metallic, phallic. |
| 3 | -l i k | acrylic, alcoholic, allelic, anabolic, angelic, bucolic, catholic, diastolic, frolic, garlic, hydraulic, hydrophilic, hyperbolic, idyllic, melancholic, metabolic, nonalcoholic, nonpublic, parabolic, pedophilic, phenolic, psychedelic, public, relic, shashlik, symbolic, vitriolic, workaholic. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-g-i-l-l" | |
-1 letter: glial, lilac. | |
-2 letters: call, clag, gall, gill, glia, laic. | |
-3 letters: ail, all, cig, gal, ill, lac, lag. | |
-4 letters: ag, ai, al, la, li. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-g-i-l-l" | |
+1 letter: calling, glacial, logical. | |
+2 letters: allergic, alogical, callings, collegia, gallican. | |
+3 letters: algicidal, allogenic, angelical, caballing, callusing, canalling, carolling, cavilling, cellaring, cigarillo, collaging, collagist, collaring, collating, collegial, collegian, colligate, elegiacal, galenical, gallicism, gallicize, genically, glacially, illogical, logically, magically, pilgarlic, recalling, scagliola. | |
+4 letters: allegiance, allergenic, allocating, allogeneic, alogically, analogical, biological, callousing, cancelling, catcalling, cigarillos, clankingly, collagists, collapsing, collegians, collegiate, colligated, colligates, corralling, dialogical, ecological, enological, galenicals, gallicisms, gallicized, gallicizes, geological, glaciology, glancingly, gothically, legalistic, liturgical, localising, localizing, logicality, logistical, marcelling, miscalling, nonlogical, oligoclase, parcelling, pilgarlics, prelogical, scagliolas, scalloping, subglacial, surgically, tragically, ufological, urological, zoological. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Quotations: Fiction 6. Quotations: Non-fiction 7. Usage Frequency 8. Expressions | 9. Expressions: Internet 10. Translations: Modern 11. Translations: Ancient 12. Derivations | 13. Rhymes 14. Anagrams 15. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
